slide 1 manual material handling presented by: insert name safety management consultant
TRANSCRIPT
Slide 1
Manual Material Handling
Presented by:Insert Name
Safety Management Consultant
Slide 2
Goals For Today
Overview of ergonomics.
Risk factors associated with Cumulative Trauma Disorders in the manual material handling workplace.
Understand how the back is built and how to protect it.
Preparing for work.
Slide 3
Ergonomics
Also known as human factors.
To optimize the functioning of a system by adapting it to human capacities and needs.
Fitting the work to the worker - not the worker to the work.
Slide 4
Definitions
Cumulative Trauma Disorder:
Micro trauma events that eventually lead to an injury.
Occurs over time.
Sometimes difficult to determine cause.
Often unconscious behavior creates the injury.
Slide 5
Definitions
Risk Factors: Conditions and/or activities associated with the development of CTDs.
Primary Risk Factors:• Awkward prolonged postures• Excessive force• Repetition
Slide 6
We Are Creatures of Habit
Slide 7
Occupational Risk Factors
Repetition
Awkward Postures
Excessive Force Mechanical Contact
Stressors
Hand/Arm Segmental Vibration
Cold Work Environments
Slide 8
Awkward Posture
What happens to grip strength when we change the position of our wrist?
Where is our grip strength the best?
Do other joints have similar characteristics?
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Slide 9
Excessive Force
Force levels can become high both from internal loads (holding a body part in a awkward posture) or from external forces generated by lifting an object.
Slide 10
Symptoms of CTDs
Aching Swelling Throbbing Burning Numbness Pins and needles Loss of strength Pain Unusual bumps
Slide 11
Developmental Sequence of the Human Body: Establishing Our Core
When a baby is just few days old they have no trunk stability.
They first gain control of their heads.
Within the first year of life they develop trunk control.
Around one year of age they are able to stand/walk and use their extremities effectively.
Slide 12
Getting Older: Changes in our Body
Our cardiovascular fitness diminishes
Our core strength weakens
Forward head posture increases
We dehydrate quicker
Flexibility diminishes
The risk of repetitive strain injuries increases
Slide 13
How Is My Back Built?
Spine has 3 main functions• Flexibility and stability• Spinal cord protection• Shock absorption
Flexibility and Stability• 24 movable bones called
vertebrae• System of levers that
sustain body weight and provide mechanism for force exertion
Slide 14
Discs
Spinal Disc
• Located between each vertebrae• Cartilage-like material in bands• Cartilage encompasses the core or nucleus
Slide 15
Disc Injury
Slide 16
How Are Your Backs?
Slide 17
Risk Factors
Lifts from floor level should be avoided whenever possible.
• Inefficient
• Encourages poor technique
• Dramatically increases risk of injury
Slide 18
Risk Factors
Bending from the waist to pick up a pen or piece of paper puts nearly twice as much stress on the back as lifting a 40- pound object using proper technique.
Weight of torso must also be supported during an improper lift.
Slide 19
Risk Factors
Twisting puts high torque forces on spinal disc
High risk for injury
Core trunk muscles
are inefficient
Slide 20
Compare Lifts
Biomechanical Predictions about L5/S1:Horizontal Distance of Load: 8.0 inBiomechanical Angle of Trunk: 90°Total Compressive Forces: 560.04 lb
Biomechanical Predictions about L5/S1:Horizontal Distance of Load: 33.0 inBiomechanical Angle of Trunk:17°Total Compressive Forces: 2240.22 lb > MPL*
Slide 21
NIOSH Lifting Equation
NIOSH Lifting Equation calculates the Recommended Weight Limit (RWL) for a specific lifting or lowering task.
According to the NIOSH equation, it is safe for 99% of the male population and 75% of the female population to safely lift 51 pounds.
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Slide 22
NIOSH Lifting Equation
Horizontal distance <10 inches
Vertical distance = 30 inches
Travel distance < 10 inches
Asymmetry = 0
Coupling is good
Frequency < 1 hour per day and no more than 12 lifts/lowering are performed
Slide 23
Core Muscles: Trunk Muscles
These muscles are located from our neck to the base of our pelvis.
These muscles provide trunk stability so our extremities can move and work efficiently.
As we age these muscles can weaken and injuries to the shoulders, back and hips can occur.
Slide 24
Efficient Movement and Stabilization: The value of strong core muscles
Stabilizers
Proper stability provides good and efficient mobility
Slide 25
Inefficient Movement and Poor Stabilization
Decrease strength.
Increase energy requirements to complete a task.
Make a joint mechanically less efficient.
Increase the risk of injury.
Create imbalance and compensation in the body.
Slide 26
Poor Posture : Bad Habits and Aging
Poor posture will contribute to trunk instability.
Forward head and curved upper back will encourage poor shoulder biomechanics.
Forward head posture and curved upper back will flatten the lumbar curve making the lumbar disc less efficient.
Slide 27
Proper Bending and Lifting Technique
Is it always possible? NO!1. Lead with the head.2. Maintain the inward curve of the back if possible by
tightening trunk muscles.3. Bend at the knees.4. Think like a power lifter.
Slide 28
Proper Bending and Lifting Technique
Use your core strength efficiently.
Try to minimize the risk.
If a lift is high risk then greater recovery time is needed before next lift.
Slide 29
Reposition Back (Do this every time you stand up)
Gently move into extension. Hold this position for 5 seconds and repeat 2-3 times.
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Slide 30
Why Should I Stretch and Move?
Maintains flexibility.
Brings new blood flow to fatigued muscles.
Filters out the by-products of muscle fatigue.
Muscles like to move by lengthening and shortening.
Slide 31
Stretching and Moving
Stretching and moving shouldn’t hurt.
Always start in neutral or as close to neutral as you can get.
Slow and controlled is best.
Modify the stretch or movement if it isn’t comfortable.
Slide 32
Guiding Principles for Lifting
Eliminate all lifts from the ground.
Avoid any lifts that don’t add value to the product.
Keep lifting between standing knuckle and shoulder height.
Avoid extended reaches with a lift.
Use lift assist devices when ever possible.
Use good lifting technique no matter what the size of the object being lifted.
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Slide 33
Summary
Don’t let gravity get you down.
Let neutral posture be your guide.
Keep lifts off the floor.
Use your core muscles efficiently
Stretch and move to keep yourself healthy.
Slide 34
MEMIC’s Safety Director
1. Go to www.memic.com and you will notice a blue tab called “For Employers”. Drag your mouse pointer over this tab and on the right-hand menu, you’ll see a link entitled Log into Safety Director.
2. If you are a new user to Safety Director, click on the new user link to create a personal profile.
3. Get started!
Register Today!Get the Resources You Need to Make Your
Workplace Safer
Slide 35
for your participation in this training
session.