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Table of Contents READING EDGE SMART 1UNIT READING TIP SPEED READING

1. Multicultural Evening -8 1. Melting Pot or Salad Bowl?

2. Online Profile -10 2. Internet Begging

1. Teens’ Life 3. The Advice Column -12 3. Sisters and Rivals Identifying Subjects

(7~21) 4. Teens’ Future Jobs -14 4. Gone with Technology & Verbs -20

5. Fighting the Five-finger 5. (longer passage)

Discount -16

1. Blood Type Theory -24 1. Essence of Life

2. Artificial Limbs -26 2. Another Style of Olympics2. Science & Technology

3. The Leafy Sea Dragon -28 3. Mimic a Lizard Kinds of Verbs -36

(23~37) 4. Ergonomic Chairs -30 4. Stand up!

5. Space Kimchi -32 5. (longer passage)

1. Fireworks -40 1. Dance to Chase

Away Evil Spirits

2. Namdaemun -42 2. Angkor Wat

3. History & Culture 3. Mosuo: The Last 3. The Land ofRelative Clauses -52

(39~53) Matriarchal Society -44 Female Warriors

4. Afternoon Tea -46 4. Tea Party on a Ship?

5. Unbelievable Ancient 5. (longer passage)

Surgeons -48

1. Prom Party -56 1. J-U-M-P!

2. The Batik Style of 2. What Colors Can

Cloth Dyeing -58 Say About You

4. Art & Festival 3. Edgar Degas’ 3. The Art of CapturingParticiples -68

(55~69) Paintings -60 the Moment

4. In Memory of 4. Left Behind

Rostropovich -62

5. Sapporo Snow Festival -64 5. (longer passage)

1. The Origin of 1. X-tremely Dangerous?

Bungee Jumping -72

5. Mythology & Origin 2. Bite the Bullet -74 2. Other Phrases of Military Origin Transition Words -84(71~85) 3. The Crystal Skull -76 3. OOPArt(Out-of-place artifact)

4. Plastic Surgery -78 4. The History of Cosmetics

5. Psyche and Her Love -80 5. (longer passage)


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4

Every student knows studying English requires a lot of patience. Even

worse, some English books are difficult and boring. Fortunately, there is

a way you can change your perspective on learning English. Now you

can develop your reading skills in an enjoyable way.

The Reading EDGE Smart series will help you to improve your reading

skills. You can learn how to read with a purpose.

Each level of this series comes with one text book, one guide book and

one audio component. Each book is organized into 5 units consisting of

vocabulary and related questions. One of the key features of this series isthat it integrates many skills: reading, vocabulary building, listening and

writing.

This series also deals with a variety of unique and interesting topics,

and the readings are graded to the appropriate length and depth

depending on the English proficiency level of the student.

After reading, students will be challenged to guess the meaning of words

used in the passage, summarize the passage, and solve various types of

questions.

Students can listen to the entire script by MP3 or use the attached CD.

Students will broaden their English ability from reading to listening,

speaking and writing. This integrated approach will enable students to

dramatically improve their English.

4

READING EDGE SMART 1~2 READING EDGE SMART 3~4 READING EDGE SMART 5~6

Unit Topic based Korean SAT test based In-depth reading skill based

Speed Reading Impact Reading Power Reading

Reading skill Essential skills Essential skills for preparing Essential skills

for reading for the Korean SAT test for In-depth reading

We’re Reading EDGE Smart Features

Introduction

We’re READING EDGE SMAR T


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Reading Passages

The Reading EDGE Smart series covers a wide variety of topics ranging from teen life to

social issues. This series also covers academic and contemporary topics, which will

motivate students to study English. The real life topics will provide students with

knowledge and an enjoyable reading experience. In addition, passages related to social

issues will give them more insight into everyday life and help foster logical thinking skills.

This series has longer passages, consisting of over 300 words, which will help students

get used to reading longer passages clearly and confidently.

Words

Students are encouraged to read the definitions in English,

which provides them greater exposure to English vocabulary.

After reading the def init ions in Engli sh, they are asked to

translate them into Korean. This process will motivate students

to think in English first, then guess the matching Korean word.

Question Types

After reading each passage, students are advised to answer

questions related to the passage. These questions are meant to

help students promote their English comprehension skills. In

addition, they are designed for students who are preparing for

various types of tests including school tests, college entranceexams and internationally recognized tests such as TOEFL. The

question styles used in the Reading EDGE Smart series include

multiple choice, fill in the blank and summary completion. The

activities in the Reading EDGE Smart will ensure greater

reading fluency and exam success. Completing the summary

will contribute to improving students’ writing skills by enhancing

their ability to think in English.

Reading Skills Section

The Reading EDGE Smart Series takes three different approaches to developing and

improving reading skills: Speed Reading, Impact Reading, and Power Reading. These

sections will help students grasp the essential skills required to improve their reading ability.

Guide Book

The Reading EDGE Smart Guide Book consists of Korean translations, idiomatic

expressions, structure review, grammar tips and answer keys.

Tips

This section provides additional

information related to the passages in

order to encourage further thought on

the topics.

Review

This section gives students a chance

to practice words and idiomatic

expressions learned in each unit using

various approaches.

Structure Vol.1


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Growing up is learning how to deal with difficulties and the benefits are great.


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1Unit

Reading 1 Multicultural Evening

Reading 2 Online Profile

Reading 3 The Advice Column

Reading 4 Teens’ Future JobsReading 5 Fighting the Five-finger Discount

Teens’ Life


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R E A D I N G

EDGE

8

multicultural: involving people or ideas from different cultures

opportunity: a situation in which you can do something

racism: unfair treatment of people because they belong to a different race

stereotype: an idea of what a particular type of person is like

positive: being good or useful

problematic: difficult to deal with

Join us for a Multicultural Evening

When: Saturday, June 5, from 7 p.m. - 9:30 p.m.Where: Unity High School, Burnaby

The Multicultural Society of Unity High School

(a) will be hosting a dinner party to encourage

multiculturalism within our community. This

event will give all who (b) attend an opportunity

to get to know more about different cultures.

There will be a variety of food from all over theworld. If you’re curious to know what hummus,

kimchi, churros, or pakoras (c) taste like, don’t

miss this event! There will be a number of events

during the evening, including traditional dances.

Even more importantly, this evening provides an

opportunity to get to know various cultures and make some good friends.

In addition, learning more about different cultures (d) help fight ignorance, racism and

stereotypes. (e) By celebrating different cultures, we can view cultural differences as

positive rather than problematic. For more information about this or other

Multicultural Society events, please visit our website: multiculturaleventalert.com.

Note: If you would like to lend a helping hand, please call the President of the Multicultural

Society, Nora Blumefield at 555-1338. Please let her know which committee you

would like to join: entertainment, catering or decorating.

Words Read the following and translate them into Korean.

Read the following and answer the questions.

Photo by Amanda


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U NI T

1

Teens’ Life

1. Who is this advertisement for?

Students who are members of the Food Society

Students who are interested in diverse cultures

Students who want to participate in the dance contest

Students who are leaving the community soon

Students who are in favor of racism and stereotypes

2. Which is NOT grammatically correct? Choose one from (a) to (e).

3. Write T if the statement is true. Write F if it is false.

This event is for students who want to attend the Unity High

School.

The Multicultural Society is looking for some volunteers.

This event shows that different cultures can co-exist harmoniously.

T I P Melting Pot or Salad Bowl?

‘Melting pot’ is a term used to describe a multicultural society. In a melting pot,

ingredients are combined to make a great soup. America is known as a melting pot

society because of the way various races and cultures tend to blend together. The

‘salad bowl’ concept is similar, but each ingredient (in this case, race or culture)

maintains its own identity, so races and cultures are mixed but not merged.

F

T

T

(d) (help fight helps fight)


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R E A D I N G

EDGE

10

complex: detailed, not simple

upload: to transfer data from your computer to a server or host computer

addictive: habit-forming

access: permission to look at information

detail: a small part of a larger structure

fraudulent: dishonest or deceitful

repost: to post or send a message or image again

Have you heard of Cyworld, Myspace or Facebook? These sites all allow people

(a) to create an online profile. Today most teens are making online profiles aboutthemselves. They create online profiles for many reasons: friendship, dating and

networking. You can make your page as simple or as complex as you like. So how

can teenagers who want to create (b) an online profile gets started?

The first step is to decide which site is best for you. Once you have chosen your site,

you can begin to add a little information about yourself. You can even upload photos

and games. But be careful. (c) Maintaining a webpage can be more work than you

think. It can even be addictive! People need to take care not to spend an

unreasonable amount of time or money (d) while creating their page.

Also, when creating an online profile, you

have to keep in mind that anyone can

access the Internet. It’s important to be

safe, so don’t reveal too many details

about your identity or post public photos.

Strangers can use your personal details or

photos for fraudulent purposes. They can

even repost your pictures on other

websites! So make sure (e) your profile is

set to private, not public.




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U NI T

1

Teens’ Life

T I P

1. What is this passage mainly about?

The increasing popularity of online profiles

How to make personal webpages safer

Reasons why people create their own webpage

How to make and maintain an online profile

What kind of information people share on the web


3. What should computer users remember when creating an online

profile? Write the appropriate expressions in the blanks.

They should try not to give detailed information about their

freely or post photos.

Internet Begging

In 2002, Karyn Bosnak, a young woman who was in credit card debt started

www.SaveKaryn.com and asked help from internet users. Up until 2000, she made

a fairly good income and enjoyed shopping in New York. However, once she lost

her job, her debt grew to $20,000. Luckily for her, her site gained great popularity

and she was eventually able to pay off her debt.

publicidentity

(b) (gets started get started)

Speed Reading


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R E A D I N G

EDGE

12

promote: to give someone a better position

traumatic: emotionally upsetting

trend: most recent popular style

current: present time, most recent, now

fashion-conscious: keeping up with current fashion trends

distress: physical or mental suffering

transition: period of change

confidence: belief in oneself



Dear Annie,

Last weekend my parents told me that we will be moving to New York next

month. My Dad got promoted, but in order to accept the position, we have to

relocate. This is completely (a) out of the blue and I’m terrified! I just started

high school, which was traumatic enough, even though I already knew

everyone. I don’t want to have to go through the same experience again with

strangers! Don’t get me wrong. I’m really happy for my Dad. I know that the

move will be a good opportunity for our family. But... I’m from a really small

town in Ohio and I don’t keep up with current fashion trends or reality TV. I

don’t even know what music is cool. How will I ever adjust to such a huge,

fashion-conscious city? Please give me some tips to help me fit in!

Nervous in North Star

Dear Nervous,

Moving is a big change at any time, so your distress is understandable. Luckily,

there are a few things you can do to make the transition easier. First of all, see if

any of your Dad’s co-workers have kids your age. You can contact them and

become pen pals until your move. That way, when you arrive, you’ll already

have some new friends. Also, why not do some Internet research to find out

more about New York? That way, you’ll know a little more about your new city

as well as what the cool trends are there. But don’t feel like you have to change

who you are completely. The most important thing is to (b) ,

and keep your head up even if you feel shy or out of place. Confidence is very

important and will attract friends like a magnet. Be sure to write back and let

me know how it goes!

Annie

be yourself


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U NI T

1

Teens’ Life

T I P Sisters and Rivals

‘Dear Abby’ is an internationally known personal advice column. Its columnist,

Pauline Esther Friedman Philips, wrote the column from 1956 to 2002. The title,

‘Dear Abby,’ came from her pen name Abigail Van Buren. Interestingly, she had an

identical twin sister, who also wrote a world-famous personal advice column

under the name 'Ann Landers.'

1. Which is the most appropriate for the blank (b)?

join extracurricular clubs

get a helping hand

keep up with the recent trends

be yourself

keep in touch with me

2. Which can replace the expression for the underlined part (a)? ridiculous

unfair

absurd

sudden

outrageous

3. Which can NOT be inferred from the passage?

Annie encourages the girl to be self-confident.

The girl has difficulty getting along with her classmates.

The girl is asking for some advice on adjusting to a new setting.

Annie advises the girl to get information on New York beforehand.

The girl worries she might be behind in recent trends in New York.


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R E A D I N G

EDGE

14

What kind of jobs do Korean teenagers want to have and why? A recent survey

asked Korean teenagers about their top 5 career choices and the reasons for these

choices as shown in these graphs.

The most popular career was being a teacher, followed by doctor or lawyer,

computer programmer, business person and artist. (a) The criteria teenagers

considered most important for their future job were that it be ‘Stable and less

stressful.’ (b) ‘Specialized and professional’ and ‘Free and creative’ were the

second and third most important factors. These results clearly show teenagers’

preference for . (c) They seem to value jobs with private

satisfaction more than jobs with a better salary or a good reputation. Considering the

high unemployment rate nowadays, the survey results make a lot of sense.

(d) Teenagers also find entertainment quite an appealing path, which

(reflect) the strong influence the media has on teenagers. (e) Interestingly, professions

such as doctor or lawyer (be) not the top choice.

What kind of jobs do teens want to have?

teacher doctor/ lawyer

computerprogrammer

businessperson

Free and

creative27%

Stable andless-stressful

45%

Specialized andprofessional

28%

artist

What makes teens choose a job?

criteria: standards to help us decide something

stable: firm, secure

value: to think that something is important

unemployment: the state of being out of work

appealing: attractive

profession: a job that one has


18

16

14

12

10

8

6

4

2

0


stable and secure jobs

reflects

are


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U NI T

1

Teens’ Life

1. Which is NOT true according to the graphs?

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

(e)

2. Which is the most appropriate expression for the blank ? stable and secure jobs

well-paying jobs

more free time

good reputation

professionals’ recommendation

3. What are the appropriate verb forms for blanks and ?

T I P Gone with Technology

Sometimes technology creates new jobs, but other times it has the opposite effect.

Typist is one job that no longer exists as a result of technology. Up until the 1980’s,

typewriters were used in many offices. Unlike computers, one could not correct

typographical errors in the typing process. This made using a typewriter difficult, so

professional typists were hired. Now, computers make writing a document so

simple that anyone can do it, eliminating the need for professional typists.

reflects are


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R E A D I N G

EDGE

16

Recently local store owners and

entrepreneurs in Park Royal Mall haveformed a group of their own to fight teen

shoplifting. Theft has been an increasing

problem in the mall. The largest group of

offenders ranges from ages 11 - 17. Store

owners are not satisfied with the

traditional “slap on the wrist” punishments

teens usually receive for shoplifting. They

find it is not enough of a deterrent and

there are too many re-offenders.

Last week store owners met to come up with a better method of protection from

(a) five-finger discount seekers. They decided on a few different strategies. One idea

involves training store staff to spot shoplifting. In order to make staff more vigilant,

the mall will employ (b) “secret shoplifters.” These people will look like regular

teenagers, but will be paid to steal from unsuspecting stores. This way employees

can recognize and catch (c) shoplifters before it’s too late.

Merchants also decided to have a zero-tolerance policy for teens caught shoplifting.

The mall will keep an updated record of teens caught stealing in the mall. This list

will have names and photos of past (d) offenders. This way staff can recognize these

(e) sticky-fingered teens and ban them from the store. Shopkeepers hope that this

will help reduce shoplifting and keep the shelves stocked with products for those

willing to pay for them.

a person who starts their own business:

a person who has committed a crime:

something meant to discourage certain behavior:

a plan:

watching carefully:

to give someone a job:

the degree to which someone can put up with something:

a supply of goods intended for sale to customers:

Words Read the following definitions and find the words in the passage.

entrepreneur

offender

deterrent

strategy

employ

tolerance

stock

vigilant



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U NI T

1

Teens’ Life

1. Which is the most appropriate for each blank?

an increase in teen shoplifting, shop owners came up with a

punishment for shoplifters.

A B

Due to harsh

Despite various

Owing to traditional

In spite of secret

Due to traditional

2. Which does NOT refer to the same thing? Choose one from (a) to (e).

3. Complete the summary by filling in the blanks with the given

expressions.

Store owners have had a hard time thinking of new ways to

theft. Store owners and hope increased

will discourage teens from . These new methods make it

much more difficult for teens to with shoplifting.

A

B

(b)

vigilance stealing get away employees prevent

prevent

vigilanceemployees

stealing

get away


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U NI T

1 .T eens’ L i f e

R E V I E W

A. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate expressions.

positive stable entrepreneur vigilant multicultural

1. The night guards stayed to catch the intruders.

2. If you maintain a attitude, it’s easier to accomplish your goals.

3. The building was renovated so that it would be in an earthquake.

4. Bill Gates is a successful in the computer business.

5. New York is a city, as its citizens are from many different

places around the world.

B. Connect each expression in column A with the matching expression in column B.

A B

1. trend period of change

2. access most popular style

3. transition prohibit

4. ban permission to look at information

C. Complete the following with the appropriate expressions. Use the given words.

1. A spaceship is supposed to be well food for its astronauts. (stock)

2. Don’t get nervous. Just . (be)

3. If you want to enjoy a food, why don’t you go to the buffet? (variety)

4. As long as you work hard on your project, you can have

in your accomplishments. (confident)

vigilant

positive

stable

stocked with

be yourself

confidence

variety of

multicultural

entrepreneur

18


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R E A D I N G

EDGE

D. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate expressions. Use the given words.

1. An is a person who has committed a crime. (offend)

2. Can nuclear weapons be an effective against war? (deter)

3. Injured soldiers needed the highly treatment of surgeons. (specialize)

4. What are the for deciding who gets a scholarship? (criterion)

5. will continue to rise as long as major companies decide not to

offer jobs to college graduates. (employ)

E. Choose the best word to complete each sentence.

1. In a multicultural society, it is important to be of different

customs and cultures.

accessible confident tolerant satisfied

2. Teenagers often stay up playing computer games because they are highly

.

addictive pricey rewarding dangerous

3. It’s important to have a good marketing for your business.

challenge solution lesson strategy

4. Her daughter’s illness caused her extreme .

importance disappointment distress experience

offender

deterrent

specialized

Unemployment

criteria

19


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1 .T eens’ L i f e

S P E E D R E A D I N G The first step to understand the sentence correctly is to identify the subject and the

verb. In all sentences, there must be agreement between the subject and the verb.

Be aware of the following:

- if the subject is modified

- if the sentence begins with an adverbial clause or phrase

- if the sentence includes several dependent clauses

- if the gerund or to-infinitive is used as a subject

Read the following and identify the subject and the verb in each sentence.

When the subject is modified:

Those (who wil l travel to Africa) must check what vaccinations are required.

S modifier V

Several districts (in the Metropolitan area) were required to be rebuilt.

S modifier V

When an adverb clause or phrase is located before the main clause:

(Loathed by homeowners and restaurateurs), the cockroach is gaining some

adverb phrase S V

respect in the agricultural community.

When a gerund or to-infinitive is used as the subject :

Applying for visas takes a lot of time.

S V

Identifying Subjects and Verbs

20


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R E A D I N G

EDGE

Mini Test

Read the following. Choose the appropriate verb form.

1. The assistant secretary of the company, who is the top negotiator on current issues,

( is, are ) going to fly to Germany next Friday.

2. Two Spanish men who spent more than 25 years on death row in India for alleged

spying ( was released, were released ) last week.

3. Barack Obama said that a photograph of the cliffs on the South Shore of Oahu where

his mother’s ashes ( were, was ) scattered ( was, were ) what he valued most.

4. I think it’s a good decision to talk with your parents. Talking about a problem with

others ( means, mean ) you’re ready to solve it.

5. The camera James bought at the store that deals with second-hand electronic

goods ( is, are ) still in good condition.

6. Adjusting the mirrors in your vehicle as well as your seat position ( is, are )

necessary before you drive.

21


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The most incomprehensible thing about science is that it is comprehensible.

- Albert Einstein


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Reading 1 Blood Type Theory

Reading 2 Artificial Limbs

Reading 3 The Leafy Sea Dragon

Reading 4 Ergonomic ChairsReading 5 Space Kimchi

Science & Technology

2Unit


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1 Read the following and answer the questions.R E A D I N G

EDGE

24

You may have heard talk about blood

type and how it affects our personalityand relationships. But can our blood type

really define who we are, how we act,

and our relationships with others?

Generally, type A is thought to be

sensible, creative and naive, while type B

is considered outgoing, friendly, and

selfish. Type AB is considered to be rational, level-headed, and indecisive. On the

other hand, type O is associated with being sociable, optimistic, and careless.

But is there any scientific proof? Studies were conducted on the concept of blood

type traits in the late 1920’s. However, these studies were mainly politically

motivated and held little scientific backing. They were often used as ‘proof’ of

racial superiority of certain groups by various countries, including Japan and

Germany. The Japanese tried to use the theory to breed better soldiers, but the

experiment was a failure.

Then, why is the theory still so popular? Just like astrology, the blood type

personality theory is interesting and fun, but also vague and misleading. If you

really want to find out about someone’s personality, the best way is to get to know

them by talking to them, rather than relying on superstition.

sensible: reasonable, not emotional

level-headed: calm and sensible in all situations

indecisive: having difficulty making a decision

trait: a characteristic someone or something has

motivated: being determined to do something

astrology: the study of the movements of the heavenly bodies and their influence on people’s lives

misleading: giving a wrong idea or impression

Words Read the following definitions and translate them into Korean.


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U NI T

2

T I P Essence of Life

In many cultures, blood is considered the essence of life. Since losing too much

blood causes death, this is a natural assumption. In the past, some thought they

could even revive dying people or become immortal by drinking blood. The legend

of vampires was born from this belief.

1. What is the writer’s attitude towards the theory of blood type

and personality?

interesting and reliable

scientific but unrealistic

fun but not trustworthy

popular and reasonable

misleading but trustworthy

2. What does the writer suggest doing to find out more about

someone?

The writer suggests .


A type O person is thought to get along with others well.

The blood type theory was once used for political purposes.

The Japanese successfully bred better soldiers using the blood type

theory. F

T

T

talking to someone (them)


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R E A D I N G

EDGE

26

artificial: created by humans, not nature

sophisticated: advanced and complex

breakthrough: innovation, an important achievement

pressure: a force produced by something

impact: the force created by contact

adjustable: able to be altered to create a good fit

notice: to observe or see something

Can you believe that someone with an artificial leg can run 100 m in less than 17

seconds? This is no longer a dream. Thanks to research and scientificadvancements, artificial limbs, also called prosthetics, have become very

sophisticated. In the past, someone missing a leg would be confined to a wheelchair

for life, but not any more!

Artificial limbs used to be heavy and clunky, but times have changed. Prosthetics

now use space-age materials such as carbon fiber. Carbon fiber is what makes

prosthetics extremely strong and light. Prosthetic legs have had major

breakthroughs, such as the hydraulic knee. The hydraulic knee uses liquid to create

pressure to help the knee operate realistically. This knee absorbs impact and is

adjustable to give greater control to athletes. Prosthetic arms are equally advanced.

Some arms are so superior that they even have the sense of touch.

The technological advancements in

prosthetics give those living with

missing limbs comfort, independence,

and hope. Wearers no longer have to rely

on others for their daily needs. Plus, the

realistic look and performance of

artificial limbs mean the wearer no

longer sticks out in a crowd. You may be

standing beside someone with an

artificial limb at the bus stop and not

even notice!




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U NI T

2

T I P

1. Which is the most appropriate expression for each blank?

Prosthetics have given the more freedom and

.

A B

disabled realistic looking limbs

athletes better performance

athletes realistic looking limbs

disabled feelings

wearers confinement

2. What are the positive qualities of carbon fiber?

It is not only .

3. Match the main idea with each paragraph.

Paragraph 1 Artificial legs are less noticeable than

in the past.

Paragraph 2 Space-age technology has made prosthetics

more advanced.

Paragraph 3 People are achieving new goals with their

artificial limbs.

Another Style of Olympics

The Paralympic Games are a sporting event for athletes with disabilities. This

event takes place every four years, in the same year as the Olympic Games.

Athletes fr om six di ff erent disabi li ty groups compete in the Para lympics,

emphasizing what these athletes can achieve, rather than their disabilities.

light (strong) but also strong (light)

A

B


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R E A D I N G

EDGE

28

What would you do if you had the ability to blend in with your surroundings? Would

you use this power for good, or for evil? Every day, sea creatures use this abilitysimply to survive. Take the leafy sea dragon for example. This unusual creature is

found in Australia. It has leafy attachments all over its body which make it (a) look /

looks just like a piece of seaweed. It is able to completely blend in with the

surrounding marine life. Camouflage is essential to sea dragons since they are slow

swimmers. Many would-be predators overlook the leafy sea dragon, believing it is

just another piece of unappetizing seaweed.

Interestingly, camouflage is not the leafy sea dragons’ only unique quality. When it

comes to reproduction, sea dragons switch traditional roles. It is the male, not the

female, who becomes pregnant. The female deposits her eggs onto the male’s tail,

where he will carry them for four to six weeks. When they are born, the baby sea

dragons will be replicas of their parents, but much smaller, of course!

Recently, Australia has (b) passed / been

passed laws to protect the leafy sea dragon.

Unfortunately, the sea dragon is still sought

after by collectors because they believe it has

medicinal qualities. Therefore, its ability to

look similar to its surroundings is the sea

dragons’ best survival strategy. If you have

time, why not search the web for an image of

a leafy sea dragon? Could you tell it from a

piece of seaweed if you hadn’t read this

article?

would-be: potential

predator: an animal that survives by eating other animals

unappetizing: not delicious

reproduction: the act of having babies

deposit: to place something somewhere to keep it safe

medicinal: having qualities that help people stay healthy




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29


U NI T

2

T I P Mimic a Lizard

Camouflage is not only used by animals and insects to conceal themselves from

enemies. Humans use it for the same purpose. Camouflage has become standard

in most modern military uniforms. To blend into the surroundings, the colors used

in camouflage are usually green, brown, khaki, and/or sand. The pattern and

colors used in camouflage differ depending on the surroundings.

1. Which is the best headline for this article?

How Can This Vulnerable Sea Creature Survive?

The Uncovered Medicinal Qualities of Sea Dragons

Camouflage: the Only Unique Quality of Sea Dragons

How Can We Protect This Endangered Marine Species?

Lessons We Should Learn from This Smart Sea Animal

2. Which word is the closest in meaning to the underlined part?Find the word in the passage.

3. Which are the appropriate forms of underlined parts (a) and

(b)? Choose the correct one.

(a) (b)

camouflage

look passed

Speed Reading


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4

R E A D I N G

EDGE

30

When you imagine a comfortable chair, what does

it look like? Big and cozy with a backrest,armrests and lots of soft pillows? This may seem

like the most comfortable chair at first. But when

it comes to chairs, the level of comfort depends on

the activity you’re performing while sitting down.

A big, soft, pillow-adorned chair is ideal for

reading books. However, it’s not the best chair for

office workers.

In fact, a popular chair among office workers

looks very uncomfortable at first glance. It’s partof the ergonomic family of chairs. What does

ergonomic mean? It’s a word that refers to furniture that provides excellent support

for your body. With no backrest, this chair has a basic seat and a resting pad for your

knees. This unique design is meant (a) (relieve) back pain by

taking pressure off the back. It encourages the sitter to place most of their weight on

their knees instead. It also makes it easier to keep your back straight while sitting.

When choosing an ergonomic chair, there are many things to consider. You need to

choose the best chair for your body, so keep your height and weight in mind. The

seat should be made of a slightly padded material, as a softer surface is easier to siton for extended periods of time. People generally like leather or vinyl because it is

easy to clean, but these materials can often heat up causing discomfort. Many people

choose mesh or another breathable material instead. Lastly, make sure the chair fits

in your workspace. Although larger chairs seem more inviting, they are not always

the most practical choice.

So if you are someone who spends a lot of time in front of a desk writing, reading,

or computing, why not consider (b) (purchase) an ergonomic

chair? If you want to try before you buy, just stop by your local office supplier. Or,

for a better price, you can find some great deals online!

armrest: sides of a chair where you can place your arms

adorned: embellished, decorated

relieve: to remove an unpleasant feeling

leather: material that is made of animal hide

breathable: allowing air to flow through easily

practical: useful, suited to its purpose


to relieve

purchasing



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U NI T

2

1. What is the passage mainly about?

How to purchase cheaper furniture

For whom ergonomic chairs are designed

How to choose a suitable chair for office workers

Various furniture designs and the effects on our health

Why we should avoid big and soft chairs

2. According to the passage, what is NOT suggested when buyingan office chair?

Try an ergonomic chair.

Look for a chair with an excellent support for your body.

Choose a big, soft chair.

Consider what activity you will use the chair for.

Check out the great deals online.

3. What are the appropriate verb forms for blanks (a) and (b)?

(a) (b)

T I P Stand Up!

Many people spend much of their day sitting at their desks. Let’s say you spend 8

hours per day sitting in your office or at school. After that you spend more time

watching TV or web surfing. Sitting for too long can have many negative effects on

your body, including a stiff neck or back pain. To stay healthy while sitting,

remember to maintain a healthy posture. And don’t forget to move around as

much as possible when you have the chance!

to relieve purchasing

Speed Reading


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5

R E A D I N G

EDGE

32

Imagine a picture of an astronaut eating vanilla ice-

cream, fried rice or even kimchi. New varieties of food items, such as instant noodles and kimchi, are

slowly making their way into space. It is good news

for astronauts, since they’ll no longer have to miss

spicy food during their mission. Finally, after years

of research, South Korean scientists and food

companies created the first Korean recipes fit for

space travel. These new culinary additions

accompanied Korea’s first astronaut into space in

Spring, 2008.

Kimchi, Korea’s most popular side dish, was not a good candidate for space travel at

first. This is due to the high level of bacteria it contains. This friendly bacteria has

many health benefits here on Earth, but could become disastrous in space. Scientists

fear that the bacteria could mutate, causing illness to astronauts or damage to the

spacecraft. If the kimchi began to ferment out of control while in space, it could

explode out of its package. These kinds of risks cannot be taken. Therefore, all space

food, including kimchi, must be sterilized to deactivate the bacteria. Scientists are

now using radiation to kill bacteria, making it safer for space travel.

You may be wondering if this new variation has the same taste and health benefits

that traditional kimchi is known for. The answer is: Yes! Despite the radiation, space

kimchi retains almost all of the flavor of regular kimchi. It is still high in fiber as

well, which will help promote healthy digestion among astronauts. In addition, the

odor of the new kimchi has been dramatically reduced, making it more suited to an

enclosed space. Thanks to these new breakthroughs, eating kimchi in space will no

longer be a figment of the imagination!

something having to do with food or cooking:

someone or something trying to accomplish a goal:

to change into a different thing:

to change chemically:

to cause something to become inactive:

closed on all sides:

something that is made up or imaginary:


culinary

candidate

mutate

ferment

enclosed

figment

deactivate



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U NI T

2

1. Which is NOT mentioned as a feature of space kimchi?

Preserved nutritional value

Health benefits to astronauts

The same odor as regular kimchi

The same flavor as regular kimchi

Deactivated bacteria which can’t reproduce

2. What could happen if the bacteria in kimchi mutated in space?

It could cause to astronauts or .


expressions.

After years of research, kimchi has been approved for space travel. In addition

to its many , kimchi is a staple in any

Korean’s diet. Now, Korean astronauts will be a little less homesick

a new method of producing and packaging

kimchi for space travel. Space kimchi is treated with

to stop the and it’s just as healthy and tasty

as .

thanks to fermentation process regular kimchi

health benefits radiation

illness damage to the spaceship

thanks to

radiation

fermentation process

regular kimchi

health benefits


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U NI T

2 .S ci ence&

T ech nol ogy

R E V I E W


affect candidate impact relieve predator

1. One effective way to stress is to exercise regularly.

2. Unfortunately, problems at home were beginning to his studies.

3. She was surprised to be chosen as a in the upcoming election.

4. It is unclear what kind of long-term this will have on the economy.

5. A porcupine will thrust its sharp spines into an attacking .


A B

1. look similar to remember

2. keep in mind put oneself in danger

3. take a risk be difficult to pick out

4. blend in with resemble

C. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate expressions.

1. I turned the boiler on, so the room should heat soon. (= get warm)

2. He’s not such a bad person once you get to him. (= become close with)

3. My height usually makes me stick wherever I am. (= noticeable)

4. Those who sought the treasure never found it. (= searched for)

5. Many foreign words have made their into our language. (= entered)

relieve

affect

candidate

up

know

out

way

after

impact

predator

34


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R E A D I N G

EDGE

D. Complete each sentence, using the words from the box. Change the form,

if necessary.

activate appetizing decisive breakthrough superior

1. Mike is . He even has a hard time choosing what to eat for lunch.

2. The company has shown in bio-engineering.

3. They say it’s a famous local dish, but to me it looks very .

4. The men arrived at the scene and worked quickly to the bomb.

5. They made a significant in the Asian market.


1. Dave was so that no one could rival him.

sensitive naive level-headed relieved

2. The engineer explained that the pump uses water pressure.

bionic prosthetic hydraulic ergonomic

3. The river carries nutrients and them in mudflats near the sea.

deposits reproduces camouflages destroys

4. Give the grape juice time to , and you'll have a nice bottle of wine.

explode mutate ferment melt

5. The fifth leg provides extra for the heavy marble surface.

workspace comfort pressure support

indecisive

superiority

unappetizing

deactivate

breakthrough

35


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U NI T

2 .S ci ence&

T ech nol ogy

S P E E D R E A D I N G A verb tells you what the subject of the sentence is, has, does, or feels.

Brian is a doctor.

He treats the patients.

He loves his job because he can help people.

Kinds of Verb

An intransitive verb does not need a direct object to complete the action.

He swims.

S V

A linking verb is used with a complement that explains the subject of the sentence.

He is generous with his patients. (He = generous)

S V C

A transitive verb requires a direct object to complete its meaning in the sentence.

He helps people.

S V O

Verbs followed by certain types of objects

- verbs followed by gerunds: enjoy, keep, finish, quit, avoid, give up, mind, etc.

- verbs followed by to-infinitives: decide, promise, hope, learn, plan, want, need, etc.

- verbs followed by both gerunds and to-infinitives: like, love, hate, start, begin

- verbs followed by either gerunds or to-infinitives (in each case, the meaning of the

sentence is different.): remember, forget, try, stop, etc.

Kinds of Verbs

36


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EDGE

Mini Test

Which one best fits the blank?

1. I thought I was going too fast across the track. At that point I realized I needed to

get off the bike. I remembered both wheels with the brakes.

lock locking to lock

2. When you finish looking around there, don’t forget your photos online!

As you know, I love photos of animals. If you send me photos of the polar bears,

I would appreciate it very much!

post posting to post

3. On my way to the airport, I stopped “good-bye” to my friends. Since

my departure was quite sudden, they were surprised and gave me big hugs.

say saying to say

4. You can e-mail us using your own language, but remember your name

clearly using English letters and show your student number.

write writing to write

5. City council decided to stop and allocating bottled water in city-owned

buildings, hoping it would promote the use of water drinking fountains.

purchase purchasing to purchase

37


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Only the unreasonable man persists in trying to adapt the world to himself.

Therefore, all progress depends on the unreasonable man.- George Bernard Shaw


39/116

Reading 1 Fireworks

Reading 2 Namdaemun

Reading 3 Mosuo, the Last Matriarchal Society

Reading 4 Afternoon TeaReading 5 Unbelievable Ancient Surgeons

History & Culture

3Unit


40/116


EDGE

40

Looking up into the night sky on any

major holiday, you may be awed bybeautiful displays of light. Since their

invention in China during the Han

Dynasty, fireworks have become a

universal method of celebration. They

have come a long way since their humble

beginnings.

In their infancy, fireworks were very

basic. Early fireworks were only available in white or gold tones and limited shapes.

Gunpowder was put inside bamboo shafts and set alight, creating an impressive bang

and glow. At that time, people believed that the dramatic noise and the glow would

ward off evil spirits and enemies.

In the late 14th century, Italian explorer, Marco Polo brought fireworks technology

to Europe, it improved greatly. By the 1830’s Italians discovered that

different colors and effects could be created by adding chemicals to the gunpowder.

Thanks to their discovery, a range of colorful displays wow audiences today.

In addition to new colors and shapes, fireworks nowadays are accompanied bybeautiful music. Most major celebrations set off pyrotechnics by computer, not by

hand as in the past. Computer synchronization allows fireworks to go off in time

with the music to create an unforgettable show. Many countries have elaborate and

expensive annual fireworks displays, which fascinate both locals and tourists around

the world.

infancy: an early stage of something

tone: any color mixed with white to create a lighter version

shaft: hollow pole

alight: catching on fire

glow: a soft light

wow: to give an impressive performance

synchronization: causing things to happen at the same time and speed as each other


where


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41

History & Culture

U NI T

3

1. What is the writer mainly talking about in the passage?

The significance of the first fireworks

How fireworks were developed

How people enjoy festive occasions

Who first came up with the idea of fireworks

Computer technology and its effect on fireworks

2. What is the most appropriate word for the blank?


Early fireworks were available in limited colors.

The Chinese first came up with a way to add color to fireworks.

Thanks to computer technology, people can enjoy elaborate fireworks

display.

T I P Dance to Chase Away Evil Spirits

On Chinese New Year, you can see the traditional lion dance in Chinatowns

around the world. Performers wearing lion costumes march along, mimicking a

lion`s movements. It is a kind of ceremony to exorcise evil spirits and bring luck

and fortune for the coming year. Though slightly different, this lion dance is

performed in other Asian cultures including Korea.

F

T

T

where

Speed Reading


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2

R E A D I N G

EDGE

42

arson: the crime of deliberately burning a building

spark: to cause something to start happening

civic: relating to a city or the people who live in it

guardian: a person or organization that tries to protect something

heritage: the traditional beliefs, values, customs, etc., of a family or group of people

vigilantly: carefully, attentively

designated: chosen by someone for a particular job or purpose

The recent arson of the 600-year-old gate at Namdaemun has affected Koreans of

all ages. It has also sparked the question: (a)One option is to create a group to keep a watchful eye

on Korea’s remaining cultural treasures, ensuring their protection. Other countries

have formed similar movements in the past with great success.

Since 1895, a civic group, called the National Trust, has worked to preserve and

protect the coastline, countryside and buildings of England, Wales and Northern

Ireland. It acts as a guardian of the nation, protecting the treasures and heritage of

the United Kingdom. Thanks to their diligence, it’s not surprising to find an

abundance of (b) (well-preserving, well-preserved) history as we travel across the

U.K.

Now may be the time for Koreans to turn

sorrow into positive action by forming a

similar group to vigilantly protect Korea’s

remaining heritage. With a designated form

of protection in place, Koreans can feel

secure that their heritage and treasures will

be kept alive for the enjoyment of future

generations.



How can Korea protect its valuable cultural

assets from further destruction?


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U NI T

3

History & Culture

1. Which is the most appropriate expression for the blank (a)?

What is the role of the National Trust?

How much will it cost to rebuild the structure?

How can the U.K. protect its treasures from arson?

How can the government influence people to form a civic group?

How can Korea protect its valuable cultural assets from further

destruction?

2. What is the grammatically correct form for (b)?


Paragraph 1 The occurrence of a tragic event

Paragraph 2 The lesson that Koreans should learn fromthis event

Paragraph 3 Efforts to preserve a national heritage by

creating a civic group

well-preserved

T I P Angkor Wat

Angkor Wat is a famous temple in Cambodia. Once the nation`s capital city and

state temple, it remains a significant world heritage site and attracts many tourists

from around the world. However, due to natural erosion, Angkor Wat is in very

poor condition. Now, various countries are participating in restoration work to

bring this site back to its former splendor.


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3

R E A D I N G

EDGE

44

Near the beautiful sapphire Lugu Lake in China,

there is a small and unique ethnic group calledthe Mosuo. (a) The Mosuo are one of the last

societies in the world in which a woman rules the

clan. The current estimated population of Mosuo

is around 50,000 people.

What makes this group unique is that the Mosuo

culture is described as matriarchal, (b) which a

woman is the head of the clan. Usually, they tend

to trace their lineage

. The matriarch is so important that

(c) the family may even adopt a woman from another family to take over the house,

if there is no one to inherit the family.

At about thirteen years of age, after the ceremony of initiation, girls are considered to

be full members of the clan and are given keys to their own rooms. Traditionally, a

Mosuo woman who is interested in a particular man will invite him to come after

dark and spend the night with her in her room. The man has the right to visit his love

at night in her private chamber in the house of her clan. But the next morning at dawn

he must leave. He has no right to live with her, or even to eat at her home. (d) When a

child is born, the child is raised by his or her mother in her house.

Even with all their fidelity to tradition, things are changing very quickly in the

Mosuo culture. It is not uncommon (e) to find at least one or two homes in a village

that have a satellite antenna in the courtyard. Who knows how long it will be before

Starbucks or McDonald’s appear in the village as well? Change has had a significant

impact on the Mosuo culture.

through the female side of

their family

ethnic: relating to different racial groups of people

clan: a group of people consisting of families

matriarchal: having women rule a family, clan, or tribe

lineage: the series of families from which they are directly descended

inherit: to receive some property from someone

initiation: starting of something

fidelity: loyalty to a person or a set of beliefs




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U NI T

3

History & Culture

T I P The Land of Female Warriors

According to Greek mythology, the Amazons were a society of female warriors.

They were very fierce warriors who supposedly cut off their right breasts. Can you

guess why? It was so that they could use a bow more freely and throw spears

effectively. In their culture, there was no place for men, and, if they gave birth to

male babies, they gave those babies to neighboring tribes.

1. Which topic would best follow the passage?

Where Mosuo is located

Who will inherit the family in Mosuo

What will happen to the countryside of China

How Mosuo is undergoing certain changes

Changing gender roles in Chinese society

2. Which is the most appropriate expression for the blank ? through adoption

by exchanging cultures

through the female side of their family

by keeping women as the bread winners

by preserving their own family


(b)

Speed Reading


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4

R E A D I N G

EDGE

46

Imagine you’ve just arrived at Heathrow Airport

in London this afternoon. Your body needs somerest and you’re craving something sweet. It’s a

good time to be in London. Look for London’s

sumptuous Grand Hotel, nearby. Sipping tea

while relaxing in a comfortable sofa and enjoying

the setting sun will make you feel like the Queen.

For over 150 years, afternoon tea has been part of

British tradition. How did this tradition get

started? (a) In the early 19th century, people

usually took only two meals a day. (b) Naturally,

people felt hungry waiting so long between

meals. (c) It was Anna, the 7th Duchess of Bedford, who first started having

afternoon tea. Anna, who experienced a “sinking feeling” during the late afternoon,

ordered her staff to bring her a pot of tea, bread, and cakes to appease her appetite.

(d) Of course, most Londoners couldn’t afford this luxury. (e)

London has many world famous hotels, which serve afternoon tea with mouth-

watering finger sandwiches, warm scones, and pastries on a gorgeous tray. Just pay a

visit there to feel the elegance and luxury of a bygone age. Before you go, remember

the following tips. Tea time falls between 3 and 5 o’clock, and some hotels require

bookings to be made weeks or even months in advance. Most hotels don’t require

formal attire, but some still insist on it. Make sure to check the dress code before

you leave the house. In some venues, men will not be allowed in without a tie, so

don’t even think about wearing jeans and sneakers!

sumptuous: costly, splendid

sip: to drink a little at a time

appease: to try to stop a person from being angry by giving what they want

mouth-watering: appetizing enough to make the mouth water

elegance: grace

bygone: past



This became the fashion

among London’s upper class, leading to the opening of tea houses in London.


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U NI T

3

History & Culture

1. Where does the following sentence best fit?

(a) (b) (c) (d) (e)

2. Which is NOT mentioned about the tradition in the passage?

Who introduced the tradition into Britain

What is normally served with tea

When afternoon tea is offered

How to dress properly for tea time

What table manners to use during tea time

3. Why did the Duchess probably experience a “sinking feeling”?

Choose your answer from the passage.

Because she

T I P Tea Party on a Ship?

Have you heard of the ‘Boston Tea Party?’ It sounds like a peaceful afternoon

gathering of ladies from Boston, but actually it was a historical act by American

colonists against England. As a protest against taxing the colonies, Americans

tossed many crates of tea into the Boston Harbor. This event led to America`s

fight for independence from England.

felt hungry

This became the fashion among London’s upper class, leading to

the opening of tea houses in London.


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5

R E A D I N G

EDGE

48

In 1960, the discovery of an ancient

papyrus revealed that the ancient Egyptiansperformed surgery on wounds. The papyrus

shows that ancient Egyptian surgeons had a

basic understanding of human organs and

were able to reduce the chances of

infection by removing minor cysts and

tumors with the use of various herbs. It

describes how to stitch up an open wound

using an acacia thorn as a needle. Though

their methods were crude in comparison to modern medicine, ancient Egyptiansurgeons were leagues ahead of others during their time.

Since the daily lives of the ancient Egyptians involved a great deal of hard labor,

injuries were common. In the case of damage to an arm or a leg where / which could

not be repaired, the limb would be removed completely. The Egyptian doctors

performed surgery using tools such as knives, drills, saws, hooks, and forceps. They

even used a vase with burning incense as an early form of aromatherapy. The use of

hot copper medical instruments to cut out damaged tissue and to seal blood vessels

was also common practice.

Interestingly, surgeons in ancient Egypt had two jobs. They were both priests and

doctors, combining ritual with medicine. They believed that sickness was caused by

the wrath of the gods or an evil spirit entering the body. Thus, they used various

magic spells and remedies to guard against evil spirits and help cure the sick.

a disease caused by germs or bacteria:

a mass of abnormal cells that has grown in a person’s body:

being very simple and not detailed:

a substance which is burned for removing bad smell:

a religious service or other ceremonies:

anger:

something for curing people:


infection

tumor

crude

incense

wrath

remedy

ritual



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49

U NI T

3

History & Culture

1. Which is the best title for this passage?

The Historical Value of Papyrus in Ancient Times

Egyptian Doctors and Their Medical Practices

Surgical Techniques in Ancient Times

Egyptians’ Crude Medical Techniques

Egyptian Doctors and Their Social Status

2. Which is the most appropriate word for the underlined part?


expressions.

Thanks to their advanced techniques, ancient

Egyptian doctors can be called the of modern surgery.

Their medicines and surgical techniques were very

at the time. Although Egyptians believed that physical ailments were

the of angering the gods, this did

not stop them from finding effective ways to treat the sick.

forefathers misconception result medical sophisticated

which

forefathers

sophisticated

result misconception

medical

Speed Reading


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U NI T

3 .H i st or y & C ul t ur e

R E V I E W


attire method initiation heritage damage

1. Here is a simple for making an apple pie.

2. It is hard to say whether our cultural should be exported or not.

3. Though the was not very difficult, the process was harder.

4. For a job interview, a T-shirt and jeans are inappropriate .

5. The purpose of this report is to describe symptoms of brain

and treatment strategies.


A B

1. humble racial

2. valuable worthy

3. ethnic skilled

4. experienced ceremonial

5. ritual modest

C. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate prepositions.

1. Our products are available in a range colorful designs and sizes.

2. You should wear sun-block to protect your skin the sun.

3. Technology has had a significant impact achievements in all subject areas.

4. A lot of stress can lead a serious disorder.

5. What are the advantages of development comparison to preservation?

method

heritage

damage

of

from

on

in

to

initiation

attire

50


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R E A D I N G

EDGE

D. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate expressions. Use the given words.

1. The updated database can be used for purposes. (vary)

2. Jeff checked his schedule for any errands. (remain)

3. An 65% of people have internet access at home. (estimate)

4. Due to the increase in online , offline reservations are rather

rare. (book)


1. The film was well known for its scenes and music.

respectful elaborate civil round

2. Good personality is an important when working with others.

value asset character desire

3. Simon decided to his family business.

inherit cause include function

4. The astonishing dish was good enough to critics in Paris.

research try disappoint appease

5. Jennifer never fully recovered from an ear she got last winter.

medicine interest increase infection

various

remaining

estimated

booking

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U NI T

3 .H i st or y & C ul t ur e

S P E E D R E A D I N G You can combine two or more simple sentences using relative clauses.

Relative clauses are used:

- To modify the preceding noun.

- To give additional information about the preceding noun.

Relative nouns and relative adverbs

When you talk about a person or a thing, use relative nouns: who / whose / who(m) /

which / that

- Dave is a boy who has a guitar.

When you talk about the time, use the relative adverb: when

- His father bought the guitar last month when it was on sale.

When you talk about the place, use the relative adverb: where

- His father stopped by the music shop where he bought the guitar.

Read the following. Think of the simple sentences that are combined.

When you talk about a person: who

- Mike is pointing at a girl who is wearing glasses.

Mike is pointing at a girl. She is wearing glasses.

When you talk about time: when

- I miss the time when we first met. I miss the time. We first met then.

When you talk about a place: where

- I want to go to the restaurant where we first met.

I want to go to the restaurant. We first met there.

Relative Clauses

52


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R E A D I N G

EDGE

Mini Test

Which linking words best fit the blanks?

1. It is estimated that people are highly stressed have four times as

many infections as those who are not under stress.

whose whom that

2. Raymond Carver, has been ranked among the best American short

story writers of the twentieth century, used simple prose, realistic dialogue, and

common characters.

who which whom

3. Communication charges for the month you cancel the service will be

covered by the discount.

when where why

4. Surely, the picture below shows a less pleasant aspect of the park

society infringes on the backwoods.

when where why

5. When you feel depressed, it is a good idea to go to a place you have

never been before.

when why where

53


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Life would be unbearable if we could never escape to the consolations of great art.

- by E.H. Gombrich


55/116

Reading 1 Prom Party

Reading 2 The Batik Style of Cloth Dyeing

Reading 3 Edgar Degas’ Paintings

Reading 4 In Memory of RostropovichReading 5 Sapporo Snow Festival

Art & Festival

4Unit


56/116


EDGE

56

In the States, Prom is by far the largest event

in an adolescents’ life. At the end of thefinal year of high school it is common to see

graduates in tuxedos or beautiful ball gowns

and hairdos. Why is Prom such a big deal?

Not only is it the final graduation party of

high school, it also symbolizes a coming of

age that begins the road to adulthood.

As Senior Prom draws closer, the main concerns for graduates are what to wear,

who their date will be, and transportation to the big event. Since it is a formal event,

all the men wear black tie attire and the women wear beautiful gowns. Graduates

also travel in style, most (arrive) in stretch limousines. Male

graduates will often go to great lengths to ask their dates to Prom. Some even ask

the big question in skywriting, where a plane loops and swirls in the air, spelling out

“Will you be my Prom date?” in smoke in the middle of the sky. These days, it is not

uncommon for the girls to reverse the role and invite a guy to Prom.

(a) During the event there is an elaborate dinner, dancing, and the Prom King and

Queen are crowned. (b) You may wonder how the King and Queen are selected. (c)

Over their senior year, high school students participate in many school events such

as extracurricular clubs and activities. (d) Sports and cheerleading teams are popular

with junior students as well. (e) The people most likely to be crowned Prom King

and Queen are popular and very (involve) in school activities.

arriving

involved

senior: a student in their final year of high school

concern: things that one is interested in

graduate: a student who successfully completed a period of study

uncommon: unusual, special

reverse: to arrange something in the opposite of the usual order

elaborate: having detailed parts



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1. Which does NOT fit in the passage? Choose one from (a) to (e).

2. What are the most appropriate expressions for blanks and?

Use the given words.


The Senior Prom is held at the end of the final year of high school.

Some boys create elaborate plans to ask a girl to Prom.

Popularity is the only factor considered when choosing the Prom King

and Queen.

T I P J-U-M-P!

What comes to your mind when you think of cheerleading? Girls in short skirts

with pom-poms? You may be surprised to learn that not all cheerleaders are girls;

there are boys as well. Actually, cheerleading is a kind of sport combining dance,

tumbling, jumps, and stunts. There are cheerleading competitions, too!

F

T

arriving involved

(d)

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variation: something that is presented in a slightly different form

renowned: having a good reputation for something

resist: to refuse to do something

intricate: having many small parts

multitude: a very large number of people or something

originality: a quality that has creativity

Have you ever wondered how detailed

drawings can be created on cloth? TheBatik style of cloth dyeing is a special

technique used to create beautiful

pictures and (a) elaborate designs on

pieces of cloth, turning them into works

of art. Batik originated over 2000 years

ago, but variations of this technique are

still used today. Batik art is particularly

popular in Java, Indonesia, (b) an area

which is renowned for it’s beautiful textiles. So how is Batik cloth art made?

First, beeswax is heated until it becomes liquid. It is then painted onto the fabric

using a tiny metal funnel attached to a small stick, similar to a fountain pen. (c) The

wax-covered areas resist dyes, sealed in the original color for the remainder of the

dyeing process. Next, the cloth is dyed; a new color and more wax is applied. The

artist will repeat this process of waxing and dyeing many times. Although the

concept is simple, (d) the designs can be as imaginative and intricate as the artist

likes. The key is to begin with the lightest colors and work up to the darkest. This

way, a multitude of colors can be used.

These days more advanced techniques are used, including stencils and

computerization. (e) These advances allow Batik cloth art to be mass produced

quickly and inexpensively. But, like all mass produced products, the new Batik

lacks a certain originality. However, those who want traditional hand-made Batik

cloth need not worry. There are still many Batik artists around the world who

continue to produce these one-of-a-kind cloth masterpieces.

2

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1. Which is NOT true according to the passage? Choose two.

Batik cloth dyeing has a long history.

Batik cloth has various styles of designs.

Limited colors are preferred in Batik art.

High technology adds more creativity to Batik cloth dyeing.

For consumers who prefer hand-made art, Batik cloth is a good choice.



Paragraph 1 The process of making Batik cloth art

Paragraph 2 What Batik cloth art is

Paragraph 3 The modernization of Batik cloth art

T I P What Colors Can Say About You

In the olden days, dyeing clothes cost a lot of money. Only rich people could afford

to wear colorful cloths. Back then, substances from nature were used to dye like

flowers, plants, clay, and even insects! In the 1850’s, synthetic dye was

discovered. It was much cheaper than natural dye and offered a variety of colors.

(c) sealed sealing

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Sometimes, looking at an artist’s painting will tell

you more than you expect. Edgar Degas’ painting(a) (portray) ballerinas will

transport you to a ballet hall in Paris.

Hilaire Germain Edgar Degas(1834-1917) was

one of the most perceptive painters in the history

of art. As his six hundred images of ballet dancers

represent, he depicted the scenes precisely as he

saw them.

Though he was, and still, is generally classed with

the Impressionists, his unique style of paintings

made him stand out. Personally, he wanted to be regarded as a Realist.

One day, Edgar Degas met his friends and admirers and they decided to visit a cafe.

When one of his admirers tried to call a horse-drawn cab, Degas refused and said. “I

don’t like cabs. You don’t see anyone. That’s why I love to ride on the omnibus

you can look at people. We were created to look at one another, weren’t we?”

As reflected by this episode, he made every effort to capture (b)(fleet) moments of perfect movement and spontaneous gesture. It’s not surprising

that Degas’ ballet dancers and other portraits are ranked among the finest in the

entire history of art.

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EDGE

perceptive: good at noticing or realizing things

class: to put in a certain group, classify

reflect: to show an attitude that exists

capture: to represent something immaterial in permanent form

fleeting: not lasting

spontaneous: resulting from a natural feeling without any effort

rank: to assign a certain position, rate


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portraying

fleeting



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Art & Festival

T I P The Art of Capturing the Moment

Croquis drawing is a technique used to draw a live model in a very short time,

usually only a few minutes. The word ‘croquis’ comes from the French, meaning

to ‘sketch.’ The key of croquis drawing is to capture the essence of the model

without detail. Before the emergence of photography, croquis was the only

method available to capture the moment.

1. Which can NOT be inferred from the passage?

Degas depicted objects in detail.

Degas liked to catch images of moving objects.

Degas is widely recognized as an Impressionist.

Degas was very skillful in depicting human movements.

Degas’ drawings represent typical impressionist artwork.

2. Complete the following sentence.

In view of Edgar Degas’ painting techniques, he regarded himself as

a(n) rather than a(n).

3. What are the most appropriate word forms for blanks (a) and

(b)? Use the given words.

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Realist Impressionist

portraying fleeting

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Read the following and answer the questions.4

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patron: someone who sponsors a certain organization

interlude: instrumental music played between the parts of a song

intermission: a period of time between two parts of an event

conductor: the director of an orchestra

legendary: well-known, famous

bestow: to give something


In Memory of Rostropovich, the Greatest Cellist of Our Time

London Symphony Orchestra

Patron: HM The Queen

Tuesday, April 01, 2008

Barbican Center

Britten Four Sea Interludes from Peter Grimes , OP 33a

Schumann Cello Concerto in A minor , OP 129

Intermission: twenty minutes

Prokofiev Symphony Concerto for Cello and Orchestra , OP 125

Colin Davis conductor

Steven Isserlis cello

Mstislav Rostropovich(1927 - 2007) was a

legendary musician and human rights

activist. He was an (a) (energy)

conductor as well as a mentor and (b)

(inspire) to young gifted

cellists and composers. Born into a

famous musical family in 1927 in the

former USSR, he began studying the

piano at the age of four. When he was

eight, he switched to the cello. In 1942, he

made his cello debut, then went on to make his conducting debut in 1961. During

his lifetime he received the Stalin Prize and was named a People’s Artist of the

former USSR. In addition, many honorary degrees and over 90 major awards were

bestowed upon him by 26 different nations. He passed away in 2007.

There will be a reception in the main lobby following the performance.

energetic

inspiration


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1. For what purpose is the concert held?

To attract more patrons for the Orchestra

To lament the sudden death of a musician

To play music by award-winning composers

To honor a great cellist and his achievements

To celebrate the history of the cello repertoire

2. Which is NOT mentioned in the passage? How long the intermission will last

When Rostropovich started his career as a conductor

Who influenced Rostropovich a lot as a composer

Where the reception will be held

Who sponsors the London Symphony Orchestra

3. What are the most appropriate word forms for blanks (a) and

(b)? Use the given words.

T I P Left Behind

Stradivarius violins are well known for their quality of sound and unbelievable

price. However, only a few know that the gifted crafter, Antonio Stradivari, also

made some of the most expensive cellos in the world. Yo-Yo Ma plays one of

them, the Davidov Stradivarius cello. Once, he left this 2.5 million dollar cello in

the trunk of a New York taxi. Luckily, he kept the taxi receipt and was able to

retrieve it in time for his concert.

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R E A D I N G

EDGE

If you saw a life-sized dinosaur on the streets of Japan, would you pinch yourself? You

may not be dreaming! During the Sapporo Snow Festival, amazing snow and icesculptures transform the city into a winter wonderland. From the breathtaking snow

sculptures at Odori Park, to the magnificent ice sculptures at Susukino, the festival

attracts millions of visitors every year. Although the festival began simply, with six

students building snow sculptures at Odori Park back in 1955, the Sapporo Snow

Festival has become Japan’s largest winter event.

In years where there hasn’t been enough snow to sustain the festival, the community

gets a helping hand from the soldiers at the local Makokmanai Base. This Self-Defense

Force, who made

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