SLAVERY

QUICK HISTORYPortugal – 1st in slave tradeSugar plantations need lots of labor

Cash crops are usually labor intensive! By 18th Century, 9/10 slaves are working on plantations.

Black “Gold”• Europeans still going to Africa for gold• Also looking for black gold. What does that

mean?

Coffles

*Some ate clay*Slaves were marched from the interior of

Africa to Port Cities (2 months)

BARRACCONS

—n(formerly) a temporary place of confinement for slaves or convicts, esp those awaiting transportation

[C19: from Spanish barracón, from barracahut, from Catalan

*Barracoons, cont’d

*Slaves were branded at this time

Chains 2-3 week wait before ship is full Confined below deck

Suicide and uprisings most likely at this timeHot coals used to burn lips. Why?Women raped and sent below the deck again

Array Ship captains would try to get slaves

with different cultures and languages ½ year away from home to new

“residence” Climate Food Everything

SURVIVING THE MIDDLE PASSAGE

• 10% – 20% dies crossing the Atlantic Ocean

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8nePOpkYwjY&feature=related&safety_mode=true&persist_safety_mode=1&safe=active

America• First African slaves in America brought toJamestown in 1619• Slavery institutionalizedin many states by 1640• Slaves became “chattel”property

Amistad ". . . each of them are natives of Africa

and were born free, and ever since have been and still of right are and ought to be free and not slaves . . ."

S. Staples, R. Baldwin, and T. Sedgewick, Proctors for the Amistad Africans, January 7, 1840

* http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CqBBoCp_Zu8&NR=1&safety_mode=true&persist_safety_mode=1&safe=active

*We are more alike than different. No human is more human than another.

* Maya Angelou