skleletal mri

7/31/2019 Skleletal MRI

1/4

MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING

Objectives:

To evaluate bony and soft-tissue tumors To identify changes in bone-marrow composition To identify spinal orders.

Discussion:

A noninvasive technique, skeletal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) produces clear and

sensitive images of bone and soft-tissue. The scan provides superior contrast of body tissues and allows

imaging of multiple planes including direct sagittal and coronal views in regions that cant be easily

visualized with X-ray beams and causes no harm to cells.

MRI is more easily generated from the proton of the hydrogen atom. Each water molecule has

two hydrogen atoms, but the distribution of water molecules varies according to specific body tissue.Forexample, bone is considered dry because it doesnt contain much hydrogen. Consequently bone

produces a weak signal and cant be visualized. However normal bone marrow has the brighte st signal

and can be seen well.

PATIENT PREPARATION:

Procedure

1. Make sure scanner can accommodate the patients weight and abdominal girth

2. Explain to patient that skeletal MRI asses bone and soft tissues. Tell to the patient who will perform

and where it will take place.

3. Explain that althoughMRI is painless and involves no exposure to radiation from the scanner, a

contrast medium may be used depending on the type of tissue being studied.

4. If patient is claustrophobic or if extensive time is required for scanning explain to him that a mild

sedative may be administered to reduce anxiety. Open scanners have been developed for use on the

patient with extreme claustrophobia or morbid obesity, but test using such machines take longer.

5. Tell the patient that he must lie flat and describe test procedure

6. Explain to the patient that hell hear the scanner clicking, whirring and thumping as it moves inside its

housing.

7. Instruct patient to remove all metallic objects

8. Ask patient whether he has any surgically implanted joints, pins, clips, valves, pumps, or pacemakers,

containing metal that could be attracted to strong MRI magnet. If he does, he wont be able to have the

test.


2/4


3/4

1. Review physicians orders for specimen collection.2. Assessed clients understanding or procedure3. Assessed ability to cough and expectorate4. Checked when client last ate5. Determine if client required assistance in producing specimen6. Assessed clients respiratory status.7. Explained procedure to the client8. Assisted client in rinsing mouth before collecting expectorated specimen.9. Performed hand hygiene10.Provided privacy11.Positioned client correctly. Assisted client to splint painful area12.Collection of specimen:

a. Coughing and expectorated specimeni. Applied clean gloves

ii.

Provided client with specimen containeriii. Instructed client to take three to four slow, deep breathsiv. Instructed client to cough after one full exhalation and expectorate into

container.

v. Have client repeat coughing.b. Suctioned Specimen

i. Prepared suction equipmentii. Connected suction to adapter on sputum trap

iii. Applied sterile glovesiv. Connect sterile suction catheterv. Inserted suction catheter into nasopharynx and trachea

vi. Suctioned 5-10 seconds while client coughs.vii. Removed catheter without suctioning

viii. Detach and dispose of suction catheter.13.Secured top of container or sputum trap14.Cleaned outside of catheter with disinfectant, if needed15.Offered client facial tissues16.Remove and dispose of gloves properly17.Provided client with mouth care18.Performed hand hygiene19.Labeled specimen correctly20.Place specimen in appropriate bag or container21.Sent specimen to lab or refrigerated specimen22.Observed clients respiratory status during procedure23.Noted presence of anxiety or discomfort24.Observed characteristic of sputum


4/4

25.Noted laboratory result26.Asked client to describe/demonstrate procedure27.Identified unexpected out comes28.Record method of collection, date and time sent to laboratory and type of test ordered29.Describe characteristics of sputum30.Describe clients tolerance of the procedure31.Reported unusual sputum characteristics32.Reported abnormal test results.

skleletal mri

Documents