smart grid d solutions -...

SMART GRID Solutions

(below MV level)

Marvin Gonsalves

D

Outline

• Why the bustle on Smart Grid (SG)?

• Overview of an SG Ecosystem

• SG Network Technology

• Common Models

• Various Technologies Adopted by Different Countries

• Smart Learnings

• Implementation Issues

• Roles of Stakeholders

• Critical Success Factors

What is Smart Grid?

NIST’s definition: "a modernized grid that enables bidirectional

flows of energy and uses two-way communication and control

capabilities that will lead to an array of new functionalities and

applications."

The smart grid is a planned nationwide network that uses information

technology to deliver electricity efficiently, reliably, and securely.

It's been called "electricity with a brain," "the energy internet," and "the electronet."

• Electric demand is expected to grow by 30 percent

• Energy efficiency is counted as part of our future energy supply

Trends Driving Power System Evolution

Renewable Energy Cost Reductions

Global Trend in Solar PV Module Price

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TOTAL RENEWABLE CAPACITY Capacity in Megawatt

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Capacity in Megawatt

TOTAL RENEWABLE CAPACITY


Renewable Energy Cost Reductions Innovations in ICT and Energy Technologies

A Look Ahead: Technology Innovation



Energy Security and Resilience Goals

14

Energy Security: reduced

reliance on fossil fuels in favor of renewables

Grid Resilience: against

increasing frequency and

severity of extreme weather events

Energy Security and Grid Resilience

Evolving Customer Engagement



Energy Security and Resilience Goals

15

• Energy Efficiency

• Smart Appliances

• Distributed

Energy Resources

• Electric Vehicles

• Grid Flexibility

…More Choices and Control with Increased Convenience and Comfort

The Future Customer Experience

SG Ecosystem

CUSTOMER

• Empowerment

• Better Decisions

Typical SG Ecosystem

Sources: US National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA), http://www.nema.org || Schneider Electric, http://www.schneider-electric.com || US Department of Energy, http://www.smartgrid.gov

GENERATION

SUBSTATION

Fault Location, Isolation and Service Restoration (FLISR)

• Designed to decrease the duration of outages and number of customers affected

DISTRIBUTION AUTOMATION

• An integrated system combining distribution management (DMS) and outage management (OMS) systems

ADVANCED DISTRIBUTION MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (ADMS)

• Upgrade of existing substations in compliance with latest industry-standard IEC 61850

SUBSTATION AUTOMATION

• Upgrade of existing system control center and operations dispatch centers

CONTROL CENTER MODERNIZATION

Comms Network

Integrated Volt-Var Optimization (IVVO)

• Aims to minimize technical losses and manage voltage within acceptable limits

• Addresses supply deficiencies by establishing programs that motivate change in customers’ consumption behavior

DEMAND RESPONSE (DR)*

• Addresses technical barriers for using renewable and distributed energy resources

• Ensure good power quality despite variability

DISTRIBUTED ENERGY RESOURCES (DER) Integration*

Advanced Network Automation

Field Equipment

REMOTE-CONTROLLED LINE SWITCHES

REMOTE-CONTROLLED LINE RECLOSERS

REMOTE-CONTROLLED LINE CAPACITORS

REMOTE-CONTROLLED VOLTAGE REGULATORS

FAULTED CIRCUIT INDICATOR (FCI)

SMART METERS DIST. TRANSFORMER MONITORING EQPT.

SCADA Remote Terminal Unit (RTU) SUB

STATIO

N

DISTR

IBU

TION

SUPERVISORY CONTROL AND DATA ACQUISITION (SCADA)

ADVANCED DISTRIBUTION MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (ADMS)

Back-end System

Running since 2004 Real-time network monitoring and

control

DMS and OMS Runs FLISR and IVVO

applications

Communications Infrastructure

WIDE AREA NETWORK Fiber Optics

Narrowband Radio Microwave

LAST MILE COMMUNICATIONS RF Mesh

Power Line Carrier (PLC) GPRS

Distribution Automation

Supply-Demand curve without DR

Establishment of various programs that encourage changes in electric use by end-use customers in response to changes in the price of electricity over time, or to give incentive payments designed to induce lower electricity use at times of high market prices or when grid reliability is jeopardized

Addresses power supply deficiencies

Mitigates price spikes in the spot market (WESM)

Enables customers to manage their consumption

FEATURES BENEFITS

Supply-Demand curve with DR Incentive-based

DR Programs

Interruptible Load Direct Load Control Demand Bidding Capacity Market

Price-based DR Programs

Time of Use (TOU) Real-time Pricing Critical Peak Pricing

Source: U.S. DOE Report on Demand Response; February 2006

Demand Response

Source: GreenTech Media Research

Set of programs that aims to effectively integrate DERs

Study of DER’s operational characteristics to evaluate its impact to the network

Implementation of systems and technologies

Allows the network to accommodate high penetration of DERs and intermittent renewables

Enable DERs to provide grid support

Facilitates customer participation in the energy market

FEATURES BENEFITS

DER Management System (DERMS) ADMS Customers

Bulk Power Market

Distributed Energy Resources (integration)

Distribution Transformer Monitoring

Asset Monitoring

Monitor condition and loading of DTs to minimize premature failures

Enhance situational awareness

Demand Response (DR)

Manage peak demand and avoid high WESM prices by implementing DR programs like time-varying rates or direct load control

Pilferage Detection

Pinpoint areas with high saturation of electricity theft through comparison of aggregated customer meter data versus DT meter data

+

PRES, Postpaid+, HANA, AMI for EMC, AMI for Non-residential

Extending AMI application to the monitoring of distribution transformers

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Outage Management

Outage notification when fault occurred at the DT or secondary circuit

23

AMI for Network Efficiency

Internet of Things for SG

The Internet of Things (is changing the Energy Sector & its added value chain) Market forces require the transformation of the energy and utilities industry value chain

(1) Consumer role in energy management / conservation is increasingly important

(2) Aging assets but increased expectations for reliability and workforce productivity

(3) Changes driven by growth in renewable energy generation and distributed resources

(4) Increasing attention to climate change and environmental concerns

(5) Changing demand dynamics vs. pressure for reliability

The Internet of Things (is changing the Energy Sector & its added value chain) Intelligent Things enable new use cases while the utility sector develops new energy-related services

Applying business analytics to data collected from smart meters and other devices in real time to gain insights for better business decisions and automation is becoming paramount.

(1) Load Profiling

(2) Demand Response Program Evaluation

(3) Detection of Energy Theft

(4) Data Collection Analysis

(5) Grid Loss

(6) Event Tracking and Trending

(7) Modeling New Rate Programs

(8) Distribution Network Planning

(9) Outage Analysis

A Utility’s SG Programs should enable permanent IoT customer experience value

One System to rule them all, One System to run them; One System to control them all and in pricing bind them…

SG Network Technologies

Typical AMI System Smart

Meter

Collector or

Concentrator

Backhaul

Communication

Intelligent System

( ( ( ) ) )

Wired

Wireless

Choice of Communication Network

Not really a love dilemma but a necessity today…

SG Roadmap should define the applications & the expectations for the comms network

Example of communication network solution used by other countries in support of their SG program

Source: MW Consulting (www.mwconsultingcorp.com)

Current strengths and weaknesses of different communication network technologies

Path Loss Model Range Predictions

DT w/ monitor

Network Provider

Server

Operations Center

System Planner/ Analyst

Asset Owner/ Manager

Other Authorized User

Legend:

- Metering

-Outage Notification

On-call Crew

-data collection engine -monitoring and management -data analytics portal

(Future integration with other systems)

Others • Support to Renewable Energy Integration

-identifies voltage swell/sag and PQ problems (optional); identifies load balancing and DT power flow (4 quadrant reading) • Support to Demand Response

-Provides information on the peak demand reduction • Support to Integrated Volt-Var Optimization

-Provides information on the near real time voltage of the secondary system

Revenue Protection (used in conjunction with smart meters) • detects theft and technical losses (when and how much) • assists with meter-to-transformer mapping functions • ensures meters are reading kWh accurately through AMI auditing

Asset Management • maps the health of your distribution transformer • locates impending transformer failures • identifies load balancing and power flow • identifies voltage swell/sag and PQ problems

Outage Detection and Analysis • expedites outage notification and restoration • assist in planning of pre-arranged interruption • minimizes SAIDI and unserved energy

Smart Learnings

How do Smart Grid program drivers vary among different countries?


Why do Smart Grid programs encounter difficulty in securing full-scale approval? 1. Company culture resistance to change

2. Lack of executive champion

3. Inability to quantify business case benefits and what AMI and Smart Grid means

4. Constant arrival of new network technologies and a hope these can overcome business case weakness

How do Smart Grid program drivers vary among different countries?


0.84M

3.2M

5.1M

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4.6M

0.90M

10M+

2.0M

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7.2M

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4.2M

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KEPCO (Grid)

AMI

PV Battery

PCS

Smart Light

Smart Outlet

Multi Power Meter

ESS Building

Factory Building

Office Building

Battery in Smart Grid Station

Power Line Communication Line

SGS Smart Grid Station

Client Server

Power Receiving

Room

Panel Board

Multi Power Meter

Smart Grid Roadmap Examples


The utility’s Key Success Factors are People, Processes, Plans and Methods.

1. Willingness to change and has the grit to be relevant in a rapidly evolving industry

2. Passionate Executive Champion

3. Trusted Core Team

4. Engaged Subject Matter Experts

5. Effective Plans • Program Foundation reflecting the utility’s business needs • Procurement reflects the Program’s Foundation that buys a Solution that will comply with the Contract • Contract - clear, comprehensive, concise, KPIs • Implementation and Operation & Maintenance

6. Implementation Team and Plan – stop the meetings, it’s time to execute the plans

7. Risk Management Plan

8. Support Team, e.g., • Steering Committee • Business Process Owners • Legal Team • Regulatory Team • Communication Team – internal and external stakeholders • Human Resources

MW Consulting Copyright 2017 - Proprietary and Confidential

Successful implementation requires meeting the goals involving 4 primary stakeholders and multiple additional interested parties

1. Utility Key Result Area (KRA) Expectations 1. Accurate Vision

2. Implementable Strategy

3. Credible Business Case

4. Prudent Contract

5. Manageable Risk

6. Successful RFP

7. Effective Contract

8. Successful Implementation

9. Enabled Program Expansion

10. Meets Evolving Market Challenges

2. Customer KRA Expectations - VFM

3. Regulatory KRA Expectations - VFM

4. Supplier KRA Expectations

MW Consulting Copyright 2017 - Proprietary and Confidential 53

Roles of Stakeholders

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Key Assessment Criteria that differentiate fitting Smart Grid Solutions

Selecting the best Smart Grid Solution involves a detailed mapping of Functional needs by application to technology capabilities, total life cost and all risk details

SMART

GRID Solutions

TECHNOLOGY

Does Technology

Support ALL

Functionalities?

TECHNOLOGY

Defines the essential capabilities

underlying the expected

performance today and for

evolutionary needs

SMART

GRID Solutions Hardware

Capabilities Software

Capabilities

People Capabilities

TECHNOLOGY

Defines the essential capabilities

undelying the expected performance

today and for evolutionary needs

SMART

GRID Solutions Does the technology

support ALL the critical

functionalities?

SMART

GRID Solutions

FUNCTIONALITY Capabilities needed to create the business case

projected benefits and enable expansion options

AMI Requirement Specification

DR Requirement Specification

DA Requirement Specification

• Metering • Revenue Assurance

• Load Control • Price Response

• Outage Management • Voltage Management • Switch Management

SMART

GRID Solutions

TECHNOLOGY

Does Technology

Support ALL

Functionalities?

Is the Risk Profile

Acceptable?

There are several risks for each

solution being considered

SMART

GRID Solutions Supplier Internal

Third Party

SMART

GRID Solutions Is the Risk Profile

Acceptable?

There are several risks for each

solution being considered

SMART

GRID Solutions

TECHNOLOGY COST

Does Technology

Support ALL

Functionalities?

Is the Risk Profile

Acceptable?

Is the Total Life

Cost Less than

the Benefits?

COST

Quantifies the Total Lifecycle Cost

(TLC) in terms of CAPEX, OPEX and

UPEX over the business case period

SMART

GRID Solutions

CapEx Installed C

OpEx Lifecycle O

UpEx As Needed U

COST

Quantifies the Total Lifecycle Cost

(TLC) in terms of CAPEX, OPEX and

UPEX over the business case period

SMART

GRID Solutions Is the Total Life

Cost Less than

the Benefits?

Functionality

Technology

Cost

Risk

SMART

GRID Solutions

Capabilities needed to create the business case

projected benefits and enable expansion options

AMI Requirement Specification

DR Requirement Specification

DA Requirement Specification

Metering

Revenue Assurance

Load Control

Price Response

Outage Management

Voltage Management

Switch Management

Defines the essential capabilities undelying the

expected performance today and for evolutionary

needs

Hardware Capabilities

Software Capabilities

People Capabilities

Network Interface Card Application Reprogrammability

HES, MDMS, Apps Fault Tolerance Reconfigurability

Metrology Raw Net Data Rate

Quantifies the Total Lifecycle Cost (TLC) in terms of

CAPEX, OPEX and UPEX over the business case period

CAPEX Installed

OPEX Life Cycle

UPEX As Needed

Program Management Labor Testing

Hardware Operation Reprogram+Configure

IT Licenses Maintenance Change Management

Supplier Internal 3rd Party

Supplier Credibility Project Management Organization Change

Technology Contract Schedule

Manufacturing Cost Regulatory

Defines the 15 families of risk for each solution being

considered

Collaborate with

Customers

Enhance Operational Excellence

Core Operational Excellence

Partner with

Customers

Best of Breed Competitive

Business

Integrated Utility &

Customer Experience

Customer Satisfaction Excellence

Financial Excellence

New Revenue Offerings

Partnership with

Customers

Customized Services

Enhance Current

Processes

Core Uses Enhanced Users Customer/Utility

New Revenue Opportunities

Utility Vision/ Complexity

Value


How a Utility’s SG Vision should advance

Smart Grid Insights from Meralco Experience

5. Maintain and sustain

1. Develop a clear vision and business and technology strategy (customer and regulatory requirements , operating cost, system losses, reliability)

2. Benchmark and scan available and emerging technologies (consider leap-frogging)

3. Develop medium- to long-term technology roadmap (with consideration to process, people, technology and data)

4. Develop robust implementation plan with focus on laying the critical foundations GIS OMSComms Infra Substation SCADA Feeder SCADA DMS AMI

SMART GRID Solutions

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