ANNUAL REVIEW 2013

CONTENTS

Welcome 1

January: Controlling the trade in dual-use items 2

February: Tracking the global arms industry 4

March: The international arms trade 6

April: Trends in military spending 8

May: Arctic futures 10

June: The SIPRI Yearbook 12

July: Transport and security 14

August: World nuclear forces 16

September: Regional dialogues and dynamics 18

October: Peacebuilding in Mali 20

November: Understanding and managing conflict 22

December: Chemical weapons in Syria 24

Facts and outreach 26

Finances 28

Signalistgatan 9SE-169 70 Solna, SwedenTelephone: +46 8 655 97 00Fax: +46 8 655 97 33Email: sipri@sipri.orgInternet: www.sipri.org

STOCKHOLM INTERNATIONAL PEACE RESEARCH INSTITUTE

SIPRI is an independent international institute dedicated to research into conflict, armaments, arms control and disarmament. Established in 1966, SIPRI provides data, analysis and recommendations, based on open sources, to policymakers, researchers, media and the interested public.

GOVERNING BOARD

Jayantha Dhanapala, Acting Chairman (SriLanka) Dr Dewi Fortuna Anwar (Indonesia)Dr Vladimir Baranovsky (Russia)Ambassador Wolfgang Ischinger (Germany)Professor Mary Kaldor (United Kingdom)The Director

DIRECTOR

Dr Ian Anthony (United Kingdom)

SIPRI 2014

1WELCOME

Welcome to SIPRIs new Annual Review.

SIPRIs vision is a world in which sources of insecurity are identified and understood, conflicts are prevented or resolved, and peace is sustained.

Our mission is to make this vision a reality by undertaking research and activities on security, conflict and peace; providing policy analysis and recommendations; facilitating dialogue and build capacities; promoting transparency and accountability; and delivering authoritative information to global audiences.

SIPRI continues to hold its position as one of the worlds leading think tanks focusing on security, conflict and peace. Our researchers deliver high-quality analyses, publications, outreach activities and dialogues; our databases provide transparent and reliable information; and our support staff underpin this work with their publications, IT, library and communications expertise.

The dissemination of our research continues to expand, through the many events held at SIPRI and at partner organizations, our website, our ever-increasing social media presence, and our strong presence in traditional broadcast and print media.

In 2013, SIPRI embarked on an ambitious journey to adapt and reform its innovative intellectual agenda in order to maintain its relevance in a fast-changing world. We will continue to follow this agenda, to further secure SIPRIs reputation as we approach our 50th anniversary in 2016.

Dr Ian Anthony Director

SIPRIs vision is a world in which sources of insecurity are identified and understood, conflicts are prevented or resolved, and peace is sustainede

2CONTROLLING THE TRADE IN DUAL-USE ITEMS

Dual-use items are goods, materials and technologies that may be used for both civilian and military purposes. To take one example, the deadly nerve agent sarin is manufactured using the same fluoride compounds found in toothpaste. While toothpaste is a harmless consumer product, the international community wants to prevent the production of chemical weapons altogether.

Laws governing the trade in dual-use items vary from country to country. Malaysia, for example, applies the death penalty to violations of its export control laws, while in other countries violations are subject to fines or other administrative sanctions.

SIPRIs Dual-use and Arms Trade Control Programme seeks to raise the quality of information on and awareness of the current state of national and international export control systems. The programme contributes to the enhancement of dual-use and arms trade controls through its publications and research, the development of tools and concepts, and the conduct of seminars and other awareness-raising and capacity-building activities, such as the course in Dubai.

Professor Tilman Brck of Germany takes office as SIPRIs 8th Director

New DirectorBeijing. Chinese and European experiences of protecting nationals abroad

SIPRISIS seminarThink tank rankings

SIPRI ranked no. 4 in Global Go-to Think Tanks index

1 18 22 292013

New SIPRI Insights paper

Transfers of small arms and light weapons to fragile states, by Mark Bromley, Lawrence Dermody, Hugh Griffiths, Paul Holtom and Michael Jenks

January 2013

SIPRI holds a counter-proliferation and strategic trade controls course in Dubai for export licensing, customs and law enforcement officials belonging to Gulf Cooperation Council member statesthe first of its kind

3The flouride in toothpaste can also be used to manufacture sarin gas Image: Flickr/ Kristin and Adam

4TRACKING THE GLOBAL ARMS INDUSTRY

The production of arms, military equipment and other hardware is a worldwide, multibillion dollar industry. Similarly, armed conflicts and publicly funded interventions produce their own economies, populated by private service providers. SIPRIs Arms Production Project monitors, describes and analyses trends and developments in arms production worldwide.

The SIPRI Top 100 arms-producing and military services companies are listed each year in the SIPRI Yearbook and are publicly accessible via the SIPRI website. In 2011, sales of arms and military services by these companies totalled $395 billion. While the volume of sales by arms-producing companies has been inccreasing for over a decade, in 2011 sales by the Top 100 declined by 4 per cent.

Despite this fall in arms sales, brought on in part by austerity measures introduced after the global financial crisis, arms-producing companies have continued to seek and make profits by acquiring other companies and diversifying into other markets and industries. The growth of the market for cybersecurity services, to take one example, raises questions that SIPRI seeks to answer about the extent to which public security tasks will be taken over by private actors.

SIPRI in the media

armscontrolwonk.com Tamara Patton analyses satellite imagery of Irans Parchin complex

SIPRI North America seminar

The Missing Peace: Sexual Violence in Conflict and Post-conflict Settings

New SIPRI activities

Berlin. The German Federal Office for Economics and Export Control (BAFA) announces that the SIPRI Dual-use and Arms Trade Control Programme will advise it on its Chemical, Biological, Radiological and Nuclear (CBRN) Centres of Excellence (COE) Initiative

1 12 14 18 28

SIPRI in the media

Susan T. Jackson gives an interview on Al Jazeera about the SIPRI Top 100 data launch

SIPRIs data on the Top100 arms-producing and military services companies for 2011 shows that these companies continue to find ways to make profits despite austerity measures and budget cuts

February 2013

SIPRI Expert Comment

Shannon N. Kile writes that North Korea is gradually mastering the technology needed to develop a long-range ballistic missile capable of delivering a nuclear weapon

5Trade expos such as the Eurosatory arms fair in Paris offer a glimpse into the arms-producing economy

6THE INTERNATIONAL ARMS TRADE

The SIPRI Arms Transfers Programme conducts research into the measurement, transparency and control of international arms transfers. SIPRI also maintains the Arms Transfers Database, which includes information on all international transfers of major conventional weapons since 1950, as well as a database of arms embargoes.

In 2012, for the first time since the end of the cold war, China became one of the worlds largest arms exporters. Chinas rise has been driven primarily by exports to Pakistan and states in Africa and the Middle East, and comes at a time of heightened tensions over territorial disputes in the East and South China seas. The release of SIPRIs arms transfers data prompted the Chinese Foreign Ministry to state that China has rigorously managed arms exports in accordance with domestic laws and regulations.

In contrast to global conventions prohibiting the transfer of chemical, biological and nuclear weapons, there is no global convention controlling conventional weapons. The United Nations General Assemblys adoption of an Arms Trade Treaty (ATT) on 2 April 2013 was a significant step forward for efforts to control the global arms trade. SIPRI researchers advised on the formulation of the ATT and will continue to conduct projects on the ATT and engage in assisting states parties in implementing the treaty.

New York. Hugh Griffiths quoted in a front-page New York Times story on arms airlifts to Syrian rebels

SIPRI in the media

Arms trade control capacity building: lessons from dual-use trade controls, by Sibylle Bauer

New SIPRI Insights paper

New Delhi and New York. SIPRI launches its arms transfers data during a side event at the final UN conference on the ATT, and at a meeting in New Delhi co-organized with the Observer Research Foundation

SIPRI data launches

SIPRI Yearbook

Kiev. Launch of the Ukrainian translation of SIPRI Yearbook 2012, published by the Razumkov Centre

Lawrence Dermody outlines the challenges involved in implementing the new sanctions against North Korea

SIPRI Expert Comment

11 14 18 20 25

The launch of SIPRIs arms transfers data has become an international media event: this year, attention focuses on China, the worlds fifth-largest exporter of arms

March 2013

7The United Nations General Assembly votes to adopt a global arms trade treaty, 2 April 2013Image: UN Photo/ Devra Berkowitz

8TRENDS IN MILITARY SPENDING

The SIPRI Military Expenditure Project monitors and analyses trends in military expenditure, looking at their economic, political and security drivers and their implications for global peace, security and development. The SIPRI Military Expenditure Database, which is freely available online, covers 172 countries and contains consistent data from 1988 to the present.

The worlds military expenditure in 2012 totalled $1.75 trillion, or about $250 for each person alive. More than 80 per cent of all military spending in 2012 was accounted for by just 15 states. While expenditure in these states is actually falling, spending by states in Eastern Europe (especially Russia), the Middle East, North Africa and elsewhere is accelerating.

Most countries provide at least some information about their military spending, but this may often lack detail or omit significant extra-budgetary items. The Military Expenditure project also considers the question of how military budgeting processes are formed, their basis in defence and security policy, and what opportunities exist for input into these processes by parliament and civil society.

Berlin. Carina Solmirano speaks to Deutsche Welle Espaol about Latin American arms imports

SIPRI in the media

Stockholm. The Hu Jintao Decade in Chinas Foreign and Security Policy (200212)

SIPRI conference

The number of followers of the SIPRI Twitter account (@SIPRIorg) passes 5000

Social media

5 6 15 19 25

The Future of the Chemical Weapons Convention, by Mohamed Daoudi, John Hart, Ajey Lele and Ralf Trapp

New SIPRI Policy Paper

Geneva.SIPRIs military expenditure data launched by Sam Perlo-Freeman at an event co-hosted by the International Peace Bureau and the United Nations

SIPRI event

The release of SIPRIs military expenditure data coincides with the International Peace Bureaus Global Day of Action on Military Spending

April 2013

9The true extent of a countrys military expenditure may be camoflaged or disguised

10

ARCTIC FUTURES

The Arctic is emerging as a distinct subregion in an increasingly globalized world. Improved access to the Arcticwhich is caused by climate change is presenting new challenges and opportunities for the people and states of the Arctic region, and for the broader international community. As never before, the Arctic has become part of a complex set of political and economic dynamics linking actors within and outside the region.

At the heart of these processes are local, national, regional and international claims regarding identity, stewardship and sovereignty in respect to the territories and resources of the region. If the opening of the Arctic is to be stable and peaceful over the long term, it will be critical to fashion political and security arrangements capable of managing the Arctics transformation and integrating the various claims on the region in a cooperative fashion.

The SIPRI project Arctic Futures: Managing Competition and Promoting Cooperation is designed to examine the challenges emerging around these issues. As changes in the region bring new opportunities and complications, SIPRI aims to produce knowledge beneficial to the continued peaceful and cooperative development of the Arctic.

The Proliferation Security Initiative: Legal Considerations and Operational Realities, by Aaron Dunne

SIPRI Policy Paper

Stockholm. How effective are targeted sanctions? Revisiting the Stockholm Process 10 years on

SIPRIIFSH seminar

SIPRI Yearbook

Beijing. Launch of the Chinese translation of SIPRI Yearbook 2012, published by CACDA

6 16 17 20 3015

A more inclusive Arctic Council faces new challenges, by Kristofer Bergh, Linda Jakobson and Ekaterina Klimenko

SIPRI Expert Comment

The Arctic Councils ministerial meeting in Kiruna, Sweden, highlighted the global interest in the Arctic region, and SIPRIs research into the security and international politics of the Arctic

May 2013

New SIPRI publications

Decoding Pakistans Strategic Shift in Afghanistan, by Moeed Yusuf, and Europe, Afghanistan and the Transatlantic Relationship after 2014, by Erik Brattberg

11

The Nenets Autonomous Okrug region and an icy Pechora Sea in Arctic north-western Russia Image: ESAEuropean Space Agency

12

THE SIPRI YEARBOOK

The first edition of the SIPRI Yearbook was released in 1969, with the aim of producing a factual and balanced account of a controversial subjectthe arms race and attempts to stop it. The 44 editions of the Yearbook published so far have gathered important data on world military spending, the arms trade and nuclear forces, among other topics. Over the years new data sets have been added, improving the accuracy of the Yearbooks sources and refining its methods of calculation.

As SIPRIs flagship publication, the Yearbook is known worldwide as an authoritative and independent source for politicians, diplomats, journalists and analysts seeking insight on issues of armaments and arms control, armed conflicts and conflict resolution, security arrangements and disarmament, as well as the most important longer-term trends in international security.

The SIPRI Yearbook is published in print and online by Oxford University Press. Learn more at www.sipriyearbook.org.

Hong Kong. Neil Melvin and Linda Jakobson quoted in a South China Morning Post article on China and the Arctic

SIPRI in the media

SIPRI hosts the 17th Annual International Conference on Economics and Security

SIPRI conference

Berlin. Neil Melvin, Jar van der Lijn and Xenia Avezov give presentations at a joint workshop on peacekeeping policy

SIPRIFES workshop

3 14 18 25

New SIPRI Policy Paper

Strengthening the European Unions Future Approach to WMD Non-proliferation, by Ian Anthony and Lina Grip

4

SIPRI Yearbook 2013 is a compendium of data and analysis on developments in security and conflicts, military spending and armaments, and non-proliferation, arms control and disarmament

June 2013

SIPRI Yearbook

Stockholm. SIPRI Yearbook launch event and seminar on responses to allegations of chemical weapon use

13Armaments,

Disarmament

and

Internationa

l

Security

Armaments, D

isarmament a

nd Internatio

nal Security

SIPRI YEA

RBOOK 20

13

SIPRI

YEARBOOK

2013

SIP

RI Y

EA

RB

OO

K 2

013

STOCKHO

LM INTER

NATIONA

L

PEACE RE

SEARCH IN

STITUTE

1

The SIPRI Ye

arbook is a co

mpendium of

data and ana

lysis in the ar

eas of

Military sp

ending and ar

maments

Non-prolif

eration, arms

control and d

isarmament

The 44th edit

ion of the SIP

RI Yearbook

includes cove

rage of develo

pments

during 2012 i

n

Armed confl

ict, with stud

ies on conflic

t in the wake

of the Arab S

pring and the

fragile peace

in East and S

outh East Asi

a

Peace opera

tions and con

flict managem

ent, includin

g accounts of n

ew operation

s

in Syria, the S

ahel and Guin

ea-Bissau

Military exp

enditure, look

ing at the US

budget debat

e and securit

y spending in

the context of

violent crime

in Central Am

erica

Arms produ

ction and mili

tary services,

with the SIP

RI Top 100 an

d a feature on

cybersecurit

y

Internation

al arms trans

fers, highligh

ting the chan

ging pattern

s of supply and

demand and w

ith a study on

arms supplie

s to Syria

World nucl

ear forces, inc

luding stocks

and producti

on of fissile m

aterials

Nuclear arm

s control and

non-prolifera

tion, examinin

g NATOs non

-strategic

Reducing se

curity threats

from chemica

l and biologic

al materials,

highlighting t

he

oversight of

dual-purpose

research in t

he life scienc

es

Convention

al arms contr

ol and militar

y confidence b

uilding, with

studies on sm

all

arms control

in Africa, an

d confidence-

and security

-building me

asures in Asi

a

and the Ame

ricas

Dual-use a

nd arms trade

controls, with

accounts of t

he arms trade

treaty

negotiations

, sanctions an

d developme

nts in multilat

eral export co

ntrol regime

s

as well as ext

ensive annex

es on arms co

ntrol and disa

rmament agr

eements,

internationa

l security coo

peration bodi

es, and events

during 2012.

In 2013 the SIPRI Yearbook was published for the 44th time in print, and for the 4th time online

14

TRANSPORT AND SECURITY

On 16 July the President of Panama announced that his country had seized a North Korean ship, the Chong Chon Gang, which was transporting undeclared military cargo from Cuba destined for North Korea. The ships cargo ostensibly consisted of sugar, but also included missile components prohibited under a United Nations arms embargo. As the story of the seizure unfolded, SIPRI experts were called on by multiple international news outlets, including Reuters, BBC World News and The New York Times.

North Koreas recent missile and nuclear tests have isolated the country further and have led to a tightening of UN sanctions that provide explicit wording on the inspection of suspect North Korean vessels, such as the Chong Chon Gang. While barter trade and associated military transfers will continue to occur, greater international cooperation and information sharing may also lead to an increase in the number of seizures.

SIPRIs Countering Illicit TraffickingMechanism Assessment Projects (CIT-MAP) focus on the sea and air transport of conflict-sensitive, destabilizing or illicit commodities such as military equipment, dual-use goods, narcotics as well as on smuggling of tobacco, oil and counterfeit goods.

www.sipri.org/media/blogs. SIPRI, Economists for Peace and Security, and the United States Institute of Peace co-launch a new blog, Economists on Conflict

New collaborative blog

New Non-proliferation Paper

WMD-related dual-use trade control offences in the European Union: penalties and prosecutions, by Sibylle Bauer, Non-proliferation Paper no. 30

Bruce Koepke outlines the challenges ahead for Irans new president

SIPRI Expert Comment

2910 17 1814

SIPRI Yearbook

Oxford. SIPRI Yearbook 2013 published in print and online by Oxford University Press

SIPRI experts are quoted in multiple international news outlets on the subject of the North Korean ship seized in Panama en route from Cuba

July 2013

15

More than 60% of ships involved in sanctions busting or illicit transfers are owned by companies based in the EU, NATO or other OECD states

16

WORLD NUCLEAR FORCES

Nuclear weapons continue to play centraland in some case expandedroles in national defence plans and security strategies. Although there has been a significant reduction in overall global nuclear weapon inventories since the end of the cold war, large stockpiles of weapons and weapon-usable fissile material remain in place.

At the start of 2013, nine states possessed approximately 4400 operational nuclear weapons. If all nuclear warheads are counted, the total came to approximately 17 270 nuclear weapons. All five legally recognized nuclear weapon states, as defined by the 1968 Non-Proliferation TreatyChina, France, Russia, the UK and the USA are modernizing their nuclear forces, reflecting a trend toward fewer but newer nuclear weapons. Outside of the NPT, India and Pakistan are working to increase the size and sophistication of their nuclear arsenals.

Since its founding in 1966, SIPRI has been collecting data on world nuclear forces, with a particular focus on monitoring increases or improvements in national nuclear weapon arsenals. This data is released annually in the SIPRI Yearbook and provides an internationally-respected reference resource through which policymakers, journalists and civil society groups can follow trends and developments in global nuclear weapon inventories and doctrines.

Berlin. Phillip Schell discusses North Koreas recent expansion of its Yongbyon nuclear plant for Deutsche Welle

SIPRI in the media

SIPRI Yearbook

Moscow. Launch of the Russian translation of SIPRI Yearbook 2012, published by the Institute of World Economy and International Relations

Ian Anthony discusses the significance of the defeat of the vote in the British Parliament seeking authorization for military strikes on Syria

SIPRI Expert Comment

14 21 25 30

Hong Kong. Oliver Bruner comments on military relations between China, Taiwan and the United Statesin the South China Morning Post

SIPRI in the media

6 9

2013 marked the 68th anniversary of the destruction of Hiroshima and Nagasaki by atomic bombsSIPRIs world nuclear forces data, released each year, reflect the extent of the nuclear disarmament challenge

August 2013

17

US nuclear weapon test at Bikini Atoll, July 1946 Image: US Department of Defense

18

REGIONAL DIALOGUES AND DYNAMICS

By bringing together key actors in structured dialogues, and by conducting research on regional issues, SIPRI hopes to provide policymakers with recommendations that contribute to the strengthening of regional policies that support durable stability and security.

SIPRIs Wider Central Asia Initiative convenes dialogue meetings with experts and government officials in Afghanistan, China, Iran, Pakistan, and Central Asia. The insights gained through these dialogue meetings will feed into the design of more effective policy on critical security issues.

SIPRIs New Geopolitics of Peace Operations Initiative identifies potential future challenges for peace operations through a series of regional dialogue meetings with emerging powers and troop-contributing countries.

SIPRIs China and Global Security Project aims to advance peace and security studies through research, analysis, policy-relevant publications and other outputs, with a particular emphasis on Chinas role in and impact on global, non-traditional and transnational security.

Shanghai. Chinese and European experiences of protecting energy interests abroad

SIPRISIIS workshop

3 5 11 23

Ian Anthony discusses international efforts to disarm Syria, arguing that the current crisis provides an opportunity for Russian leadership

SIPRI Expert Comment

21 30

Brussels. SIPRI experts, including Sibylle Bauer and Paul Holtom, speak at the Second EU Non-Proliferation and Disarmament Conference

EUNPC conference

Theresa Hghammar outlines options for Swedens future involvement in Afghanistan

SIPRI Expert Comment

SIPRIs Wider Central Asia initiative launches its third publication, on Irans policy on Afghanistan, and an Expert Comment on Swedens future involvement in Afghanistan

September 2013

Berlin. John Hartexplains how weapon inspectors work for Tagesspiegel

SIPRI in the media

19

A young girl walks across rooftops in Herat, AfghanistanImage: UN Photo/Eric Kanalstein

20

PEACEBUILDING IN MALI

Mali has been through a tumultuous period since armed violence broke out in northern Mali in January 2012. Two months later, in the wake of a coup dtat that deposed the Malian Government, armed groups gained control of an area in northern Mali comprising more than half of the countrys territory. Since then, a process has been initiated to restore peace and stability. Most of the armed violence has been quelled by the French military intervention, democratic elections have been held and a United Nations-mandated peacekeeping and stabilization mission has been initiated.

While some level of security and government legitimacy has therefore been achieved in Mali, much remains to be done. Civil society has an important role to play both in the elaboration of a comprehensive and sustainable peace strategy and in its implementation.

SIPRIs Mali Civil Society and Peacebuilding Project aims to strengthen the capacity of civil society in Mali by providing support and resources for civil society actors to generate increased knowledge and understanding of conflict dynamics and develop a joint strategy for their contributions to peace, security and development.

Beijing. Security in Afghanistan and its Neighbourhood: The Regional Dimension of Stability after Transition

SIPRI workshop

2010 18 22 28

Moscow. Russias Strategy for Developing the Arctic Region until 2020: Economics, Security, Environment and International Cooperation

SIPRI workshop

New SIPRI Policy Paper

Chinas Exports of Small Arms and Light Weapons, by Paul Holtom, Mark Bromley and Mathieu Duchtel

New York. Pieter Wezeman comments on Chinas arms industry in theInternational New York Times

SIPRI in the media

A new SIPRI project aims to assist civil society organizations in their contributions to peace, security and development in Mali

October 2013

21

A pirogue boat anchored on the banks of the Niger River near Bamako, Mali

22

UNDERSTANDING AND MANAGING CONFLICT

The continuous critical analysis of violent conflicts around the worldtheir causes, dynamics and consequencesconstitutes one of SIPRIs core research tasks.

SIPRIs Armed Conflict and Conflict Management Programme is responsible for producing the chapter on trends in armed conflicts in the SIPRI Yearbook, which incorporates data and analysis on armed conflicts produced by the Uppsala Conflict Data Program at Uppsala University.

The programme also produces the Yearbook chapter on peace operations, collates comprehensive information on multilateral peace operations and analyses significant trends in peacekeeping and their impact on post-conflict peacebuilding policies.

In recent years, the programme has led SIPRIs work on security and non-proliferation issues related to Iran, and will continue to work with its partners in the region to increase transparency and encourage peaceful dialogue.

Macroeconomics of Security Programme to explore fiscal implications of security and the socio-economic aspects of development

New SIPRI programme

New SIPRI Background Paper

South Koreas export control system, by SIPRIKorea Foundation intern Jaewon Lee

28

Beijing. Chinese Government responds to SIPRI Policy Paper on Chinas exports of small arms and light weapons, stating that it is ready to make joint efforts with the international community to eliminate the hazard of illegal trade in light and small arms

SIPRI in the media

5 19 296 18

Stockholm. Right Livelihood Award winner Paul Walker on building a world free of chemical weapons

SIPRI lecture

Stockholm. Transparency Internationals Mark Pyman on the role of parliaments in increasing transparency in the military sector

SIPRI lecture

Majid Takht Ravanchi, a leading member of Irans nuclear negotiation team, offers insights into the new Iranian political environment in a SIPRI lecture in Stockholm

November 2013

23

SIPRI Governing Board Chairman Gran Lennmarker presents a copy of SIPRI Yearbook 2013 to Ambassador Majid Takht Ravanchi of Iran

24

CHEMICAL WEAPONS IN SYRIA

The conflict in Syria has now claimed over 100 000 lives. Allegations that the regime of Syrian President Bashir al-Assad used chemical weapons against civilians on 21 August 2013 prompted a flurry of international reactions. While the United States weighed up the option of military strikes, a motion in the British Parliament on 30 August that would have opened the way for a military strike against Syria was defeated. Then, on 9 September the Russian Foreign Minister called on Syria to destroy its stockpiles and join the 1993 Chemical Weapons Convention (CWC).

Eventually, a verification team from the Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW) was allowed into Syria to collect samples. Regardless of who was responsible for the chemical weapon attack, Syrias decision to join the CWC and destroy its stockpile represents a positive step towards full disarmament, with only six states now outside the convention.

SIPRIs Chemical Weapons Project has conducted many years of research into chemical weapons, and has helped inform the actions of the international community to disarm Syria of its chemical weapon stockpile.

12 145 18

SIPRI Yearbook

Cairo. Arabic translation of SIPRI Yearbook 2013 published by Centre for Arab Unity Studies

Chinas Policy on North Korea: Economic Engagement and Nuclear Disarmament, by Mathieu Duchtel and Phillip Schell

New SIPRI Policy Paper

Bamako. The launch of SIPRIs Mali Project is covered in the local media

SIPRI in the media

New York. Siemon Wezeman comments on global defence spending in an article in Bloomberg Business Week

SIPRI in the media

16

SIPRI co-hosts a seminar at the Swedish Parliament in honour of the winner of the 2013 Nobel Peace Prize, the Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons

December 2013

25

UN and OPCW inspectors arrive in The Hague after collecting samples related to alleged chemical weapon use in Syria Image: OPCW/ Henry Arvidsson

26

FACTS AND OUTREACH

The average number of employees at SIPRI in 2013 was 51, of whom 28were men and 23 women

In 2013, 15 different nationalities were represented among the staff of the Institute

The number of full-time research staff was 34 persons and during the year 23 interns and 8 guest researcher visited SIPRI

SIPRI published 28 titles in 2013, including 10 on behalf of the European Union Non-Proliferation Consortium

Full translations of the SIPRI Yearbook were also published in Arabic, Chinese, Russian and Ukrainian, and summaries in Catalan, Dutch, French, German, Italian, Spanish, Swedish and, for the first time, Mongolian

On average, 2700 people visit the SIPRI website each day; the website recorded more than 1.6 million unique page views in 2013

At the end of 2013, SIPRI counted more than 7000 followers on Twitter and more than 5000 on Facebook, a threefold increase since 2012

During 2013 SIPRI was quoted in approximately 20 000 media outlets in more than 130 countries

The total readership of SIPRIs media outlets was estimated to be over 100 million people in 2013

SIPRI is an international institute, attracting scholars, researchers, policymakers and visiting experts and delegations from all over the world

JanuaryDecember 2013

27

SIPRI staff take part in emergency drills at a former Swedish Fire Brigade training centre

28

FINANCES

2013 2012Income

Grant from Swedish Government 24 397 000 24 094 000Grant from other funders 27 126 492 29 393 428Royalties and sales 115 014 153 962Other 297 566 13 170

Total 51 936 072 53 654 560

Expenditure

Project expenditure from grants 12 196 039 13 703 341Administrative expenditure 9 903 335 10 568 948Staff costs 31 585 156 29 412 847Depreciation 168 796 102 360

Operating profit 1 917 254 132 936

Financial income

Financial net amount 327 891 386 205

Net profit/loss for the year 1 589 363 253 269

SIPRIs annual accounts have been prepared in accordance with the Swedish Bookkeeping Act

JanuaryDecember 2013

CThe SIPRI building in Frsunda, Solna, was originally used by the Swedish Signal Regiment

CONTENTSDIRECTORS WELCOMECONTROLLING THE TRADE IN DUAL-USE ITEMSTRACKING THE GLOBAL ARMS INDUSTRYTHE INTERNATIONAL ARMS TRADETRENDS IN MILITARY SPENDINGARCTIC FUTURESTHE SIPRI YEARBOOKTRANSPORT AND SECURITYWORLD NUCLEAR FORCESREGIONAL DIALOGUES AND DYNAMICSPEACEBUILDING IN MALIUNDERSTANDING AND MANAGING CONFLICTCHEMICAL WEAPONS IN SYRIAFACTS AND OUTREACHFINANCES