slide 1 of 46 © copyright pearson prentice hall concentrations of solutions > molarity the...

of 46

© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

Concentrations of Solutions> Molarity

The _________________ of a solution is a

measure of the amount of solute that is dissolved

in a given quantity of solvent.

• A _________ solution is one that contains a

___________ amount of solute.

• A ______________ solution contains a

____________ amount of solute.

16.2

of 46



____________ (M) is the number of

moles of solute dissolved in one liter of

solution.

To calculate the ______________ of

a solution, divide the _______ of

_________ by the ___________ of

the ____________.

16.2

of 46



To make a 0.5-molar (0.5M) solution, first add 0.5 mol of solute to a 1-L volumetric flask half filled with distilled water.

16.2

Swirl the flask carefully to dissolve the solute.

Fill the flask with water exactly to the 1-L mark.


SAMPLE PROBLEM

Slide 4 of 46

16.2


Slide 5 of 46

Practice Problems for Sample Problem 16.2


SAMPLE PROBLEM

Slide 6 of 46

16.3


Slide 7 of 46

Practice Problems for Sample Problem 16.3


Slide 8 of 46

Concentrations of Solutions> Making Dilutions

Diluting a solution _____________ the

number of ___________ of solute per

__________ ________________, but the

_________ ____________ of moles of

solute in solution does __________

change.

16.2

of 46



The total number of moles of solute remains unchanged upon dilution, so you can write this equation.

M1 and V1 are the molarity and volume of the initial solution, and M2 and V2 are the molarity and volume of the diluted solution.

16.2

of 46



To prepare 100 ml of 0.40M MgSO4 from a stock solution of 2.0M MgSO4, a student first measures 20 mL of the stock solution with a 20-mL pipet.

16.2

She then transfers the 20 mL to a 100-mL volumetric flask.

Finally she carefully adds water to the mark to make 100 mL of solution.


SAMPLE PROBLEM

Slide 11 of 46

16.4


Slide 12 of 46

Practice Problems

Problem Solving 16.12 Solve Problem 12 with the help of an interactive guided tutorial.

for Sample Problem 16.4

`

of 46


Concentrations of Solutions> Percent Solutions

The ________________ of a

solution in percent can be expressed

in two ways: as the _________ of the

volume of the _______ to the volume

of the __________ or as the _______

of the mass of the ____________ to

the mass of the ____________.

16.2

of 46



Concentration in Percent (Volume/Volume)

16.2

of 46



Isopropyl alcohol (2-propanol) is sold as a 91% solution. This solution consist of 91 mL of isopropyl alcohol mixed with enough water to make 100 mL of solution.

16.2


SAMPLE PROBLEM

Slide 16 of 46

16.5


Slide 17 of 46

Practice Problems

Practice Problems For Sample Problem 16.5

Problem-Solving 16.15 Solve Problem 15 with the help of an interactive guided tutorial.

for Sample Problem 16.5

of 46



Concentration in Percent (Mass/Mass)

16.2

slide 1 of 46 © copyright pearson prentice hall concentrations of solutions > molarity the...

Documents

stock solution

initial solution

diluted solution

liter of solution

moles of solute

mol of solute

practice problems problem

percent volumevolume