six kingdom dichotomous key gettingnerdyllc - edl · pdf...

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Six Kingdom Field Guide TEACHER NOTES Build-‐Your-‐Own Dichotomous Key What You Do: This lesson is designed to follow our PowerPoint. For each page, you may have students cut away the outside edge of the page – LEAVING THE TAB – so that they can create a tabbed field guide that is easy to navigate once they are finished with the entire key. In our class, we used this key on the final test as well as every day in class to practice the use of a dichotomous key and review the organisms found in each kingdom. For each of the six kingdoms, students will create a dichotomous key. Each key will lead them to specific organisms that are classified within that kingdom. They will identify special features of each type of organism, including when applicable:

-‐ Types and numbers of cells -‐ Types of reproduction -‐ Eating habits and structures -‐ Body symmetry -‐ Habitat

We have also included example organisms and special features in the form of illustrations that students can color, label and or draw during instruction. Any information not included directly on this sheet can be found embedded in the PowerPoint, in student resources when indicated, or on the Internet. Handouts should be printed front to back for each KINGDOM. There may be more than one page per kingdom. When properly put together, students should be able to navigate through the book as if it were a six kingdom field guide.


Six Kingdom Field Guide Name: _________________________ INTRODUCTION to the SIX KINGDOMS & VIRUSES 1. a. __________________ ..…………………………..…………………………….…………...........................…......…....go to 2 b. __________________ .…………………………….………………….....………...……..............................go to VIRUSES 2. a. __________________ & no membrane-‐bound organelles. __________________ .................................

..................................................................................................................……….....................go to BACTERIA b. Has a __________________ & __________________. Unicellular or multicellular…................................

....................................…………………………………………………………………………………………………..................…go to 3 3. a. __________________ __________________ or colonial organism with visible nuclei .............................

...........................................………............................................................................................go to PROTISTA b. __________________ __________________ organism …...............................................................go to 4 4. a. __________________ (cannot make its own food) ....................……............................………...…...…go to 5 b. __________________ (can make its own food) ..........................……..…....................………..............go to 6 5. a. Obtains food by absorbing the __________________ remains of other organisms………...........................

...........................................................……..……………………………………………….........................……...go to FUNGI b. Obtains food by __________________ other organisms .………..............................................……….go to 7 6. a. Has NO ________________ (NO ______________, _____________, ______________) for transporting

nutrients and water..............................……...…...........................................go to PLANTAE: NONVASCULAR b. Has a system of ______________ (_____________, ____________, & ____________) for transporting nutrients and water.............................……...….....................................................go to PLANTAE: VASCULAR 7. a. Organism has no __________________……...…..................….............. go to ANIMALIA: INVERTEBRATES b. Organism has a __________________.………........................................... go to ANIMALIA: VERTEBRATES In the pie chart to the right, draw a representative from each kingdom of life. Use your book, your vocabulary, or other resource to find examples:

-‐ Archaebacteria -‐ Eubacteria -‐ Protista -‐ Fungi -‐ Plantae -‐ Animalia

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Six Kingdom Field Guide Name: _________________________ INTRODUCTION TO CLADOGRAMS _______________: a _______________ diagram that shows _______________ _______________ _______________: a branch on the cladogram _______________: the place where each branch intersects the diagram. Shows where a new _______________ has evolved. Scientists use _______________ to determine how a cladogram is constructed. When given a group of organisms, we look at common _______________, such as _______________ traits, _______________, and _______________ similarities and differences. The end result is a _______________ _______________ that shows which organisms are more closely _______________. Let’s construct a simple cladogram. Begin by thinking about the animals listed below. Determine which characteristics they share and which are unique to only them. Draw an “X” in the box of the organisms that have each characteristic. Then, construct a cladogram using the line provided. At each node (•), write the characteristic that has evolved at this point in the lineage.

Cells Backbone Legs Hair Opposable Thumbs

Slug

Fish

Frog

Cat

Human

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Six Kingdom Field Guide Name: _________________________ VIRUSES: Tiny _______________ particles that _______________ and then _______________ inside a _______________ cell 1. a. Virus is somewhat regular in shape .............................................……………...............................……..go to 2

b. Virus is geometric in shape ................................................................……...............................….…..go to 3 2. a. Virus is ________________, surrounded by a ________________ ________________...........ENVELOPE b. Virus is a ________________ tube filled with ________________ acids ....................................HELICAL 3. a. Virus is made of ________________ fused together in a sphere ........................................ICOSAHEDRAL b. Virus is ________________ with a ________________, infects ________________ ....BACTERIOPHAGE

What are the main structures of a virus? -‐ _____________ _____________: protects the virus -‐ _____________: contains the _____________ material -‐ Surface _____________ which allow it to attach to the host cell. These act like a

_____________ and _____________ and are specific to the type of cell that the virus can _____________.

-‐ Some viruses may also have an ________________ membrane called an _____________

How do viruses reproduce?

Active Hidden Virus ____________ to the cell. The viral ____________ ____________ takes over and begins to ____________ ____________

____________ ____________ is combined with the ____________ and lies ____________ until it is ready to become ____________

How do viruses get energy? From the ____________ cell

1. Virus ________________ to the cell

2. Virus releases ________________ ________________ into cell

3. Cell is ________________ to make more virus parts

4. Virus parts are ________________

5. New viruses ________________ from cell, ________________ it in the

process

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Six Kingdom Field Guide Name: _________________________ VIRUSES

Label the parts of the Bacteriophage: List some common viruses you may encounter everyday. What characteristic do viruses share with living things? Why are viruses considered non-‐living (which characteristics of living things do viruses not have)?

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Six Kingdom Field Guide Name: _________________________ BACTERIA: _____________; _____________ organisms with NO _____________ and NO _____________ _____________ _____________ 1. a. Bacterium lives in _______________ environments such as high salt, extreme temperatures, or in the

gut of other living things ...................................................................………KINGDOM ARCHAEBACTERIA b. Bacterium is an _____________ bacteria, such as the bacteria that make us sick or the good bacteria

that help us to make cheese, it is KINGDOM EUBACTERIA ….…..............................................……..go to 2 2. a. Bacterium is _________________ ….....................................……………………...……………………………….go to 3

b. Bacterium is not round ….....................................………………………………………………...……………………..go to 4 3. a. Bacterium is not in a chain .....................................…………………………………………………………….......COCCUS

b. Bacterium is in a chain ….....................................………………………………………………………..STREPTOCOCCUS 4. a. Bacterium is _________________-‐shaped ….....................................………..…………………………....BACILLUS

b. Bacterium is _________________-‐shaped …………………………………….........................................SPIRILLUM

How do bacteria get energy? Autotrophic Chemosynthetic Respiration

Autotrophs use energy from the _____________ to make food

Autotrophs use energy in _____________ to make food

Heterotrophs _____________ food and use _____________ to

make energy

How do bacteria reproduce?

Asexual Sexual _____________ _____________: one _____________ divides to form two _____________ _____________

_____________: _____________ genetic material through a _____________ that _____________ them

How do bacteria move?

Stationary Flagella Cilia

What do these bacteria do?

Lactobacillus sanfrancisco Orchrobactrum anthropic Clostridium botulinum

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Six Kingdom Field Guide Name: _________________________ BACTERIA

Draw, label and color a picture of each in the boxes below.

COCCUS

STREPTOCOCCUS

THE STRUCTURE OF BACTERIA (Color and label the Bacterium)

SPIRILLUM BACILLUS

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Six Kingdom Field Guide Name: _________________________ PROTISTA: _____________ _____________ that can be _____________-‐like, _____________-‐like, or _____________-‐like and live in _____________ surroundings 1. a. Protist is an _____________, a _____________-‐like protist that obtains food through photosynthesis

......................................................................................................................................................…...go to 2 b. Protist is a _____________, an _____________ or _____________-‐like protist that obtains food by

_____________ or _____________ ..................................................................................................go to 3 2. a. Protist is _____________, has a red _____________ and has a _____________, which is a whip-‐like

tail....... ........................................................................................................................................................ EUGLENA

b. Protists form _____________; creates structure of stalks that support leaf-‐like structures, commonly called _____________…..................................................................................................... BROWN ALGAE

3. a. Protist is animal-‐like and gets food by consuming other organisms .................................….…….…. go to 4 b. Protist is fungus-‐like and gets food by absorbing dead or decaying material .....…..….....…...……... go to 5 4. a. Protist moves by _____________, which are hair-‐like structures ..................................…. PARAMECIUM b. Protist moves by extending _____________, which is an extension of the cytoplasm & cell membrane

.....................................................………...………………………..……………………………...................……….. AMOEBA 5. a. Protist lives in _____________ or moist areas and grows as tiny threads that look like ____________

…......................................................................………………………………..…………………………..…… WATER MOLD b. Protist lives in moist _________________and reproduces through _____________ formation ................

………………………………………………………………..…………......................................…………..……….……. SLIME MOLD

How do protists get energy? Plant-‐Like Animal-‐Like Fungus-‐Like

How do protists reproduce? Plant-‐Like Animal-‐Like Fungus-‐Like

How do protists move? Plant-‐Like Animal-‐Like Fungus-‐Like

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Six Kingdom Field Guide Name: _________________________ PROTISTA


PLANT-‐LIKE: EUGLENA (Color and label the Euglena)

FUNGUS-‐LIKE: WATER MOLD (Draw the water mold on the fish)

ANIMAL-‐LIKE: PARAMECIUM (Color and label the Paramecium)

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Six Kingdom Field Guide Name: _________________________ FUNGI: _____________ or _____________ _____________ _____________ that _____________ _____________ material and live in _____________ _____________ places 1. a. Fungi is in a _____________ relationship with _____________ or autotrophic _____________ ….......…..

……………………………………………………………………………………………………............................................LICHEN b. Fungi is not in a relationship with another organism.........................................................................go to 2

2. a. Fungi creates spores in a _____________-‐like structure (_____________, puffballs) .....BASIDOMYCETES

b. Fungi creates spores in some other structure …................................…………………..………………..…...go to 3 3. a. Fungi creates spores in a ____________-‐like structure (___________, morels, truffles) ASCOMYCETES

b. Fungi creates spores in some other structure …..............................…………………..………………..……...go to 4 4. a. Fungi creates very resistant _____________ (common fruit & bread _____________) ..ZYGOMYCETES

b. Fungi reproduces _____________ using _____________ (blue & green fruit and vegetable molds) ....... ...………………………………………………………………................................................………….…..IMPERFECT FUNGI

What are the main characteristics and structures of a fungus?

-‐ All are _____________ (half the number of chromosomes) -‐ Cell walls are made of _____________ -‐ _____________: thread-‐like structures that make up _____________ fungi -‐ _____________: underground root-‐like system made up of many hyphae -‐

How do fungi get energy?

Parasitic Mutualistic Decomposer

OBTAINING FOOD: 1. _____________ grow into food source 2. _____________ _____________ are released into organism 3. _____________ absorb _____________

How do fungi reproduce? Draw an example of each type of reproduction along with your notes

Sexual Asexual Hyphal Exchange:

Budding:

Fruiting Bodies:

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Six Kingdom Field Guide Name: _________________________ FUNGI


THE STRUCTURE OF FUNGI (Color and label the Fungi)

SAC FUNGI (Draw and color an example)

CLUB FUNGI (Draw and color an example)

ZYGOTE FUNGI (Draw and color an example)

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Six Kingdom Field Guide Name: _________________________ PLANTAE: NON-‐VASCULAR _____________ _____________ _____________ that do not have _____________ (no roots, stems or leaves) 1. a. Gametophyte has tiny leaf-‐like structures that grow from a central ____________-‐like structure;

sporophyte phase includes a tall slender ____________ with a ____________ at the end containing ____________; grows in ____________ shady spots ..............................................BRYOPHYTA: MOSSES

b. Plant has ____________ leaf-‐like gametophytes ...................................................................………… go to 2 2. a. Gametophyte is flat leaf-‐like structure that resembles a ____________ ____________; often found

growing on ____________ near streams; Sporophytes are too ____________ to see ............................... ...................................................................……………….................................. HEPATOPHYTA: LIVERWORT

b. Gametophyte is flat leaf-‐like structure usually found growing in ____________ or cultivated ____________ ; Sporophytes resemble an ____________ ____________ that open to release ____________ when ready ...…………..……................................................ANTHOCEROPHYTA: HORNWORT

What are the main characteristics of non-‐vascular plants? -‐ ____________ growing plants that get materials directly from ____________ -‐ Has small root-‐like structures called ____________ -‐ Cells are supported using ____________ ____________ made of ____________ -‐ ____________ and ____________ reproduction

• Sexual: ____________ formation • Asexual: ____________ ____________ -‐ small part of the plant breaks off and forms a

new plant -‐ ____________: make their own ____________ using energy from the ____________ through

____________

How do plants reproduce? 1. Sporophyte Stage Label the diagram below with the stages identified to the left:

Plant produces (a)____________ -‐ tiny ____________ that grow into

new organisms Turns into (b)____________ stage

2. Gametophyte Stage

Plant produces both (c)____________ and

(d)____________ cells which join together during reproduction to

make a (e)____________.

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Six Kingdom Field Guide Name: _________________________ PLANTAE: NON-‐VASCULAR


THE STRUCTURE OF MOSS (Label and color the moss below)

MOSS (Draw and color an example)

LIVERWORT (Draw and color an example)

HORNWORT (Draw and color an example)

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Six Kingdom Field Guide Name: _________________________ PLANTAE: VASCULAR _____________ _____________ _____________ that have a system of ____________ (____________, ___________, __________) 1. a. Vascular plant reproduces ____________ seeds (____________) …….....................….……………………go to 2

b. Vascular plant reproduces using ____________ & ____________ (____________) ...…………..……..go to 3 2. a. Vascular plant has leaves that are divided into ____________, or smaller parts that look like leaves;

reproduces using ____________ …….......................................................................………..…......….……. FERN b. Vascular plant has ____________-‐like leaves; reproduces using ____________ .....……..………………………..

……….........................................................................................CLUB MOSSES, SPIKE MOSSES, HORSETAILS 3. a. Vascular plant produces “naked” seeds (seeds produced in a ____________), has ____________-‐like or

scale-‐like leaves and a deep root system (includes ____________, Cycads, Ginkgos, & Gnetophytes)........ ............................................................................................................................................. GYMNOSPERM

b. Vascular plant has a seed enclosed in a ____________, produces ____________ ………....... ANGIOSPERM

What are the main characteristics of vascular plants? -‐ Retain ____________ -‐ Transport materials; have ____________ called ____________ and ____________ to

transport materials -‐ Cells are supported using ____________ ____________ made of ____________ -‐ ____________ reproduction: spores and vegetative propagation -‐ ____________ reproduction: ____________ (sperm) and ____________ (eggs)

How do vascular plants grow?

Phototropism

Gravitropism

Thigmotropism

LEAF STRUCTURE (Label and color the leaf)

SEED STRUCTURE (Label and color the seed)

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Six Kingdom Field Guide Name: _________________________ PLANTAE: VASCULAR


THE STRUCTURE OF FLOWERS (Label and color the flower structures)

TAP ROOT (Draw and color an example)

FIBROUS ROOT (Draw and color an example)

SEED DISPERSAL METHODS (Identify the type of dispersal for each seed)

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Six Kingdom Field Guide Name: _________________________ ANIMALIA: INTRODUCTION What You Need to Know:

-‐ MOST ____________ Kingdom -‐ To classify animals, scientists observe how animals are ____________ to other animals.

Relationships are determined by comparing: • Body ____________ • ____________ development • ____________

-‐ Classified into two MAIN groups: • ____________: animals ____________ a backbone • ____________: animals ____________ a backbone

What are the main characteristics of animals?

-‐ ____________ organisms -‐ Obtain ____________ and ____________ -‐ Maintain ____________ -‐ ____________ -‐ Reproduce ____________ or ____________ -‐ Have ____________ for surviving and reproducing in their environment

How are animal body plans arranged?

-‐ ____________: the balanced arrangement of parts • ____________ ____________: one line of symmetry that divides the animal in

____________ to create a ____________ image; ____________ organisms • ____________ ____________: many lines of symmetry around a ____________ point:

____________ organisms; all live in ____________ • ________________________: no line of symmetry

ASYMMETRY (Draw and color an example)

BILATERAL SYMMETRY (Draw and color an example)

RADIAL SYMMETRY (Draw and color an example)

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Six Kingdom Field Guide Name: _________________________ ANIMALIA: INTRODUCTION Let’s look at the animal cladogram below. Can you determine the name of each MAJOR group based on the animals pictured? Label the ones you know. 1. What do all of the organisms pictured on branch A have in common?

2. Which organisms are more closely related – MAMMALS and STARFISH or MAMMALS and ROUNDWORMS? Explain.

3. Look at the branches for reptiles and birds. What common ancestor do you think they share?

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Six Kingdom Field Guide Name: _________________________ ANIMALIA: INVERTEBRATES _____________ _____________ _____________ that do not have a _____________

1. a. Invertebrate is ________________________; no ____________ or ____________; live in ____________

and resembles a ____________ bag ............................................................................PHYLUM PORIFERA b. Invertebrate has some other form of symmetry ....................................................................………… go to 2

2. a. Invertebrate has ____________ symmetry ........................................………...................................... go to 3 b. Invertebrate has ____________ symmetry ........................................………..................................... go to 4

3. a. Invertebrate has radial symmetry and ____________ cells ...........................................PHYLUM CNIDARIA b. Invertebrate has radial symmetry, an ____________ ____________, and water ____________ system

used to move and eat; all live in ____________ water ...................................PHYLUM ECHINODERMATA

4. a. Invertebrate moves without using legs ........................................………............................................. go to 5 b. Invertebrate has an ________________________, and moves using ____________ legs ..........................

........................................................................................................……............................................. go to 6

5. a. Invertebrate is a worm ........................................………...................................................................... go to 7 b. Invertebrate is not a worm .............................................................……............................................. go to 8

6. a. Invertebrate is an arthropod with no ____________, ____________ pairs of legs, and ____________ body sections ........................................................................PHYLUM ARTHROPODA: CLASS ARACHNIDA

b. Invertebrate is an arthropod with 1 or more pairs of ____________ .............................................. go to 9

7. a. Invertebrate is a simple worm with no ____________; ____________worms & ____________worms...... ........................................………................................PHYLUM NEMATODA & PHYLUM PLATYHELMINTHES

b. Invertebrate is a complex worm with ____________; have ____________ organized into ____________ ____________ with a ____________ ......................................................................... PHYLUM ANNELIDA

8. a. Invertebrate is a mollusk with ____________ ___________ held together by a hinge and strong muscles ..............................................……….................................................PHYLUM MOLLUSCA: CLASS BIVALVIA

b. Invertebrate is a mollusk with a ____________ shell or ____________ shell at all...................... go to 10

9. a. Invertebrate is an arthropod ____________ ____________ ............................................……….... go to 11 b. Invertebrate is an arthropod with 1 or 2 pairs of wings, ____________ legs, ____________ body

segments, and ____________ pair of antennae; specialized ____________ parts for specific food ........ ...................................................................................................PHYLUM ARTHROPODA: CLASS INSECTA

10. a. Invertebrate is a mollusk whose stomach region is adapted to be a ____________ ; eats using a ____________ ..................................................................... PHYLUM MOLLUSCA: CLASS GASTROPODA

b. Invertebrate is a mollusk whose foot is adapted to form __________ around its ___________ ; lives in the ____________ ............................................................... PHYLUM MOLLUSCA: CLASS CEPHALOPODA

11. a. Invertebrate is an arthropod with a single pair of antennae, ____________ pairs of legs, and two body sections; .............................................PHYLUM ARTHROPODA: CLASS CHILOPODA & CLASS DIPLOPODA

b. Invertebrate is an arthropod with 2-‐3 body sections, ____________ or more pairs of legs and ____________ pairs of antennae ..................................... PHYLUM MOLLUSCA: SUBPHYLUM CRUSTACEA

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Six Kingdom Field Guide Name: _________________________ ANIMALIA: INVERTEBRATES

Write the characteristics of each type of invertebrate below. Label and color any pictures.

GROUP SYMMETRY MAIN CHARACTERISTICS EXAMPLES

PHYLUM PORIFERA

-‐ Plant-‐like animal that resembles a hollow bag of pores

-‐ ____________ feed using ____________ cells

-‐ Lives in water and stays in one place (____________)

-‐ Has spikes or ____________ which support the sponge’s body

-‐ Reproduce ____________ through ____________

-‐ Reproduce ____________ by creating both ____________ and ____________

PHYLUM CNIDARIA

-‐ Have stinging cells called ____________ used for defense and to capture prey

-‐ Two body plans: • ____________ vase-‐shaped; sessile;

tentacles formed around upward facing mouth

• ____________ bowl-‐shaped; swims; tentacles formed around downward facing mouth

-‐ Reproduce ____________ through ____________

-‐ Reproduce ____________ using ____________ and ____________

-‐ Often live in ____________

PHYLUM ECHINODERMATA

-‐ Has internal skeleton (____________) -‐ Water ____________ system (fluid

filled tubes) -‐ Sticky ____________ feet used to move

and capture prey -‐ All live in ____________ -‐ Either ____________ or ____________

and reproduce ____________ by releasing sperm and egg into the water to be ____________

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Six Kingdom Field Guide Name: _________________________ ANIMALIA: INVERTEBRATES Write the characteristics of each type of invertebrate below. Label and color any pictures. GROUP SYMMETRY MAIN CHARACTERISTICS EXAMPLES

PHYLUM ARTHROPODA

Includes: C. INSECTA

SP. CRUSTACEA C. ARACHNIDA C. CHILOPODA C. DIPLOPODA

-‐ Has an outer skeleton (____________) -‐ Grow by shedding or ____________ -‐ Jointed legs (____________) -‐ Segmented body includes

___________,____________, (________________________) and ____________

-‐ ____________ group of animals

(refer to your dichotomous key for specific characteristics of each class and subphylum of arthropods)

C. ARACHNIDA C. INSECTA C. CHILOPODA C. DIPLOPODA SP. CRUSTACEA

PHYLUM NEMATODA

PHYLUM

PLATYHELMINTHES

PHYLUM ANNELIDA

-‐ Long, narrow bodies with tissues, organs and organ ____________ • Simplest organism with a _________

-‐ No ____________ -‐ Many are ____________ -‐ Three main phyla:

• ____________: long, cylindrical body with a tube-‐like digestive system with ____________ openings

• ____________: flat, jelly-‐like body; all are ____________

• ____________ ____________: body made of many linked segments; has a ____________ circulatory system

PHYLUM NEMATODA PHYLUM PLATYHELMINTHES PHYLUM ANNELIDA

PHYLUM MOLLUSCA: Includes:

C. GASTROPODA C. BIVALVIA

C. CEPHALOPODA

-‐ ____________ body sometimes covered by a ____________

-‐ ____________ -‐ thin layer of tissue that covers internal organs

-‐ Specialized “____________” (-‐pod) for moving and/or eating

-‐ Water mollusks have ____________ -‐ Three main classes:

• ____________: gastro-‐ “stomach”; single or no shell; eats with radula

• ____________: bi-‐ “two”, valve-‐ “shell”; filter feeds using gills; omnivores

• ____________: cephalo-‐ “head”; all live in the ocean; foot is adapted to form tentacles around its mouth

C. GASTROPODA C. BIVALVIA C. CEPHALOPODA

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Six Kingdom Field Guide Name: _________________________ ANIMALIA: INVERTEBRATES


INSECT LIFE CYCLE (Color and label the stages of insect metamorphosis)

PORIFERAN STRUCTURE (Color and label the sponge)

INSECT BODY PLAN (Color and label the insect)

MOLLUSCAN STRUCTURE (Color and label the gastropod)

CNIDARIAN BODY PLANS (Draw and color an example of each)

POLYP MEDUSA

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Six Kingdom Field Guide Name: _________________________ ANIMALIA: VERTEBRATES _____________ _____________ _____________ that have a _____________ 1. a. Vertebrate is ____________-‐blooded (____________) .................................................................... go to 2 b. Vertebrate is ____________-‐blooded (____________) .........................................................………… go to 3 2. a. Vertebrate has smooth ____________ skin, lays ___________-‐like eggs in water, undergoes

____________ and spends its adult life on land .......................... PHYLUM CHORDATA: CLASS AMPHIBIA b. Vertebrate has dry ____________ skin ...............................................………..................................... go to 4

3. a. Vertebrate has ____________, four legs (arms count as legs), gives birth to ____________ young, makes

____________ for its young, and has a ____________-‐chambered heart ....................................................... ................................................................................................ PHYLUM CHORDATA: CLASS MAMMALIA

b. Vertebrate has ____________, two legs, lays ____________ -‐shelled eggs, and has a ____________ -‐chambered heart .................................................................................. PHYLUM CHORDATA: CLASS AVES

4. a. Vertebrate has ____________ and ____________ for swimming, obtains oxygen through ____________,

and lives in ____________ .................................………........................ PHYLUM CHORDATA: CLASS PISCES b. Vertebrate has four legs or no legs, lays ____________ eggs, and breathes using ____________ ..............

......................................................................................................... PHYLUM CHORDATA: CLASS REPTILIA

What makes a vertebrate? At some point in their lives, all vertebrates will have:

- ____________: a flexible ____________ that supports the ____________ - ____________ ____________: connection between the ____________ and other parts of the

body - ____________ slits (____________ slits): openings or slits in the ____________ area; most

chordates lose them before ____________; fish keep theirs as ____________ - Has an internal skeleton (____________) - Is either ____________ or ____________ and has a ____________ circulatory system

OUR COUSIN, AMPHIOXUS... (Color and label the amphioxus)

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Six Kingdom Field Guide Name: _________________________ ANIMALIA: VERTEBRATES

Write the characteristics of each type of vertebrate below. Label and color any pictures.

CLASS MAIN CHARACTERISTICS EXAMPLES

CLASS PISCES Includes: Supraclass AGNATHA

CLASS

CHONDRICHTHYES

CLASS OSTEICHTHYES

-‐ Obtains oxygen through ____________ -‐ ____________ circulatory system -‐ two-‐chambered heart -‐ ____________ with ____________ and scales -‐ Internal or external ____________; eggs are tiny and soft -‐ Three main groups:

• ____________ fish: do not have jaws or scales; endoskeleton made of cartilage

• ____________ fish: has jaws and scales; endoskeleton made of cartilage

• ____________ fish: has jaws, scales, pocket on either side of the head to house the gills; swim bladder for stabilization; endoskeleton made of bone;

Supraclass AGNATHA C. CHONDRICHTHYES C. OSTEICHTHYES

CLASS AMPHIBIA Includes: CAUDATA ANURA APODA

-‐ ____________ with ____________ ____________ skin -‐ ____________ circulatory system -‐ three-‐chambered heart -‐ ____________ fertilization in water results in jelly-‐like eggs -‐ Begins life in ____________; moves onto land as an adult -‐ Obtains oxygen using ____________ as a tadpole, and

____________ as an adult -‐ Goes through ________________________ -‐ Three main groups

• ____________: keep their ____________ in adulthood

• ____________: lose their tails • ____________: do not have legs

CAUDATA ANURA APODA

LIFE CYCLE OF THE FROG (Color and label the metamorphosis of the frog)

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Six Kingdom Field Guide Name: _________________________ ANIMALIA: VERTEBRATES Write the characteristics of each type of vertebrate below. Label and color any pictures. CLASS MAIN CHARACTERISTICS EXAMPLES CLASS

REPTILIA Includes: ORDER

SQUAMATA

ORDER TESTUDINES

ORDER

CROCODILIAN

-‐ Dry ____________ skin adapted for life on land -‐ Breathe using ____________ -‐ Soft, ____________ ____________ eggs laid on land -‐ Three main groups:

• ____________ & ____________: have skin covered with overlapping scales; lizards have legs and two lungs, snakes have no legs and one lung

• ____________: body covered by protective shell called a carapace; shell includes the ribs and backbone

• ____________ & ____________: large carnivorous reptiles and care for their young

ORDER SQUAMATA ORDER TESTUDINES ORDER CROCODILIAN

CLASS AVES

-‐ ____________ -‐ Some have specialized ____________ for flight -‐ Two legs -‐ ____________ circulatory system with four-‐chambered heart -‐ Lays ____________-‐shelled eggs -‐ Most care for young after they hatch -‐ Digestion occurs using a ____________ (for storing food) and

a ____________ (for grinding food)

CLASS MAMMALIA

-‐ ____________ with ____________ -‐ ____________ circulatory system with four-‐chambered heart -‐ Give birth to ____________ young (with a few exceptions) -‐ Feed young with ____________ from ____________ glands -‐ Have specialized ____________ adapted for eating different

foods -‐ Three main types:

• ____________: egg-‐laying mammals • ____________: babies are born after short

gestation period; develop in a pouch on mother’s belly until able to care for one’s self

• ____________: gestation period is longer; baby gestates until body systems are fully developed

TEETH TYPES (Identify the consumer based on the types of teeth to the right)

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