simple and cross tabulation

8/13/2019 Simple and Cross Tabulation

1/13

Simple and Cross Tabulation

Abu Bashar


2/13

2

Data exploration

Graphical plots of the data: to get a first overview of the maincharacteristics of the data-set, especially the distribution ofthe original variables across the whole sample and for sub-samples

Univariate descriptive statistics and one-way tabulation: tosynthesize the main characteristics of each of the variables inthe-set

Multivariate descriptive statistics and cross-tabulation: to geta first understanding of relationship existing betweendifferent variables and enabling the joint examination of two

or more variables


3/13

3

Graphs

Univariate plots of

qualitative or discrete data

Univariate plots of

quantitative data

Bivariate and multivariate

plots of quantitative data

Bivariate and multivariate

plots of quantitative

versus qualitative data


4/13

4

Univariate qualitative or discrete data

1 2 3 4 5 6 9

Household size

0

50

100

150

200

Co

unt

Number of sampled household by household size

Bar chart

1 2 3 4 5 6 9

Household size

0

50

100

150

200

Count

Sampled households by size

Line chart

1

2

3

4

5

6

9

Household size

Pies show counts

n=149

n=177

n=67

n=70

n=24n=12

n=1

Pie chart

Sampled households by household size


5/13

5

Univariate continuous data (1)

1000.00 2000.00 3000.00 4000.00

Anonymised hhold inc + allowances

0

25

50

75

100

Co

unt

HistogramNumber of sampled households by household income

0.00

500.00

1000.00

1500.00

2000.00

Anonymisedhholdinc+allowances

Box-Whiskers Diagram

Weekly household income plus allowances

Error Bars show Mean +/- 1.0 SD

Low income

Medium-low income

Medium-high income

High income

Quartile

0.00

500.00

1000.00

1500.00

2000.00

Anonymisedhholdinc+allowances

Error bar chart

Household income by quartile

Maximum

Minimum

Upper quartile

Lower quartile

Median


6/13

6

Univariate continuous data (2)

High income Medium-high

income

Medium-low

income

Low income

Anonymised hhold inc + allowances(Banded)

0.00

100000.00

200000.00

300000.00

Anonymisedhh

oldinc+allowances

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

Perce

nt

170054.19

78867.6645640.06

23488.32

Total Revenues by Income Quartile

Pareto Chart

0 100 200 300

Observed Value

-50

0

50

100

150

Expec

tedNormalValue

Normal Q-Q Plot of EFS: Total Food & non-alcoholic beverage

Pareto charts

Bars ordered in decreasing order of thefrequencies they represent

The line indicates the cumulative proportion

Useful for quality control (ANALYZE/QUALITY

CONTROL in SPSS)

Q-Q plots

Compare the empirical (observed) datadistribution and some theoretical distribution

When the observed distribution is close to the

theoretical one, the plotted values tend to lie on

a straight line.


7/13

7

Low income Medium- lowincome

Medium-highincome

High income

Anonymised hhold inc + allowances(Banded)

0.0

20.0

40.0

60.0

80.0

100.0

120.0

Mean

EFS: Total Food &non-alcoholicbeverage

EFS: Total Clothingand Footwear

EFS: TotalRecreation

EFS: TotalRestaurants andHotels

Average household expenditure for selected categories byincome range

Clustered Bar Chart

Bivariate and multivariate plots

11.84%

3.36%

6.16%

11.24%

9.42%

1.35%15.55%

2.88%

16.89%

1.93%

10.16%

9.22%

EFS: Total Food &non-alcoholicbeverage

EFS: TotalAlcoholicBeverages,Tobacco

EFS: Total Clothingand Footwear

EFS: TotalHousing, Water,Electricity

EFS: TotalFurnishings, HHEquipment,Carpets

EFS: Total Healthexpenditure

EFS: TotalTransport costs

Cases weighted by Annual weight

Household expenditure by category

Multi-variable Pie Chart

0.0 25.0 50.0 75.0

Value

EFS: Total Alcoholic Beverages, Tobacco

EFS: Total Clothing and Footwear

EFS: T otal Communication

EFS: Total Education

EFS: Total Food & non-alcoholic beverage

EFS: Total F urnishings, HH Equipment, Carpets

EFS: Total Health expenditure

EFS: Total Housing, Water, Electricity

EFS: Total Recreation

EFS: Total Restaurants and Hotels

Multi-variable Line Chart

Mean Weekly Household Expenditure by Categorywith Confidence Intervals

0.000 1.000 2.000 3.000 4.000 5.000

Sausages

0.000

25.000

50.000

75.000

Beerand

lager(broughthome)

Scatterplot

Beer and sausage expenditure


8/13

8

Low income Medium-low incomeMedium-high income High income

Anonymised hhold inc + allowances (Banded)

0.000

2.000

4.000

6.000

8.000

Mean

Wine from grape orother fruit (away fromhome)

Ciders and Perry (awayfrom home)

Beer and lager (away

from home)

Means by income quartile

Alcohol expenditure away from home

Clustered Bar Chart

0 2 1 3 4 5 6

Number of children

0

200

400

600

800

1,000

1,200

1,400

Count

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

Percent

381

196116 81

11 8

281

88

44

Soft drinks

Fruit juices

Cumulative

Soft Drink and Fruit Juice Consumption

Stacked Pareto Chart

EFS: Total Food & non-alcoholicbeverage

EFS: Total Restaurants andHotels

EFS: Total Alcoholic Beverages,Tobacco

0

10,000

20,000

30,000

40,000

50,000

Count

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

Percent

22,72518,110

6,335

Total Weekly Expenditure for Selected Categories

Pareto Chart

Bivariate and multivariate plots


9/13


10/13

10

Descriptive statisticsDescriptive statistics

In a typicalweek how

much fresh orfrozen chickendo you buy foryour household

consumption(Kg.)?

In a typicalweek how

much do youspend on fresh

or frozenchicken(Euro)? Age

Valid 446 443 500N

Missing 54 57 0

Mean 1.0582 5.6677 45.582

Std. Error of Mean .06843 .19640 .7100

Median .9100 5.0000 45.000

Mode 1.00 3.00 45.0

Std. Deviation 1.44514 4.13383 15.8763

Variance 2.088 17.089 252.055Minimum .00 .00 18.0

Maximum 25.03 30.00 87.0

25 .5000 3.0000 32.000

50 .9100 5.0000 45.000

Percentiles

75 1.3600 7.5000 57.000


11/13

11

Cross-tabulation

Food & non-alcoholic beverage (Binned) * Anonym ised hhold inc + allowances (Banded) Crosstabulation

47 19 18 4 88

9.4% 3.8% 3.6% .8% 17.6%

57 48 24 22 15111.4% 9.6% 4.8% 4.4% 30.2%

17 31 45 40 133

3.4% 6.2% 9.0% 8.0% 26.6%

4 27 38 59 128

.8% 5.4% 7.6% 11.8% 25.6%

125 125 125 125 500

25.0% 25.0% 25.0% 25.0% 100.0%

Count

% of Total

Count

% of Total

Count

% of Total

Count

% of Total

Count

% of Total

20 or less

From 20 to 40

From 40 to 60

More than 60

Food & non-alcoholic

beverage (Binned)

Total

Low income

Medium-low

income

Medium-high

income High income

Anonymised hhold inc + allow ances (Banded)

Total


12/13

12

3-variables frequency table

Childr en, income and age of HRP

1.4% .8% .2% 2.4%

2.6% 1.0% .4% .2% 4.2%

18.4% 18.4%

1.0% .2% .2% 1.4%

4.8% 2.2% 2.6% 1.6% 11.2%

12.0% .4% 12.4%

.6% .4% .8% .2% 2.0%

7.6% 2.6% 3.8% 2.4% 16.4%

6.4% .2% 6.6%

1.6% .4% 2.0%

9.2% 2.6% 4.6% 1.6% 18.0%

4.8% .2% 5.0%

Less than 30 years

From 30 to 55 years

More than 55 years

Age of HRP -

anonymised

(Binned)

Low income

Less than 30 years

From 30 to 55 years

More than 55 years

Age of HRP -

anonymised

(Binned)

Medium-low

income

Less than 30 years

From 30 to 55 years

More than 55 years

Age of HRP -

anonymised

(Binned)

Medium-high

income

Less than 30 years

From 30 to 55 years

More than 55 years

Age of HRP -

anonymised

(Binned)

High income

Anonymised

hhold inc +

allow ances(Banded)

Table %

No

children

Table %

One

children

Table %

Tw o

children

Table %

More than

tw o

children

Number of children (Banded)

Table %

Total


13/13

13

Quantitative by categorical

.589 (1.59) 2.701 (8.26) 1.112 (3.78)

.000 (.00) .067 (.39) .010 (.11)

.263 (.96) .396 (1.80) .139 (.84)

1.240 (5.78) .644 (3.37) .107 (.84)

Books

Ice creamInternet subscription fees

Cinemas

Mean

Standard

Deviation

Less than 30 years

Mean

Standard

Deviation

From 30 to 55 years

Mean

Standard

Deviation

More than 55 years

Age of HRP - anonymised (Binned)

simple and cross tabulation

Documents