Shigekazu Hayashi

New Energy and Industry Technology Development Organization

（NEDO）

October 2018

SIP Automated Driving for Universal Services

(SIP-adus) R&D Plan

1

Outline

• 1st phase of SIP-adus (2014-2018)

– Vision and development goals

– Objectives and fields of R&D

– Initiatives and progress

• 2nd phase of SIP-adus (2018-2022)

– Overview and objectives

– Details, schedule, and organization

2

Government Initiatives to Advance Automated Driving in Japan: Vision and Development Goals

Safer and more comfortable transport system

For a society with a declining birth rate and aging population, and productivity revolution

Ensure means of mobility in local areas Alleviate the shortage of human resources

(drivers)

Vision for social aspects

Reduce traffic accidentsTarget reduction in traffic fatalities2017: 3,694 → 2,500 or less

Reduce traffic congestion

More competitive in auto industry

Digital infrastructureSensor-equipped vehicle

(e.g., cameras, radar sensors)

Vision for industrial aspects

Communication device

Shipment value of the auto manufacturing industry: accounts for 20% of major manufacturing industries

Creation of new industries

Amid the fierce global development competition, the SIP-adus project conducts R&D on solving issues in cooperative areas through industry-government-academia cooperation in order to achieve automated driving.

CSTI serves as the headquarters to help solve cross-ministerial issues in implementing automated driving under several ministries and agencies (National Police Agency, Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications, Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry, Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism (road administration, automotive safety)).

Persons employed Value of manufactured goods shipped

53.3101 trillion yen

(17.5%)

5.29 million employees

(8.3%)

3

1st Phase of SIP-adus in Japan: Objectives

(1) Reduction of traffic accidents and congestion

(2) Early realization and deployment of automated driving systems

(3) Realization of an advanced public bus transport system that is easy to use by elderly

people and vulnerable road users in road transport system

4

PlatooningBranching

Fully automated

parking

Clarification of functional expandability

requirements and priority for next step

and scheduling of its implementation

Practical application of a high-end

partial driving automation system

(Level 2) by 2020

Maps, ITS info, sensors Control, AI

Vehicle

Actuator

(Hydraulics, electric motor)

GNSS

ITS predictive information

High-definition 3D map

Onboard sensors

CameraRadar

HMIHuman

Machine

Interface

Cooperation with human

Platform technologies Cyber-security, simulation, database, etc.

Red: cooperative areas under SIP

Important technologies

・ Self-position estimation

・Neighboring environment recognition

Laser scanner (LiDAR)

Dynamic map

5

1st Phase of SIP-adus: Fields of R&D

Recognition Judgment Operation

Initiatives to Address Five Important Issues and Progress (1)

Link

Base

Static data= High-definition 3D map information

Dynamic data

Semi-dynamic data

Semi-static data

Linkage rule

Dynamic map

Dynamic Map Platform Co., Ltd. (DMP) was established

(June 2017).(Six surveying/map companies and 10 automakers in Japan invested

in the company.)

Expanding the scope of infrastructure information

provided through industry-government cooperation・ Information about lane closures on expressways (Ministry of Land,

Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism)

・ Traffic signal information/information about traffic regulations in

respective prefectures (National Police Agency)

・ Vehicle probe statistics information (businesses), etc.

(1) Dynamic map

(2) HMI

Research on HMI measurement techniques and indices

Gathering data on public roads, developing a database,

and sharing results with participants including manufacturers

outside Japan

Establishing an index of the driver’s condition and

determining the correlation with the time required for TOR*

*Take Over Request

6

HMI Consortium

Japan Automobile

Manufacturers

Association

Society of

Automotive

Engineers of Japan

DriverScope captured by a camera

Driver monitor camera

Initiatives to Address Five Important Issues and Progress (2)

(4) Pedestrian accident reduction

(5) Next-generation transport

Developing a mutual alert system for pedestrians and vehicles utilizing V2P communication(V2P equipped smartphone,

79GHz millimeter-wave radar)

Achieving on-time operation by advanced PTPS* and ART** information center function

Developing ART control function(precise docking control at bus stops, smooth acceleration/deceleration control)

*Public Transportation Priority Systems **Advanced Rapid Transit

Bluetooth

(3) Cyber-security

Developing the evaluation guidelines・ In cooperation with JasPar

Establishing organizations for evaluation

FOTs based on the guidelines

Mobility support services using ART as the core system

Developing technologies to estimate position with high accuracy and predict behavior

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Walking mapBus operation

informationAdvanced transfer

information

Bus operator

PTPS service

information

PTPS roadside

detector

On-demand navigation

information for

pedestrians

On-demand

navigation information

Advanced PICS

Crowdedness

information

Precise docking control

Congestion prediction

Advanced

transfer

information

Smartphone

Location information,

speed, direction

20182017201620152014

1st Phase of SIP-adus: Overall Schedule

8

Promoting Committee

System Implementation Working Group

International CooperationWorking Group

Next-Generation Transport Working Group

(1) Dynamic map

(2) Cyber-security

(3) Cooperation between

humans and vehicles

(HMI)

(4) Pedestrian accidents

reduction

(5) Next-generation transport

Imp

lem

en

tati

on

Large-scale FOTs Integrate into

five important issues

Development of organizational structure

R&D on specific themes

Fostering public acceptance

Stimulating research andtechnology development

Making evaluations and identifying issues in more applications

Assessing the feasibility of implementation

Encouraging international cooperation and coordination

2nd Phase of SIP (2018–

2022)Start a new project to achieve higher goals

◆Results report

meetingat Odaiba

in early February

◆SIP-adus WS

at OdaibaNovember

13–15

Outline of the Presentation

•1st phase of SIP-adus (2014-2018)

– Vision and development goals

– Objectives and fields of R&D

– Initiatives and progress

• 2nd phase of SIP-adus (2018-2022)

– Overview and objectives

– Details, schedule, and organization

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Overview of 2nd Phase of SIP-adus

The operational domain of automated driving will be extended from highways to arterial and general public roads, and automated driving systems will be implemented in mobility services including public transport and logistic operations.These actions will help solve social issues such as reducing traffic accidents and congestion, providing greater mobility for vulnerable road users in local communities, and alleviating the shortage of drivers in the logistics industry, and finally ensuring safe and comfortable mobility for everyone in society.

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Practical implementation of

logistics/mobility services

Expansion of operational

domain from highways to

general public roads

SAE* automated driving level

Level 5

Level 4

Level 3

Level 2

Level 1

(Golf carts)

(Unmanned transport vehicles in factories)

(Auto-braking)(Pedal error control)

UnrestrictedRestricted(Regions, roads, environments, traffic conditions, speeds, drivers, etc.)

*SAE (Society of Automotive Engineers): Standardization body in the U.S.

• Address depopulation

• Address driver shortages ✓Resolve societal challenges

• Freedom of movement

• Traffic accident reduction

• Traffic congestion reduction

• Vehicle value improvement

✓International cooperation

✓Economic development

Privately owned

vehicles

Logistics/

mobility services

Fully automated

driving society

Objectives

〈2025年完全自動運転を見据えた市場化・サービス実現のシナリオ〉

・ The cooperative areastechnologies essential for implementation will be established by 2023

・The effectiveness of the technologies will be validated through FOTs, involving various businesses and local government, and multiple example cases for commercialization will be created.

Public-Private ITS Initiative/Roadmaps 2018

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Scenario for the commercialization and service of fully automated driving by 2025

By 2020 Early 2020s Circa 2025

[Private vehicles]

[Logistics services]

[Mobility services]

Development/demonstration

Sophisticated driving

safety support system

(tentative name)Deployment

Reduction of

traffic accidents

Alleviation of

traffic congestion

Strengthening of

industrial

competitiveness

Automated driving on

general roads [L2]Development/

demonstration

Large-

scale

field test

Automated driving on

expressways

[L2, L3]

Deployment/expansion

Fully automated

driving on

expressways [L4]

Fully automated

driving of trucks on

expressways [L4] Innovative

streamlining of

logistics in the

era of population

decrease

Truck platooning on

expressways

[L2 and above]

Unmanned autonomous

driving delivery service

in specified areas

Automated driving of

buses on expressways

[L2 and above]

Unmanned autonomous

driving transport system

in specified areas [L4]

Field test on

public roads ・Remote type

・Underpopulated

areas etc.

Development/ demonstration

Unmanned

autonomous driving

transport system in

specified areas [L4]*Expansion of target areas,

ODDs, and the contents

and scope of services

Society that

enables the elderly

to move around

freely in each

region nationwide

Deployment Milestones

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Stakeholders of commercialization participate in the R&D phase and mobility services will

be commercialized smoothly at the completion of the project. Specifically, investment and

business planning by private operators will be promoted by:

1) taking full advantage of the Olympic and Paralympic Games Tokyo 2020

2) conducting FOTs based on the plans of businesses and local government

Opportunities for open discussion will be provided to promote international standardization and R&D (scheduled to start in October 2019).

The cost including the vehicles used, personnel expenses for testing, and vehicle insurance premiums is paid by respective companies in the private sector (matching fund).

Local FOTs involve businesses and local government.

■Course

FOTs in the Tokyo

Waterfront City area

FOTs in the Haneda area

Haneda

Route

Bayshore

Route

【Scenario for private car】

Building the Road Traffic Environmental Info. Framework

第1期

SIP

第2期

SIP

～2018 ～2022

Ordinary road<L2>

Expressway<L2・L3> Expressway<L4>

By 2020

By around 2020

By around 2025

Realizing Society5.0（implementation CPS*）

*CPS：Cyber Physical System

目指す姿

Building geographical space information market

Utilization of traffic environment information

and geospatial information in multiple fields

Promote dissemination by cost reduction of high-definition 3D

maps

Achieve safe and smooth traveling by prefetching information

Distribution real-time information on

restrictions

Accident reduction by V2X technology

Reducing traffic congestion by traffic flow control

Visualization of traffic environment information and

social utilization

Signal information provision

Large-scale FOT on linking high definition 3D map and information

Implementing cooperative

automated driving

Collection and utilization of vehicle probe information

Cooperative control of infrastructure and vehicle such as traffic merging

support

FOT at Tokyo waterfront area for dynamic information

distribution

Developing and operating dynamic traffic information

(Cooperative area)

Establishment of static information

infrastructure

Dynamic map basic conceptConstruction of static information

Realization of smart mobility service / logistics service

Details of R&D

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I. Development and validation (FOTs) of automated driving

system(1) Development of technologies for delivering traffic signal data

(2) Development of technologies to support V2I coordination and

vehicle merging assistance, etc.

(3) Development of technologies for gathering and utilizing vehicle

probe data

(4) Development of next-generation public transport systems

(5) Development of road environment suited to the practical

implementation of mobility services, etc.

Tokyo Waterfront City–Haneda area Local transport

ll. Development of core technologies for the practical implementation of automated driving

(1) Creation of a safety assessment environment in virtual space

(2) Development of technologies for efficient data gathering,

analysis, and distribution

(3) Development of cyber-security technologies with online

software updates, etc.

(4) Creation of requirement for HMI required for more

sophisticated automated driving, etc.

Tec

hn

olo

gie

s

public acceptance

Ill. Fostering public acceptance of automated driving

(1) Planning and hosting of events that

promote public acceptance of automated

driving

(2) Clarification of the impact of automated

driving

(3) Research on support for vulnerable road

users (e.g., elderly, disabled, pregnant

women, foreign tourists), etc.

Regulatory reform and rule-making

SIP conducts a comprehensive review through

cooperation of ministries and agencies. Rule-

making actions are taken by respective ministries.

International cooperation

IV. Enhancement of international cooperation

(1) Dissemination of the outcomes of the project at international conferences

(2) Implementation of joint research with overseas research institutions

(3) Distribution of project related information on the web, etc.

Overall Schedule

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R&D item FY2018 plan FY2019 plan FY2020 plan FY2021 plan FY2022 planDeployment

MilestonesCommercialization

I. Development and validation (FOTs) of automated driving systemA) Waterfront city area (general roads)

A-1. Privately owned vehiclesImprove the platform for the public road FOT areaUtilize traffic signal information

A-2. Next-generation public transport

2) Transport services for a

small number of people

B) Highways (intercity expressways)

B-1. Privately owned vehiclesMerging lane assistance, etc.

B-2. Logistics services

C) Local areas, etc. (to be determined)

C-1. Local public

transportation

Develop the infrastructure equipment

and prepare the environment for FOTs

Develop vehicles

Improve the environment for FOTs(e.g., vehicle-infrastructure cooperative systems)

Investigate the actual traffic flow over the long term and

conduct FOTs by installing experimental infrastructure

equipment

Conduct FOTs of automated

driving toward the 2020 Summer

Olympic/Paralympic Games in

Tokyo

Demonstration for the 2020 Summer Olympic/Paralympic Games in Tokyo

Compile

the

experiment

results and

issues

Develop and improve the

FOT platform to create a

legacy

Implement the results of

platform technology

development

Conduct large-

scale FOTs to

establish the

technology for the

deployment

milestones

Review the details through cooperation with SIP Logistics

Conduct long-term FOTs Improve the systems

Change the legal system

Commercialize Mobility Service Level 4

(deploy in other areas)

Privately owned vehicles

(Level 2 or higher on general

roads)

Advance the driver assistance

technology

Urban public transportation

systems

Commercialize the

transportation services for a

small number of people (on

general roads)

Privately owned vehicles

(Level 4 on expressways)

(by 2025)

Trucks

(Level 4 on expressways)

(by 2025)

Commercialize Mobility

Service Level 4

(from 2020)

By 2025

After 2025

After 2020

II. Development of core technologies for the practical implementation of automated driving(1) Creation of a safety assessment environment in virtual space

(2) Development of technologies for efficient data gathering, analysis, and distribution

(3) Development of cyber-security technologies with online software update, etc.

(4) Creation of requirements for HMI for more sophisticated automated driving

Formulate

a plan

Formulate

a plan

Formulate

a plan

Formulate

a plan

Sensor evaluation method

Driver model

FOTs of automated driving toward the 2020 Summer Olympic/Paralympic Games in Tokyo

Create the

environment

Utilize new communication technologies (including V2X technologies)

Map update/landmarks

Technology to utilize traffic congestion/obstacle information in vehicle control

Technology to collect, analyze, and distribute information (e.g., vehicle probe data) in the private sector

1) Public buses

FOTs (Tokyo Waterfront City–Haneda Area)

■ FOTs will start in autumn 2019 in the Tokyo waterfront city area (general roads and Metropolitan Expressway in the Tokyo Waterfront City area/Haneda area) toward the Olympic and Paralympic Games Tokyo 2020 (in cooperation with Japan Automobile Manufacturers Association).

R&D in cooperative areas will be promoted to achieve early implementation of automated driving (L2 to L4 on highways and general public roads). Efforts will also be made to increase public acceptance by involving local government, the general public, etc.

Vehicles are allowed to pass through intersections safely and smoothly based on the signal display and change timing information even in environments where recognition is difficult using in-vehicle cameras.

Providing traffic signal information Providing vehicle information on the main lane

Public transport system(self-driving buses)

FOTs for the next-generation ART will be implemented on public roads by using automated driving technology in mixed traffic flow.

Merging assistance on the main lane of highwaysDetails of FOTs (draft)

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Check the road ahead

A vehicle detector is installed at two locations before the merging reference point on the main lane (E and F).A roadside detector is installed at two locations before the merging reference point on the acceleration lane (G and H).

Merging reference point

Roadside detector

Vehicle detector

Main lane

The traffic information of the main lane is provided from the road side.

Acceleration laneAutonomous car

The speed and timing to enter the main lane are automatically adjusted to ensure safe merging.

Vehicles are grouped into platoons by CACC to ensure smooth operation by PTPS (in which signals are controlled to give right of way to public transportation vehicles.)

On-time operation based on the timetable

FOTs (Local Transportation)

■ Long-term FOTs will be implemented in underpopulated areas, local communities, etc. through collaboration with businesses and local government to validate the effectiveness and business feasibility of automated driving in terms of logistics and mobility services.

The long-term FOTs will increase public acceptance by involving the general public, etc. and aim to create multiple implementation examples.

Details of FOTs (draft)

Mobility/logistics services in underpopulated areas, etc.

Long-term FOTs on public roads toward commercialization as means of local logistics and mobility services for citizens

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FOTs for technologies

FOTs for implementation and commercialization

Ensuring means of mobility in areas where many elderly persons live or that are not easily accessible

Build a Virtual Environment for Safety Evaluation

■ Simulation tools for assessing the safety of automated driving in various traffic environments — Joint research will be conducted by experts in industry and academia.Comprehensive and objective safety assessments will be achieved based on actual long-term and long-haul driving evaluations, followed by virtual assessments.

Various weather conditions

Various traffic environments

Virtual safety assessment

Safety validation based on driving experiments of more

than 10 billion km

Simulation tools that can

reproduce and combine various

environments will be developed

for performing safety

assessments based on

automatic assessment by

repeating critical situations.

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Implementation Organization

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* The promoting committee will be reviewed after the end of the 1st phase of SIP. A new organization will be established in 2019 to promote the project.

Promoting Committee*Chair: PD (Seigo Kuzumaki)

Secretariat: Cabinet Office

Cabinet Secretariat, NPA, MIC, METI, MLIT, etc.Cabinet Secretariat

IT Strategic

Headquarters

HQ

coordination

Cabinet Office

System

Implementation

Working Group

Next-Generation Transport

Working Group

International

Cooperation

Working Group

2020 Tokyo

Waterfront City

Area FOT TFNational Police

Agency (NPA)Ministry of Internal

Affairs and

Communications (MIC)Ministry of Economy, Trade

and Industry (METI)Ministry of Land,

Infrastructure, Transport

and Tourism (MLIT)Other relevant

ministries and

agencies

Research groups

Thank you for your attention.

Mobility bringing everyone a smile!

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