sistema de alerta de tsunamis del caribe

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Sistema de Alerta de Tsunamis del Caribe Christa G. von Hillebrandt-Andrade Directora e Investigadora Red Sísmica de Puerto Rico, UPR, Mayagüez Conferencia “Las Fuerzas Armadas en apoyo a la atención de eventuales desastres: Tsunamis” Sede de la Junta Interamericana de Defensa (Casa del Soldado) Washington, D. C. 26 de Agosto de 2008

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Sistema de Alerta de Tsunamis del Caribe. Christa G. von Hillebrandt-Andrade Directora e Investigadora Red Sísmica de Puerto Rico, UPR, Mayagüez Conferencia “Las Fuerzas Armadas en apoyo a la atención de eventuales desastres: Tsunamis” - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Page 1: Sistema de Alerta de  Tsunamis del Caribe

Sistema de Alerta de Tsunamis del Caribe

Christa G. von Hillebrandt-AndradeDirectora e Investigadora

Red Sísmica de Puerto Rico, UPR, Mayagüez

Conferencia“Las Fuerzas Armadas en apoyo a la atención de eventuales

desastres: Tsunamis” Sede de la Junta Interamericana de Defensa (Casa del Soldado)

Washington, D. C.26 de Agosto de 2008

Page 2: Sistema de Alerta de  Tsunamis del Caribe

Agenda– Elementos del Sistema de Alerta de Tsunamis

• Determinación de la Amenaza y Riesgo• Vigilancia

– Sísmica– Nivel de Mar

• Comunicaciones• Educación, Preparación y Recuperación

Page 3: Sistema de Alerta de  Tsunamis del Caribe

Generation, Propagation, and Inundation Phases of Tsunamis

long wavelength

Page 4: Sistema de Alerta de  Tsunamis del Caribe

Tsunami INDONESIA, December 26, 2004, Mw 9.3

Page 5: Sistema de Alerta de  Tsunamis del Caribe

Since 1530, 95 Tsunamis Have been observed in the Caribbean

• Statistics from Caribbean Tsunamis,  A 500-Year History from 1498-1998 by Karen Fay O'Loughlin and James F. Lander (ISBN 1-4020-1717-0 2003 edition) and Tsunamis of the Eastern US, NGDC, 2002 Science of Tsunami Hazards, vol 20, #3, pg 120 and NGDC, 2006.

Fatalities Due to TsunamisDate Place Fatalities1692 Jamaica 20001842 Haiti ~300+1853 Venezuela 600-40001867 Virgin Islands 231882 Panama 75-1001906 Jamaica 5001918 Puerto Rico 1401946 Dominican Republic(1) 17901946 Dominican Republic(2) 75

TOTAL 5503 to 8928

Page 6: Sistema de Alerta de  Tsunamis del Caribe

Tsunamis in the Caribbean

From NOAA National Geophysical Data Center

Page 7: Sistema de Alerta de  Tsunamis del Caribe

Principal Earthquake, Landslide and Tsunami Sources

Sour

ce:

U. t

en B

rink

, USG

S

Major faults and structures in the Caribbean with the potential of generating large local and regiaonal tsunamis from earthquakes and submarine landslides.

Page 8: Sistema de Alerta de  Tsunamis del Caribe

Other Caribbean Tsunamigenic Sources, Also Mostly short-fused

• Subaerial and Submarine Landslides

• Subaerial Volcanoes- Soufriere Hills, Montserrat

• Submarine Volcanoes-Kick ‘em Jenny

• Tele-tsunami (e.g. “Lisbon” Nov. 1, 1755)

Page 9: Sistema de Alerta de  Tsunamis del Caribe

The risk from tsunamis has increased dramatically due to population growth, coastal infrastructure

development and tourism

US Virgin Islands, 1867

US Virgin Islands, today

During high season, there can be as many as 25,000 people arriving on cruise shipsduring a day. During low season, as much as 15,000 people/day.

Page 10: Sistema de Alerta de  Tsunamis del Caribe

Tsunami Inland Flood Limit for Tsunami Inland Flood Limit for MayagMayagüez,PRüez,PR

Tsunami Inundation Maps

• Information Required:– Tsunami sources,

eg. Faults– Digital elevation

models of near shore topo and bathymetry

– Inundation model-TIME, MOST

Page 11: Sistema de Alerta de  Tsunamis del Caribe

• Vulnerability Factors– Age– Sex– Race– Family/Marital Status– Special Needs– Education– Housing– Economic resources

Vulnerability

Page 12: Sistema de Alerta de  Tsunamis del Caribe

Monitoring Components of Tsunami Warning System

• Seismic monitoring-accurate and timely detection and determination and dissemination of hypocentral parameters. Initial performance criteria: messages for all earthquakes M 5 or greater within 5 minutes of origin time.

• Sea Level Monitoring– Tide Gauges-confirmation of tsunami heights and

arrival times at coastal locations, validate tsunami inundation models

– DART Buoys-confirmation of tsunamis and real time forecasting of tsunamis

• Other geophysical instrumentation, GPS, hydroacoustic sensor – developing technology and infrastructure.

Page 13: Sistema de Alerta de  Tsunamis del Caribe

Seismic Stations Available in Real Time for the CEWS

Conributing Networks•USGS Caribbean Seismic Network•ANSS-USGS•Global Seismographic Network•U. Colima, Mexico•RS El Salvador•INETER, Nicaragua•OVSICORI, Costa Rica•Baru Network, Panama•Seismic Research Unit, Trinidad and Tobago•Montserrat Volcano Observatory•Martinique Volcano Observatory•KNMI, Dutch Antilles•Puerto Rico Seismic Network, UPR•Seismological Institute, DR

Page 14: Sistema de Alerta de  Tsunamis del Caribe

TsunamiReady Tide Gauges

• Efforts are underway to increase the number of sea level stations available in real time. PRSN hosted a workshop in June, 2008.

• http://www.ioc-unesco.org

Page 15: Sistema de Alerta de  Tsunamis del Caribe

DARTBuoys

Page 16: Sistema de Alerta de  Tsunamis del Caribe

Tsunamis Warning Centers• National

– Nicaragua• Regional

– US NOAA West Coast and Alaska Tsunami Warning Center

– Puerto Rico and Virgin Islands• International

– US NOAA Pacific Tsunami Warning Center

• Planned– Caribbean Tsunami Warning

CenterEarthquake Information

WCATWC

PRSN

Page 17: Sistema de Alerta de  Tsunamis del Caribe

Communications and Dissemination

• 24 hour capability to rapidly receive and disseminate emergency information messages

“80% of tsunami mortalities occur within the first hour after the source event” (exception: 1946 Aleutian tsunami)EOS-AGU, v.88, n. 52

Page 18: Sistema de Alerta de  Tsunamis del Caribe

Tsunami Education, Awareness and Drills

Page 19: Sistema de Alerta de  Tsunamis del Caribe

Preparation and Distribution of Evacuation Maps.

Page 20: Sistema de Alerta de  Tsunamis del Caribe

Installation and Maintenance (replacement) of Tsunami Warning Signs

Page 21: Sistema de Alerta de  Tsunamis del Caribe

Response and Recovery Planning

• Response Plans– Roles and

responsibilities– Communications– Drills

• Recovery Plans– Safety and security– Mass casualties– Civil Infrastructure

Page 22: Sistema de Alerta de  Tsunamis del Caribe

Intergovernmental Coordinating Group for the Tsunami and other Coastal Hazards Warning System for the Caribbean and

Adjacent Regions (ICG-C)• UNESCO/IOC body• 30 member states,

commonwealths, territories

• Established in 2005• Sessions held in 2006,

2007 and 2008

Page 23: Sistema de Alerta de  Tsunamis del Caribe

Puerto Rico Puerto Rico TsunamiReadyTsunamiReady

PartnersPartners

Page 24: Sistema de Alerta de  Tsunamis del Caribe

Conclusions and Recommendations

• Further analysis of the hazard and risk is required– Near shore bathymetry and topo digital elevation

models• Very important that the infrastructure and

capabilities of the almost 30 local and subregional seismic networks continue to be strengthened and supported.

• Upgrade the sea level infrastructure in the region.

Page 25: Sistema de Alerta de  Tsunamis del Caribe

Cont.• Improve the capabilities for receiving and

disseminating information and warning messages

• The establishment of a Caribbean Tsunami Warning Center and Caribbean Tsunami Information Center in the region for most effective advisory service before, during and after an event and accessible capacity building platforms for the region.

• Improve education, preparedness and recovery plans

Page 26: Sistema de Alerta de  Tsunamis del Caribe

More information…• UNESCO/IOC/ICG Website • http://www.ioc-unesco.org/• NOAA Tsunami Website

– http://www.tsunami.gov• PRTWMP website with tsunami inundation maps

– http://poseidon.uprm.edu• PRSN

– http://redsismica.uprm.edu

Thanks for your support and attention

Page 27: Sistema de Alerta de  Tsunamis del Caribe

NY Times

Our Mission: Avoid this…

Gracias, Thank You