short range air defenc systems

8/13/2019 Short Range Air Defenc Systems

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*short range air defenc systems


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PRESENTED BY

NAME : SIBA PRASAD PRADHANSIC NO. : ET103350

REGD N0. : 1001209328

SEMIN R PRESENT TION ON

NTERCEPTOR MISSILENDIR DEFENCE SYSTEMS


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CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION

HOW DOES IT WORKS?

ELEMENTS OF MISSILE DEFENCE

PHASES OF INTERCEPTIONBOOST PHASE INTERCEPT

MID-COURSE INTERCEPT

TERMINAL PHASE INTERCEPT

PROBABILISTIC ANALYSIS

CONCLUSION

REFERENCES


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Interceptor misssile is an anti-ballistic designed to counter the

ballistic missiles like intermediate range and intercontinental ballistic

missiles(more then 10,000 km) .

Interceptors may or maynot carry warhead aims at destroying target

with impact of collison.

United States(Patriot and THAAD), Russia, France, India(PAD &

AAD) and Israel(Arrow and Iron Dome) have all developed missile

defence systems.

Interceptor operates in 3 to 8 mach speed with range 80 to 500 km.

Interceptors can be launched from air , sea or land depending on

phase it is in.

INTRODUCTION


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HOW DOES IT WORKS ?


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ELEMENTS OF MISSILLE DEFENCE

Upgraded Early-warning Radar (UEWR)

X-band/Ground-based Radar(XBR)

This is a phased-array surveillance radarthat can

detect and track ballistic missiles.UEWRs will be used to

detect and track missiles and other projectiles during

their midcourse phase, before cueing the more precise X-

Band Radar. Operate in the VHF/UHF range (typically

400 MHz).

This consists of a multi-function phased array radarthat uses

high frequency (typically 8-12 ghz).The XBR will discriminate

decoys and warheads.The high-resolution accurately discriminatebetween closely spaced objects. XBR radar has a 50-degree field

of view and can rotate 360 degrees to track targets. It will

transmit a radiation pattern in a narrow beam made up of

electromagnetic pulses. The radar site consists of the X-band

radar mounted on a pedestal, a control and maintenance facility,

a power generation facility and a 492-foot (150-m) protected

area. The XBR site will cover 17.46 acres.


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7

Space-based Infrared System(SBIRS)

There are three kinds of SBIRS satellites, including

four geostationary earth orbit(GEO) satellites,

twohighly elliptical orbit(HEO) satellites and an

unspecified number of low earth orbit(LEO) satellites.Eventually, there will be a 24-satellite constellation that

will start tracking enemy missiles earlier than radar,

allowing for quicker response

Ground-based Interceptors(GBIs)

The Ground-Based Interceptor (GBI) is a component

of the Ground-Based Midcourse Defense (GMD)

System. It is launched from a silo and interceptsballistic missiles in their midcourse, while they are

outside of the atmosphere and at their highest

trajectory. The GBI consists of a multi-stage rocket

booster (BVBoost Vehicle) and a kinetic kill

vehicle (EKVExoatmospheric Kill Vehicle),


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Defense Support Program satellites (DSP) gives the information

about the launch site through IR sensors.

Small homing Interceptors command over radio is used to intercept

the target point.

Ground Based Interceptors(GBI) follows heat signatures comingfrom the target booster flame.

Interceptors follow blind reckoning in this phase.

Air Borne Laser (ABL) in order to weaken or melt the structure on a

missile during boost phase.

BOOST PHASE INTERCEPT


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MID COURSE INTERCEPTPhase can last 20 minutes and provide good window for interception.

Utilizes an Exo-atmospheric Kill Vehicle (EKV) to destroy the incoming targetusing hit-to-kill technology.

Defense Support Program (DSP) satellites;

Space Based Infrared System-High (SBIRS-High)

satellites; the Space Tracking and Surveillance

System (STSS); Upgraded Early Warning Radars

(UEWRs); a Battle Management, Command,

Control and Communications (BMC3) unit; the Sea-Based X-Band Radar (SBX);

and Ground-Based Interceptor (GBI) missiles work together for providing complete

Interception.

Range is detected using radar equations.

E_s = E_o \sigma/R^2 d\Omega (transmitted energy)

E_r = E_s A/4\pi R^2 = E_o A^2 \sigma/(4\pi R^4 \lambda^2)=NkT

(received energy)


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TERMINAL PHASE INTERCEPT

ICBM warheads are highly visible to radar and to optical sensors, because of the very

hot "wake" produced by the Mach-23 RV as it enters the atmosphere.

Decoys and light chaff are no longer effective against sensors, because they will be

retarded or destroyed on reentry.

Interceptors must be of high speed compared to the RVs .

Multiple Interceptors are used in this phase as it is necessary to hit the target.

Radars must be more closely spaced to see RVs down to altitudes of reentry, and

interceptors cannot drive out hundreds or thousands of km through the atmosphere.


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PROBABILISTIC ANALYSIS

Probability thatdefense will destroy all targets (a leak-proof defense) can be represented by the

following equation

P = Probability of leak-proof defense

p = Probability that interceptor will hit target8

n = Number of interceptors fired at each target

N = Number of targets

One can use this equation in order

P = (1-(1-p)^n)^N


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CONCLUSION

Deploying of interceptors adds a big leap towards a countries defense.

Its brings in cost reduction in Defense purchase and development.

Countermeasures provides high security against any nuclear war.

For countries under NPT (like India) missile defence technology provides greater scopeof defence against any nuclear warhead.

The field of ballistic missile defense is full of fascinating problems of physics and

engineering


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REFERENCES

1- General Accounting Office, Theater Missile Defense: Significant TechnicalChallenges Face the Airborne Laser Program, GAO/NSIAD-98-37, (Washington D.C.,

U.S. General Accounting Office, October 1997.

2- S. Weiner,"Systems and Technology" in "Ballistic Missile Defense", A.B. Carter and

D.N. Schwartz, Eds. (The Brookings Institution, 1984). This volume is an accessible

compilation of technical and strategic aspects of BMD.

3- Bethe, H.A. and Garwin, R.L. "Anti-Ballistic-Missile Systems," Scientific American

218, 3, pp. 21-31, March 1968.

4- G.E. Forden, IEEE SPECTRUM, Sept. 1997, "The Airborne Laser", pp. 40-49.

5- IEEE SPECTRUM, September 1997, "Ballistic Missile Defense: It's Back", with 5

articles on BMD. Also J. Pike, "Ballistic Missile Defense: Is the U.S. 'Rushing to

Failure?', Arms Control Today, April 1998, Vol. 28, No. 3, p.9-13. (Available at

http://www.armscontrol.org/ACT/april98/pikap98.htm)
http://www.armscontrol.org/ACT/april98/pikap98.htmhttp://www.armscontrol.org/ACT/april98/pikap98.htm


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short range air defenc systems

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