smithers landscape guidelines draft 07 · 2017-08-28 · downtown smithers landscape design...

DOWNTOWN SMITHERS

Landscape Design Guidelines

November 2012

Downtown Smithers Landscape Design Guidelines – November 2012

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

1. INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................ 1

1.1. Context ...................................................................................................................................... 1

1.2. Purpose ..................................................................................................................................... 2

1.3. Landscape Design Principles ..................................................................................................... 3

1.4. Landscape Design Guidelines Overview ................................................................................... 3

2. LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES ............................................................................................................... 4

2.1. General Landscape Design ........................................................................................................ 4

2.2. Parking Lots ............................................................................................................................. 12

2.3. Boulevards .............................................................................................................................. 15

2.4. Commercial/Mix‐use ............................................................................................................... 19

2.5. Multi‐Family ............................................................................................................................ 22

2.6. Public Spaces ........................................................................................................................... 24

APPENDICES TOOLBOX

A. Landscape Design Submission Checklist

B. Plant & Landscape Materials

C. Plant Lists

D. Planting Details

E. Irrigation Design Guidelines

F. Maps


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LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1: Illustration of Sightlines ................................................................................................................. 5

Figure 2: Illustration of Multi‐tiered Vegetation .......................................................................................... 7

Figure 3: Illustration of Fully‐vegetated planting beds ................................................................................. 7

Figure 4: Illustration of Root Zones in Hard Surfaces ................................................................................... 8

Figure 5: Example Images of stormwater management ............................................................................. 10

Figure 6: Parking Lot ................................................................................................................................... 12

Figure 7: Illustration of vegetation setbacks from curb .............................................................................. 13

Figure 8: Example images of screens/fences .............................................................................................. 14

Figure 9: Boulevard ..................................................................................................................................... 15

Figure 10: Continuous Tree Pit.................................................................................................................... 16

Figure 11: Example of boulevards used for snow storage. ......................................................................... 17

Figure 12: Example of stormwater storage within street boulevards ........................................................ 17

Figure 13: Example images of decorative tree grates ................................................................................ 18

Figure 15: Landscape proportional to buildings ......................................................................................... 19

Figure 14: Commercial/Mix‐use .................................................................................................................. 19

Figure 16: Example image of paving and planters emphasizing building entrance .................................... 20

Figure 17: Example image of foundation landscape ................................................................................... 20

Figure 18: Example image of screening to break up expansive walls. ........................................................ 20

Figure 19: Example image of screened loading dock .................................................................................. 21

Figure 20: Example of opaque screening around refuse and recycling bins .............................................. 21

Figure 21: Multi‐Family Residential ............................................................................................................ 22

Figure 22: Example images of landscape and site features separating public and private spaces ............ 23

Figure 23: Public Spaces .............................................................................................................................. 24

Figure 24: Example images of decorative paving ....................................................................................... 25


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1. INTRODUCTION

1.1. Context Nestled in Northwest British Columbia’s scenic Bulkley Valley, the Town of Smithers has

unique requirements for designing sustainable urban landscapes. The local environment and

climatic conditions require careful landscape material selection that is appropriate to the local

climate while accommodating urban functions like snow removal and storage.

Examples of challenging circumstances encountered in downtown Smithers include:

Nutrient depleted soils;

Heavy snow, icy winds and extended freeze‐thaw cycles;

Salt exposure related to ice clearing;

Slow growing cycles and extended periods for root establishment;

As few as 90 frost‐free days per year; and

A plant hardiness rating of Zone 3.

The Downtown Smithers Landscape Design Guidelines provide design guidance specific to

addressing landscaping challenges in an urban Northern BC community.


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1.2. Purpose The Downtown Smithers Landscape Design Guidelines are provided to assist those proposing

changes within the downtown area and those evaluating the proposals through the

development permit process. The design guidelines are intended to support and enhance the

form and character of urban design in downtown Smithers and are to be incorporated into

the Town’s Form and Character Development Permit Area Guidelines. These design guidelines

should be read in conjunction with the Town of Smithers Official Community Plan, Zoning

Bylaw and other relevant regulations and policies.

The objectives of the Downtown Smithers Landscape Design Guidelines are to:

Reflect the unique character of Smithers through landscape design;

Preserve the historical and natural character of the downtown;

Provide visible evidence of sustainable northern landscape design;

Enhance views to the surrounding landscape and town features;

Buffer potentially incompatible land uses and screen undesirable views;

Add visual interest to open space and blank facades;

Soften and integrate dominant building masses and edges;

Create a pleasant pedestrian experience;

Reinforce streets as important public spaces, connections and circulation routes;

Contribute towards a sense of personal safety and security;

Break‐up large areas of impervious parking surfaces, provide shade and screen parking from adjacent land uses;

Provide street trees and landscaping consistent with established or emerging standards on the street or adjacent neighbourhoods; and

Promote the retention of existing healthy, mature vegetation, including plants with special character or historical and cultural significance, during the land development process.


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1.3. Landscape Design Principles The following three landscape design principles provide a framework for landscape design

within the Smithers Downtown Development Permit Area.

1. Use locally appropriate plants & landscaping materials

Select plant material that is appropriate to local conditions. Plants should be hardy,

tolerant of the local climate and maintain visual interest throughout the seasons. Plants

and materials that attract undesirable urban wildlife, including bear and moose, should be

avoided. Landscaping materials should capable of withstanding Smithers’ winters and

locally sourced where possible.

2. Take advantage of existing vegetation

Wherever possible, incorporate existing trees and significant vegetation into landscape

designs. Where removals are necessary, replacement with comparable species or those

better suited to the local environment or landscape function should be a priority.

3. Maximize landscape efficiency

Landscapes should be sustainable and maintainable. Long‐term operation and maintenance

costs and commitments should be factored into design. Landscapes should be designed to

serve functional purposes in a pedestrian‐oriented urban environment, including traffic

separation, screening and green infrastructure.

1.4. Landscape Design Guidelines Overview

These Landscape Design Guidelines apply to all landscape areas within the Smithers

Downtown Development Permit Area (refer to Map 1: Downtown Development Permit Area

in Appendix F). Landscape design in these areas should be in accordance with the guidelines

set out in this document.

This document outlines general landscape design guidelines (see Section 2.1), as well as

specific guidelines for each of the following five landscape types that exist within the Smithers

Downtown Development Permit Area (see Sections 2.2 to 2.6):

Parking Lots

Boulevards

Commercial/Mix‐use

Multi‐Family

Public Spaces

Landscape Design Submission Checklist, Plant and Landscape Materials information,

Landscape Maintenance information, Plant Lists, Planting Details, Irrigation Design Guidelines

and reference Maps are included in the accompanying Downtown Smithers Landscape

Design Guidelines Appendices Toolbox.


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2. LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES

2.1. General Landscape Design The strategies and guidelines outlined in this section apply to all landscape areas within the

Smithers Downtown Development Permit Area. This section includes two components:

Landscape Design Strategies – Strategies include ideas, design factors and best practices that should be considered when developing landscape designs.

Landscape Design Guidelines – Guidelines are conditions that should be achieved when developing landscape designs.

Landscape Design Strategies Complete a site analysis and relate landscapes functionally and aesthetically to the

context in which they are placed, considering:

o Existing and proposed land uses; o Utilities; o Drainage infrastructure; o Terrain and drainage patterns; o Views; o Solar aspect, prevailing winds and microclimate conditions; o Existing and adjacent plant and landscape materials; o Roads, driveways, cycle and pedestrian patterns; o Public use; and o Other site specific elements.

Promote accessibility as it relates to pedestrians, cyclists and people with limited physical or visual abilities.

Consider the multi‐functional role of landscape plants when selecting species. Plant functions and characteristics that should be considered include:

o Aesthetic values and seasonal interest; o Screening/visual buffering qualities; o Barrier/limitation to trespass; o Soil stabilization; o Ground coverage and weed suppression; o Infiltration capabilities; o Shading, temperature mitigation and microclimate creation; o Treatment of pollutants and uptake of nutrients; and o Wildlife habitat.

Design for cost effective maintenance methods and practices.

Accommodate snow clearing operations and design for onsite snow storage where surrounding land uses require.


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Consider design features and layouts that minimize the opportunity for crime and undesirable behaviour, including:

o Ensuring key sightlines remain open and clear to support the concept of “eyes on the street” (refer to Figure 1: Illustration of Sightlines);

o Providing passive surveillance of landscape, especially in proximity to building points of entry;

o Maintaining trees to eliminate low branching (less than 2.0m off of ground); o Avoiding solid hedges or vegetation that limit visibility between 0.9m and 2.0m

(standard eye‐level) [refer to Figure 1: Illustration of Sightlines]; o Avoiding creation of places for hiding or concealment within landscape

screening or fencing; o Using the least sight‐limiting fence or screen (e.g. low or transparent)

appropriate for the situation.

THIS – Visual Access NOT THIS – Visual Barrier

Figure 1: Illustration of Sightlines


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Landscape Design Guidelines

Plant Material 2.1.1. Retain and protect existing trees, vegetation and native soils, provided they are

healthy, appropriate to street character and do not unduly compromise proposed land uses. Prioritize the integration of existing vegetation into new landscape areas wherever possible.

2.1.2. Select plant material that is suitable to the growing conditions of landscape areas and meets the following considerations:

Use species that are:

o Cold hardy (refer to Table 1: Master Plan List in Appendix C); o Drought tolerant (refer to Table 2: Recommended Plants for Drought

Tolerance in Appendix C); and o Salt tolerant (refer to Table 3: Recommended Plants for Salt Tolerance in

Appendix C).

Select plants appropriate to the nature of a specific site including:

o Sun and shade; o Reflection and heat island effects; o Soil volume availability; and o Slope, terrain and drainage.

Incorporate a variety of deciduous and coniferous plants that provide year‐round interest, texture, shape and seasonal colour (Refer to Table 4: Recommended Plants for Winter Interest in Appendix C);

Use a diverse plant palette to support pest management control, create habitat and cover and reduce susceptibility of the landscape to pest infestations and disease.

2.1.3. Create a landscape that is visually appealing year‐round by:

Incorporating deciduous and evergreen plant materials;

Considering the sequence and composition of flowering, fruiting and fall colour in the landscape;

Using a variety of plant textures including fine and coarse leaves and needles;

Selecting plants with fall colour;

Selecting plants with winter interest including (refer to Table 4: Recommended Plants for Winter Interest in Appendix C):

o Conifers and broadleaf evergreens; o Plants with unique bark; o Plants with persistent leaves or winter berries; and o Plants with fine branching patterns and good form.

2.1.4. Be consistent in plant placement, spacing and size. Incorporate mass groupings, repeated plant groupings, materials and/or design elements to create a unified character. Plants should be of uniform size if planted in a row or massing.


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2.1.5. Create multi‐tiered vegetation communities that support habitat creation. Plant communities should include a balance of upper, middle and lower story vegetation (refer to Figure 2: Illustration of Multi‐tiered Vegetation).

Figure 2: Illustration of Multi‐tiered Vegetation

2.1.6. Planting beds should be fully vegetated to minimize weed growth. Avoid sparsely placed vegetation (refer to Figure 3: Illustration of Fully‐vegetated planting beds).

Figure 3: Illustration of Fully‐vegetated planting beds

2.1.7. Create conditions that protect plantings, such as planting hardier plants as windbreaks for more sensitive plants.

NOT THIS – Sparsely‐vegetated planting beds

THIS – Fully‐vegetated planting beds


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2.1.8. In narrow planting areas, expand rooting zones of landscape areas under adjacent hard surfaces. Techniques may include the use of (refer to Figure 4: Illustration of Root Zones in Hard Surfaces):

o Continuous Planting Trenches (see Illustration B); o Structural soil (see Illustration C); and/or o Soil cells (see Illustration D).

Figure 4: Illustration of Root Zones in Hard Surfaces

2.1.9. Minimum sizes of new trees shall be:

Deciduous trees: Minimum 5.0cm caliper measured at 300mm above the rootball at time of planting, unless otherwise specified in Sections 2.2 to 2.6.

Coniferous trees: Minimum 2.5m height.

2.1.10. Trees should be planted at least 1.0m from road curbs and driveways. Trees are preferred to be planted at least 1.0m from sidewalks and other hard surfaces, except where narrow planting conditions preclude this distance (e.g. boulevards under 2.0m in width).

Illustration A: Tree Planting without Expanded Root Zone

Illustration B: Tree Planting in Continuous Planting Trench

Illustration C: Tree Planting in Structural Soil

Illustration D: Tree Planting with Soil Cells


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2.1.11. Soil volumes and tree heights for varying planting scenarios:

Scenario Minimum Soil Volume

Minimum Soil Depth

Mature Tree Size

No prominent constraints 9.0 cu.m 1.0m 9.0m or greater height

Limited planting zone (e.g. medians, boulevards, planters)

4.0 cu.m 1.0m 10.0m max. height

Overhead lines 4.0 cu.m 1.0m 7.7m max. height

Narrow spaces (e.g. adjacent to buildings, overhead lines, etc.)

4.0 cu.m 1.0m 5.0m max. spread

2.1.12. Street tree selection should be made with the following considerations:

Maintaining a diverse and varied street tree distribution across the downtown to minimize disease risks; and

Creating visual cohesiveness by using repeated species within urban blocks.

2.1.13. Specify trees that are tolerant of pruning to provide the following sightlines:

5.0m minimum branch clearance over portions of road with vehicle traffic;

2.0m minimum branch clearance at approaches to left turn lanes, driveways or pedestrian crosswalks; and

2.0m branch clearance over sidewalks.

2.1.14. Tree locations shall be coordinated with the location of light standards and other utilities.

2.1.15. Provide adequate access to landscape areas for maintenance equipment and personnel.

2.1.16. Recommended tree setbacks are as follows:

0.6m from underground street light conduit or irrigation main lines;

3.0m from other underground utilities;

6.0m from lamp standards;

3.0m from steel and wooden utility poles;

1.5m from driveways;

2.0m from adjacent private properties;

1.5m from catch basins;

3.0m from sewer service boxes;

2.0m from fire hydrants; and

7.0m road intersections.


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Snow 2.1.17. All landscape elements adjacent to areas which are subject to snow clearing by

machine should be designed to resist machine damage by incorporating durable ‐materials, rounded edges and eliminating unnecessary protrusions.

2.1.18. Landscape plant selection and design should identify snow piling areas that use landscape materials that will not by damaged by prolonged snow cover.

Irrigation 2.1.19. Install permanent irrigation systems in all vegetated landscape areas.

Site Furnishings & Paving 2.1.20. Selection of site furnishings should support a coordinated, cohesive character

throughout the downtown area and have an attractive, durable style and quality.

2.1.21. Polymetric sand joints should be used in all unit paver applications.

Stormwater Management 2.1.22. Where suitable, design for active, on‐site stormwater capture to reduce runoff

and pollutants entering the stormwater system. Stormwater management components could include (refer to Figure 5: Example images of stormwater management):

Swales (Images A & B);

Rain gardens (Images C & D);

Pervious paving materials (Image E); and/or

Sub‐surface stormwater storage and infiltration (Image F).

Image A: Street Swale Image B: Swale Image C: Raingarden

Image D: Rain Garden Image E: Pervious Paving Image F: Subsurface Storage (construction)

Figure 5: Example Images of stormwater management


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2.1.1. Where rainwater management techniques are employed, provide appropriate connections to sub‐surface storm systems for overflow during major storm events.


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2.2. Parking Lots

Landscape Purpose The intent of parking lot landscaping is to reduce

the visual impact of parked automobiles and large

expanses of paving through careful screening/

buffering of parking lots. The focus is to minimize

the visibility of parking lots from public rights‐of

ways, public open spaces and/or private residential

lots. Where possible, landscape design for parking

lots should integrate stormwater run‐off and

infiltration systems to reduce the impact of paved

surfaces.

Landscape Design Guidelines The following landscape design guidelines apply specifically to Parking Lots within the

Smithers Downtown Development Permit Area:

Plant Material 2.2.1. New deciduous trees should be minimum 6.0cm caliper measured at 300mm

above the rootball at the time of planting.

2.2.2. Perimeter landscape plantings around parking lots shall meet the requirements of the Town’s Zoning Bylaw.

2.2.3. The following table provides recommended tree planting ratios for parking lots with the Smithers Downtown Development Permit Area:

# of Parking Stalls Number of Trees Location of Trees

<8 Perimeter planting as required by Zoning Bylaw

Perimeter

8‐16 1 tree/4 parking stalls Perimeter or interior parking area

>16 1 tree/4 parking stalls Minimum 75% of required trees should be provided within interior parking area using parking islands

10 continuous spaces is the maximum number that can occur before a tree bed is proposed

Figure 6: Parking Lot


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2.2.4. Parking lot perimeter and interior landscape areas should be designed to meet the following guidelines:

Trees should be planted at least 1.5m from parking lot curbs where vehicle overhang damage could occur (refer to Figure 7: Illustration of vegetation setbacks from curb).

All other plant material, except sod or groundcover, should be set back a minimum of 0.6m from curbs where vehicle overhang and mechanical damage could occur (refer to Figure 7: Illustration of vegetation setbacks from curb).

Plant selections should withstand salt, snow clearing activities and drought conditions.

High branching, deciduous shade trees should be provided in parking lots with the purpose of providing shading and breaking up expanses of paving.

Figure 7: Illustration of vegetation setbacks from curb


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Views & Buffers 2.2.5. Plantings should be designed and located to screen undesirable views where

possible.

2.2.6. Screens and or fences shall be used in combination with plantings to create a buffer between parking and public spaces, residential and commercial uses and public streets (Refer to Figure 8: Example images of screens/fences).

Figure 8: Example images of screens/fences

2.2.7. Planting and screening should be carefully designed to not completely obscure views to and from the adjacent public spaces or create potential hiding locations.

2.2.8. Where sight distances are of concern (e.g. crosswalks, driveways, corners), plant material should provide a clear line of sight:

Shrubs should be below 1.0m in height; and

Trees should be able to be pruned so that the lowest branches are least 3.0m above ground level.

Refer to the Zoning Bylaw for requirements related to visibility at vehicle intersections.

Stormwater Management 2.2.9. Landscaped areas should be consolidated where possible, particularly in larger

parking lots, to enhance tree and plant material growing conditions and to allow for on‐site stormwater management opportunities.

2.2.10. Landscape Design should consider managing rainwater and snowmelt on‐site to encourage water infiltration and re‐use.

Image A: Metal rail fence & landscape Image B: Wood fence with interesting

details


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2.3. Boulevards Boulevards in the Smithers Downtown Development

Permit Area are divided into two classifications: 1)

Main Street Boulevards and 2) Secondary Street

Boulevards. (Refer to Map 2: Boulevard

Classification in Appendix F). Design guidelines differ

for each classification.

Landscape Purpose The intent of boulevard landscaping is to create an

aesthetically pleasing, pedestrian‐oriented

streetscape that reinforces the downtown streets as

important public spaces. Boulevards help calm

traffic, provide safety for pedestrians, allow for

rainwater management and support snow removal

in winter.

Landscape Design Guidelines The following landscape design guidelines apply to both Main Street and Secondary Street

Boulevards within the Smithers Downtown Development Permit Area:

General (All Boulevards):

Street Trees 2.3.1. Street tree selection should consider maintaining a diverse and varied street tree

distribution across the downtown to minimize disease risks. No one tree species should represent more than 20% of the total tree population within the Development Permit Area.

2.3.2. Boulevards should maintain visual cohesiveness by using repeated tree species through urban blocks; however, species shall vary between blocks to support species diversity (as stated in 2.3.1).

2.3.3. New deciduous trees should be minimum 6.0cm caliper measured at 300mm above the rootball at the time of planting.

2.3.4. All boulevard street trees should have:

A compact or upward branching structure;

The ability to withstand pruning for pedestrian, vehicle and/or building clearance without compromise to tree health or form; and

Appropriate character (refer to Table 5: Recommended Street Trees in Appendix C).

Figure 9: Boulevard


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2.3.5. Avoid tree species with the following characteristics:

Extensive shallow root systems that lift or damage pavements;

Excessive fruit, branches or very large leaves that create extensive litter; this should be tempered with the expectation that all trees produce some litter;

High levels of susceptibility to pests and/or diseases;

Low tolerance to pollutants, salt, sun exposure, drought, reflected heat from pavements, high winds, snow loading or limited root zone volumes; and

Weak branching structure that is susceptible to breakage.

2.3.6. Tree spacing should be designed to match existing tree spacing where appropriate in order to create a consistent rhythm.

2.3.7. Recommended spacing for street trees is outlined in the table below (refer to Table 1: Master Plant List in Appendix C for information about the spreads of recommended street trees).

Tree Type Typical Spread Recommended Spacing

Large Tree 7.0m – 9.0m 9.0m – 11.0m

Medium Tree 5.0m – 7.0m 8.0m – 10.0m

Small Tree 4.0m – 7.0m 8.0m – 10.0m

Columnar Tree 2.0m – 3.0m 6.0m – 8.0m

2.3.8. Root barriers should be installed at the time of planting whenever a tree is installed within 3.0m of a sidewalk or other hardscape feature (excluding roads).

2.3.9. Employ continuous tree pits wherever possible to maximize soil volumes for street trees (Refer to Figure 10: Illustration of continuous tree pits).

2.3.10. When selecting tree locations, consideration should be taken to preserve significant existing view corridors.

Plant Material 2.3.11. Plants should be selected for appropriate mature heights, widths and habits, and

arranged so as not to obstruct driver visibility or compromise pedestrian safety.

2.3.12. Preferred width for shrub or ground cover planting beds is 1.0m or greater. Minimum acceptable width should be 0.75m.

Figure 10: Continuous Tree Pit


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Site Furnishings 2.3.13. Site furnishings may be located within

boulevards but should not impede or encroach upon pedestrian or vehicle traffic.

Rainwater & Snow 2.3.14. Manage rainwater and snowmelt on‐

site with boulevard designs that encourage water infiltration and re‐use.

2.3.15. Design for onsite snow storage (refer to Figure 11: Example of boulevards used for snow storage).

2.3.16. Where possible, landscaped areas should be consolidated to enhance tree and plant material growing conditions and to allow for on‐site stormwater management opportunities.

2.3.17. Where suitable, design sites to actively direct stormwater runoff into planted boulevards, for onsite storage and irrigation of vegetation (refer to Figure 12: Example of stormwater storage within street boulevards).

2.3.18. Employ gently sloping sidewalks, trench drains, pipe inlets, curb inlets, bioswales, deep excavation and/or crushed stone storage reservoirs to manage stormwater.

Figure 12: Example of stormwater storage within street boulevards

Figure 11: Example of boulevards used for snow storage.


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Main Street Boulevards:

Street Trees 2.3.19. Existing main street boulevard trees identified as requiring replacement should be

removed and replaced with appropriate species as listed in the recommended planting list (refer to Table 5: Recommended Street Trees in Appendix C). Where possible and appropriate, species should be replaced with the same or similar trees, provided the species is appropriate in character, size and habit.

2.3.20. Street tree replacements should aim to maintain the current composition of evergreen and deciduous trees.

2.3.21. Street tree replacements may be placed in existing planters, new tree pits with decorative tree grates and/or new planting beds (refer to Figure 13: Example images of decorative tree grates).

Figure 13: Example images of decorative tree grates

Secondary Street Boulevards:

Street Trees 2.3.22. Where possible, street trees should be of a single species/cultivar on both sides of

the street within a given block.

2.3.23. Boulevards with street tree plantings should be a minimum width of 2.0m measured from face of curb, unless subsurface rooting zones are provided (see item 2.1.8).

2.3.24. New tree plantings shall be spaced appropriately from existing trees on the street or within adjacent private properties.

Grass Boulevards 2.3.25. Preferred width for grass boulevards is 2.0m or greater. Minimum acceptable

width should be 1.5m.

Image A: Image B: Image C: Concrete tree grate with lighting Unit pavers up to tree base Metal tree grate with planting at base


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2.4. Commercial/Mix‐use

Landscape Purpose The intent of commercial/mix‐use landscaping is

to soften the appearance of commercial/mix‐use

buildings and integrate them with the

surrounding landscape. Landscaping should be

used to break‐up and screen expansive blank

walls fronting public streets or public open spaces

and to improve the aesthetics and pedestrian

experience of the downtown area.

Landscape Design Guidelines The following landscape design guidelines apply specifically to Commercial/Mix‐use within the


Plant Material 2.4.1. Plantings should be sized proportionate to the scale/mass of the building (see

Figure 15: Landscape proportional to buildings).

Figure 15: Landscape proportional to buildings

2.4.2. Street trees in front of commercial/mix‐use may be placed in:

Tree pits with decorative metal tree grates or continuous unit pavers;

Planting beds; or

Existing or new planters.

Figure 14: Commercial/Mix‐use

NOT THIS – Disproportionate Landscape Plantings

THIS – Proportional Landscape Plantings


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2.4.3. Where suitable, building entries be emphasized with special plantings in conjunction with decorative paving and/or lighting (refer to Figure 16: Example image of paving and planters emphasizing building entry).

2.4.4. Preferred width for foundation plantings around buildings is 1.0m or greater. Minimum acceptable width should be 0.75m (refer to Figure 17: Example image of foundation landscape).

2.4.5. Consideration should be made so that foundation plantings do not obstruct retail display windows or encroach upon pedestrian sidewalks.

2.4.6. Each retailer may provide free standing or attached planters to the front facade of the building. Planters should contain perennials or small shrubs. Planters should not encroach upon or impede pedestrian traffic (refer to Figure 16: Example image of paving and planters emphasizing building entry).

2.4.7. Where possible, plantings should be clustered in areas to screen or buffer undesirable views.

Screens & Fences 2.4.8. Screens and/or trellises are

encouraged in combination with plantings to soften or break‐up expansive walls (refer to Figure 18: Example image of screening to break up expansive walls).

2.4.9. Screen fences or trellises should be consistent with the quality of building design and materials of the principal building.

Figure 16: Example image of paving and planters emphasizing building entrance

Figure 17: Example image of foundation landscape

Figure 18: Example image of screening to break up expansive walls.


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2.4.10. Consideration should be made so that loading areas that are visible from adjacent roadways or residential properties are screened from view by fences, screens and/or plantings (refer to Figure 19: Example image of screened loading dock). Screening or fencing should not impede manoeuvring required for loading/unloading.

2.4.11. No loading area screen or fence should exceed 2.4m in height.

2.4.12. Site refuse and recycling bins should have opaque screening from adjacent properties and streets (refer to Figure 20: Example image of opaque screening around refuse and recycling bins).

2.4.13. Screening around refuse and recycling bins should be a minimum of 2.0m in height and a maximum height that is equivalent to the height of the refuse or recycling bin.

Site Furnishings 2.4.14. Site furnishings are encouraged in commercial/mix‐use areas, but should not

impede or encroach upon pedestrian or vehicle traffic.

Pedestrian Movement 2.4.15. Provide unimpeded pedestrian movement from parking areas to sidewalks

wherever possible.

Figure 19: Example image of screened loading dock

Figure 20: Example image of opaque screening around refuse and recycling bins


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2.5. Multi‐Family

Landscape Purpose The intent of multi‐family landscaping is to provide

the appropriate transition between public and

private open space, to soften and embellish units,

to buffer units from noise and undesirable views

and to afford privacy to residents from adjacent

public spaces.

Landscape Design Guidelines The following landscape design guidelines apply

specifically to Multi‐Family landscapes within the


Trees 2.5.1. Trees should be provided in all new developments with the objectives of:

Breaking up expanses of parking;

Providing vertical relief to expanses of building; and

Providing shade, comfort and aesthetic value.

2.5.2. Location and height of trees should consider views and existing or proposed street tree locations.

Landscape 2.5.3. Portions of lots not covered by buildings, structures or parking should be fully

landscaped.

2.5.4. The use of landscape features to enhance and define gateways and entrances into multi‐family developments are encouraged.

2.5.5. Where feasible, encourage developments to provide visible green spaces and common areas including:

Common garden areas;

Play spaces;

Courtyards and gathering places; and

Walkways.

2.5.6. Where possible, a minimum of 40% of the front yard of multi‐family developments should be landscaped with plant material.

2.5.7. Of the front yard planted landscape area, sod should not be used for more than 70% of this area.

Figure 21: Multi‐Family Residential


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Stormwater Management 2.5.8. Where possible, landscaped areas should be consolidated to enhance tree and

plant material growing conditions and to allow for on‐site stormwater management opportunities.

Screens & Fences 2.5.9. Plantings, fences and retaining walls with visual interest (e.g. high quality metal or

wood fencing, stone or rock walls) are encouraged to provide privacy and separation between public and private spaces (see Figure 22: Example images of landscape and site features separating public and private spaces).

2.5.10. Outdoor utility areas such as garbage collection bins or utility kiosks should be effectively screened from view with a combination of fence, screen, wall and or plantings.

2.5.11. Screening around garbage collection bins or utility kiosks should be a minimum of 2.0m in height and a maximum height that is equivalent to the height of the refuse or recycling bin.

Lighting 2.5.12. Lighting should be provided in high‐use pedestrian areas. Consideration should

be given so that lighting design should avoid light trespass into adjacent interior spaces or generation of glare.

Figure 22: Example images of landscape and site features separating public and private spaces


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2.6. Public Spaces

Landscape Purpose The intent of public space landscaping is to create

varied and interesting open space that promotes

social interaction, ensures continuity of

pedestrian movement and accommodates a

range of uses and activities year‐round.

Landscape Design Guidelines The following landscape design guidelines apply

specifically to Public Spaces within the Smithers

Downtown Development Permit Area:

Views & Visibility 2.6.1. Visual access should be provided from public space to the street to signify the

public nature of the space, permit park users to watch street activity and promote safety.

2.6.2. Public space design should consider solar access during winter conditions.

2.6.3. Public space design should protect prominent or significant views.

Plant Material 2.6.4. Where possible, incorporate trees and structures to create microclimate zones,

creating a combination of:

Warm, sunny areas for winter use; and

Cool, shady areas for summer use.

Stormwater Management 2.6.5. Where possible, landscaped areas should be consolidated to enhance tree and

plant material growing conditions and to allow for on‐site stormwater management opportunities.

2.6.6. Prioritize management of rainwater and snowmelt on‐site with designs that encourage water infiltration and re‐use.

2.6.7. Where examples of stormwater management are developed in public spaces, consider incorporating educational information.

Site Furnishings 2.6.8. Public spaces should provide amenities such as benches, garbage receptacles,

bicycle stands, bollards and community notice boards.

2.6.9. Site furnishings should be located to avoid impeding pedestrian movement.

2.6.10. Incorporating value‐added elements to public spaces is encouraged. These elements include play opportunities, public art and space for vendors and kiosks.

Figure 23: Public Spaces


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2.6.11. Where suitable, provide space for seasonal programming events and informal gatherings.

2.6.12. Select and place waste receptacles with the following considerations:

Receptacles should be commodious and visible to encourage use;

Receptacle style should be attractive and should compliment other site amenities;

Placement of receptacles should be at a distance from fixed seating due to potential odour; and

Consideration should be given to waste receptacles that provide opportunities for diversion of waste streams (recycling, garbage, etc.).

2.6.13. Lighting should be provided in high‐use pedestrian areas. Where possible, lighting design should avoid light trespass into adjacent interior spaces or generation of glare.

Paving 2.6.14. Hard surface areas should incorporate decorative paving (see Figure 24: Example

images of decorative paving). Recommended paving materials include:

Concrete that incorporates scoring patterns, varied finishes and textures;

Accent paving or textural changes to break up large paving areas; and

Unit pavers – concrete, brick or stone.

2.6.15. It is recommended that the following paving scenarios be avoided:

Large areas of asphalt;

Coloured concrete or asphalt used with the intent of producing inexpensive replicas of other materials (e.g. cobblestone or brick); and

Large unbroken areas of broom‐finish concrete, without accent or texture changes.

Image A: Image B: Image C: Image D: Detail in Concrete Unit pavers with Focal point detail Concrete paving with unit paver accents accents

Figure 24: Example images of decorative paving


26

2.6.16. All paving materials should have smooth, slip‐resistant finishes that meet requirements for accessibility.

DOWNTOWN SMITHERS

Landscape Design Guidelines Appendices Toolbox

November 2012


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TABLE OF CONTENTS

Appendix A: Landscape Design Submission Checklist ........................................................................... 1

Appendix B: Plant & Landscape Materials ........................................................................................... 3

Appendix C: Plant Lists ...................................................................................................................... 13

Appendix D: Planting Details ............................................................................................................. 25

Appendix E: Irrigation Design Guidelines ........................................................................................... 35

Appendix F: Maps ............................................................................................................................. 37


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1

Appendix A: Landscape Design Submission Checklist

This guide offers information regarding the requirements of Landscape Design Submissions

for projects within the Smithers Downtown Development Permit Area.

1.1. Submission Checklist

Landscape designs submitted for development permit should meet the following

requirements:

Site Analysis Plan – The site analysis plan(s) will identify elements that impact landscape design, including:

o Adjacent land uses;

o Identification of existing utilities and infrastructure;

o Significant natural features;

o Existing terrain and drainage patterns;

o Existing vegetation;

o Significant views; and

o Solar and wind patterns.

Rendered Landscape Plan – The landscape plan(s) will show the overall arrangement and layout of the site including:

o Identification of all existing vegetation and indication of where existing vegetation will be retained or removed;

o Location and arrangement of all proposed new plant material;

o Plant schedule including proposed species, sizes, quantities and spacing;

o Proposed paving materials;

o Proposed site furnishings and structures including fencing, screening, furniture, etc;

o Proposed site lighting;

o Proposed stormwater and snow removal strategies; and

o Proposed irrigation strategy.

All plans should include:

o Scale;

o North Arrow;

o Date of Plan; and

o Title of Project.


2


3

Appendix B: Plant & Landscape Materials

1.1. Plant Material

A list of recommended plant species for landscape areas in the Smithers Downtown

Development Permit Area has been compiled and is provided as a resource and reference in

Appendix C. The species have been chosen based on their suitability and function for

particular conditions, ability to survive the local climate and availability in local nurseries or by

local suppliers. The landscape designer should use these lists as a guide, taking into

consideration the appropriate planting zone, the size of the planting area, the size of the plant

material at maturity, tolerances to drought, snow impacts or periodic inundation,

maintenance requirements and adaptability. The plant lists provided in Appendix C are not

exhaustive; the landscape designer may choose other plant species as long as it can be

demonstrated that the species is suitable to the environmental, physical and character

conditions of the proposed planting location.

The following plant lists have been compiled to reflect varying requirements of the five

identified landscape areas identified in the Landscape Design Guidelines – Parking Lots,

Boulevards, Commercial/Mix‐use, Multi‐Family and Public Spaces – and are located in

Appendix C:

Table 1: Master Plant List – Complete list of recommended plants for the Smithers Downtown Development Permit Area.

Table 2: Drought Tolerant Plants – Recommended plants for use in situations where water availability will be limited.

Table 3: Salt Tolerant Plants – Recommended plants for use in areas adjacent to roadways, parking areas and sidewalks where salt will enter the vegetation areas through runoff.

Table 4: Plants with Winter Interest – Recommended plants for creating seasonal interest during the winter months.

Table 5: Recommended Street Trees – Trees recommended for use in boulevards and medians.

* It should be recognized that not all the plant material presented in these lists will be appropriate in every application. There will be exceptions based on context. These lists serve to act as a reference or guide.


4

Plant Characteristics The plant lists in Appendix C describe the characteristics of each plant species to assist

designers with the selection of appropriate vegetation. Descriptions of these characteristics

are provided below:

Plant Type: Table 1: Categories of Plant Materials (below) desires the plant types included in the plant lists in Appendix C.

Table 1: Categories of Plant Materials

Plant Type Foliage Description Key Characteristics

Broadleaf Deciduous Tree

Leaf

Foliage is completely lost for part of the year

Woody main stem or trunk with distinct crown

Typically >4m high

Broadleaf Evergreen Tree

Leaf foliage

Foliage is retained year‐round


Typically >4m high

Coniferous Evergreen Tree

Needle foliage



Typically >4m high

Broadleaf Deciduous Shrub

Leaf


Woody plant with multiple stems

Typically <3m high

Broadleaf Evergreen Shrub

Leaf foliage



Typically <3m high

Coniferous Evergreen Shrub

Needle foliage



Typically <3m high

Deciduous Groundcover

Leaf


Woody plant with prostrate form

Typically <0.5m high

Broadleaf Evergreen Groundcover

Leaf foliage




Evergreen Groundcover

Needle foliage




Herbaceous Perennial

Leaf or grass foliage

Typically dies back to the ground annually

Non‐woody plant

Typically 0.25m to 2m high

Includes grasses, perennials, vines, etc.

Maximum Height/Spread at Maturity: Measurements are provided for the mature height and spread of a species. This information, along with the growth rate, assists in determining the spacing of plants within a proposed design.


5

Exposure: Plant species react differently to varying levels of sunlight and shade. Degree of exposure tolerated by different species are described in three groups:

o Full Sun – At least 6 full hours of direct sunlight per day.

o Part Sun – 3 to 6 hours of direct sunlight per day.

o Full Shade – No more than 3 hours of direct sunlight per day.

Drought Tolerance: The categories of Low, Moderate and High tolerance represent general categories of the drought tolerance of plant species. High represents the greatest ability for a plant to survive drought conditions.

Salt Tolerance: Few plants are truly halophytic or “salt‐loving”; salt‐tolerant plants typically accept temporary elevated salt levels until precipitation dilutes salt from the soil profile. The categories of Low, Moderate and High are indicative of the tolerance of plant species to salt exposure and/or uptake:

o Low Salt Tolerance – Plants should not be used in applications that will be receiving stormwater that is discharged from roads or parking lots on which road salt will be routinely used.

o Moderate Salt Tolerance – Plants may be used in landscapes that receive road runoff, but should not be in the line of salt spray, are not in locations for snow storage and do not sit at a low point where runoff will gather.

o High Salt Tolerance – Plants may be used in applications that are likely to receive road or parking lot runoff that routinely contains road salt.

Landscape Use: Describes the appropriate use of the plant in the landscape. Basic uses include:

o Accent Tree o Mass Planting

o Shade Tree o Landscape Feature

o Street Tree o Accent

o Small Accent Tree o Small Accent

o Parks o Vertical Accent

o Lawn o Border Planting

o Hedges/Screening o Foundation Planting

Aesthetic Attributes: Aesthetic attributes of plants include:

o Habit – General tendency of the plant to take a certain form or growth pattern (e.g. spreading, columnar, suckering, trailing, bushy, low‐growing, etc.)

o Plant Features – Significant flowers, fruit, foliage or bark.

o Fall Colour – Significant fall colours.

Other Information: Additional pertinent information that supports plant selection has been added under this heading.

Zone: Indicates the plant hardiness zone for each plant. Within Canada’s Hardiness Classification system, the coldest zone is 0 and the mildest zone is 9. The zone number indicates the coldest zone in which a plant can typically survive. Smithers is designated Zone 3 which includes plants that can average minimum temperatures between ‐40° to ‐34° Celsius. Microclimates can affect plant survival and can change these tolerances up to a zone.


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1.2. Landscape Materials

Growing Medium In the North, many landscaping problems are more closely connected to growing medium

quality than weather. Soil‐related problems in northern landscapes are related to lack of

organic matter and nutrients, notably nitrogen. Past glacial activity in the Smithers area

stripped off existing soils, and in Smithers’ short growing season and cool climate, organic

matter rebuilds very slowly. This contributes to the presence of low‐organic native soils.

Characteristics of Growing Medium The basic characteristics of growing medium should be analyzed as part of the landscape

design and installation process. The following descriptions provide an overview of soil

characteristics that should be considered for landscapes within the Smithers Downtown

Development Permit Area. Refer to Table 2: Recommended Growing Medium Properties

on p.7 for details on growing medium characteristics.

Soil Structure: Upper soil layers comprised of the organic (O horizon) and topsoil layer (A horizon) structure are formed by weathering and decomposition encompassing the presence of roots, earthworms, fungi, invertebrates and other organisms. The structure consists of pores that allow for infiltration and gas exchange, and contain the nutrients and water needed for plant growth. The soils that underlie topsoil are referred to as subsoil (B horizon) and parent material (C horizon). Where possible, sites should be designed to take advantage of existing topography and native soil horizons and avoid unnecessary grading and soil disturbance. Suitable growing medium should be provided to support healthy plant establishment and growth.

Soil Texture: The composition ratio of organic matter and relative components of mineral particles of different sizes determine the structure of soil. Generally, the types of soils encountered, include:

o Sandy soils – Contain relatively large particles that provide efficient drainage. Sandy soils are prone to periods of drought due to their inability to retain moisture.

o Silty soils – Dominated by finer‐sized particles. Silty soils are richer in nutrients than sandy soils and retain more moisture and can become more compacted, although to a lesser extent than clayey soils.

Figure 1: Soil Profile Diagram


7

o Clayey soils – Dominated by very fine particles. Clay soils hold more water and take longer to infiltrate water, resulting in poor drainage which can deprive plant roots of oxygen.

o Organic soils – Organic soils contain extensive quantities of humus and decayed matter. Soils which contain extensive organic matter generally oxidize over time and fertilize the lower soil horizons.

o Loam soils – Loams contain sand, silt and clay in well‐balanced proportions, as well as organic matter components. Loams are the most adaptable soils for growing the broadest range of plant species.

Soil Depth: Soil Depth can range from 5cm to 120cm depending on the application. Soil volume represents the three‐dimensional space available for plant roots and is especially important when planting trees in order to achieve healthy maturation. Landscape designs should provide soil depth requirements for landscape areas.

Drainage: Site soils with infiltration rates greater than 15mm/hr can be used as they exist. Where infiltration rates are lower, existing soils may need to be amended to improve soil infiltration properties.

Nutrients: The presence of the major soil nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium) determines fertility. Established soils with adequate moisture, healthy plant cover and diverse soil organisms tend to maintain a nutrient balance over time. Key nutrients in soils include:

o Nitrogen – Aids in the development of foliage;

o Phosphorus – Aids in root and flower development; and

o Potassium – Aids in the development of fruits and enhances resistance to disease.

o Micronutrients – Including zinc, iron, copper, manganese, nickel, boron, molybdenum and cobalt.

pH ‐ The level of pH indicates the acidity or alkalinity of the soil. While most plants do best in neutral soils, specific plants are adapted to more extreme pH levels. Amending the pH of soil is possible through the addition of organic or mineral amendments.

Recommended Growing Medium Properties

Growing medium proposed for installation in landscape areas should be submitted for soil analysis to an accredited commercial laboratory. Amendment recommendations by the laboratory should be the basis for acceptance of the growing medium.

Installed growing medium should be tested at construction completion to confirm that growing medium has been installed and amended per submitted sample and laboratory amendment requirements.

Table 2: Recommended Growing Medium Properties (below) provides recommended growing medium properties for landscapes within the Smithers Downtown Development Permit Area. This schedule has been adapted from the 2012 BC Landscape Standard (Growing Medium Nutrients and Texture, Section 6.2.7, p.8 & Table T‐6.3.5.3 Growing Media Level 2 – Groomed, Section 6, p.15). This information is provided for information only and site‐specific requirements should be identified on a project basis.


8

Table 2: Recommended Growing Medium Properties

Application: Low traffic Lawn Areas

High Traffic Lawn Areas

Planting Areas

Texture: Percent of Dry Weight of Total Growing Medium

Coarse Gravel:

Larger than 19mm

Smaller than 40mm

0% ‐ 1% 0% ‐ 1% 0% ‐ 1%

All Gravel:

Larger than 2mm

Smaller than 40mm

0% ‐ 5% 0% ‐ 5% 0% ‐ 5%

Percent of Dry Weight of Growing Medium Excluding Gravel

Sand:

Larger than 0.05mm

Smaller than 2mm

50% ‐ 70% 70% ‐ 90% 40% ‐ 80%

Silt:

Larger than 0.002mm

Smaller than 0.05mm

10% ‐ 25% 0% ‐ 15% 10% ‐ 25%

Clay:

Smaller than 0.002mm 0% ‐ 25% 0% ‐ 15% 0% ‐ 25%

Clay and Silt Combined: Maximum 35% Maximum 15% Maximum 35%

Organic Content: 3% ‐ 5% 3% ‐ 5% 15% ‐ 20%

Acidity (pH): 6.0 ‐ 7.0 6.0 ‐ 7.0 4.5 – 6.5

Nutrients:

pH Growing medium shall require not more than 0.5kg/m2 (0.10 lb/ft2) of dolomite lime to reach the required pH level

Salinity Saturation extract conductivity shall not exceed 3.0 milliohmns/cm at 25°C (77°F)

Boron Concentration in saturation extract shall not exceed 1.0ppm

Sodium Adsorption Ratio (SAR)

Calculated by analysis of the saturation extract shall not exceed 8.0

Total Nitrogen 0.2% to 0.6% by weight

Available Phosphorous 20 to 250 ppm

Available Potassium 50 to 1000 ppm

Carbon to Nitrogen Ratio Shall not exceed 40:1


9

Mulch Organic mulches have many benefits for the soil. They assist in reducing soil erosion, retain

moisture for the plant material, moderate soil temperature, prevent surface sealing and

suppress weed growth. The following recommendations should be considered when selecting

mulch for landscape areas:

Partially composted aged wood chips from spruce, pine or fir are recommended mulching materials as they contribute to a good humus layer, support weed suppression and support soil stability during runoff events.

Avoid the use of stone mulch for vegetated areas. While stone is a low maintenance surface treatment, it hinders the addition of plant matter and formation of topsoil, does not add the nutrient benefits of organic mulch and can contribute to for maintenance issues if it migrates into the soil.

Avoid the use of landscape fabric as a weed suppression technique because over time fabrics become clogged with sediment and subsequently reduce drainage.

Stone Stone or gravel can serve as a low maintenance decorative feature.

Where stone is used in the landscape, preference should be given to materials sourced from local quarries.


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1.3. Maintenance

Landscape maintenance is critical to the successful establishment and ongoing resilience of an

installed landscape. The following guidelines for maintenance should be incorporated in the

development of landscape designs.

Landscape Maintenance Period Landscape work should be guaranteed against all defects in material, equipment and

workmanship and maintained for one year from the date of Substantial Performance of the project overall, or completion of the landscape construction, whichever is later.

Guarantee should also cover repair of damage to any part of the premises resulting in leaks or other defects in material, equipment and workmanship relating to the landscape irrigation.

All landscape areas should be provided with establishment maintenance, including, but not limited to:

o Watering;

o Irrigation system operation and maintenance;

o Mowing of grass areas;

o Cultivating and weeding of planting beds;

o Fertilizing;

o Provision of mulching;

o Pest and disease control;

o Tree stabilization, hazard identification and pruning; and

o Litter removal.

The Town should be notified at the end of the Landscape Maintenance Period to provide inspection and acceptance of the landscape.

Plants or other landscape materials that fail during the Landscape Maintenance Period should be replaced by the contractor.

Replacement plants should be guaranteed for a further year after planting, with maintenance and replacements repeated until trees are provided that are acceptable to the Town at the end of the Landscape Maintenance Period.

The Owner’s landscape designer should submit a maintenance schedule at Substantial Performance. This schedule should include timing and requirements for all landscape maintenance activities during the establishment period (2 growing seasons).


11

Recommended Maintenance Schedule

Maintenance procedures for the Smithers Downtown Development Permit Area are intended

to care for all aspects of the landscape, both horticultural and non‐horticultural, including

plants, site features, hard surfaces and irrigation systems. A good maintenance program will

keep plant material healthy and thriving and the site clean and aesthetically pleasing.

Table 3: Recommended Maintenance Procedures & Frequencies (below) provides a

recommended schedule for maintenance for installed landscapes within the Smithers

Downtown Development Permit Area. This schedule has been adapted from the

2012 BC Landscape Standard (Maintenance Level 2 – Groomed, Section 14, p.39).

The maintenance provider should maintain a log of site maintenance visits and

activities completed at each visit.

* This schedule is provided for information only. Site‐specific schedules should be developed based

on the installed landscape and scale of the development.

Table 3: Recommended Maintenance Procedures & Frequencies

Recommended Procedure As Necessary

Procedure Recommended Monthly Schedule: Frequency:

J F M A M J J A S O N D

General:

Inspection Monthly

Litter Removal Monthly

Reporting Monthly

Soil Testing

Yearly during Establishment

Every 3 years after

Lawns:

Aerate Every 2 years

De‐thatch Every 2 years

Edge 2 times/growing season

Fertilize 3 times/year (based on soil test)

Lime Based on soil test

Mow 7‐10 day intervals

Pest Control As required

Repair As required

Reseed/Overseed As required


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Table 3: Recommended Maintenance Procedures & Frequencies

Recommended Procedure As Necessary

Procedure Recommended Monthly Schedule: Frequency:

J F M A M J J A S O N D

Trim Each time lawn is mown

Water 2‐3 times weekly (per local bylaws)

Weed Control Monthly

Trees/Shrubs:

Fertilize 3 times/year (based on soil test)

Mulch/Cultivate Biannually

Pest Control Weekly (as required)

Plant Replacements

As required

Prune As required

Transplant As required


Weed Control Bi‐weekly

Herbaceous Plants:

Cut back Grasses Annually in Fall

Bulb Planting Fall or spring (as required by type of bulb)

Annual Planting Spring

Dead Heading Bi‐weekly



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Appendix C: Plant Lists

Five plant lists have been developed for the Downtown Smithers Landscape Design

Guidelines:

Table 1: Master Plant List – Complete list of recommended plants for the Smithers Downtown Development Permit Area.

Table 2: Drought Tolerant Plants – Recommended plants for use in situations where water availability will be limited.

Table 3: Salt Tolerant Plants – Recommended plants for use in areas adjacent to roadways, parking areas and sidewalks where salt will enter the vegetation areas through runoff.

Table 4: Plants with Winter Interest – Recommended plants for creating seasonal interest during the winter months.

Table 5: Recommended Street Trees – Trees recommended for use in boulevards and medians.

* It should be recognized that not all the plant material presented in these lists will be appropriate in every application. There will be exceptions based on context. These lists serve to act as a reference or guide.


14

Table 1: Master Plant List

Abbreviations:BDT: Broadleaf Deciduous Tree FS: Full SunBET: Broadleaf Evergreen Tree PS: Part SunCET: Coniferous Evergreen Tree S: ShadeBDS: Broadleaf Deciduous Shrub L: LowBES: Broadleaf Evergreen Shrub M: ModerateCES: Coniferous Evergreen Shrub H: HighBDG: Broadleaf Deciduous GroundcoverHP: Herbaceous PerennialCEG: Coniferous Evergreen GroundcoverBEG: Broadleaf Evergreen GroundcoverBDV: Broadleaf Deciduous Vine

Scientific Name Common Name Type Max. Height

/Spread

Light

Condition

Drought

Tolerance

Salt

Tolerance

Landscape Use Maintenance

Level

Aesthetic Attributes Notes Zone

Acer x freemanii 'Jeffersred' Autumn Blaze Freeman Maple BDT 12m/9m FS M L‐M Accent Tree, Shade Tree L Outstanding red fall colour, rapid growth, dense‐oval shape. Tolerant of alkaline, acidic, and wet & dry soil conditions. 3

Acer x freemanii 'Sienna' Sienna Glen Maple BDT 12m/7.5m FS M L‐M Accent Tree, Shade Tree L Outstanding red fall colour, pyramidal ‐oval shape. Tolerant of alkaline, acidic, and wet & dry soil conditions. 3

Acer ginnala Amur Maple BDT 5m/3m FS M‐H Accent Tree, Hedges/Screening Yellow/white fragrant flwrs in spring. Prefers slightly acidic soil. 3

Acer ginnala 'Flame' Flame Amur Maple BDT 5m/3m FS M‐H Mass Planting, Hedges/Screening Red fruit in summer. Hardy & adaptable. 3

Acer saccharinum 'Kenora' Kenora Silver Maple BDT 12m/5m FS M L‐M Parks, Street Trees, Shade Tree Attractive green lobed foliage with silvery underside. Hardy, wet & dry landscape areas. 3

Acer saccharinum 'Silver Cloud' Silver Cloud Maple BDT 12m/5m FS M L‐M Parks, Street Trees, Shade Tree Showy flowers, attractive foliage & fall colour. Improved hardiness, wet & dry landscape areas. 3

Acer tataricum 'GarAnn' Hot Wings Tatarian Maple BDT 5.5m/3.5m FS‐PS M‐H Accent Tree, Hedges/Screening L Blazing red sumaras, fiery fall colour. More tolerant of drought than Amur Maple. 3

Betula papyifera Paper Birch BDT 15m/9m FS‐PS M‐L M‐H Accent Tree, Shade Tree L Bright golden fall colour, peeling white bark. Needs adequate moisture & well‐drained soils. 3

Betula papyifera 'Varen' Prairie Dream Paper Birch BDT 10m/6m FS M‐H M‐H Accent Tree, Shade Tree L Bright golden fall colour, peeling white bark. Stress tolerant selection, bark is a great winter feature. 3

Betula pendula 'Laciniata' Cutleaf Weeping Birch BDT 10m/6m FS M‐L Accent Tree, Parks, Lawn Delicate cutleaf foliage, bright yellow fall colour. Thrives with extra moisture. 3

Betula pendula 'Youngii' Young's Weeping Birch BDT 5m/4m FS M‐L Landscape Feature, Topiary Graceful weeping habit, bright yellow fall colour. Shouldn't be aloud to dry out. 3

Betula platyphylla 'Dakota Pinnacle' Dakota Pinnacle Birch BDT 8m/2.5m FS‐PS M‐H Vertical Accent L Columnar habit, smooth white bark. Insect resistant and drought tolerant. 3

Celtis occidentalis Hackberry BDT 15m/6m FS M‐H Shade Tree, Erosion Control, Parks Attracts butterflies & hummingbirds. Drought tolerant & adaptable to most conditions. 3

Crataegus x mordenensis 'Snowbird' Snowbird Hawthorne BDT 6m/6m FS‐PS M Accent, Shade, Border L Double white clusters of flowers. Very cold hardy. 5

Crataegus x mordenensis 'Toba' Toba Hawthorne BDT 6m/6m FS‐PS M Accent, Border Fragrant double flower clusters, small red fruit in fall. 5

Fraxinus americana 'Calypso' Calypso American Ash BDT 15m/6m FS M M‐H Vertical Accent, Shade Tree Dark shades of purple foliage in fall. 3

Fraxinus x 'Northern Treasure' Northern Treasure Ash BDT 15m‐9m FS M Parks, Street Trees, Shade Tree Upright form, golden fall colour. Seedless selection. Cold hardy and disease resistant. 2

Fraxinus pennsylvanica 'Heuver' Foothills Green Ash BDT 13m‐6m FS M L‐M Parks, Street Trees, Shade Tree Attractive yellow fall colour. Seddless selection. Superior hardiness & form. 3

Malus x 'Jetstar' Starlite Crabapple BDT 5m/5m FS M Small Accent Tree L Fragrant, white flowers. Small red fruit retained into winter. 3

Malus x 'Makamik' Makamik Crabapple BDT 7m/5m FS M Accent Tree Semi‐double rosy red flowers. Very hardy, dense rounded crown. 3

Malus x 'Pink Spires' Pink Spires Crabapple BDT 5m/5m FS M Border Plant or Screen Showy lavender pink flowers in spring. Upright, narrow, well‐branched, flowering tree. 3

Malus x 'Radiant' Radiant Crabapple BDT 5m/5m FS M Small Accent Tree Deep pink flowers in spring. Compact symetrical growth. 3

Malus x 'Rudolph' Rudolph Crabapple BDT 5m/5m FS M Small Accent Tree, Small Street Tree Showy reddish pink spring flowers. Upright, symmetrical rounded tree. 3

Malus x 'Shaughnessy Cohen' Shaughnessy Cohen Crabapple BDT 5m/5m FS M Small Accent Tree Bright reddish coloured foliage, large fuchsia pink flowers. Uniform rounded form. 3

Malus x 'Spring Snow' Spring Snow Crabapple BDT 7m/5m FS M Accent Tree Fragrant, white flowers. Features no fruit development. 3

Malus x 'Thunderchild' Thunderchild Crabapple BDT 5m/5m FS M Small Accent Tree Purple foliage & delicate pink flowers in spring. Reliable performer, resistant to fireblight. 3

Populus x acuminata Lanceleaf Poplar BDT 10m/5m FS L M‐H Shade Tree, Mass Planting, Parks Long glossy dark green leaves with a light underside. Good for land reclamation 3

Populus angustifolia Narrowleaf Poplar BDT 15m/6m FS L M‐H Shade Tree, Parks, Specimen Tree Narrow willow like leaves, ascending branches. Prefers moist conditions. 3

Populus tremula 'Erecta' Swedish Columnar Aspen BDT 12m/2m FS‐PS M Screens, Vertical Accents Orange‐yellow fall colour. Fast growing , narrow , columnar poplar. 2

Populus tremuloides Quaking Aspen BDT 15m/6m FS‐PS M Parks, Shade tree, Reclamation Sites Small rounded leaves, deep yellow‐orange fall colour. 3

Prunus Nigra 'Princess Kay' Princess Kay Plum BDT 5m/2m FS M Small Accent, Specimen Tree Double snow‐white spring blossoms. 3

Quercus macrocarpa Burr Oak BDT 12m/8m FS M‐H M‐H Shade Tree M Hardy, drought tolerant, long lived. 2

Sorbus aucuparia European Mt. Ash BDT 9m/6m FS M‐L Parks, Small Street Tree, Specimen Orange‐red ornamental berries persist over winter. Prefers moist, well‐drained soils. 3

Sorbus aucuparia 'Cardinal Royal' Cardinal Royal Mt. Ash BDT 9m/6m FS M‐L Parks, Small Street Tree, Specimen Abundant clusters of red berries after spring flowers. Prefers moist, well‐drained soils. 3

Sorbus aucuparia 'Fastigiata' Pyramidal Mt. Ash BDT 5m/2m FS M‐L Specimen, Small Accent Small orange‐red berries form in fall. Very slow growing. Attracts birds. 3

Syringa reticulata Japanese Tree Lilac BDT 6m/6m FS M Accent, Shade Tree L Upright panicles of creamy white flowers in early summer. Excellent disease resistance. 3

Syringa reticulata 'Ivory Silk' Ivory Silk Tree Lilac BDT 6m/5m FS M Accent Tree L Very showy creamy white flowers in early summer. Excellent disease resistance. 3

Tilia americana 'Duros' True North American Linden BDT 10m/5m FS M Parks, Shade Tree, Street Tree L Very showy creamy white flowers in early summer. Excellent disease resistance. 2

Tilia cordata 'Greenspire' Greenspire Linden BDT 8m/6.7m FS M‐H Vertical Accent, Shade Tree, Street Tree L Heart‐shaped leaves turn an outstanding gold in the fall. Tidy, low maintenance, and adaptable. 3

Tilia flavescens 'Dropmore' Dropmore Linden BDT 7.5m/5.5m FS M Vertical Accent, Shade Tree L Subtle clusters of fragrant yellow flowers in summer. Hardiest of lindens. 3

Tilia mongolica 'Harvest Gold' Harvest Gold Linden BDT 10m/6m FS M Specimen, Shade Tree L Exfoliating bark, golden buds & golden yellow fall colour. 3

Acer ginnala 'Bailey Compact' Bailey Compact Amur Maple BDS 3m/2m FS M Accent Border, Hedge/Screen Foliage vivid orange to scarlet fall colour. 3

Amelanchier alnifolia 'Obelisk' Standing Ovation Serviceberry BDS 5m/1.5m FS M Accent, Border, Mass Planting White flowers in spring turn into edible berries in June. Slender habit. 3

Amelanchier alnifolia 'Thiessen' Thiessen Saskatoon BDS 4.5m/2.4m FS/PS M Border, Mass Planting, Erosion Control L White flowers from early to mid spring. Versatile shrub for edible landscapes. 3

Caragana arborescens 'Lorbergii' Fernleaf Caragana BDS 5m/2.5m FS M‐H M‐H Accent, Container, Dry Areas Feathery fern like light green foliage. Very hardy & drought tolerant. 3

Caragana arborescens 'Pendula' Weeping Caragana BDS 2.5m/1m FS M M‐H Accent, Topiary, Container, Dry Areas Weeping, yellow pea shaped flowers in summer. Drought tolerant once established. 3

Caragana arborescens 'Sutherland' Sutherland Caragana BDS 5m/2.5m FS M‐H M‐H Vertical Accent, Hedge, Barrier Bright yellow fall colour. Single or multi‐stem, drought tolerant. 3

Cornus alba 'Argenteo‐Marginata' Silver Variegated Dogwood BDS 2m/2m FS M Border, Foundation L Bright red branches give good winter accent color. Attracts butterflies. 3

Cornus alba 'Bailhalo' Ivory Halo Dogwood BDS 1m/1m FS/PS M Border, Mass Planting, Foundation L Attractive white‐variegated green foliage. Good winter interest. 3

Cornus alba 'Bud's Yellow' Bud's Yellow Dogwood BDS 2m/2m FS M Border, Mass Planting, Foundation L Distinct yellow twigs provide interesting winter colour. Attracts birds in winter. 3

Downtown Smithers Landscape Design Guidelines Master Plant List

SPECIES

Deciduous Trees

Deciduous Shrubs

PLANT CHARACTERISTICS

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Light

Condition

Drought

Tolerance

Salt

Tolerance


Level


SPECIES PLANT CHARACTERISTICS

Cornus alba 'Elegan ssima' Elegantissima Dogwood BDS 1.8m/1.8 FS/PS M Accent Border, Hedge/Screen L Bright red branches give good winter accent color. Hardiest of the variegated shrubs for garden use. 3

Cornus alba 'Sibirica Siberian Dogwood BDS 1.8m/2.4m FS/PS M Mass Planting, Hedge/Screen L Features showy blue fruit. Coral‐red stems in winter. Vigorous grower, shade tolerant. 3

Cornus sericea Red Osier Dogwood BDS 3m/3m FS/PS M Border, Mass Planting, Foundation L White flowers in summer, bluish white berries in fall. Native shrub, attracts birds in winter. 3

Cornus sericea 'Kelseyi' Kelsey Dwarf Dogwood BDS .9m/.9m FS/PS M Mass Planting L Green foliage throughout season, turn brick red in fall. Valued for its dense, closed habit of growth. 3

Cornus stolonifera 'Farrow' Arctic Fire Dogwood BDS 1.2m/.9m FS/PS M Mass Planting, Hedge/Screen, Naturalizing L Dark red winter twigs. Nonsuckering habit. 3

Cotoneaster lucidus Hedge Cotoneaster BDS 2m/2m FS/PS M Mass Planting, Hedge/Screen Dense glossy green foliage. Attractive Orange fall colour. Takes heavy pruning. Hardy. 3

Diervilla lonicera Dwarf Bush Honeysuckle BDS 1m/1m FS H M‐H Mass Planting, Foundation Bronzy green foliage changes to a red color for fall. Very hardy, insect and disease resistant. 3

Euonymus alatus 'Compactus' Compact Burning Bush BDS .9m/.9m FS/PS M Accent, Mass Planting, Hedge/Screen L Long‐lasting brilliant red fall foliage. Low maintenance shrub, pruned at anytime. 3

Hippophae rhamnoides Sea Buckthorn BDS 5m/4m FS H H Accent, Mass Planting, Hedge/Screen Silver foliage all season long, orange berries in fall. Drought tolerant. 3

Hippophae rhamnoides 'Hikul' Hikul Sea Buckthorn BDS 1.5m/1.5m FS H H Accent, Mass Planting, Hedge/Screen Green leaves with a strong silvery shine. Salt tolerant, dwarf rounded dense form. 3

Hydrangea arborescens 'Annabelle' Annabelle Hydrangea BDS 1m/1m PS/S M‐L Mass Planting M Large ball‐shaped white flower heads in mid summer. 3

Hydrangea arborescens 'Invincibelle Spirit' Invincibelle Spirit Hydrangea BDS 1.2m/1.2m PS/S M‐L Mass Planting M Large ball‐shaped pink flower heads in mid summer. Attracts butterflies. 3

Lonicera tatarica 'Arnold Red' Arnold Red Honeysuckle BDS 2m/2m FS H Specimen, Trailing Fragrant dark red flowers in spring. Drought tolerant. Attracts birds. 3

Lonicera xylosteoides 'Clavey's Dwarf' Clavey's Dwarf Honeysuckle BDS 1.2m/1.2m FS H H Hedge, Foundation Creamy white blooms in summer and red berries in fall. Salt tolerant, shears well. 3

Lonicera xylosteoides 'Miniglobe' Miniglobe Honeysuckle BDS 1.2m/1.2m FS H Border, Hedge Hardy compact shrub with dense green foliage. Drought tolerant once established. 3

Philadelphus lewisii 'Blizzard' Blizzard Mockorange BDS 2m/1.2m FS/PS M Border, Hedge, Mass Planting L White, fragrant flowers in late spring to early summer. Very hardy. 3

Physocarpus opulifolius 'Centre Glow' Centre Glow Ninebark BDS 2m/2m FS M Border, Mass Planting, Hedge New yellow‐green foliage maturing to bright red. Best colour in full sun. 3

Physocarpus opulifolius 'Darts Gold' Dart's Gold Ninebark BDS 1.5m/1.5m FS M Border, Mass Planting, Hedge Compact rounded shrub with colourful attractive golden foliage. Tolerates a variety of soil conditions. 3

Physocarpus opulifolius 'Mindia' Coppertina Ninebark BDS 2m/2m FS M Border, Mass Planting Copper foliage in spring & transforms to red in summer. 3

Poten lla fru cosa 'Abbotswood' Abbotswood Potentilla BDS .9m/.9m FS M‐H Border, Foundation, Hedge L Large pure white flowers blooms from spring until fall. Medium textured blue green foliage turns yellow in fall. 3

Poten lla fru cosa 'Goldfinger' Goldfinger Potentilla BDS .9m/1.2m FS/PS M‐H Border, Foundation, Hedge L Large dark yellow flowers last all summer and fall. Ideal choice for a low‐water garden or xeriscape application. 3

Potentilla fruticosa 'Pink Beauty Pink Beauty Potentilla BDS .75m/.75m FS/PS M‐H Border, Foundation, Mass Planting L Semi‐double clear pink blooms from June until frost. 3

Poten lla fru cosa 'Red Ace' Red Ace Potentilla BDS .6m/.6m FS M‐H Border, Foundation, Mass Planting L Large, red flowers provide summer colour into fall. 3

Potentilla fruticosa 'Tangerine' Tangerine Potentilla BDS .9m/.9m FS M‐H Border, Foundation, Hedge L Orange tinged yellow blooms mellowing to yellow. Multipurpose shrub. 3

Prunus triloba 'Mul plex' Double Flowering Plum BDS 2.4m/2.4m FS M Accent, Mass Planting, Hedge/Screen L Fragrant pink flowers in early spring. One of the showiest of all garden shrubs when in bloom. 3

Rhus glabra 'Laciniata' Cutleaf Smooth Sumac BDS 1.5m/1.5m FS/PS M‐H Accent, Mass Planting, Naturalizing Fern‐like green foliage in summer turning a bright red in fall. Drought tolerant. 3

Rhus typhina Staghorn Sumac BDS 4m/4m FS M‐H H Border, Mass Planting M Clusters of red berries in late summer. Erosion control. 3

Ribes alpinum Alpine Current BDS 1.8m/1.8m FS/PS M‐H Mass Planting, Hedge/Screen M Small yellow flowers in spring, good fall color. Disease resistant shrub. 3

Ribes aureum Golden Flowering Current BDS 2m/2m FS/PS M‐H Border, Mass Planting, Hedge M Fragrant yellow spring blooms. Attracts hummingbirds. 3

Rosa ‐ Explorer Series (1997) Explorer Series Roses BDS FS M Border, Hedge, Barrier L All in this series are recommended. 3

Rosa Rugosa 'Blanc de Coubert' Blanc de Coubert Rose BDS 1.5m/1.5m FS M‐H H Border, Hedge, Barrier L Double white flowers and very fragrant licorice scent. Hardy rugosa type rose. 3

Rosa rugosa 'Hansa' Hansa Rose BDS 2m/1.5m FS M‐H H Border, Hedge, Barrier L Large double reddish‐purple flowers. 3

Salix brachycarpa 'Blue Fox' Blue Fox Willow BDS 1.2m/1.2m FS/PS M Mass Planting L Narrow unique, blue‐gray foliage on purple hued branches. Extremely hardy. 3

Salix integra 'Hakuro Nishiki' Hakuro Nishiki Tricolour Willow BDS 1.2m/1.2m FS L Border, Accent M Outstanding variegated foliage dappled green, pink and white. 3

Salix purpurea 'Gracilis' Dwarf Arctic Willow BDS 1.2m/1.2m FS M Mass Planting, Hedges/Screening M Bluish‐green foliage throughout the season. 3

Sambucus racemosa 'Sutherland' Sutherland Cutleaf Elder BDS 2m/2m FS/PS M Accent, Mass Planting, Hedges/Screen H Attractive yellow foliage throughout season, red berries. Adabtable to both dry and wet conditions. Resistant to leaf burn. 3

Sorbaria sorbifolia Ashleaf Spirea BDS 1m/1.8m FS/PS M Border, Mass Planting, Erosion control L Plumes of white blooms in spring. Great for difficult locations. 3

Sorbaria sorbifolia 'Sem' Sem False Spirea BDS .9m/1.2m FS/PS M Border, Mass Planting, Hedge M Foliage tinged with pink and white flower plumes in midsummer. 3

Spiraea trilobata 'Fairy Queen' Fairy Queen Spirea BDS .6m/.9m FS M Border, Hedge, Mass Planting M Profuse clusters of white flowers in late spring. Attracts hummingbirds & butterflies, deer resistant. 3

Spiraea x bumalda 'Anthony Waterer' Anthony Waterer Spirea BDG .6m/.9m FS M Border, Hedge, Mass planting L Fine textured bluish green foliage turns redish purple in fall. Attracts hummingbirds & butterflies, deer resistant. 3

Spiraea x bumalda 'Froebelii' Froebel Spirea BDG .6m/.9m FS M Border, Hedge, Mass planting L Dark green foliage has purplish tips. Flat bright pink flower clusters. Attracts hummingbirds & butterflies, deer resistant. 3

Symphoricarpos albus White Snowberry BDS 1.2m/1.2m FS/PS M Mass planting, Naturalizing M Large white berry clusters in fall provide colour into the winter Attracts wildlife. 3

Symphoricarpos x doorenbosii 'Kordes' Amethyst Coral Berry BDS 1.2m/.9m FS/PS M Border, Mass Planting, Hedge M Vivid deep purple‐pink late summer fruit. Autumn interest. 3

Syringa x prestoniae 'Miss Canada' Miss Canada Preston Lilac BDS 2m/2m FS M Foundation, Hedge M Fragrant bright rosy‐pink flower spikes in late spring. Very hardy. 3

Viburnum dentatum 'Christom' Blue Muffin Viburnum BDS 2m/1.2m FS/PS M Accent, Mass Planting, Hedge/Screen L Striking ornamental blue berries in early to late fall. Attractive to birds, reliable fall color. 3

Viburnum opulus 'Roseum' Snowball Viburnum BDS 2m/2m FS M Accent, Mass Planting M Double ball‐shaped white flowers in spring. The fruit can be messy in the landscape. 3

Viburnum opulus 'Compactum' Compact Snowball Viburnum BDS 1.2m/1.2m FS M Border, Hedge, Container M White clustered flowers in early spring. Showy red berries hold on through the winter. 3

Abies balsamea Balsam Fir CET 18m/11m FS/PS M L‐M Accent Tree, Shade Tree L Dark green foliage,smooth, gray, resin blistered bark. Main tree used for Christmas trees. Strongly scented. 3

Picea abies 'Christina' Christina Norway Spruce CET 8m/1.2m FS M H Vertical Accent Tree, Screening L Columnar form of Norway Spruce, short green needles. Salt Tolerant. 3

Picea abies 'Pendula' Weeping Norway Spruce CET 3m/1m FS M H Accent, Trailing M Dark green needled foliage and numerous woody cones. Salt & polluntion tolerant. 3

Picea glauca White Spruce CET 15m/6m FS M L Specimen, Mass Planting L Blunt needles are light grey‐green all year. Native, very hardy. 3

Picea pungens Colorado Spruce CET 14m/7m FS H H Specimen, Mass Planting L Pyramidal‐shaped with dark green/ blue needles. Drought tolerant & cold hardy. 3

Picea pungens 'Bakeri' Bakeri Spruce CET 10m/5m FS M Specimen, Mass Planting, Parks L Pyramidal‐shaped with silvery blue needles. Holds colour well even in cold climates. 3

Picea pungens 'Fat Albert' Fat Albert Spruce CET 12m/6m FS M Specimen, Mass Planting, Parks L Intense blue coloured foliage on perfectly shaped spruce. Excellent specimen. 3

Picea pungens 'Glauca' Colorado Blue Spruce CET 14m/7m FS H H Specimen, Mass Planting, Parks L Pyramidal‐shaped with silvery blue needles. Drought tolerant & very cold hardy. 3

Picea pungens 'Sester Dwarf' Sester Dwarf Blue Spruce CET 3m/1.5m FS M‐H Accent L Blue‐needled spruce, slow growing. More drought tolerant than other Picea. 3

Pinus cembra Swiss Stone Pine CET 15m/7m FS M Specimen L Needles are soft bluish green. Smooth bark. 3

Pinus nigra Austrian Pine CET 14m/7m FS H Specimen, Mass Planting, Parks L Long dense dark green needles. 3

Pinus ponderosa Ponderosa Pine CET 20m/7m FS H L Specimen, Mass Planting, Parks L Long green needles in bunches of three. Cinnamon brown bark stands out. 3

Pinus sylvestris Scotch Pine CET 14m/7m FS H Specimen, Mass Planting, Parks L Bluish‐green foliage. Durable, low maintenance tree. 3

Picea abies 'Nidiformis Birds Nest Spruce ECS 1m/1m FS/PS M‐H M‐H Accent, Border L Dense light green foliage. 3

Picea abies 'Little Gem' Little Gem Spruce ECS .6m/1m FS M‐H Border, Container L Dense, finely textured rich green needles. Prefers slightly acidic soil. 3

Picea pungens 'Glauca Globosa' Globe Blue Spruce CET 1.2m/2.5m FS M Specimen, Foundation M Dwarf globe‐shaped evergreen with silver‐blue foliage. 3

Pinus Mugo 'Mops' Mugo Pine ECS 12m/7.5m FS M L‐M Border, Mass Planting, Container L 3

Arctostaphylos uva‐ursi Kinnikinnick BEG .3m/.6m FS M Border, Container, Mass Planting L Small shiny leaves & pink bell‐shaped blooms in spring. Native. 3

Ground Covers

Evergreen Trees

Evergreen Shrubs

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Light

Condition

Drought

Tolerance

Salt

Tolerance


Level



Daphne cneorum Rose Daphne BEG .3m/.9m FS M Border, Container, Mass Planting L Fragrant showy rosy‐pink blooms in early spring. Prefers well drained soil. 3

Phlox subulata 'Red wing' Red Wing Moss Phlox HP .15m/.3m FS M‐H M‐H Border, Container, Mass Planting L Dark pink flowers with a red center bloom in spring. Evergreen, creeping growth habit. 3

Phlox subulata 'Snowflake' Snow Flake Moss Phlox HP .15m/.3m FS M‐H M‐H Border, Container, Mass Planting L Heavey blooms of pure white flowers. Evergreen, creeping growth habit. 3

Potentilla tridentata 'Nuuk' Nuuk Cinquefoil BDG .15m/.3m FS/PS M‐H Border, Foundation, Mass Planting L Glossy green foliage turning yellow‐red in fall. Native, hardy shrub, low forming mat. 3

Sedum acre 'Aureum' Stonecrop HP .05m/.4m FS/PS H M‐H Border, Mass Planting, Container L Yellow star‐shaped flowers from early to mid summer. Evergreen. 3

Sedum rupestre 'Angelina' Angelina Stonecrop HP .2m/.6m FS H M Border, Mass Planting, Container L Bright golden‐yellow needle‐like foliage. Evergreen. 3

Sedum spurium Dragon's Blood Stonecrop HP .1m/.4m FS H M Border, Mass Planting, Container L Rose star‐shaped flowers from early to mid summer. Foliage turns a gorgeous dark red in the fall. 3

Sedum 'Vera Jameson' Vera Jameson Stonecrop HP .15m/.4m FS H M Border, Mass Planting, Container L Succulent round leaves are bluish‐green in colour. Drought & salt tolerant. 3

Spiraea x bumalda 'Green Carpet' Green Carpet Spirea BDG .3m/.6m FS M Border, Foundation, Mass Planting L Pink clustered flowers cover plant in summer. Attracts hummingbirds & butterflies, deer resistant. 3

Spiraea x bumalda 'Golden Carpet' Golden Carpet Spirea BDG .3m/.6m FS M Border, Foundation, Mass Planting L Soft yellow foliage, intensifies to bright gold. Attracts hummingbirds & butterflies, deer resistant. 3

Spiraea x bumalda 'Sparking Carpet' Sparking Carpet Spirea BDG .3m/.6m FS M Border, Foundation, Mass Planting L Golden‐lime foliage with bronze‐tinged new growth. Attracts hummingbirds & butterflies, deer resistant. 3

Thymus praecox 'Elfin' Dwarf Creeping Thyme HP .15m/.3m FS H Border, Container, Mass Planting L Tiny leaves are fragrant when bruised. Drought tolerant. 3

Thymus pseudolanuginosus Wolly Thyme HP .15m/.6m FS H Border, Container, Mass Planting L Fuzzy silvery foliage, soft pink flowers in summer. Drought tolerant. 3

Thymus serphyllum 'Magic Carpet' Magic Carpet Thyme HP .15m/.6m FS H Border, Container, Mass Planting L Lilac pink flowers in summer. Drought tolerant. 3

Ac nidia kolmikta Combo Male & Female Kiwi BDV 3m/2m FS M Vine, Screening M Tri‐coloured pink, white and green leaves. Hardy vine. 3

Celastrus scandens 'Bailum' Autumn Revolution Bittersweet BDV 8m/2m FS H Vine, Screening M Orange‐red ornamental fruit, glossy dark green foliage. Drought tolerant, self‐pollinating. 3

Clema s 'Jackmanii' Jackmanii Clematis BDV 3m FS/PS M Vine, Screening M Violet purple flowers from summer to fall. Excellent for training on a trellis or wall. 3

Clematis tangutica Golden Clematis BDV 3m FS M Vine, Screening M Bell‐shaped bright yellow flowers from summer to fall. Very hardy, vigorous climber 3

Humulus lupulus 'Aureus' Golden Hops BDV 1m/4.5m FS M H Vine, Screening, Container H Golden foliage which fades to yellow‐green over summer. Tolerant of salt and urban conditions. 3

Lonicera brownii 'Dropmore Scarlet' Dropmore Scarlet Honeysuckle BDV 5m/2m FS M M Vine, Screening M Tubular orange‐red flowers bloom June to September. Fast growing climbing vine. 3

Lonicera 'Madarin' Madarin Honeysuckle BDV 5m/2m FS/PS M M Vine, Screening M Large clusters of madarin orange flowers in summer. Vigorous graowing. Attracts hummingbirds. 3

Parthenocissus quinquefolia Virginia Creeper BDV 6m/2m FS/PS H H Vine, Screening M Dark green foliage which emerges brick red in spring. Drought tolerant, very adaptable. 3

Andropogon scoparius 'Prairie Blues' Prairie Blues Lttle Bluestem HP .9m/.6m FS M‐H M Border, Mass Planting L Greyish blue thin ribbon‐like leaf blades. Reddish orange autumn color. 3

Calamagrostis acutiflora 'Karl Foerster' Karl Foerster Feather Reed Grass HP 1m/1.5m FS M‐H M‐H Border, Mass Planting L Maintains structure throughout winter. Cool season, clump forming. 3

Deschampsia caespitosa 'Bronzeschleier Bronze Veil Tufted Hair Grass HP .9m/.6m FS/PS M M‐H Border, Mass Planting L Very fine texture, semi‐evergreen. Grows in clumps. 3

Deschampsia caespitosa 'Goldgehange' Golden Pen. Tufted Hair Grass HP .7m/.6m FS/PS M M‐H Border, Mass Planting L Yellow‐golden inflorescence from spring to fall. Grows in clumps. 3

Festuca Glauca 'Elijah Blue' Elijah Blue Fescue HP .2m/.3m FS/PS H M Border, Mass Planting, Container L Rounded spiky growth habit and narrow pale blue foliage. Winter interest. 3

Helictotrichon sempervirens Blue Oat Grass HP .6m/.9m FS M‐H M Border, Mass Planting L Mounding blue‐grey grass. Suitable for formal plantings. 3

Leymus arenarius Blue Dune Lyme Grass HP .9m FS M‐H H Mass Planting L‐M Mounding blue‐grey grass. Salt & drought tolerant. 3

Achillea millefolium var. Yarrow HP varies FS H H Border, Mass Planting, Container L Large, flat flower heads. Drought & salt tolerant once established. 3

Achillea millefolium ' Paprika' Paprika Yarrow HP .6m/.9m FS H H Border, Mass Planting L Large, flat flower heads bloom throughout the summer. Attracts butterflies. 3

Alchemilla mollis Lady's Mantle HP .6m/.9m FS H H Border, Mass Planting, Container L Clustered yellow blossoms in loose sprays on long stems. Drought & salt tolerant once established. 3

Artemisia schmid ana 'Silver Mound' Silver Mound Artemisia HP .3m/.6m FS H M‐H Border, Mass Planting, Container L Low growing, compact, soft ferny silver gray foliage. Drought & salt tolerant once established. 3

Campanula var. Bellflower HP varies FS H M‐H Border, Mass Planting, Container L Drought & salt tolerant once established. 3

Campanula carpa ca 'Blue Clips' Blue Bellflower HP .15m/.3m FS H M‐H Border, Mass Planting, Container L Upfacing blue, bell‐shaped flowers. Drought & salt tolerant once established. 3

Digitalis purpurea var. Foxglove HP varies FS M M‐H Border, Mass Planting, Foundation L Basal foliage forms a compact clump. Salt tolerant. 4

Echinops x 'Arc c Glow' White Globe Thistle HP .9m/.9m FS H M‐L Border, Mass Planting L Round silvery white ball shaped flowers in late summer. Not a weedy thistle. 3

Eryngium planum 'Blue Hobbit' Blue Hobbit Sea Holly HP .9m/.6m FS H M‐H Border, Mass Planting, Container L Spiny, metallic blue flowers on silvery blue stems. Tolerant of hot, dry sites. 3

Gaillardia grandiflora 'Burgundy' Burgundy Blanket Flower HP .9m/.6m FS H M‐L Border, Mass Planting, Container L Deep red frilly flowers held on long stems above foliage. Drought tolerant, attracts butterflies. 3

Hemerocallis var. Varies HP varies FS H M‐H Border, Mass Planting, Container L Grassy clumps with flowers in summer. Drought & salt tolerant once established. 3

Hemerocallis 'Frans Hals' Frans Hals Daylily HP .6m/.9m FS M Border, Mass Planting L Bi‐color golden yellow and rusty orange flowers. Drought tolerant once established. 3

Hemerocallis 'Prairie Blue Eyes Prarie Blue Eyes Daylily HP .9m/.9m FS M‐H Border, Mass Planting L Grassy clumps with uniquely colored lavender flower. Drought tolerant once established. 3

Heuchera var. Coral Bells HP varies FS/PS M M‐H Border, Mass Planting, Container L Huge dusty pink flower heads in late summer. Mounding perennial, salt tolerant. 3

Heuchera sanguinea 'Bressingham Mix' Bressingham Mix Coral Bells HP .6m/.9m FS/PS M M‐H Border, Mass Planting, Container L Tall stems bearing a mix of pink, red or coral flowers. Mounding perennial, salt tolerant. 3

Penstemon barbatus 'Prairie Dusk' Prairie Dusk Beard Tongue HP .6m/.6m FS H M Border, Mass Planting L Strong stems of tubular purple flowers. Drought tolerant, attracts butterflies & himmingbirds. 3

Penstemon digitalis 'Husker Red' Husker Red Beard Tongue HP .9m/.6m FS/PS H M Border, Mass Planting L Red tinted leaves & clusters of tubular pink/ white flowers. Drought tolerant, attracts butterflies & himmingbirds. 3

Perovskia atriplicifolia Russian Sage HP .9m/1.2m FS/PS H M Border, Mass Planting L Fragrant foliage, blue flowers appear from summer to fall. Drought tolerant, attracts butterflies. 3

Salvia nemorosa 'May Night' May Night Salvia HP .6m/.6m FS H M‐H Border, Mass Planting, Container L Tall spikes of deep purple flowers bloom in summer. Drought tolerant, attracts butterflies & himmingbirds. 3

Salvia nemorosa 'Snow Hill' Snow Hill Salvia HP .6m/.6m FS H M‐H Border, Mass Planting, Container L Tall spikes of crisp white flowers bloom in summer. Drought tolerant. 3

Sedum spectabile 'Autumn Fire' Autumn Fire Stonecrop HP .6m/.6m FS H M Border, Mass Planting, Container L Huge dusty pink flower heads in late summer. Drought tolerant. 3

Stachys bryzantina Lamb's Ear HP .6m/.6m FS H M Border, mass Planting, Container L Wooly thick gray‐green leaves. Drought tolerant. 3

Vines

Perennials

Grasses

Page 3 of 3

Table 2: Recommended Plants for Drought Tolerance



/Spread

Light

Condition

Drought

Tolerance

Salt

Tolerance

Winter

Interest


Level


Deciduous Trees H H Y

Acer ginnala Amur Maple BDT 5m/3m FS M‐H Accent Tree, Hedges/Screening Yellow/white fragrant flwrs in spring. Prefers slightly acidic soil. 3

Acer ginnala 'Flame' Flame Amur Maple BDT 5m/3m FS M‐H Mass Planting, Hedges/Screening Red fruit in summer. Hardy & adaptable. 3

Acer tataricum 'GarAnn' Hot Wings Tatarian Maple BDT 5.5m/3.5m FS‐PS M‐H Accent Tree, Hedges/Screening L Blazing red sumaras, fiery fall colour. More tolerant of drought than Amur Maple. 3

Betula papyifera 'Varen' Prairie Dream Paper Birch BDT 10m/6m FS M‐H M‐H Y Accent Tree, Shade Tree L Bright golden fall colour, peeling white bark. Stress tolerant selection, bark is a great winter feature. 3

Betula platyphylla 'Dakota Pinnacle' Dakota Pinnacle Birch BDT 8m/2.5m FS‐PS M‐H Y Vertical Accent L Columnar habit, smooth white bark. Insect resistant and drought tolerant. 3

Celtis occidentalis Hackberry BDT 15m/6m FS M‐H Shade Tree, Erosion Control, Parks Attracts butterflies & hummingbirds. Drought tolerant & adaptable to most conditions. 3



Deciduous Shrubs H H Y





Lonicera tatarica 'Arnold Red' Arnold Red Honeysuckle BDS 2m/2m FS H Specimen, Trailing Fragrant dark red flowers in spring. Drought tolerant. Attracts birds. 3


Lonicera xylosteoides 'Miniglobe' Miniglobe Honeysuckle BDS 1.2m/1.2m FS H Border, Hedge Hardy compact shrub with dense green foliage. Drought tolerant once established. 3

Poten lla fru cosa 'Abbotswood' Abbotswood Potentilla BDS .9m/.9m FS M‐H Border, Foundation, Hedge L Large pure white flowers blooms from spring until fall. Medium textured blue green foliage turns yellow in fall. 3

Poten lla fru cosa 'Goldfinger' Goldfinger Potentilla BDS .9m/1.2m FS/PS M‐H Border, Foundation, Hedge L Large dark yellow flowers last all summer and fall. Ideal choice for a low‐water garden or xeriscape application. 3

Potentilla fruticosa 'Pink Beauty Pink Beauty Potentilla BDS .75m/.75m FS/PS M‐H Border, Foundation, Mass Planting L Semi‐double clear pink blooms from June until frost. 3

Poten lla fru cosa 'Red Ace' Red Ace Potentilla BDS .6m/.6m FS M‐H Border, Foundation, Mass Planting L Large, red flowers provide summer colour into fall. 3Potentilla fruticosa 'Tangerine' Tangerine Potentilla BDS .9m/.9m FS M‐H Border, Foundation, Hedge L Orange tinged yellow blooms mellowing to yellow. Multipurpose shrub. 3

Rhus glabra 'Laciniata' Cutleaf Smooth Sumac BDS 1.5m/1.5m FS/PS M‐H Accent, Mass Planting, Naturalizing Fern‐like green foliage in summer turning a bright red in fall. Drought tolerant. 3

Rhus typhina Staghorn Sumac BDS 4m/4m FS M‐H H Y Border, Mass Planting M Clusters of red berries in late summer. Erosion control. 3

Ribes alpinum Alpine Current BDS 1.8m/1.8m FS/PS M‐H Mass Planting, Hedge/Screen M Small yellow flowers in spring, good fall color. Disease resistant shrub. 3

Ribes aureum Golden Flowering Current BDS 2m/2m FS/PS M‐H Border, Mass Planting, Hedge M Fragrant yellow spring blooms. Attracts hummingbirds. 3

Rosa Rugosa 'Blanc de Coubert' Blanc de Coubert Rose BDS 1.5m/1.5m FS M‐H H Y Border, Hedge, Barrier L Double white flowers and very fragrant licorice scent. Hardy rugosa type rose. 3

Rosa rugosa 'Hansa' Hansa Rose BDS 2m/1.5m FS M‐H H Y Border, Hedge, Barrier L Large double reddish‐purple flowers. 3

Evergreen Trees H H Y

Juniperus scopulorum Rocky Mountain Juniper CET 3m/1.5m FS/PS H M Y Border, Hedge, Foundation L Narrowly pyramidal, dense, scale‐like, blue‐green foliage. An extremely durable, drought tolerant selection. 3

Picea pungens Colorado Spruce CET 14m/7m FS H H Y Specimen, Mass Planting L Pyramidal‐shaped with dark green/ blue needles. Drought tolerant & cold hardy. 3

Picea pungens 'Glauca' Colorado Blue Spruce CET 14m/7m FS H H y Specimen, Mass Planting, Parks L Pyramidal‐shaped with silvery blue needles. Drought tolerant & very cold hardy. 3

Picea pungens 'Sester Dwarf' Sester Dwarf Blue Spruce CET 3m/1.5m FS M‐H y Accent L Blue‐needled spruce, slow growing. More drought tolerant than other Picea. 3

Pinus aristata Bristlecone Pine CET 4m/2m FS H y Accent L Dark green, white‐flecked needles. Drought tolerant, slow growing native evergreen. 2

Pinus mugo 'Mughus' Mugo Pine CET 2m/2m FS H H y Specimen, Mass Planting, Border L Upright mounded shrubby Pine with dense green foliage. Very hardy. 3

Pinus nigra Austrian Pine CET 14m/7m FS H y Specimen, Mass Planting, Parks L Long dense dark green needles. 3

Pinus ponderosa Ponderosa Pine CET 20m/7m FS H L y Specimen, Mass Planting, Parks L Long green needles in bunches of three. Cinnamon brown bark stands out. 3

Pinus sylvestris Scotch Pine CET 14m/7m FS H y Specimen, Mass Planting, Parks L Bluish‐green foliage. Durable, low maintenance tree. 3

Evergreen Shrubs H H y

Juniperus communis Common Juniper CET .75m/1.5m FS H H y Border, Mass Planting, Specimen L Spiky, prickly blue‐green foliage, blue ornamental berries. Foliage takes on purple overtones in winter. 3

Juniperus communis 'Effusa' Effusa Juniper CET .3m/1.5m FS H H y Border, Mass Planting, Specimen L Deep green, silvery banded foliage. Excellent groundcover or in Mass Planting. 3

Juniperus horizontalis var. Creeping Juniper CET varies FS H H y Border, Mass Planting L Blue‐green foliage. Blue berry‐like fruits. 3

Juniperus sabina var. Savin Juniper CET varies FS H H y Foundation, Mass Planting, Hedge L Upright spreading branches of deep green foliage. Wind tolerant. 3

Picea abies 'Nidiformis Birds Nest Spruce CES 1m/1m FS/PS M‐H M‐H y Accent, Border L Dense light green foliage. 3

Picea abies 'Little Gem' Little Gem Spruce CES .6m/1m FS M‐H y Border, Container L Dense, finely textured rich green needles. Prefers slightly acidic soil. 3

Ground Covers H H y

Phlox subulata 'Red wing' Red Wing Moss Phlox HP .15m/.3m FS M‐H M‐H y Border, Container, Mass Planting L Dark pink flowers with a red center bloom in spring. Evergreen, creeping growth habit. 3

Phlox subulata 'Snowflake' Snow Flake Moss Phlox HP .15m/.3m FS M‐H M‐H y Border, Container, Mass Planting L Heavey blooms of pure white flowers. Evergreen, creeping growth habit. 3

Potentilla tridentata 'Nuuk' Nuuk Cinquefoil BDG .15m/.3m FS/PS M‐H Border, Foundation, Mass Planting L Glossy green foliage turning yellow‐red in fall. Native, hardy shrub, low forming mat. 3

Sedum acre 'Aureum' Stonecrop HP .05m/.4m FS/PS H M‐H y Border, Mass Planting, Container L Yellow star‐shaped flowers from early to mid summer. Evergreen. 3

Sedum rupestre 'Angelina' Angelina Stonecrop HP .2m/.6m FS H M y Border, Mass Planting, Container L Bright golden‐yellow needle‐like foliage. Evergreen. 3

Sedum spurium Dragon's Blood Stonecrop HP .1m/.4m FS H M Border, Mass Planting, Container L Rose star‐shaped flowers from early to mid summer. Foliage turns a gorgeous dark red in the fall. 3

Downtown Smithers Landscape Design Guidelines


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Sedum 'Vera Jameson' Vera Jameson Stonecrop HP .15m/.4m FS H M Border, Mass Planting, Container L Succulent round leaves are bluish‐green in colour. Drought & salt tolerant. 3

Thymus praecox 'Elfin' Dwarf Creeping Thyme HP .15m/.3m FS H Border, Container, Mass Planting L Tiny leaves are fragrant when bruised. Drought tolerant. 3

Thymus pseudolanuginosus Wolly Thyme HP .15m/.6m FS H Border, Container, Mass Planting L Fuzzy silvery foliage, soft pink flowers in summer. Drought tolerant. 3

Thymus serphyllum 'Magic Carpet' Magic Carpet Thyme HP .15m/.6m FS H Border, Container, Mass Planting L Lilac pink flowers in summer. Drought tolerant. 3

Vines H H

Celastrus scandens 'Bailum' Autumn Revolution Bittersweet BDV 8m/2m FS H Vine, Screening M Orange‐red ornamental fruit, glossy dark green foliage. Drought tolerant, self‐pollinating. 3


Grasses H H y

Andropogon scoparius 'Prairie Blues' Prairie Blues Lttle Bluestem HP .9m/.6m FS M‐H M y Border, Mass Planting L Greyish blue thin ribbon‐like leaf blades. Reddish orange autumn color. 3

Calamagrostis acutiflora 'Karl Foerster' Karl Foerster Feather Reed Grass HP 1m/1.5m FS M‐H M‐H y Border, Mass Planting L Maintains structure throughout winter. Cool season, clump forming. 3

Festuca Glauca 'Elijah Blue' Elijah Blue Fescue HP .2m/.3m FS/PS H M y Border, Mass Planting, Container L Rounded spiky growth habit and narrow pale blue foliage. Winter interest. 3

Helictotrichon sempervirens Blue Oat Grass HP .6m/.9m FS M‐H M y Border, Mass Planting L Mounding blue‐grey grass. Suitable for formal plantings. 3

Leymus arenarius Blue Dune Lyme Grass HP .9m FS M‐H H y Mass Planting L‐M Mounding blue‐grey grass. Salt & drought tolerant. 3

Perennials H H







Echinops x 'Arc c Glow' White Globe Thistle HP .9m/.9m FS H M‐L Border, Mass Planting L Round silvery white ball shaped flowers in late summer. Not a weedy thistle. 3


Gaillardia grandiflora 'Burgundy' Burgundy Blanket Flower HP .9m/.6m FS H M‐L Border, Mass Planting, Container L Deep red frilly flowers held on long stems above foliage. Drought tolerant, attracts butterflies. 3


Hemerocallis 'Prairie Blue Eyes Prarie Blue Eyes Daylily HP .9m/.9m FS M‐H Border, Mass Planting L Grassy clumps with uniquely colored lavender flower. Drought tolerant once established. 3

Penstemon barbatus 'Prairie Dusk' Prairie Dusk Beard Tongue HP .6m/.6m FS H M Border, Mass Planting L Strong stems of tubular purple flowers. Drought tolerant, attracts butterflies & himmingbirds. 3

Penstemon digitalis 'Husker Red' Husker Red Beard Tongue HP .9m/.6m FS/PS H M Border, Mass Planting L Red tinted leaves & clusters of tubular pink/ white flowers. Drought tolerant, attracts butterflies & himmingbirds. 3

Perovskia atriplicifolia Russian Sage HP .9m/1.2m FS/PS H M Border, Mass Planting L Fragrant foliage, blue flowers appear from summer to fall. Drought tolerant, attracts butterflies. 3



Sedum spectabile 'Autumn Fire' Autumn Fire Stonecrop HP .6m/.6m FS H M Border, Mass Planting, Container L Huge dusty pink flower heads in late summer. Drought tolerant. 3

Stachys bryzantina Lamb's Ear HP .6m/.6m FS H M Border, mass Planting, Container L Wooly thick gray‐green leaves. Drought tolerant. 3

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Table 3: Recommended Plants for Salt Tolerance



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Betula papyifera Paper Birch BDT 15m/9m FS‐PS M‐L M‐H Y Accent Tree, Shade Tree L Bright golden fall colour, peeling white bark. Needs adequate moisture & well‐drained soils. 3



Populus x acuminata Lanceleaf Poplar BDT 10m/5m FS L M‐H Shade Tree, Mass Planting, Parks Long glossy dark green leaves with a light underside. Good for land reclamation 3

Populus angustifolia Narrowleaf Poplar BDT 15m/6m FS L M‐H Shade Tree, Parks, Specimen Tree Narrow willow like leaves, ascending branches. Prefers moist conditions. 3


Syringa reticulata Japanese Tree Lilac BDT 6m/6m FS M M‐H Accent, Shade Tree L Upright panicles of creamy white flowers in early summer. Excellent disease resistance. 3

Syringa reticulata 'Ivory Silk' Ivory Silk Tree Lilac BDT 6m/5m FS M M‐H Accent Tree L Very showy creamy white flowers in early summer. Excellent disease resistance. 3



Caragana arborescens 'Pendula' Weeping Caragana BDS 2.5m/1m FS M M‐H Accent, Topiary, Container, Dry Areas Weeping, yellow pea shaped flowers in summer. Drought tolerant once established. 3









Picea abies 'Christina' Christina Norway Spruce CET 8m/1.2m FS M H Y Vertical Accent Tree, Screening L Columnar form of Norway Spruce, short green needles. Salt Tolerant. 3

Picea abies 'Pendula' Weeping Norway Spruce CET 3m/1m FS M H Y Accent, Trailing M Dark green needled foliage and numerous woody cones. Salt & polluntion tolerant. 3


Picea pungens 'Glauca' Colorado Blue Spruce CET 14m/7m FS H H Y Specimen, Mass Planting, Parks L Pyramidal‐shaped with silvery blue needles. Drought tolerant & very cold hardy. 3

Pinus mugo 'Mughus' Mugo Pine CET 2m/2m FS H H Y Specimen, Mass Planting, Border L Upright mounded shrubby Pine with dense green foliage. Very hardy. 3


Juniperus communis Common Juniper CET .75m/1.5m FS H H Y Border, Mass Planting, Specimen L Spiky, prickly blue‐green foliage, blue ornamental berries. Foliage takes on purple overtones in winter. 3

Juniperus communis 'Effusa' Effusa Juniper CET .3m/1.5m FS H H Y Border, Mass Planting, Specimen L Deep green, silvery banded foliage. Excellent groundcover or in Mass Planting. 3

Juniperus horizontalis var. Creeping Juniper CET varies FS H H Y Border, Mass Planting L Blue‐green foliage. Blue berry‐like fruits. 3

Juniperus sabina var. Savin Juniper CET varies FS H H Y Foundation, Mass Planting, Hedge L Upright spreading branches of deep green foliage. Wind tolerant. 3

Picea abies 'Nidiformis Birds Nest Spruce CES 1m/1m FS/PS M‐H M‐H Y Accent, Border L Dense light green foliage. 3

Pinus mugo 'Mops' Mops Mugo Pine CES .75m/1m FS M H Y Foundation, Mass Planting, Border L Uniform dense rounded, medium to dark green needles. A true dwarf type. 3

Pinus mugo 'Pumilio' Dwarf Mugo Pine CES 1.5m/1.5m FS M H Y Foundation, Mass Planting, Border L Mounding, attractive soft rich dark green needles. 3

Pinus mugo 'Slowmound' Slowmound Mugo Pine CES 1m/1m FS M H Y Foundation, Mass Planting, Border L Tight dense green needles. 3

Ground Covers H H y

Phlox subulata 'Red wing' Red Wing Moss Phlox HP .15m/.3m FS M‐H M‐H Y Border, Container, Mass Planting L Dark pink flowers with a red center bloom in spring. Evergreen, creeping growth habit. 3

Phlox subulata 'Snowflake' Snow Flake Moss Phlox HP .15m/.3m FS M‐H M‐H Y Border, Container, Mass Planting L Heavey blooms of pure white flowers. Evergreen, creeping growth habit. 3

Sedum acre 'Aureum' Stonecrop HP .05m/.4m FS/PS H M‐H Y Border, Mass Planting, Container L Yellow star‐shaped flowers from early to mid summer. Evergreen. 3

Vines H H

Humulus lupulus 'Aureus' Golden Hops BDV 1m/4.5m FS M H Vine, Screening, Container H Golden foliage which fades to yellow‐green over summer. Tolerant of salt and urban conditions. 3


Grasses H H y

Calamagrostis acutiflora 'Karl Foerster' Karl Foerster Feather Reed Grass HP 1m/1.5m FS M‐H M‐H Y Border, Mass Planting L Maintains structure throughout winter. Cool season, clump forming. 3

Deschampsia caespitosa 'Bronzeschleier Bronze Veil Tufted Hair Grass HP .9m/.6m FS/PS M M‐H Y Border, Mass Planting L Very fine texture, semi‐evergreen. Grows in clumps. 3

Deschampsia caespitosa 'Goldgehange' Golden Pen. Tufted Hair Grass HP .7m/.6m FS/PS M M‐H Y Border, Mass Planting L Yellow‐golden inflorescence from spring to fall. Grows in clumps. 3

Leymus arenarius Blue Dune Lyme Grass HP .9m FS M‐H H Y Mass Planting L‐M Mounding blue‐grey grass. Salt & drought tolerant. 3

Perennials H H







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Digitalis purpurea var. Foxglove HP varies FS M M‐H Border, Mass Planting, Foundation L Basal foliage forms a compact clump. Salt tolerant. 4



Heuchera var. Coral Bells HP varies FS/PS M M‐H Border, Mass Planting, Container L Huge dusty pink flower heads in late summer. Mounding perennial, salt tolerant. 3

Heuchera sanguinea 'Bressingham Mix' Bressingham Mix Coral Bells HP .6m/.9m FS/PS M M‐H Border, Mass Planting, Container L Tall stems bearing a mix of pink, red or coral flowers. Mounding perennial, salt tolerant. 3



Page 2 of 2

Table 4: Recommended Plants for Winter Interest



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Interest


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Betula papyifera Paper Birch BDT 15m/9m FS‐PS M‐L M‐H Y Accent Tree, Shade Tree L Bright golden fall colour, peeling white bark. Needs adequate moisture & well‐drained soils. 3


Betula pendula 'Laciniata' Cutleaf Weeping Birch BDT 10m/6m FS M‐L Y Accent Tree, Parks, Lawn Delicate cutleaf foliage, bright yellow fall colour. Thrives with extra moisture. 3

Betula pendula 'Youngii' Young's Weeping Birch BDT 5m/4m FS M‐L Y Landscape Feature, Topiary Graceful weeping habit, bright yellow fall colour. Shouldn't be aloud to dry out. 3

Betula platyphylla 'Dakota Pinnacle' Dakota Pinnacle Birch BDT 8m/2.5m FS‐PS M‐H Y Vertical Accent L Columnar habit, smooth white bark. Insect resistant and drought tolerant. 3

Tilia mongolica 'Harvest Gold' Harvest Gold Linden BDT 10m/6m FS M Y Specimen, Shade Tree L Exfoliating bark, golden buds & golden yellow fall colour. 3


Cornus alba 'Argenteo‐Marginata' Silver Variegated Dogwood BDS 2m/2m FS M Y Border, Foundation L Bright red branches give good winter accent color. Attracts butterflies. 3

Cornus alba 'Bailhalo' Ivory Halo Dogwood BDS 1m/1m FS/PS M Y Border, Mass Planting, Foundation L Attractive white‐variegated green foliage. Good winter interest. 3

Cornus alba 'Bud's Yellow' Bud's Yellow Dogwood BDS 2m/2m FS M Y Border, Mass Planting, Foundation L Distinct yellow twigs provide interesting winter colour. Attracts birds in winter. 3

Cornus alba 'Elegan ssima' Elegantissima Dogwood BDS 1.8m/1.8 FS/PS M Y Accent Border, Hedge/Screen L Bright red branches give good winter accent color. Hardiest of the variegated shrubs for garden use. 3

Cornus alba 'Sibirica Siberian Dogwood BDS 1.8m/2.4m FS/PS M Y Mass Planting, Hedge/Screen L Features showy blue fruit. Coral‐red stems in winter. Vigorous grower, shade tolerant. 3

Cornus sericea Red Osier Dogwood BDS 3m/3m FS/PS M Y Border, Mass Planting, Foundation L White flowers in summer, bluish white berries in fall. Native shrub, attracts birds in winter. 3

Cornus sericea 'Kelseyi' Kelsey Dwarf Dogwood BDS .9m/.9m FS/PS M Y Mass Planting L Green foliage throughout season, turn brick red in fall. Valued for its dense, closed habit of growth. 3

Cornus stolonifera 'Farrow' Arctic Fire Dogwood BDS 1.2m/.9m FS/PS M Y Mass Planting, Hedge/Screen, Naturalizing L Dark red winter twigs. Nonsuckering habit. 3

Euonymus alatus 'Compactus' Compact Burning Bush BDS .9m/.9m FS/PS M Y Accent, Mass Planting, Hedge/Screen L Long‐lasting brilliant red fall foliage. Low maintenance shrub, pruned at anytime. 3




Viburnum opulus 'Compactum' Compact Snowball Viburnum BDS 1.2m/1.2m FS M Y Border, Hedge, Container M White clustered flowers in early spring. Showy red berries hold on through the winter. 3


Abies balsamea Balsam Fir CET 18m/11m FS/PS M L‐M Y Accent Tree, Shade Tree L Dark green foliage,smooth, gray, resin blistered bark. Main tree used for Christmas trees. Strongly scented. 3

Juniperus scopulorum Rocky Mountain Juniper CET 3m/1.5m FS/PS H M Y Border, Hedge, Foundation L Narrowly pyramidal, dense, scale‐like, blue‐green foliage. An extremely durable, drought tolerant selection. 3

Picea abies 'Christina' Christina Norway Spruce CET 8m/1.2m FS M H Y Vertical Accent Tree, Screening L Columnar form of Norway Spruce, short green needles. Salt Tolerant. 3

Picea abies 'Pendula' Weeping Norway Spruce CET 3m/1m FS M H Y Accent, Trailing M Dark green needled foliage and numerous woody cones. Salt & polluntion tolerant. 3

Picea glauca White Spruce CET 15m/6m FS M L Y Specimen, Mass Planting L Blunt needles are light grey‐green all year. Native, very hardy. 3


Picea pungens 'Fat Albert' Fat Albert Spruce CET 12m/6m FS M Y Specimen, Mass Planting, Parks L Intense blue coloured foliage on perfectly shaped spruce. Excellent specimen. 3

Picea pungens 'Glauca' Colorado Blue Spruce CET 14m/7m FS H H Y Specimen, Mass Planting, Parks L Pyramidal‐shaped with silvery blue needles. Drought tolerant & very cold hardy. 3

Picea pungens 'Sester Dwarf' Sester Dwarf Blue Spruce CET 3m/1.5m FS M‐H Y Accent L Blue‐needled spruce, slow growing. More drought tolerant than other Picea. 3

Pinus aristata Bristlecone Pine CET 4m/2m FS H Y Accent L Dark green, white‐flecked needles. Drought tolerant, slow growing native evergreen. 2

Pinus cembra Swiss Stone Pine CET 15m/7m FS M Y Specimen L Needles are soft bluish green. Smooth bark. 3

Pinus contorta la folia Lodgepole Pine CET 12m/3m FS M Y Specimen, Parks L Blue‐green twisted needles, attractive prickly cones. Slender native tree. 2

Pinus mugo 'Mughus' Mugo Pine CET 2m/2m FS H H Y Specimen, Mass Planting, Border L Upright mounded shrubby Pine with dense green foliage. Very hardy. 3

Pinus nigra Austrian Pine CET 14m/7m FS H Y Specimen, Mass Planting, Parks L Long dense dark green needles. 3

Pinus ponderosa Ponderosa Pine CET 20m/7m FS H L Y Specimen, Mass Planting, Parks L Long green needles in bunches of three. Cinnamon brown bark stands out. 3

Pinus sylvestris Scotch Pine CET 14m/7m FS H Y Specimen, Mass Planting, Parks L Bluish‐green foliage. Durable, low maintenance tree. 3

Thuja occidentalis 'Brandon' Brandon Cedar CET 8m/1.2m FS M Y Hedge, Foundation L Pyramidal fast growing evergreen, bright green foliage. Makes an excellenet screen. 3

Thuja occidentalis 'Skybound' Skybound Cedar CET 8m/1.2m FS M Y Hedge, Foundation L Pyramidal fast growing evergreen, bright green foliage. Hardy. 3

Thuja occidentalis 'Wareana' Siberian Cedar CET 6m/6m FS M Y Hedge, Foundation, Border L A very dense broadly based oval shaped evergreen. Very hardy with a slight bronzy‐green winter color. 3


Juniperus communis Common Juniper CET .75m/1.5m FS H H Y Border, Mass Planting, Specimen L Spiky, prickly blue‐green foliage, blue ornamental berries. Foliage takes on purple overtones in winter. 3

Juniperus communis 'Effusa' Effusa Juniper CET .3m/1.5m FS H H Y Border, Mass Planting, Specimen L Deep green, silvery banded foliage. Excellent groundcover or in Mass Planting. 3

Juniperus horizontalis var. Creeping Juniper CET varies FS H H Y Border, Mass Planting L Blue‐green foliage. Blue berry‐like fruits. 3

Juniperus sabina var. Savin Juniper CET varies FS H H Y Foundation, Mass Planting, Hedge L Upright spreading branches of deep green foliage. Wind tolerant. 3

Picea abies 'Nidiformis Birds Nest Spruce CES 1m/1m FS/PS M‐H M‐H Y Accent, Border L Dense light green foliage. 3

Picea abies 'Little Gem' Little Gem Spruce CES .6m/1m FS M‐H Y Border, Container L Dense, finely textured rich green needles. Prefers slightly acidic soil. 3

Picea pungens 'Glauca Globosa' Globe Blue Spruce CES 1.2m/2.5m FS M Y Specimen, Foundation M Dwarf globe‐shaped evergreen with silver‐blue foliage. 3

Pinus mugo 'Mops' Mops Mugo Pine CES .75m/1m FS M H Y Foundation, Mass Planting, Border L Uniform dense rounded, medium to dark green needles. A true dwarf type. 3

Pinus mugo 'Pumilio' Dwarf Mugo Pine CES 1.5m/1.5m FS M H Y Foundation, Mass Planting, Border L Mounding, attractive soft rich dark green needles. 3

Pinus mugo 'Slowmound' Slowmound Mugo Pine CES 1m/1m FS M H Y Foundation, Mass Planting, Border L Tight dense green needles. 3



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Thuja occidentalis 'Hetz Midget' Hetz Midget Cedar CES .75m/1.2m FS M Y Foundation, Mass Planting, Border L Dense, globe‐shaped with fine, rich green foliage. 3

Thuja occidentalis 'Little Giant' Little Giant Cedar CES 1m/1m FS M Y Foundation, Mass Planting, Border L Soft feathery bright green foliage all year. Winter interest. 3

Ground Covers H H y

Phlox subulata 'Red wing' Red Wing Moss Phlox HP .15m/.3m FS M‐H M‐H Y Border, Container, Mass Planting L Dark pink flowers with a red center bloom in spring. Evergreen, creeping growth habit. 3

Phlox subulata 'Snowflake' Snow Flake Moss Phlox HP .15m/.3m FS M‐H M‐H Y Border, Container, Mass Planting L Heavey blooms of pure white flowers. Evergreen, creeping growth habit. 3

Sedum acre 'Aureum' Stonecrop HP .05m/.4m FS/PS H M‐H Y Border, Mass Planting, Container L Yellow star‐shaped flowers from early to mid summer. Evergreen. 3

Sedum rupestre 'Angelina' Angelina Stonecrop HP .2m/.6m FS H M Y Border, Mass Planting, Container L Bright golden‐yellow needle‐like foliage. Evergreen. 3

Grasses H H y

Andropogon scoparius 'Prairie Blues' Prairie Blues Lttle Bluestem HP .9m/.6m FS M‐H M Y Border, Mass Planting L Greyish blue thin ribbon‐like leaf blades. Reddish orange autumn color. 3

Calamagrostis acutiflora 'Karl Foerster' Karl Foerster Feather Reed Grass HP 1m/1.5m FS M‐H M‐H Y Border, Mass Planting L Maintains structure throughout winter. Cool season, clump forming. 3

Deschampsia caespitosa 'Bronzeschleier Bronze Veil Tufted Hair Grass HP .9m/.6m FS/PS M M‐H Y Border, Mass Planting L Very fine texture, semi‐evergreen. Grows in clumps. 3

Deschampsia caespitosa 'Goldgehange' Golden Pen. Tufted Hair Grass HP .7m/.6m FS/PS M M‐H Y Border, Mass Planting L Yellow‐golden inflorescence from spring to fall. Grows in clumps. 3

Festuca Glauca 'Elijah Blue' Elijah Blue Fescue HP .2m/.3m FS/PS H M Y Border, Mass Planting, Container L Rounded spiky growth habit and narrow pale blue foliage. Winter interest. 3

Helictotrichon sempervirens Blue Oat Grass HP .6m/.9m FS M‐H M Y Border, Mass Planting L Mounding blue‐grey grass. Suitable for formal plantings. 3

Leymus arenarius Blue Dune Lyme Grass HP .9m FS M‐H H Y Mass Planting L‐M Mounding blue‐grey grass. Salt & drought tolerant. 3

Page 2 of 2

Table 5: Recommended Street Trees

Abbreviations:BDT: Broadleaf Deciduous Tree FS: Full SunCET: Coniferous Evergreen Tree PS: Part Sun

S: ShadeL: LowM: ModerateH: High


/Spread

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Deciduous Trees 12

Acer x freemanii 'Jeffersred' Autumn Blaze Freeman Maple BDT 12m/9m FS M L‐M Accent Tree, Shade Tree L Outstanding red fall colour, rapid growth, dense‐oval shape. Tolerant of alkaline, acidic, and wet & dry soil conditions. 3

Acer x freemanii 'Sienna' Sienna Glen Maple BDT 12m/7.5m FS M L‐M Accent Tree, Shade Tree L Outstanding red fall colour, pyramidal ‐oval shape. Tolerant of alkaline, acidic, and wet & dry soil conditions. 3

Acer saccharinum 'Kenora' Kenora Silver Maple BDT 12m/5m FS M L‐M Parks, Street Trees, Shade Tree L Attractive green lobed foliage with silvery underside. Hardy, wet & dry landscape areas. 3

Acer saccharinum 'Silver Cloud' Silver Cloud Maple BDT 12m/5m FS M L‐M Parks, Street Trees, Shade Tree L Showy flowers, attractive foliage & fall colour. Improved hardiness, wet & dry landscape areas. 3

Betula papyrifera Paper Birch BDT 15m/9m FS‐PS M‐L M‐H Accent Tree, Shade Tree L Bright golden fall colour, peeling white bark. Needs adequate moisture & well‐drained soils. 3

Betula papyifera 'Varen' Prairie Dream Paper Birch BDT 10m/6m FS M‐H M‐H Accent Tree, Shade Tree L Bright golden fall colour, peeling white bark. Stress tolerant selection, bark is a great winter feature. 3

Betula pendula 'Laciniata' Cutleaf Weeping Birch BDT 10m/6m FS M‐L Accent Tree, Parks, Lawn Delicate cutleaf foliage, bright yellow fall colour. Thrives with extra moisture. 3

Betula pendula 'Youngii' Young's Weeping Birch BDT 5m/4m FS M‐L Landscape Feature, Topiary Graceful weeping habit, bright yellow fall colour. Shouldn't be aloud to dry out. 3

Betula platyphylla 'Dakota Pinnacle' Dakota Pinnacle Birch BDT 8m/2.5m FS‐PS M‐H Vertical Accent L Columnar habit, smooth white bark. Insect resistant and drought tolerant. 3

Celtis occidentalis Hackberry BDT 15m/6m FS M‐H Shade Tree, Erosion Control, Parks M Attracts butterflies & hummingbirds. Drought tolerant & adaptable to most conditions. 3

Crataegus x mordenensis 'Snowbird' Snowbird Hawthorne BDT 6m/6m FS‐PS M Accent, Shade, Border L Double white clusters of flowers. Very cold hardy. 3

Crataegus x mordenensis 'Toba' Toba Hawthorne BDT 6m/6m FS‐PS M Accent, Border Fragrant double flower clusters, small red fruit in fall. 5


Fraxinus x 'Northern Treasure' Northern Treasure Ash BDT 15m‐9m FS M Parks, Street Trees, Shade Tree Upright form, golden fall colour. Seedless selection. Cold hardy and disease resistant. 2

Fraxinus pennsylvanica 'Heuver' Foothills Green Ash BDT 13m‐6m FS M L‐M Parks, Street Trees, Shade Tree Attractive yellow fall colour. Seedless selection. Superior hardiness & form. 3

Populus tremula 'Erecta' Swedish Columnar Aspen BDT 12m/2m FS‐PS M Screens, Vertical Accents Orange‐yellow fall colour. Fast growing , narrow , columnar poplar. 2


Syringa reticulata Japanese Tree Lilac BDT 6m/6m FS M Accent Tree L Upright panicles of creamy white flowers in early summer. Excellent disease resistance. 3

Syringa reticulata 'Ivory Silk' Ivory Silk Tree Lilac BDT 6m/5m FS M Accent Tree L Very showy creamy white flowers in early summer. Excellent disease resistance. 3

Tilia americana 'Duros' True North American Linden BDT 10m/5m FS M Parks, Shade Tree, Street Tree L Very showy creamy white flowers in early summer. Excellent disease resistance. 2


Tilia flavescens 'Dropmore' Dropmore Linden BDT 7.5m/5.5m FS M Vertical Accent, Shade Tree L Subtle clusters of fragrant yellow flowers in summer. Hardiest of lindens. 3

Tilia mongolica 'Harvest Gold' Harvest Gold Linden BDT 10m/6m FS M Specimen, Shade Tree L Exfoliating bark, golden buds & golden yellow fall colour. 3

Evergreen Trees 12

Abies balsamea Balsam Fir CET 18m/11m FS/PS M L‐M Accent Tree, Shade Tree L Dark green foliage,smooth, gray, resin blistered bark. Main tree used for Christmas trees. Strongly scented. 3

Picea abies 'Christina' Christina Norway Spruce CET 8m/1.2m FS M H Vertical Accent Tree, Screening L Columnar form of Norway Spruce, short green needles. Salt Tolerant. 3

Picea glauca White Spruce CET 15m/6m FS M L Specimen, Mass Planting L Blunt needles are light grey‐green all year. Native, very hardy. 3

Picea pungens Colorado Spruce CET 14m/7m FS H H Specimen, Mass Planting L Pyramidal‐shaped with dark green/ blue needles. Drought tolerant & cold hardy. 3

Picea pungens 'Bakeri' Bakeri Spruce CET 10m/5m FS M Specimen, Mass Planting, Parks L Pyramidal‐shaped with silvery blue needles. Holds colour well even in cold climates. 3

Picea pungens 'Glauca' Colorado Blue Spruce CET 14m/7m FS H H Specimen, Mass Planting, Parks L Pyramidal‐shaped with silvery blue needles. Drought tolerant & very cold hardy. 3

Pinus cembra Swiss Stone Pine CET 15m/7m FS M Specimen L Needles are soft bluish green. Smooth bark. 3

Pinus nigra Austrian Pine CET 14m/7m FS H Specimen, Mass Planting, Parks L Long dense dark green needles. 3

Pinus ponderosa Ponderosa Pine CET 20m/7m FS H L Specimen, Mass Planting, Parks L Long green needles in bunches of three. Cinnamon brown bark stands out. 3

Pinus sylvestris Scotch Pine CET 14m/7m FS H Specimen, Mass Planting, Parks L Bluish‐green foliage. Durable, low maintenance tree. 3



Page 1 of 1


25

Appendix D: Planting Details

Planting Details are provided as reference to guide the installation of plant material within the

Smithers Downtown Development Permit Area.

The Following Details are included (numbers to be updated in final report):

Detail L‐01 – Lawn Planting

Detail L‐02 – Shrub Planting

Detail L‐03 – Tree Planting ‐ Boulevard w/ Tree Grate & Soil Cell (Section)

Detail L‐04 – Tree Planting ‐ Boulevard w/ Tree Grate & Soil Cell (Plan)

Detail L‐05 – Tree Planting ‐ Boulevard w/ Tree Grate & Structural Soil (Section)

Detail L‐06 – Tree Planting ‐ Boulevard w/ Tree Grate & Structural Soil (Plan)

Detail L‐07 – Tree Planting ‐ Boulevard w/ Continuous Planting Trench

Detail L‐08 – Tree Planting ‐ Grass Open Space

Detail L‐09 – Tree Planting ‐ Planting Bed

LAWN

GROWING MEDIUM

150

COARSE CULTIVATE SUBGRADE

TO 150mm DEPTH PRIOR TO

PLACING GROWING MEDIUM

FIRM SUBGRADE

Lawn Planting

DETAIL

TITLE :

DETAIL No. :

November 2012N.B. All dimensions in millimetres, unless noted otherwise

L-01

ENSURE THE SOIL LEVEL DOES NOT

EXCEED THE ORIGINAL NURSERY SOIL

LINE AND THAT ROOTS ARE

COMPLETELY COVERED IN SOIL

MULCH

COMPACTED FILL OR NATIVE

MATERIAL

SCARIFY BOTTOM OF PLANTING

BED TO REMOVE GLAZING

AMENDED GROWING MEDIUM.

SHRUB BEDS 450mm DEPTH MIN.,

GROUNDCOVER BEDS 300mm DEPTH

MIN.

75

300-450

CREATE DISH IN MULCH AROUND

ROOT BALL

SHRUB

NOTES:

1. REMOVE DEAD, DAMAGED OR WEAK GROWTH.

Shrub Planting

DETAIL

TITLE :

DETAIL No. :


L-02

NOTES:

1. TREE MUST BE DENSE AND FULL WITH COMPLETE BRANCH DEVELOPMENT, VIGOROUS FOLIAGE AND A

FORM WHICH IS SATISFACTORY TO THE LANDSCAPE DESIGNER. CANOPY DENSITY AND LEAF COLOUR

MUST BE CHARACTERISTIC OF SPECIES.

2. CUT ALL BINDING MATERIAL AND REMOVE STRAPPING OF TREE ROOTBALL. PRIOR TO BACKFILL,

REMOVE ANY MATERIAL FROM TREE PIT THAT WOULD IMPEDE ROOT GROWTH.

3. DO NOT STAKE OR WRAP TREE UNLESS REQUIRED BY CITY. WHEN REQUIRED, STAKE TREES USING A

SUBSURFACE STAKING SYSTEM TO ALLOW FOR LOCALIZED TREE SWING.

4. ROOT BARRIER: #UB-18 BY DEEP ROOT (OR APPROVED EQUAL), INSTALLED IN A CONTINUOUS SQUARE

SHAPE PER MANUFACTURER'S INSTRUCTIONS (QTY. = MIN. 8 PANELS PER TREE).

5. REFER TO STANDARD DETAIL L-04 FOR PLAN VIEW.

450mm DEPTH ROOT BARRIER, BOTH SIDES,

INSTALLED AS PER MANUFACTURER`S

SPECIFICATIONS

75mm DEPTH MULCH

CONCRETE TREE SQUARE W/ STEEL ANGLE

SUPPORT FOR TREE GRATE

GROWING MEDIUM

DO NOT EXCAVATE BELOW ROOTBALL

TAMP SOIL AROUND BASE OF ROOTBALL

TREE GRATE

SOIL CELLS, DOUBLE STACKED (INSTALL AND

SECURE AS PER MANUFACTURER

SPECIFICATIONS)

100mm DEPTH AGGREGATE SUB-BASE

GEOTEXTILE BELOW AGGREGATE SUB-BASE

DO NOT PRUNE CENTRAL LEADER

1200 MIN.

BOULEVARD WIDTH

100

300

100

25

150

800

PAVED SURFACING

(AS PER DESIGN)

SIDEWALK BASE COURSE (VARIES)

GEOTEXTILE AROUND SOIL CELL TRENCH

SCARIFY TREE PIT TO 150mm DEPTH THE

ENTIRE TREE PIT PRIOR TO PLACING

GROWING MEDIUM

ROOTBALL. ENSURE TOP IS 25-50mm HIGHER THAN

ADJACENT GRADE TO ALLOW FOR SETTLING. DO

NOT COVER THE TOP OF ROOTBALL WITH SOIL.

REMOVE EXCESS ROOTBALL SOIL TO EXPOSE

TRUNK FLARE. PRUNE OFF ADVENTITIOUS OR

CIRCLING ROOTS

Tree Planting - Boulevard w/

Tree Grate & Soil Cell (Section)

DETAIL

TITLE :

DETAIL No. :


L-03

PAVED SURFACING

AS PER DESIGN

1200

1200

AD

JA

CE

NT

S

OF

T LA

ND

SC

AP

E

ST

RE

ET

CURB

450mm DEPTH ROOT BARRIER, ALL SIDES,


SPECIFICATIONS

CONCRETE TREE SQUAREw/ STEEL ANGLE


TREE ROOTBALL

TREE GRATE

TRENCH WITH CONTINUOUS SOIL CELL

BENEATH SIDEWALK

PROVIDE SOIL CELL BREAKOUTS AT TREE

LOCATIONS TO ADJACENT SOFT LANDSCAPE

WHERE POSSIBLE

GEOTEXTILE AROUND STRUCTURAL SOIL

TRENCH WITH CONTINUOUS SOIL CELL

BENEATH SIDEWALK

1. DETAIL TO BE USED IN INSTANCES WHERE TREES ARE PLANTED IN

CONTINUOUS PAVING.

5. REFER TO STANDARD DETAIL L-03 FOR SECTION VIEW.

6. DRIP OR BUBBLER IRRIGATION TO BE PROVIDED ADJACENT TO ROOTBALL.

ALL IRRIGATION COMPONENTS TO BE CONCEALED.

NOTES:

Tree Planting - Boulevards w/

Tree Grate & Soil Cells (Plan)

DETAIL

TITLE :

DETAIL No. :


L-04

NOTES:






3. DO NOT STAKE OR WRAP TREE UNLESS REQUIRED BY CITY. WHEN REQUIRED, STAKE TREES USING A

SUBSURFACE STAKING SYSTEM TO ALLOW FOR LOCALIZED TREE SWING.

4. ROOT BARRIER: INSTALLED IN A CONTINUOUS SQUARE SHAPE PER MANUFACTURER'S INSTRUCTIONS.

5. DO NOT DISTURB THE ROOTBALL OR PLANTING PIT OF THE TREE WITH THOSE OF OTHER TREES AND

SHRUBS PLANTED IN THE PLANTING BED.

6. REFER TO STANDARD DETAIL L-06 FOR PLAN VIEW.

DO NOT PRUNEE CENTRAL LEADER

600

2

H

:

1

V

(

T

Y

P

.

)



SPECIFICATIONS

75mm DEPTH MULCH

CONCRETE TREE SQUARE W/ 50x50x6mm

STEEL ANGLE

GROWING MEDIUM

FIRM SUBGRADE



TREE GRATE

600mm DEPTH CONTINUOUS STRUCTURAL

SOIL TRENCH BENEATH SIDEWALK



GROWING MEDIUM

ROOTBALL. ENSURE TOP IS 25-50mm HIGHER

THAN ADJACENT GRADE TO ALLOW FOR

SETTLING. DO NOT COVER THE TOP OF

ROOTBALL WITH SOIL. REMOVE EXCESS

ROOTBALL SOIL TO EXPOSE TRUNK FLARE.

PRUNE OFF ADVENTITIOUS OR CIRCLING ROOTS

PAVED SURFACING

(AS PER DESIGN)


Tree Grate & Structural Soil (Section)

DETAIL

TITLE :

DETAIL No. :


L-05

CURB

450mm DEPTH ROOT BARRIER, ALL SIDES,


SPECIFICATIONS

CONCRETE TREE SQUAREw/ STEEL ANGLE


TREE ROOTBALL

TREE GRATE



1200m

m

PROVIDE SOIL BREAKOUTS AT TREE

LOCATIONS TO ADJACENT SOFT LANDSCAPE

WHERE POSSIBLE

1200

GEOTEXTILE AROUND STRUCTURAL SOIL

1. DETAIL TO BE USED IN INSTANCES WHERE TREES ARE PLANTED IN

CONTINUOUS PAVING.

2. REFER TO STANDARD DETAIL L-05 FOR SECTION VIEW.

3. DRIP OR BUBBLER IRRIGATION TO BE PROVIDED ADJACENT TO ROOTBALL.

ALL IRRIGATION COMPONENTS TO BE CONCEALED.

NOTES:

AD

JA

CE

NT

S

OF

T LA

ND

SC

AP

E

PAVED SURFACING

AS PER DESIGN



ST

RE

ET

DETAIL

TITLE :

DETAIL No. :


L-06

Tree Planting - Boulevards w/

Tree Grate & Structural Soil (Plan)

NOTES:






3. USE ROOT BARRIER ADJACENT WHERE TREE TRUNK IS WITHIN 3.0m OF HARD SURFACE.

4. DO NOT DISTURB THE ROOTBALL OR PLANTING PIT OF THE TREE WITH THOSE OF OTHER TREES AND

SHRUBS PLANTED IN THE PLANTING BED.

CURB


INSTALLED AS PER MANUFACTURER`S SPECS

PROVIDE CIRCLE OR SQUARE EDGE AROUND TREE

C/W 75mm DEPTH MULCH. DO NOT ALLOW MULCH TO

CONTACT TOUCH TREE TRUNK.

GRASS OR PLANT MATERIAL

CONTINUOUS GROWING MEDIUM TRENCH

FIRM SUBGRADE



GROWING MEDIUM



SIDEWALK

2000 MIN.

BOULEVARD WIDTH

2

H

:

1

V

(

T

Y

P

.

)

250

MIN

300

MAX

300

MAX


PAVING BASE

SET TREE PLUM. STAKE TREE WITH TWO VERTICAL

50mm DIA. PRESSURE TREATED STAKES 1500mm

LONG. PLACE 1/3rd OF THE STAKE BELOW GRADE.

STAKES TO BE POSITIONED PARALLEL TO

ROADWAY. STAKES NOT TO PENETRATE OR

DAMAGE ROOTBALL.






CIRCLING ROOTS

500mm MIN

SAUCER


Continuous Planting Trench

DETAIL

TITLE :

DETAIL No. :


L-07

75mm DEPTH MULCH

GRASS

GROWING MEDIUM

FIRM SUBGRADE



2

H

:

1

V

(

T

Y

P

.

)

2

V

:

1

H

(

T

Y

P

.

)

NOTES:

1. TREE MUST BE DENSE AND FULL WITH COMPLETE BRANCH DEVELOPMENT,

VIGOROUS FOLIAGE AND A FORM WHICH IS SATISFACTORY TO THE LANDSCAPE

DESIGNER. CANOPY DENSITY AND LEAF COLOUR MUST BE CHARACTERISTIC OF

SPECIES.

2. CUT ALL BINDING MATERIAL AND REMOVE STRAPPING OF TREE ROOTBALL.

PRIOR TO BACKFILL, REMOVE ANY MATERIAL FROM TREE PIT THAT WOULD

IMPEDE ROOT GROWTH.

3. USE ROOT BARRIER WHERE TREE TRUNK IS WITHIN 3.0m OF HARD SURFACE.


500mm MIN

SAUCER



GROWING MEDIUM

ROOTBALL. ENSURE TOP IS 25-50mm HIGHER

THAN ADJACENT GRADE TO ALLOW FOR

SETTLING. DO NOT COVER THE TOP OF

ROOTBALL WITH SOIL. REMOVE EXCESS

ROOTBALL SOIL TO EXPOSE TRUNK FLARE.

PRUNE OFF ADVENTITIOUS OR CIRCLING

ROOTS






DAMAGE ROOTBALL.

Tree Planting

Grass Open Space

DETAIL

TITLE :

DETAIL No. :


L-08

75mm DEPTH MULCH ALL AROUND

PLANTING BED GROWING MEDIUM

FIRM SUBGRADE



NOTES:

1. TREE MUST BE DENSE AND FULL WITH COMPLETE BRANCH DEVELOPMENT, VIGOROUS

FOLIAGE AND A FORM WHICH IS SATISFACTORY TO THE LANDSCAPE DESIGNER. CANOPY

DENSITY AND LEAF COLOUR MUST BE CHARACTERISTIC OF SPECIES.

2. CUT ALL BINDING MATERIAL AND REMOVE STRAPPING OF TREE ROOTBALL. PRIOR TO

BACKFILL, REMOVE ANY MATERIAL FROM TREE PIT THAT WOULD IMPEDE ROOT GROWTH.

3. DO NOT DISTURB THE ROOTBALL OR PLANTING PIT OF THE TREE WITH THOSE OF OTHER

TREES AND SHRUBS PLANTED IN THE PLANTING BED.

4. USE ROOT BARRIER WHERE TREE TRUNK IS WITHIN 3.0m OF HARD SURFACE.


2

H

:

1

V

(

T

Y

P

.

)

2

V

:

1

H

(

T

Y

P

.

)



GROWING MEDIUM






CIRCLING ROOTS






DAMAGE ROOTBALL.

Tree Planting

Planting Bed

DETAIL

TITLE :

DETAIL No. :


L-09


35

Appendix E: Irrigation Design Guidelines

Within landscape areas in the Smithers Downtown Development Permit Area, automatic

irrigation is required. Well‐designed irrigation systems allow for efficient water use, while

ensuring adequate water is consistently provided to support healthy plant establishment and

longevity. The following irrigation guidelines are provided to encourage the design of

efficient and functional systems.

1.4. General Guidelines A complete and working automatic irrigation system should be provided for all

landscaped areas within the Smithers Downtown Development Permit Area.

Temporary water zones may be considered for naturalized landscapes. Where temporary zones are permitted, watering provisions should be made to support establishment of vegetation for a minimum of two full growing seasons.

Irrigation systems should be designed to separately irrigate plant materials with different watering requirements (e.g. lawn is watered separately from shrub beds).

Ensure matched precipitation rates within all irrigation circuits.

The irrigation system should perform to within 15% of the targeted application efficiency standards for irrigation systems, as determined by the Irrigation Association and the Irrigation Industry Association of British Columbia, as follows:

o Spray Zones: 75% or higher

o Rotor Zones: 80% or higher

o Microjet Irrigation Zones: 85% or higher

o Drip Irrigation Zones: 90% or higher

Irrigation design should identify any landscape impediments, existing or planned, that could impede reaching the targeted efficiencies.

Irrigation design should protect the system from vandalism in public areas.

Where practical, irrigation design should minimize use of high‐volume spray heads and employ drip or low volume irrigation to meet the watering needs of the landscape areas, while minimizing water consumption.

When spray or rotor irrigation is used, design and install head to head coverage in accordance with manufacturer’s specifications and avoid overspray outside landscape areas.

Wherever possible, use soil moisture sensors, rain sensors or smart controllers that automatically adjust irrigation run‐times based on weather conditions.


36

Where possible, use reclaimed or recycled water or rainwater capture from roofs or rain barrels for outdoor water use as a substitute for use of potable water. It is not the intent of this guideline to require a development to produce recycled water or install rainwater systems only for irrigation purposes.

Preferred products for irrigation systems within the Smithers Downtown Development Permit Area are Rainbird products or approved equal.

Minimum warranties for irrigation components should be as follows:

Irrigation component Minimum Warranty

Spray heads 2 Years

Rotors 5 Years

Electric Remote Control Valves 5 Years

Controllers 5 Years

Sensors 5 Years

Drip Distribution Components 2 Years


37

Appendix F: Maps

DOWNTOWN SMITHERS

Landscape Design GuidelinesMAP 1: Downtown Development Permit Area

Downtown Development Permit Area

DOWNTOWN SMITHERS

Landscape Design GuidelinesMAP 2: Boulevard Classification

Downtown Development Permit Area

Main Street Boulevards

Secondary Street Boulevards

smithers landscape guidelines draft 07 · 2017-08-28 · downtown smithers landscape design...

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