smart buildings: embedded technology
TRANSCRIPT
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Smart Buildings: Embedded TechnologyOzak Esu BEng (Hons), PhD, MIET
Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering
University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath, BA2 7AY
Friday 18th March, 2016
Loughborough University
Sept 2008 – June 2011: BEng Electronic &
Electrical Engineering (First Class)
Oct 2011 – Oct 2015: PhD Electronic & Electrical
Engineering (Pass)
Research demonstrated the potential and opportunities for
instrumenting low-cost sensors in consumer electronics for
vibration-based condition monitoring of wind turbine blades.
Cundall Johnston & Partners LLP
Nov 2014 – Present: Graduate Engineer
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PhD work: Proposed autonomous system
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Smart Buildings
• Aim and learning outcomes.
• What is a smart building?
• Group activity
• Building information
• Embedded technology
– How can information be used?
– Fusing reactive and predictive systems
• Building management systems (BMS)
• Challenges faced
Outline
• Aim: To contribute ideas and identify potential areas for
further research and project work in the application of
embedded technology in smart building strategies.
• Learning outcomes: On completion of this interactive
lecture, you should be able to;
– Appraise the benefits of embedded technology in smart
building strategies.
– Distinguish between reactive and predictive systems and
understand their functions in smart buildings.
– Examine the drawbacks, complexity and challenges of
incorporating embedded technology in smart building
strategies.
Aim and learning outcomes
Smart building
Sustainable
Changeable characteristics
“Adaptability”
Energy use and cost savings
Capable of responding
“Adaptability”
What is a smart building?
In 4 groups, you have 5 minutes to write down all of
the information that you could gather from within and
around a building (and how).
– Think
• Sensors and the internet of things
• Smart meters and smart grids
• Building information modelling
Group Activity
At the core is “Embedded Technology”.
Building information
Weather forecast
Power consumption
Location of people
Number of occupants
Individual comfort
preferences
Energy generation
Temperature
CO2 levels
Lighting
Fire/life safety
Security/access control
HVAC
Enterprise systems
Satisfaction
Embedded Technology
In few words, embedded technologies are …
“Systems which use a computer to gather data
and/or perform a specific or multiple functions,
but are neither used nor perceived as a computer”
Embedded Technology (1)
Source: S. Edwards, L. Lavagno, A. Lee and A. Sangiovanni-Vincentelli, “Design of Embedded Systems: Formal Models, Validation and Synthesis,” Proceedings of the IEEE, vol. 85, no. 3, pp. 366 - 390, 1997
Embedded Technology (2)
Source: http://www.ibm.com/smarterplanet/uk/en/green_buildings/ideas/
• For building management systems (BMS)
– Reactive
– Anticipatory/Predictive
– Post-occupancy evaluation
• For optimal control
– Occupancy comfort
– Energy efficiency
– Operational longevity
How can the information be used?
Building Management Systems
(BMS)
• The central system for smart buildings that monitor,
control and optimise the operations of buildings.
BMS
BMS
GarbageBad
decisions
Accurate data
Good decisions
Appropriate action can only be taken if the BMS has
access to reliable real-time data that has been seasonally
commissioned and has been acquired with suitable
sensors.
• Systems continuously monitoring real-time data
and responding to it.
Examples
• Access control
• PIR sensors
• CO2 detection sensors
Reactive Systems (1)
Reactive Systems (2)
Source: http://cberd.org/activities/tasks/task-2-0-building-information-technology/subtask-2-3-controls-and-communications-integration/
• Employ advanced control techniques using algorithms
and models to extrapolate optimum operation of the
building.
Examples
BuildingIQ
Predictive systems (1)
Source: https://www.buildingiq.com/products/buildingiq-platform/
Predictive systems (2)
Source: http://uk.mathworks.com/company/user_stories/buildingiq-develops-proactive-algorithms-for-hvac-energy-optimization-in-large-scale-buildings.html
Fusing reactive and predictive
Building
Management
System
Optimal control
Energy efficiency
Occupant comfort
Operational longevity
Services
Fire
HVACs
Lighting
Security
Passive systems
e.g. windows
Renewables e.g.
solar panel and
battery charging
Human decisionsPredictive
Energy price
Weather
forecasts
Power meter
readings
Reactive
Access control
Thermal sensor
CO2 sensor
Basic principle of reactive and predictive systems in buildings.
• Reactive and predictive embedded technology
systems are being deployed separately in buildings
and the link/convergence of the two is not fully
implemented.
• Smart buildings are adaptive.
Reactive + Predictive = Adaptive
In Industry…
In 5 minutes and in 4 groups, discuss and write
down potential drawbacks and likely challenges of
embedded technology use in smart buildings.
Group Activity
• Costs
• Parasitic power
• Big data
• Cyber threat
• Maintenance
• Neglect of passive system designs
• Third party interference
Drawbacks
In the news
Source: http://www.computing.co.uk/ctg/news/2440631/hackers-cause-ukrainian-power-cut-a-reminder-cyber-attacks-will-become-more-dangerous-in-2016?utm_medium=email&utm_term=&utm_content=Hackers%20cause%20Ukrainian%20power%20cut%20%E2%80%93%20a%20reminder%20cyber%20attacks%20will%20become%20more%20dangerous%20in%202016&utm_campaign=CTG.Daily_RL.EU.A.U&utm_source=CTG.DCM.Editors_Updates
• We have covered:
– Smart buildings
– Embedded technology
– Building information
• Information use
– Building management systems
– Reactive and predictive systems
– Industry challenges
– Drawbacks of embedded technology in smart buildings
• Still lots to be done!
– Do you have solutions to contribute?
Summary
Thank you for Listening!
Questions Please?
Jumeirah Zabeel Saray, Dubai, UAE
Special thanks to Alex Buckman, Nicholas Jones and Kayode Oloruntoba.
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