Slide No. 1Texas A&M Desalination Programs, 2004

Fresh Water in Dry Regions:

Desalination Answers David Burnett, GPRI Department of Petroleum Engineering, Texas A&M University

Dr. C. Allan Jones, Director Dr. Bill Harris,Dr. Bill Fox,Texas Water Resources Institute, Texas A&M University

Dr. Gene TheodoriProgram in Rural Sociology & Community ServicesTexas A&M University

Slide No. 2Texas A&M Desalination Programs, 2004

A&M Water Resources: The State of Texas Program

• Rural Community Outreach

– “Drought proofing” projects

• Critical Habitat/ Rangeland – Grassland Protection

– Remediation, restoration of rangelands & wetlands

• Small Farm/ Ranching Operations

– High value use. Small volumes

– Dispersed water sites

• Oil and Gas Production Operations

– Oil Field Brine Desalination

Slide No. 3Texas A&M Desalination Programs, 2004

State of Texas Partners

*http://www.twdb.state.tx.us/Desalination

Texas Commission on Environmental Quality

Texas Water Development Board*

Texas Railroad Commission

Slide No. 4Texas A&M Desalination Programs, 2004

The A&M Program: What We Do

For more Info see:

http://www.tamu.edu/

Saline Water Injection into Oil and Gas

Zones Brine disposal represents a significant fraction of the cost of operating a desalination facility. In the oil and gas industry, high salinity brines are routinely injected into formations for pressure maintenance and secondary recovery by water flooding.

Gas

Water

Oil

WaterDisposal

Well

GasOil

Water

Desalination

Surface

Slide No. 5Texas A&M Desalination Programs, 2004

Lack of Fresh Water Resources

Slide No. 6Texas A&M Desalination Programs, 2004

Pump

Brine Water

Centrifuge/ hydrocyclonesOrganoclay polish

Permeate

Recycle

Chemical addition

ConcentrateRO System

Brine Desalination Process

filters

RO Post Treatment

TECHNICAL ISSUES

Slide No. 7Texas A&M Desalination Programs, 2004

Micro Filtration (MF) (10-0.1m)Bacteria, suspended particles

Ultrafiltration (UF) (0.05-0.005m) Colloids, macromolecules

Nanofiltration (NF) (5e-3-5.e-4 m)Sugars, dyes, divalent salts

Reverse Osmosis (RO) (1.e-4-1e-5 m)Monovalent salts, ionic metals

Water

Filtration and Reverse Osmosis: Definitions

TECHNICAL ISSUES

Slide No. 8Texas A&M Desalination Programs, 2004

Short Courses & Workshops Original 15th Annual Practical Membrane & Separations

Technology Short Course: Fundamentals, New Developments, Applications and Pilot Plant Demonstrations

Organizedby

Separation Sciences ProgramFood Protein Research & Development Center

Texas Engineering Experiment StationThe Texas A&M University System

College Station, TX 77843-2476 March 21-24, 2005 College Station, TX

Slide No. 9Texas A&M Desalination Programs, 2004

Facilities: Separation Sciences Laboratory

Slide No. 10Texas A&M Desalination Programs, 2004

Facilities: Waste Water Treatment Program

Slide No. 11Texas A&M Desalination Programs, 2004

Facilities: Produced Water Treatment Program

Slide No. 12Texas A&M Desalination Programs, 2004

Koch Portable RO Unit

Slide No. 13Texas A&M Desalination Programs, 2004

Texas A&M Portable Desalination Rig

Slide No. 14Texas A&M Desalination Programs, 2004

Texas A&M Mobile Test Truck

http://foodprotein.tamu.edu/separations/equipmembrane.htm

For more Info see:

Slide No. 15Texas A&M Desalination Programs, 2004

Texas A&M Desalination: The “A” Team

• Texas A&M University System– Texas A&M Engineering (TEES)– A&M Ag Engineering– Texas Water Resource Institute (TWRI)– A&M Intl Agriculture Program– Global Petroleum Research Institute (GPRI)

• State and Federal Partners– Texas Railroad Commission (TRRC)– Texas Water Development Board– Texas Department of Agriculture– U.S. Department of Energy– U.S. Environmental Protection Council– U. S. Department of the Interior (BLM)

Slide No. 16Texas A&M Desalination Programs, 2004

Texas A&M Partners: How We Function

• Identifying the problems, setting goals

– Example: Roadmap of technology needs for cost effective oil field brine use

• Creating and managing the programs

– Example: TWDB Evaluation of Oil & Gas Industry Technology

• Working to solve community needs

– Example: Department of Rural Sociology Partnership with Howard Co. (Tx) Community College

Slide No. 17Texas A&M Desalination Programs, 2004

AdvantagesDemand for fresh water is increasing its value.

Proximity of the water resource to the place of use.Disposal of waste brine into depleted oil & gas zones.

DisadvantagesAdditional cost of demineralization of water.The (probable) salinity of the produced brine. Environmental compliance issues.

Premise:Fresh water resources from desalination of wastewater including oil field brine.

Slide No. 18Texas A&M Desalination Programs, 2004

GPRI Field Operations at Burlington Resources

Burlington Resources performs water fracs in the Barnett Shale using water from the Trinity River.

Demonstration units are to be used to treat the frac water for re-use.

www.mcog.org/ barnettlinks.html

For more info see:

Slide No. 19Texas A&M Desalination Programs, 2004Data from Burlington Resources

Fresh Water from the Trinity River used for Fracturing Treatments

Devon Energy ~ 20 to 30/monthBurlington Resources ~ 20 /monthOther Operators ~ 30/month

Each Treatment is ~ 25,000 Bbls

Recovery Water Handling ~ 80,000,000 gal/m.

.

Task 2:Development in the Barnett Shale

Slide No. 20Texas A&M Desalination Programs, 2004

Texas A&M Portable Desalination Rig

Slide No. 21Texas A&M Desalination Programs, 2004

Texas A&M Portable Desalination Rig

Slide No. 22Texas A&M Desalination Programs, 2004

Texas A&M Portable Desalination Rig

Slide No. 23Texas A&M Desalination Programs, 2004

Oil Field Brine Conversion:Historic McFaddin Ranch & O’Connor Oil Field

Test Site

Slide No. 24Texas A&M Desalination Programs, 2004

Fresh Water from Oil Field Brine for Livestock Watering

Test Site

Test Site

Slide No. 25Texas A&M Desalination Programs, 2004

Texas A&M Programs in San Angelo Area

Evaluating Beneficial Use of Treated Produced Waterin Arid and Semi-arid West Texas

Pilot Testing Water Treatment Technologies in Semi-Arid Regions: Addressing Non-Point Source Pollution through Water Treatment an Ecological Restoration

Low Power Water Purification Units for Remote Communities

Slide No. 26Texas A&M Desalination Programs, 2004

AcknowledgingGPRI Sponsoring Companies

BPBurlington RecoursesKey EnergyTarlton Mfg.Total

ContractorsPolymer VenturesCostner Industries Texas

Agencies Texas Water Resources Institute Stripper Well Consortium Ground Water Protection Council Texas Water Development Texas Railroad Commission U. S. Department of Energy

Thank You toOur Supporting Agencies

Texas A&M University Desalination Project

Photographs Courtesy CMGC Foundation