Shorts Notes

Community radio Community radio stations are community owned and operated entities that

serve either localized geographic communities or communities of interest, such as minorities, religious groups and universities.

Community radio is unique because the stations are run by the communities themselves. They are owned and managed by the people they serve. The management is usually a small team of paid staff with the programming conducted by volunteers.

Unlike commercial stations, community stations are not allowed to run for profit. They must be established as voluntary associations, not-for-profits or trusts. The station’s constitution must say that any profit will be channeled into further developing the station.To ensure the stations are not run for profit they are usually subject to strict advertising controls. Commonly the regulator stipulates that advertising content ought to be capped to allow, for example, a maximum of five minutes per hour of programming.

Royalty Royalties (sometimes, running royalties, or private sector

taxes) are usage-based payments made by one party (the "licensee") to another (the "licensor") for the right to ongoing use of an asset, sometimes an intellectual property (IP).

Royalties are typically agreed upon as a percentage of gross or net revenues derived from the use of an asset or a fixed price per unit sold of an item of such, but there are also other modes and metrics of compensation.

A royalty interest is the right to collect a stream of future royalty payments, often used in the oil and music industries to describe a percentage ownership of future production or revenues from a given leasehold, which may be divested from the original owner of the asset.

PodcastA podcast is a type of digital media consisting of

an episodic series of audio, video, PDF, files subscribed to and downloaded through web syndication or streamed online to a computer or mobile device

HD RadioHD Radio, which originally stood for "Hybrid

Digital", is the trademark for iBiquity's in-band on-channel (IBOC) digital radio technology used by AM and FM radio stations to transmit audio and data via a digital signal in conjunction with their analog signals.

Satellite Radio Satellite radio is an analogue or digital radio signal that is relayed through

one or more satellites and thus can be received in a much wider geographical area than terrestrial FM radio stations.

While in Europe many primarily-FM radio stations provide an additional unencrypted satellite feed, there are also subscription based digital packages of numerous channels that do not broadcast terrestrially, notably in the US.

In Europe, FM radio is used by many suppliers that use a network of several local FM repeaters to broadcast a single programed to a large area, usually a whole nation. Many of those have an additional satellite signal that can be heard in many parts of the continent. In contrast, US terrestrial stations are always local and each of them has a unique programed, albeit they are sometimes interconnected for syndicated contents; but each local station still carries its own commercial and news breaks even then. This means that a national distribution of the contents of original terrestrial stations via satellite makes no real sense in the US, wherefore satellite radio is used in a different way there.

Internet Radio Internet radio (also web radio, net radio, streaming radio, e-radio

webcasting) is an audio service transmitted via the Internet. Music streaming on the Internet is usually referred to as webcasting since it is not transmitted broadly through wireless means.

Internet radio involves streaming media, presenting listeners with a continuous stream of audio that cannot be paused or replayed, much like traditional broadcast media; in this respect, it is distinct from on-demand file serving. Internet radio is also distinct from podcasting, which involves downloading rather than streaming. Many Internet radio services are associated with a corresponding traditional (terrestrial) radio station or radio network. Internet-only radio stations are independent of such associations.

Internet radio services are usually accessible from anywhere in the world—for example, one could listen to an Australian station from Europe or America

Reach and Frequency Reach (Coverage)

Percentage of our target universe that was exposed at least once to an advertising schedule. Usually measured over 1 or 4 week period

 

Frequency:n (also called Average Frequency or OTS)

The average number of times that each person is exposed to a brand’s advertising campaign or schedule. In the Frequency calculation we only consider the people reached by the ad.

Example:

Average Frequency of 4.0 means that, as an average, every person reached has seen the commercial 4 times. This is an average, which means that some people will have seen the commercial more times, and some less. The average gives us a general idea of the campaign frequency performance.