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SHREE DHANVANTARY PHARMACY COLLEGE, KIM E-BULLETIN VOL.: 2(3), July-September 2015 1

July-September 201

SHREE DHANVANTARY PHARMACY COLLEGE, KIM

SDPC E-bulletin

July-September 2015

SDPC E-BULLETIN Vol.: 2(3), JULY-SEPTEMBER 2015 EMail: [email protected]

FACULTY MEMBERS

Dr. Hasumati A. Raj Mr. Uttam More Dr. Bhavesh V. Akbari Mr. Adil S. Patel Mr. Samaresh Pal Roy Ms. Nilam Prajapati Mr. Anand Deshmukh Ms. Pankti S. Patel Mr. Manish B. Goyani Mr. Sagar P. Patel Ms. Meghna Patel Miss. Bhavini Gharia

STUDENT COORDINATORS Mr. Vimal Patel M.Pharm Sem -III Mr. Riddhesh Jivawala B.Pharm Sem -VII Ms. Puja Patel B.Pharm Sem -VII Ms. Sidi Israt jahan B.Pharm Sem –V

Editor in Chief : Dr. T. M. Aminabhavi

Editor : Dr. M. N. Noolvi

Associate Editor : Dr. V. C. Jain

Editorial Board Members: Dr. G.B. Sonara

: Dr. N.K. Gheewala

Editor in Chief : Dr. T. M. Aminabhavi

Editor : Dr. M. N. Noolvi

Associate Editor : Dr. V. C. Jain

Editorial Board Members: Dr. G.B. Sonara

: Dr. N.K. Gheewala


Student Orientation Program -2015


Prize Distribution Ceremony-2015

Date: 25/07/2015


Prize Distribution Ceremony-2015


Independence day celebration-2015

2015


69th Independence Day Celebration

Health Awareness & Swachh Bharat Abhiyan Rally

Independence Day Celebration-2015

2015

WISH YOU HAPPY INDEPENDENCE DAY


Name of Events: Sadbhavana Day Celebration:

Date & Time: 20 AUGUEST 2015, Thursday

Name of Coordinator:-

Dr. Gautam B.Sonara Mr. Samaresh pal Roy Prof. Sagar Patel

Events initiated by: Dr.M.N.Noolvi

Sadbhavana Day Pledge by: Mr. Anand Deshmukh

Sadbhavna Day Pledge participated members : 181

Sadbhavna Day Pledge

Sadbhavna Day Celebration-2015

Date : 20/08/2015


Motivational Lecture -2015

Dr. Anil Dhameliya Date : 01/09/2015


Janmashtami Celebration-2015

Date : 05/09/2015


Ganesh Utsav-2015

Date : 17/09/2015


Fresher Day Celebration-2015

Date : 19/09/2015


Parents Meeting-2015

Date : 28/09/2015


Overview on Nanotechnology

Dr. Nirav Gheewala Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology,

Shree Dhanvantary Pharmacy College, Kim, Surat. E-mail:[email protected]

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- NANOTECHNOLOGY :

Nanotechnology is the use of tiny structures – less

than 1,000 nanometres across – that are designed

to have specific properties. Nanotechnology is an

emerging field in science that is used in a wide

range of applications, from consumer goods to

health products like, nanoparticles , nanomedicine ,

nanorobotics , nanostructure , etc.

STUDY OF NANOTECHNOLOGY :

Dr.Omid Farokhzad and Dr.Stephen Lippard

conducted the study as researchers , to examine

nanoparticle drug delivery system in

chemotherapy in living animals for effective and

safer option. The research work is published in

January , 2011 issue of the journal, in proceeding

the National Acaddemy of Science, the study was

funded in part by NIH’S Natinal Cancer Institute

(NCI) and National Institute for Biomedical Imaging

Bioengineering(NIBIB).

Researchers found that at low dose of prodrug of

cisplatin was able to produce shrink tumor in mice

by applying nanotechnology to reduce harmful side

effects.Initialy they studied different doses of

nanoparticle bound drug in rat and mice, it was

found that both the animal are not affected by high

dose of drug and even in rat kidney damage was

found less affected by nanoparticle bound drug.

By these research it was found that binding

nanoparticle having the greater stability and

bioavailability in blood stream than unbound or by

other route.

CANCER NANOTECHNOLOGY AND

IMMUNOLOGY:

The study helping to enhance imaginig

nanomedicine, anti-cancer immunotherapies and

technologies to advance cancer research and

improve the treatment for patient who have the

cancer.

Faculty Article


By this therapy we can study , redarding

identification of novel mediators which

regulate the inhibition and progression of

brain micrometastasis.

Different types of cancer which include:

1.Malignant primary brain tumor (

astrocytoma & glioblastoma multiforme)

2.Breast cancer and melanoma

CANCER DETECTION AND TRETMENT BY

NANOTECHNOLOGY :

Now a days detection of cancer is key to

increasing patitent’s survival rate. These

diagnostics require highly sensitive, highly precise

analytical devices. Trials based on nanomaterials

are promising.

Nanoparticles which can selectively recognize

cancerous cells and nanosensors that can detect

abnormally low amounts of molecules in biological

fluids to reveal the existence of malign tumors and

other diseases have already been developed.

Clinical trials have also been carried out with

nanoparticles for controlled drug delivery at the

specific point of therapeutic interest. With this

procedure, scientists hope to specifically treat the

area with the problem and not affect healthy areas,

like what happens with current chemotherapy.

NANOPARTICLES :

Gold nanoparticles are a popular choice for medical

research, diagnostic testing and cancer treatment,

but for development, number of nanoparticles are

used. Bill Hammack, a professor of chemical

engineering at the University of Illinois, warned

that nanoparticles are “technologically sweet”.

Cancer Chemotherapy Using

Nanoparticles developed with

Nanotechnology May Reduce Harmful Side

Effects of Antineoplastic Agents.

NANOROBOTICS :

A mechanical white blood cell attacks

bacteria. The bacteria cannot develop

immunity to mechanical devices as it would

towards a drug.

Nanotechnology, perhaps, has been most

popularly recognized for its applications in

robotics. Nano-robotics, although having

many applications in other areas such as

particle manipulation and, has the most

useful and variety of uses in medical fields.

Drugs have been shown to be effective

during treatment and so has surgery.

Nanorobots, once fully developed, will be

more effective than drugs. This is because

nanorobots can always be present in the

body, fighting off pathogens such as viruses

and tumors. Nanorobots will not require any

additional treatment and will become

relatively cheap after development.

Other application of nanorobots are as

follows:To cure skin diseases, a cream

containing nanorobots may be used. This

cream would remove the right amounts of

dead skin cells, remove excess oils which


may cause oily skin, insert missing oils,

apply the specifically right amounts of

Mouthwash full of water and

smart nanorobots could identify and

destroy pathogenic bacteria, particles of

food, plaque, or tartar, while allowing the

harmless flora of the mouth to flourish.

Device work on bloodsream : Various

nano-devices could restore the strength of

the arteries and veins. With such

applications, many heart attacks would be

prevented.

NANOSTRUCTURE:

DNA Tetrahedron (artificially design

nanostructure of DNA) This DNA tetrahedron is

an artificially designed nanostructure of the type

made in the field of DNA nanotechnology. Each

edge of the tetrahedron is a 20 base pair

DNA double helix, and each vertex is a three-arm

junction.

APPLICATION OF NANOTECHNOLOGY:

Nanotechnology have a lots of application in all

department of science world. Here, are the

application of nanotechnology regarding health

science , which includes :

1. Nanomagnets clean blood:

Nanoparticles latch onto toxins in blood but are

magnetically trapped before they can enter the

body.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nucleic_acid_design

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNA_nanotechnology

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nucleic_acid_double_helix

http://newdrugapprovals.org/2013/07/26/nanomagnets-clean-blood/


The group used their extracorporeal circuit to

remove lead and the drug digoxin from the blood of

rats. Target compounds in blood adhered to the

nanoparticles as they collided within the circuit.

The nanoparticles were then collected by magnetic

separation with the toxin immobilised on the

particle surface before blood could re-enter the

body. From these way blood can clean by using

nanotechnology.

2. Cleaning cadmium from blood :

The nanocomposite binds to cadmium ions in the

blood and a magnet is used to attract the resulting

complex for removal from the blood.

3.Application of Pharmaceutical

nanotechnology :

Targeting of the drug to a particular tissue,

to, enhancing absorption of a drug

molecule in aparticulare tissue.

To reduce degradation of a drug and

enhance bioavailability and reduce

unwanted toxic effect.

Increasing the microbial stability of the

drug.

In cosmetics zinc oxide nanoparticles are

used to increase its antimicrobial

properties , and titanium dioxide nano

particles effectively block UV rays in both

cases concentrations required are very low

compared to conventional use.

For increasing the absorption of a drug

molecules nanoemulsion is used.

4. Nanocrystal used for produced UV visible

light:

Device transfers energy from nano-thin layers

of quantum wells to nanocrystals above them,

causing the nanocrystals to emit visible light.

5. Application of nanotechnology in cancer

therapy:

Cancer chemotherapy by nanoparticles is

used to reduce the side effect / adverse

effect of chemotherapeutic agents.

By using these treatment , it can also reduce

the toxic effect of other drug molecules.

Nanorobotics are also help in chemotherapy

,it has one great importance that the

pathogens could not attact on it.

By using prodrug ( active after

administration ) and nanomedicine cancer

treatment can be done with nanotechnology.

6.Application of nanomedicine :

The application of nanotechnology in medical

science and human healthcare exploits new

properties of nanomaterials and nanostructures

has potential to enable early detection and

prevention of disease , and improve diagnosis and

treatment.

Transdermal drug delivery

system(TDDS) new requirements for

quality and for regulatory submissions :

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum_well

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nanocrystal


US FDA provides new guidelines for transdermal

drug delivery system:

Initial drug load concentration has potential

impact on safety and efficacy of product.

Advantages of transdermal drug delivery

system (TDDS) :

- Drug can be administered without

pain to patient .

- Constant plasma drug concentration

can be easily achieved.

- Some critical drugs which are known

to save life are also administered as

transdermal patches.

Disadvantages of transdermal drug delivery

system(TDDS):

- Accidental high dose of drug up on

accidental sticking or handling or

accidental contact with skin which

has lead individual serious and to

fatal condition.

Important factor :

- Concentration of drug that is

required in TDDS is high than

conventional dose.

Reference:

1. Paciotti GF, Myer L, Weinreich D. Colloidal gold: a novel nanoparticle vector for tumor directed drug

delivery. Drug Deliv. 11: 169–183 (2004).

2. Kircher, M. F., Mahmood, U., King, R. S., Weissleder, R. and Josephson, L. A multimodal nanoparticle

for preoperative magnetic resonance imaging and intraoperative optical brain tumor delineation.

Cancer Res. 63: 8122–8125 (2003).

3. F. H. Sarkar, S. Banerjee and Y. W. Li. Pancreatic cancer: pathogenesis, prevention and treatment.

Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology 224: 326–336 (2007).

4. G. Requicha, “Nanorobots, NEMS and Nanoassembly”, Proc. IEEE, Vol. 91, No. 11, pp. 1922-1933,

November 2003.

DENGUE FEVER: A CURRENT MENACE

Zoya Shaikh* Department Of Pharmacology

Shree Dhanvantary Pharmacy College, Kim, Surat. E-mail:- [email protected]

INTRODUCTION

Dengue fever, also known as breakbone fever,

is a mosquito-bornetropical disease caused by

the dengue virus. Dengue (pronounced DENG-

gay) can affect anyone but tends to be more

severe in people with compromised immune

systems. Because it is caused by one of five

serotypes the dengue virus, it is possible to get

dengue fever multiple times. However, an

attack of dengue produces immunity for a

lifetime to that particular viral serotype to

which the patient was exposed.When a

mosquito carrying dengue virus bites a person,

the virus enters the skin together with the

mosquito's saliva. It binds to and enters white

blood cells, and reproduces inside the cells

while they move throughout the body. The

white blood cells respond by producing a

number of signaling proteins, such as

cytokines and interferons, which are

responsible for many of the symptoms, such as

the fever, the flu-like symptoms and the severe

pains. In severe infection, the virus production

inside the body is greatly increased, and many

more organs (such as the liver and the bone

marrow) can be affected. Fluid from the

bloodstream leaks through the wall of small

blood vessels into body cavities due to

capillary permeability. As a result, less blood

circulates in the blood vessels, and the blood

pressure becomes so low that it cannot supply

sufficient blood to vital organs. Furthermore,

dysfunction of the bone marrow due to

infection of the stromal cells leads to reduced

numbers of platelets, which are necessary for

effective blood clotting; this increases the risk

of bleeding, the other major complication of dengue fever.

EPIDEMIOLOGY Dengue is prevalent throughout the tropics and

subtropics. Outbreaks have occurred recently

in the Caribbean, including Puerto Rico, the

U.S. Virgin Islands, Cuba, and Central

America. Cases have also been imported via

tourists returning from areas with widespread

dengue, including Tahiti, Singapore, the South

Pacific, including the Philippines, Southeast

Asia, the West Indies, India, and the Middle

East (similar in distribution to the areas of the

world that harbormalaria and yellow fever).

Dengue is now the leading cause of acute

febrile illness in U.S. travelers returning from

theCaribbean, South America, and Asia.

PG student Article

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mosquito-borne_disease

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mosquito-borne_disease

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dengue_virus

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/White_blood_cell



https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cytokines

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interferons

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liver

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bone_marrow



https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capillary_permeability

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stromal_cell

http://www.medicinenet.com/malaria_facts/article.htm

http://www.medicinenet.com/yellow_fever/article.htm

CAUSES

Dengue virus is primarily transmitted by

Aedes mosquitoes particularly. They typically

bite during the day particularly in the early

morning and in the evening. Other

Aedes species that transmit the disease

include humans as primary

host. An infection can be acquired with a

single bite. A mosquito gets infected from a

person infected with dengue fever and gets

infected with the virus. The wild aedes aegypti

bites virus infected person it ingests blood

with dengue virus and gets infected within 8-

10 days. This infected mosquito bites another

person and gets dengue in 4-13 days. It can’t

be spread directly from one person to another

person.

SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS After infection with the yellow fever virus,

many individuals will experience no clinically

apparent manifestations of the disease

(asymptomatic), while others will go on to

develop a mild, self-limiting flu-like illness

characterized by the following symptoms and

signs

TREATMENT

Intravenous fluid administration for

dehydration,

Medications to increase blood pressure

in cases of circulatory collapse,

Transfusion of blood products in cases

of severe bleeding,

Antibiotics for secondary bacterial

infections

Fig 1: Epidemiology of dengue in India

http://www.medicinenet.com/influenza/article.htm

http://www.medicinenet.com/dehydration/article.htm

http://www.medicinenet.com/image-collection/blood_pressure_picture/picture.htm

http://www.medicinenet.com/heart_disease_pictures_slideshow_visual_guide/article.htm

http://www.medicinenet.com/bacterial_infections_101_pictures_slideshow/article.htm



Ventilation in cases of respiratory failure

Endotracheal intubation (placement of a breathing tube) and mechanical antibiotics for

secondary

Acetaminophen (Tylenol, others) can alleviate pain and reduce fever.

Acetylsalicylic acid (Aspirin) and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) should be

avoided because of the increased risk of bleeding.

HOME REMEDIES

REFERENCE 1. Busowski, Mary T., M.R. Wallace, and J.L. Robertson. "Yellow Fever." eMedicine.com. April, 17,

2009.

2. Nichols, Emily M., and AleksandrGleyzer. "Yellow Fever." eMedicine.com. June, 23, 2010.

3. Switzerland. World Health Organization. "Media Centre: Yellow Fever." Mar. 2010

http://www.medicinenet.com/endotracheal_intubation/article.htm

http://www.medicinenet.com/endotracheal_intubation/article.htm

http://www.medicinenet.com/acetylsalicylic_acid/article.htm

http://www.medicinenet.com/acetylsalicylic_acid/article.htm

http://www.medicinenet.com/drugs_what_you_should_know_about_your_drugs/article.htm

http://www.medicinenet.com/nonsteroidal_antiinflammatory_drugs/article.htm

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