slap it! survive the 5. what is hno 3 nitric acid rain
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What happens during a thermal inversion? Warm air traps cool air below and pollutants build upTRANSCRIPT
Slap it!Survive the 5
What is HNO3
• Nitric Acid Rain
What happens during a thermal inversion?
• Warm air traps cool air below and pollutants build up
What international agreement limited the production/use of CFC’s?
• The Montreal Protocol
Which is larger - PM 10 or PM 2.5
• PM 10
What is H2SO4
• Sulfuric Acid Rain
What is a primary pollutant?
• Is emitted directly from a source
What type of UV radiation does Ozone block out entirely?
• UVC
What is a secondary pollutant?
• A primary pollutant that is photochemically changed (Ozone) , or changed with some chemistry (acid rain)
What atmospheric gas is most responsible for the greenhouse effect?
• Water Vapor
What ANTHROPOGENIC atmospheric gas is most responsible for the greenhouse effect?
• Carbon Dioxide
What conditions are beneficial for photochemical smog?
• Sunny (warm), and dry
Where is ozone beneficial and where is it harmful?
• Beneficial in the stratosphere• Harmful in the troposphere.
How is ozone harmful in the troposphere? (there are two ways)
• Lung Irritant• Greenhouse Gas
What are the effects of sick building syndrome?
• Coughing, eye irritation, wheezing, sneezing.• Effects only present when inside the building.
What 7 air pollutants did the Clean Air Act aim to reduce?
PM(2.5, 10), SOx, NOx, VOCs, CO, O3, Pb.
Explain the role of a wet scrubber, electrostatic precipitator, cyclone separator, and baghouse filter.
• Polluted air comes in and cleaner air and a solid containing the trapped pollutants comes out.
What is the absorbing capacity of Methane compared to Carbon Dioxide?
• 25 times
How can a volcanic eruption effect the Earth’s temperature?
• The PM blocks the suns rays from getting to the earth.
• Earth cools.
Give an source and example of a primary pollutant.
• NO2 , Auto Exhaust/Factories
Give a source and example of a secondary pollutant.
• Sulfuric Acid Rain, from coal combustion.
How does the pH scale work? Why is a 3 more acidic than a 6?
• A 3 has more H+ ions in it.
Explain dry acid deposition.
• Nitrates and Sulfates fall down from the sky due to gravity (no water involved)
What happens to the polar vortex in the spring?
• The vortex breaks up and the suns radiation splits a CL from the CFCl3
What are the negative health effects of a thin ozone layer?
• Cataracts and skin cancer
Write out the chemistry of the formation of Carbonic Acid.
• H2O + CO2 → H2 CO3
• Carbonic Acid
Write out the chemistry for the formation of Nitric Acid.
• 3 NO2 + H2O NO + 2 HNO3 • Nitric Acid Rain
Write out the chemistry for the formation of Sulfuric Acid.
• 2 SO2 + O2 2 SO3
• SO3 + H2O H2SO4
• Acid Rain – Sulfuric Acid
Write the chemistry of Ozone production in the stratosphere
• O2 + UV -------> O + O• O + O2 -------> O3
Write the chemistry of Ozone production in the troposphere
• NO2 + sunlight → NO + O• O + O2 → O3
What two elements are most responsible for ozone depletion?
• Chlorine and Bromine
What are the main sources of CFC’s?
• Chlorine – refrigerants, aerosols, dry cleaning solution, Styrofoam blowing agents.
• Bromine – fire extinguishers, pesticides.