CONSTRUCTION SITE SAFETY AND ACCIDENT PREVENTION

Submitted by:

CONSTRUCTION SITE SAFETY

PRESENTATION CONTENTS

What is safety? A Few facts Construction Accidents Safe Access On-Site Excavation Work Working at Height Electricity PPE Case Study 1 Case Study 2 General Incidents at site Basic Safety Mantras

What is SAFETY ?

Safety can be defined as ensuring that the construction site is not imposing any immediate danger to the public or workers, as well as making sure the final project has met all the required safety standards.

In India about 31 million people are employed in construction sector. Indian construction industry is labour intensive comprising of semi- skilled and unskilled workers; therefore the safety of labour at the site should be kept in mind and appropriate measures should be taken for the same.

The best way to protect workers against hazards is to control problems at the source. To prevent health hazards at work, all possible hazards that may be encountered should be identified in advance.

EFFECTIVE SAFETY MANAGEMENT HAS THREE MAIN OBJECTIVES:

To make the environment safe To make the job safe To make workers safety conscious.

ELEMENTS OF A SAFE CONSTRUCTION SITE

Duties assigned to responsible personnel Planning before work A clean and organised site layout Good Housekeeping Secure and access controlled site Emphasis of safety and well being of workers and people in

and around the site Attention to sector specific safety details Health care and well being of workers by managing health

risks

SITE LAYOUT

SAFETY MANAGEMENT

INSURANCE PREMIUM

TOOL BOX MEETING

APPROPRIATE PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENTS

MANAGEMENT OF HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES

SIGN BOARDS

The first week on each new site is the most dangerous

Accidents are more frequent at the end of the day

Small building jobs are the most risky

Safety helmets, Hi-viz jackets, safety boots do prevent injury and death

Light weight shoes-such as trainers or runners are not suitable on site

A Few Facts:

CONSTRUCTION ACCIDENTS:

56% falls from height

21% trapped by something collapsing or overturning

10% struck by a moving vehicle

5% contact with electricity or electrical discharge

4% struck by a flying/falling object during machine lifting of materials

3% contact with moving machinery or material being machined

1% exposure to a hot or harmful substance

Breakdown of fatalities according to type of accident in construction industry:

SAFE ACCESS ON SITE

Ensure phased construction maintains access routes

Edges from which people could fall are provided with double guard rails or other suitable edge protection

Holes are protected with clearly marked and fixed covers to prevent falls

Design construction sequences to facilitate access to work positions

Good lighting in the site

Site should fenced off from public

All excavations deeper than 1.25 meters must be shored or battered.

Excavations deeper than 2 meters must have a guard rail or barrier.

Remove debris and excavated soil nearexcavation site

Determine how workers will enter and exit excavation

Be aware of nearby vehicles and mobileequipment causing soil to vibrate

Excavation Work:

For safety in excavation works:-

Make sure the excavation is inspected daily

Make sure you know where any underground pipes and cables are before you hit them

Always remember that there is no safe ground that “will not collapse”.

Trench sides can collapse without warning.

Excavation Work:

Using ladders or scaffolding without proper fixing is crazy.

Never use incomplete scaffolding.

Make sure there are hand rails and toe boards at all edges.

Things fall on sites, wear your helmet.

Before starting work at heights check for clearance from any overhead power lines.

Working at Height

Height hazards on cconstruction sites: Holes in floor, gaps on working platform, shafts and stairwells not

adequately covered or barricaded.

Treat electricity with respect

Check constantly that cables are not damaged or worn

Keep trailing cables off the ground and away from water

Never overload or use makeshift plugs and fuses

Electricity:

PPE ON-SITE Most construction sites require at least:

Hard hat

Safety Boots

Hi-viz jacket

Safety Glasses

Safety Gloves

Noise Cancellation Ear Plugs

CASE STUDY 1: SCAFFOLDING COLLAPSE IN VIETNAM

ABOUT THE INCIDENT:

Location: Hanoi, Vietnam

Incident: Scaffolding Collapse

Death Toll: 14

Injuries: 30

Employer: Samsung C&T Corp

Date of incident: 30 March, 2015

CAUSE OF THE ACCIDENT

The cause of the accident has been identified as overloading of the scaffold. There were more than 40 workers on the 30 meter scaffold.

The scaffold was also burdened by construction equipment and materials.

The rail of a hydraulic system used to lift building materials suddenly fell from a height of 30 metres, hitting the scaffolding and bringing down hundreds of tons of metal scaffolding on the construction workers.

UNDERLYING FACTORS

Negligence of the managers and supervisors

No inspection before commencement of work

High velocity winds leading to instability

HOW THE ACCIDENT COULD HAVE BEEN PREVENTED

By using properly constructed scaffolding of sound material of adequate strength to provide with both means of safe access and a safe place of work.

Scaffolds should’ve been inspected at least once a week and a written report on each inspection kept.

Proper analysis of work environment before beginning to work.

Ensuring that the scaffold is anchored properly to support systems or adjacent structure.

POINTS TO REMEMBER Where you cannot work safely from the ground or from part

of the building, it is better to use a suitable scaffold than a ladder.

Use a scaffold only for the purpose for which it has been provided and make sure it is securely anchored or tied to the building.

Do not overload the scaffold. In particular, do not load it with plant and materials unless it has been erected for this purpose. Never keep materials on the scaffold unless they are needed for work within a reasonable time.

Avoid using a tower in windy or severe weather conditions Make sure that timber used in scaffolding is not painted or

treated so that defects cannot be seen. Do not use bamboo that show signs of rotting or being

infested by insects; also examine the ropes for early signs of decay, avoid using material about which there is doubt.

CASE STUDY 1

Keeping the Burj Khalifa site safe for workers

Strict, almost military-like rules were enforced

SAFETY MEASURES ADOPTED

10,000 construction workers from over 59 companies that built the world's tallest tower.

Zero tolerance policy for smoking — people were fired immediately, no matter what the situation or circumstance.

Mandatory for all workers to wear PPE equipment at all times, in addition to wearing a safety harness when working at a height. 

All workers were required to take their compulsory breaks between 12.30pm and 3pm during summer.

Power tools used were converted to work with 110 volts, instead of the usual 220 volts to minimize the risk of accident

Fire hydrants and extinguishers were placed on every floor.

Safety barriers were put up at all levels and safety officers were present on-site at all times

SAFETY MEASURES ADOPTED (CONTD.)

They followed a zero incident policy so every single worker would have to go through four hours of training before they reported to work.

Hired translators

Emergency escape cages for up to 75 workers hoisted down by a crane from the top, in case of a fire or other similar emergency.

A rescue helicopter was also in place to lift the crane operators to safety.

SAFETY MEASURES ADOPTED (CONTD.)

NUMBER OF DEATHS REPORTED TILL THE COMPLETION OF “THE WORLD’S TALLEST BUILDING’’’

= 1

BASIC SAFETY MANTRAS:

All accidents are preventable.

No job is worth getting hurt for, every jobwill be done safely.

Incidents can be managed.

Safety is everyone’s responsibility.

Continuous improvement.

All individuals have the responsibility and accountability to identify, eliminate or manage risks associated with their workplace.

Legal obligations will be the minimum requirements for our health & safety standards.

Individual will be trained and equipped to have the skills and facilities to ensure an accident free workplace.

Last and the most important safety measure “Don’t use at construction site”

BETTER SAFE THAN SORRY!

THANK YOU

ANY QUESTIONS?