Social Psychological Experiments

Video Clips to help your understanding

Milgram

Stanley Milgram was interested in finding out under what circumstances ordinary people could be influenced to inflict harm upon others.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8olVHKgIBXc

Most unethical experiment. Led to improve the Psychology Association guidelines.

Festinger

Cognitive Dissonance – causes individuals to change their attitudes. Dissonance is the tension that results from holding conflicting beliefs, attitudes, opinions or values.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bp39qSdyTc4&feature=related

Asch Experiment

Normative Influence – Gain social approvalSocial Influence – accepting others

opinions about reality, especially if you are not sure.

Conformity- follow others (lines)

Latane & Darley

Testing people’s helping ability:Diffusion Responsibility- larger the group

less likely to help, less people more likely to help.

Bystander-Assuming others will helpKitty Genevese – Genovese syndromeAltruism – Theorists debate whether there

is an inborn trait that prompts people to engage in acts of selfless sacrifice for others or acts of rewards of heroism or ego need.

Sherif

Contact Theory-working together with groups to reach one common goal (superordinate goal) should lower tension and increase harmony. Helps with prejudice, working together verses going against one another.

Word activity

Aronson & Gonzalez

Teaching strategy making Anglo & Hispanic kids interdependent upon one another to learn.

Jigsaw Classroom - http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2p1AE3Z3j5I

Self-fulfilling Prophecy

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=P4wL5t8YH1Q

Is the tendency to let our preconceived expectations of others influence how we treat them. Ex. Teachers told to expect certain student to get smart during the year actually treated those kids differently as a result the expectations became a reality.

Effects of the group

Social Facilitation – Improved performance of well learned tasks in front of others. Due to increased level of motivation when in front of audience.

Social Impairment – (opposite) when just learning something and if you have an audience you tend to do worse.

Group Polarization-group decision more powerful

than individual decision(asch). Deindividuation(world leaders)-oppositeGroupthink-Since everyone voices their opinions

out loud, you assume everyone is in agreement and you don’t do anything about your disagreement.

Effects of Group

One reason why many groups have some form of initiation rites and rituals is

because of Group Cohesion

The power of Conformity - http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7pvxo7o7SwI

Why do we conform?

Normative Influence – We don’t want to stand out as different just be normal.

Informational Social influence – information given or understood is swaying your opinion to conform

Lapierre Experiment

Proved People’s attitudes do not necessarily reflect their behavior :

LaPierre conducted the experiment with Asian couples, and in short how the reactions of various establishments when confronted in person contrasted the reactions via a questionnaire.

Working with a Partner-Superordinate Goal write examples

together and turn in as pair sheet

Diffusion of Responsibilities

Often used to explain the bystander effect, a phenomenon in which the greater the number of people present, the less likely people are to help an individual in distress.

1 sentence give me an example

Fundamental Atrribution of Error

Attribution Theory-Our way of explaining why people act the way they do.

Attribution Of Error (2 types)Problem – Student receives an F on test. ◦Personal Stable – He is lazy.◦Situational Constraints (personal factors) – He

is probably sad about parents divorce.

Give an example of each…

Compliance

Foot in the door phenomenon- Give an inch, they want a foot. You lend a friend 1 dollar next time may ask for 5 dollars.

Reciprocity – soliciting technique ex. Give

great service as a waitress expect bigger tip.

Give an example 1 sentence each.

Friendship & Beauty

Mere Exposure Effect(familiarity principle) – more contact we have with someone, the likely we will like that person.

Research shows that friends usually are rated very similarly in physical attractiveness. Similarity of interests and social back ground is also likely to determine who become friends.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R6MJMs8AkCs (give an example)

Causes of Conflict

Prejudice-unjustified negative attitude

Discrimination-unjustified behavior/action

Stereotypes Mental SchemasA. Teachers areB. AP Students are Give example for each 1 sentence

Causes of Conflict

Scapegoat theory –blame other groups for our failures or weaknesses

Ethnocentrism-belief our culture is superior to others (in-group or out – group).

Other-Race Effect – The tendency to recall faces of one’s own race more accurately than other races.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8tyKVOQSjVc

Example of each 1 sentence

Evaluating Behavior

Social Loafing- Allowing others to do the work while you just hang out (groupwork).

Social Loafing - YouTube Self-Serving Bias-give our success credit

to our stable causes & failures to situational factors. ”I work hard, others don’t care.”

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kjfSuOq6ReA

Compliance

Although you may not necessarily agree, you go along with the majority or the individual who has more power/influence.

Give an example 1 sentence

Hate Video

Write 5 questions and 5 answers during the video

Write a summary of what you learned newTurn in pair share sheet and video notes

today!