Student : Zhokina Polina

Definition of a Speech or Language Definition of a Speech or Language ImpairmentImpairment

Speech disorders or language impairments are a type of communicationdisorders where “normal” speech is disrupted.

This can mean an disorder of speech or sound production (stuttering, lisp), fluency, voice or language which significantly affects a child’s educational performance or their social, emotional or vocational development.

Someone who is unable to speakdue to a speech disorder is considered mute.

ClassificationClassificationBarbara Dodd proposes a classification of subgroups of functional speech disorders

1. Articulation disorder2. Phonological delay

3. Consistent phonological disorder

4. Inconsistent phonological disorder

By a strict classification By a strict classification only 5% to 10% of the population has a only 5% to 10% of the population has a completely normal manner of speakingcompletely normal manner of speaking (with respect to all parameters)(with respect to all parameters)

Stuttering

All other can suffer from this disorders:

Cluttering Muteness

Speech sound disorders

Voice disorders

Dysarthria

Apraxia

Causes & TreatmentCauses & Treatment

In many cases the cause is unknown. However, there are various known causes:

hearing loss, neurological disorders, mental retardation, drugs,

physical impairments such as Cleft lip and so on..."

Speech and language services involve cooperative efforts with others, including parents, audiologists, psychologists social workers, special education teachers, classroom teachers, doctors, dentists and nurses.

Suffering from a speech disorder can have negative

social effects, especially among young children

Children with a speech disorder can be targets of bullying because of their disorder.

The bullying can result in decreased self-esteem.

Later in life, bullying disappears, because people become more understanding as they age.

Proper skills are necessary to communicate effectively. Improved communication through speech therapy can result in a better educational, social, and emotional experience for a child.Suffering from a speech disorder can have negative social effects, and can cause some to be shy and have poor public speaking skills.

By the End: speech or language impairments are problems in communicating with others. Language disorders are problems inunderstanding other people’s messages and in expressing ideas or information.

Here are some tips:-Most children benefit from simply getting more practice communicating.

-Be patient. Don’t finish sentences for children with speech disorders.

-Be careful not to be overly critical of mistakes a child makes.-By questioning ask questions that require more than yes/no answers.-Be sure to use materials that interest the child and remember to talk about things that interest them.

This will increase the children’s motivation to communicate. Also give choices whenever possible!