Site Investigation and Storage Structure Sizing

CNMP Core CurriculumSection 4 – Manure Wastewater Storage

and Handling

CNMP Development Core Training Curriculum

These course materials have been developed as a cooperative effort between five land-grant universities and The Natural Resources Conservation Service.

Ames, Iowa 50011, (515) 294-4111.

Copyright © 1995-2006, Iowa State University of Science and Technology. All rights reserved.

Copyright Information

Objectives

• Students should become familiar with necessary considerations for siting and sizing waste storage facilities.

• In this section, students will learn what soil and geologic issues should be considered where structures should be located.

Required Materials• USDA – NRCS. Conservation Practice Standard 313

Waste Storage Facility. Washington D.C. http://efotg.nrcs.usda.gov/references/public/AL/tg313.pdf.

• USDA – NRCS. Conservation Practice Standard 359 Waste Treatment Lagoon. Washington D.C. http://efotg.nrcs.usda.gov/references/public/AL/tg359.pdf.

• USDA – NRCS. 1992. Animal Waste Management Field Handbook, Part 651, Chapter 10, Agricultural Waste Management System Component Design. Washington D.C. ftp://ftp.wcc.nrcs.usda.gov/downloads/wastemgmt/AWMFH/awmfh-chap10.pdf.

Siting Waste Storage Facilities

Siting Waste Storage Facilities

Siting Waste Storage Facilities

Siting Waste Storage Facilities

Siting Waste Storage Facilities

Siting Waste Storage Facilities

Siting Waste Storage Facilities

http://soildatamart.nrcs.usda.gov/

Siting Waste Storage Facilities

Siting Waste Storage Facilities

Siting Waste Storage Facilities

Siting Waste Storage Facilities

• Be sure to identify all existing storage facilities:

– Location

– Surface Area

– Design and Existing Capacity

• Discuss the need to upgrade existing facilities to meet minimum NRCS standards.

Key Points -

Siting Waste Storage Facilities

Siting Waste Storage Facilities

Waste Storage Facility 313 Waste Treatment Lagoon 359

Site Investigation

Site Investigation

• (a) Corrosivity• (b) Location of water table• (c) Depth to rock • (d) Stability for embankment and excavated cut slopes • (e) Excavatability• (f) Seismic stability • (g) Dispersion• (h) Permeability• (i) Puncturability • (j) Settlement potential • (k) Shrink/swell • (l) Topography • (m) Availability and suitability of borrow material • (n) Presence of abandoned wells and other relics of past use

Site InvestigationEngineering Geology Considerations in Planning -

Site Investigation

Site Investigation

• Determine Intensity of the Investigation– Your experience– Quality of information – Complexity of the site– Regulations

• Consult Geologist, Geotechnical Engineer, and/or a Soil Scientist for Complex Sites

Site Investigation

• Prior to Investigation Study Existing Background Information:– Soil Surveys– Topography Maps– Aerial Photos– Geologic Maps – Geologic Reports– Conservation Plans– Well Logs

Site Investigation– Use Existing Background Information to

Identify Potential Concerns:• Karst Terrain• Groundwater• Organic Materials• Wells

– “CALL BEFORE YOU DIG” Prior to

site investigation.

Site Investigation

• Perform on-site investigation– Earthfills: 1 pit/boring/100 lineal feet

– Storage Area: 1 pit/boring/10,000 ft2

• Go 2 ft. below planned grade or refusal.

• Find 150 % borrow for clay liner.

– Red Flags:• High water table

• Seeps in sand/gravel lenses

• Bedrock 2 ft. below grade

Site Investigation

• Characterize the Site and Borrow Materials– Use Unified Soil Classification System

to log soils at the site.• ASTM D-2488, Standard Practice for

Description and Identification of Soils by Visual-Manual Procedures.

– Be sure to identify depth, color, and texture of soil layers.

• Survey site during investigation to determine: – Topography

– Existing ground elevation

– Water table elevations

– Location and bottom elevation of geology investigation pit.

Site Investigation

Goal: Adequately investigate the site to know what lies beneath.

Site Investigation

• Geology Note 3 - Investigation Process– Reconnaissance– Geologic Mapping– Investigational

Objectives– Safety– Report Requirements– Monitoring and

Evaluation

http://www.info.usda.gov/CED/

Site Investigation

• Testing to Request– Unified Classification (ASTM D2487)

• Percent Fines (< #200 Sieve)

– Atterberg Limits (ASTM D4318)– Hydraulic Conductivity (ASTM D5084)– Standard Proctor (ASTM D698)

• Sample Size– 100 pounds for tests listed above– Small sample for Natural Water Content

Site Investigation

Site Investigation• Geology Note 5 –

Soil Sample Size for Laboratory Analysis

http://www.info.usda.gov/CED/

NRCS GuidanceStatement of Work

Other Siting Considerations

• Culture Resources– Known Native Americans– Check with local NRCS office– Local Knowledge– Stop – Wait – Investigate - Document-Next Step

• On-Site Burial Pits– Hazardous Waste– Mortalities– Landfill material

• Utilize Geologic/Soils information, NRCS procedures, policy, and guidance to investigate a site.

• Perform thorough site investigation and document findings.

Summary