1

SFS, GURUKUL MARG, MANSAROVAR, JAIPUR

COURSES OF STUDY

AND

RELATED INFORMATION

ON

M.Phil. CHEMISTRY EXAMINATION

I Semester Examination November 2009

II Semester Examination April 2010

Syllabus applicable for the students seeking admission to the M.Phil. Chemistry Course in the

academic year 2009-10.

2

SFS, GURUKUL MARG, MANSAROVAR, JAIPUR

S.No. Contents Page No.

1. Credit Template & Outlines of the Syllabi 3-5

2. Scheme of Examination 6-8

3. Syllabus 9-38

3

SFS, GURUKUL MARG, MANSAROVAR, JAIPUR

CREDIT TEMPLATE

AND

OUTLINES OF THE SYLLABI

FOR

M.Phil.

CHEMISTRY EXAMINATION

4

Department of Chemistry M.Phil. Chemistry

Semester I Contact Hours

Paper Code

Paper Title

Type of paper (Theory, Practical, Project, Seminar)

Per Semester

Per Week

Credits Max. Marks

Min. Marks

L* T* P*

CHY 141 Advanced Inorganic Chemistry

Theory 90 4 2 - 6 100 50

CHY 142 Advanced Organic Chemistry

Theory 90 4 2 - 6 100 50

CHY 143 Advanced Physical Chemistry

Theory 90 4 2 - 6 100 50

CHY 144 Communication Skills Practical 45 3 - - 3 100 50

CHY 145 Advanced Laboratory Techniques

Practical 135 3 - 6 6 100 50

CHY 146 Dissertation: Literature Survey and Synopsis Presentation

Practical 120 8 8 100 50

Total Credits for I Semester I 36

Semester II

Contact Hours

Paper Code

Paper Title

Type of paper (Theory, Practical, Project, Seminar)

Per Semester

Per Week

Credits Max. Marks

Min. Marks

L* T* P*

CHY 241

Theory 45 2 1 - 3 100 50

CHY 242

Four Groups with three electives each are given below from which students can choose any group with two electives of their choice

Theory 45 2 1 - 3 100 50

CHY 243 Dissertation Practical

450 - - 30 30 100 50

Total Credits for II Semester 36

* L – Lectures, T-Teaching Exposure, P-Practical

5

Elective Courses The following alternative groups of elective papers are available – Group A: Elective paper-I CHY 241-A Polymer Chemistry Elective paper-II CHY 242-A Environmental Chemistry Elective paper-III CHY 243-A Computational Chemistry/

Biomolecules & Bio-organic Chemistry Group B: Elective paper-I CHY 241-B Inorganic Materials Elective paper-II CHY 242-B Bio-inorganic Chemistry Elective paper-III CHY 243-B Nuclear and Radiation Chemistry Group C:

Elective paper-I CHY 241-C Heterocyclic and Medicinal Chemistry Elective paper-II CHY 242-C Organic Synthesis and Chemistry of Natural Products Elective paper-III CHY 243-C Biomolecules & Bio-organic Chemistry Group D:

Elective paper-I CHY 241-D Solid State and Supramolecular Chemistry

Elective paper-II CHY 242-D Biophysical & Corrosion Chemistry

Elective paper-III CHY 243-D Physical Organic Chemistry * The group with three electives will be offered subject to a minimum of 10 students in it.

6

SFS, GURUKUL MARG, MANSAROVAR, JAIPUR

SCHEME OF EXAMINATION

FOR

M.Phil. CHEMISTRY EXAMINATION

I Semester Examination November 2009

II Semester Examination April 2010

7

INTERNATIONAL COLLEGE FOR GIRLS

M.Phil. Chemistry

Scheme of Examination

Semester Paper code Credits

Time

duratio

n per

week

Maxim

um

Marks

Minimu

m

Marks

Continuous

Assessment

(30 %)

Semester End

Exam (70 %)

I

CHY – 141

CHY – 142

CHY – 143

CHY – 144

CHY – 145

CHY – 146

6

6

6

3

6

8

6

6

6

3

9

8

100

100

100

100

100

100

50

50

50

50

50

50

30

30

30

30

30

30

70

70

70

70

70

70

II CHY – 241

CHY – 242

CHY – 243

3

3

30

3

3

30

100

100

100

50

50

50

30

30

30

70

70

70

Scheme of Evaluation for Continuous Assessment

(Theory)

Test

Quiz

Teacher

Interaction Attendance Total

15 mks 5 mks 5 mks 5 mks 30 mks

Scheme of Evaluation for Continuous Assessment

(Practical)

Test Practical Record Viva Voce Attendance Total

10 mks 10 mks 5 mks 5 mks 30 mks

8

PATTERN OF CONTINUOUS ASSESSMENT TEST( THEORY)

The maximum marks for each paper will be 15. The pattern of the question paper is as follows:

There will be three sections A,B and C

Section A: will contain five objective type questions of one mark each. Atleast two questions from

each unit should be taken. All questions will be compulsory.

Section B: will contain in all four questions. Two questions ( with internal choice) should be set

from each unit. The students are required to answer two questions in all taking one question from

each unit. Each question will be of two marks.

Section C: will contain two questions in all, taking one question from each unit. The students are

required to answer any one question in about 300-400 words. Each question will carry six marks.

The duration of the test is 45 minutes.

PATTERN OF SEMESTER END EXAM (THEORY)

Question Paper will consists of three sections A, B & C

Section A – will contain 16 objective type questions of one mark each. Atleast three question from

each unit should be taken. All questions will be compulsory.

Section B – will contain 15 questions, taking three questions from each unit. Attempt any ten

questions of three marks each.

Section C - will contain 5 questions, taking one question from each unit. Attempt any three

questions of eight marks each.

9

SFS, GURUKUL MARG, MANSAROVAR, JAIPUR

COURSES OF STUDY

FOR

M.Phil. CHEMISTRY EXAMINATION

I Semester Examination November 2009

II Semester Examination April 2010

Syllabus applicable for the students seeking admission to the M.Phil. Chemistry Course in the

academic year 2009-10.

10

Semester I

Paper I CHY- 141 Advanced Inorganic Chemistry 60 Hrs (L) + 30 hrs (T)

4 hrs/week(L) + 2 hrs/week(T)

Objective: To learn the importance of coordination chemistry in present scenario. Also to learn basics of

photochemistry and X-ray methods as applicable in inorganic chemistry.

I Structure and Mechanisms in Coordination Compounds 12 Hrs (L)+6hrs(T)

Pre requisite: Mechanism of substitution in octahedral complexes

Synthesis of coordination compounds, compounds of first transition series elements with

respect to their electronic spectra, magnetic & thermal properties (DTA, TGA)

Stereo chemical aspects of substitution reaction of Octahedral Complexes-

Stereochemical changes in dissociation (SN2) and displacement (SN2) mechanism

through various geometries of coordination compounds. Isomerization and racemization

reactions in octahedral complexes.

II Organometallic Compounds 12 hrs(L)+6hrs(T)

Stereochemical aspects in organometallic compounds, carboranes and metallocarboranes,

Cluster chemistry, bimetallic and cluster complexes, structure and applications in catalysis.

Electron transfer properties of metal complexes. Molecular recognition. Asymmetric

catalysis.

III Role of Metal Ions in Biology 12 hrs(L)+6hrs(T)

Proteins and enzymes of Mn, Fe, Co, Cu, Zn and Mo. Structural and functional models.

Transport and storage of metal ions.

IV Photochemistry 12 hrs(L)+6hrs(T)

Characteristics of the electronically excited states of inorganic compounds.

Photoelectochemistry of excicted state redox reactions. Photosensitization. Photochemical

reactions, substitution, decomposition and fragmentation, rearrangement, and redox

reactions.

V X-ray Methods 12 Hrs(L)+6hrs(T)

Fundamentals of x-ray diffraction, theory of x-ray diffraction, diffraction of x-rays by

crystals, determination of crystal structure (powder as well as single crystals),

instrumentation, determination of lattice parameters, production of X-ray spectra, X-ray

absorption methods, X-ray fluorescence methods, auger emission spectroscopy (AES),

electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis (ESCA) ,x-ray intensity calculations and

application of x-rays

11

Text/References: 1. Advanced Inorganic Chemistry, VI Ed., F.A. Cotton, G. Wilkinson, C.A. Murillo and M.

Bochmann, Wiley Eastern/John Wiley, 1999.

2. Concise Inorganic Chemistry, IV Ed., J.D. Lee, ELBS, 1991.

3. Inorganic Chemistry; III Edition; D.F. Shriver and P.W. Atkins; Oxford University Press,

New York, 1999.

4. Modern Spectroscopy; Third edition; J.N. Hollas, John Willey and Sons, India 1996.

5. Fundamentals of Photochemistry First edition; K.K. Rohatagi – Mukherjee; New Age

International Publishers Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi 2005.

6. Principles of Bioinorganic Chemistry, S.J. Lippard & J.M.Berg, University Science Books,

Mill Valley, 1994.

7. Bioinorganic Chemistry, I. Bertini, H.B. Gray, S.J. Lippard and J.S. Valentime, University

Science Books, Mill Valley, 1994.

8. Elements of Inorganic Photochemistry; G.J. Ferraudi John Willey and Sons USA, 1988.

9. Solid State Chemistry, I Ed.; D.K. Chakrabarty; New Age International Publishers, New

Delhi, 2005.

10. Principles of Solid State, I Ed.; H.V. Keer; New Age International Publishers, New Delhi,

2002.

12

Semester I

Paper II CHY- 142 Advanced Organic Chemistry 60 Hrs (L) + 30 hrs (T)

4 hrs/week(L) + 2 hrs/week(T)

Objective: To learn the advancements in the field of mechanistic organic chemistry.

I Basic Description of Organic Reaction Mechanism 16 hrs(L)+4hrs(T)

Classification and investigation of reaction mechanisms, basic mechanistic concepts

(kinetic vs thermodynamic control Hammond’s postulate, Curtin-Hammett principle)

structural effects on reactivity (Linear Free Energy Relationship, Hammett equation

substituent constant, theories of substituent effect, interpretation of σ values, reaction

constant, deviations from Hammett equation, Dual parameter, correlations, inductive

substituent constant, the Taft model, σl and σR.

II Organic reactivity and mechanisms 16 hrs(L)+10hrs(T)

Prerequisite – general mechanism of electrophilic and nucleophilic substitution reactions

structural and electronics effects on SN1 and SN2 reactivity, solvent effects, kinetic isotopes

effects, electron transfer nature of SN2 reaction, intra molecular assistance, SRN1

mechanism.

Neighboring group participation and free radical rearrangements, mechanism at an

aromatic substrate. Basics of pericyclic reactions.

Nucleophilic and Electrophilic reactivity : Nuclephilicity and SN2 reactivity based on curve

crossing model, electrophilic reactivity, kinetics of SE2-Ar reaction, structural effects on

rates and selectivity, curve crossing approach to electrophilic reactivity.

Radical and Pericyclic reactivity : Reactivity for aliphatic aromatic substrate at bridgehead

carbon atom, reactivity of attacking radical, effect of solvent, regioselectivity in radical

reactions. Problems based on pericyclic reactions.

III Disconnection approach and Protecting Groups 10 hrs(L)+8hrs(T) An introduction to Synthons and synthetic equivalents, disconnection approach,

functional group interconversions. One group C-X and two group disconnections in 1,2,1,3

-,1,4-& 1,5- difunctional compounds , Retro- synthesis of alkene, acetylenes, aliphatic

nitro, alcohols, carbonyl compounds and amines, the importance of the order of events in

organic synthesis, chemoselectivity, regioselectivity. Diels Alder reaction, Michael

addition and Robinson annulation. Retro- synthesis of aromatic Heterocycles and 3, 4, 5

and 6 membered carbocyclic and heterocyclic rings. Reversal of polarity (Umpolung).

Self Study: Protecting Groups: Principle of protection of alcohol, amine, carbonyl and

carboxyl groups including photoprotection and deprotection

IV Synthetic reagents and reactions 8 hrs(L)+4hrs(T)

Complex metal hydrides, lithium dialkyl cuprate, lithium diisopropylamide

(LDA), dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC), trimethyl silyl iodide, tributyltin hydride,

peracids, lead tetra acetate, PPA, diazomethane, ozone phase transfer catalyst,

13

woodward-prevost hydroxylation, Barton and Shapiro reaction, Hoffmann – Loffler-Fretag,

selenium dioxide,crown ethers, DDQ, periodic acid and iodoisobenzyl diacetate.

V Newer methods of stereoselective synthesis 10 hrs(L)+4hrs(T)

Introduction and stereoselective and stereospecific reactions, enantioselective

synthesis (chiral approach), reactions with hydride donors, hydroboration, catalytic

hydrogenation via chiral hydrazones and oxazolines. Sharpless epoxidation. Diels Alder

selective synthesis, use of calculations of optical purity and enantiomeric excess ORD and

CD, Octant rule and axial haloketone rule, determination of configuration.

Text/References: 1. Physical Organic Chemistry; II Edition, Neil Issac; Longman Press, New Delhi; 1998.

2. Designing Organic Synthesis; I Edition; S. Warren; John Wiley and Sons, Great

Britain, 2002.

3. Modern Methods of Organic Synthesis, III Edition; W. Carruthers; Cambridge

University Press; U.K. 1996.

4. Principles of Organic Synthesis; III Edition; R.O.C. Norman and J.M. Coxon; Nelson

Thornes, United Kingdom, 2003.

5. Organic Synthesis- Concepts, Methods and Starting Materials; J. Fuhrhop and

G.Penzillin; Verlage VCH.

6. Advanced Organic Chemistry Part A & B; IV Edition; Francis A. Carey and Richard J.

Sundberg; Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers, New York, 2000.

7. Stereochemistry: Conformation and Mechanism; IV Edition; P.S. Kalsi; New Age

International Publishers Pvt. Ltd, New Delhi, 1999. E.L.

8. Stereochemistry of organic compounds; II Edition, D. Nasipuri: New Age International,

New Delhi; 1993.

9. Advanced Organic Chemistry; IV Edition, Jerry March; Wiley India, New Delhi; 2005.

10. Molecular Reactions and Photochemistry; II Edition, Charles H. DePuy and Orville L.

Chapman; Prentice-Hall of India, New Delhi, 1988.

11. Theory and Physical Principles of Organic Reactivity; A. Pross; John Wiley, 1995

12. Mechanism and Theory in Organic Chemistry; T.H. Lowry and K.H. Richardson;

Harper and Row, 1976.

14

Semester I

Paper III CHY- 143 Advanced Physical Chemistry 60 Hrs (L) + 30 hrs (T)

4 hrs/week(L) + 2 hrs/week(T) Objective To expose the students about some advance topics of physical chemistry.

I Principles of Reactivity 12 hrs(L)+8hrs(T)

Mechanistic significance of entropy, enthalphy and Gibb's free energy. Arrhenius equation.

Transition state theory. Uses of activation parameters, Hammond's postulate, Bell-Evans-

Polanyi Principle. Potential energy surface model. Marcus theory of electron transfer.

Reactivity and selectivity principles.

II Conversion and Storage of Electrochemical Energy 12 hrs(L)+6hrs(T)

Present status of energy consumption

Pollution problem, Direct energy conversion by electrochemical means. Physical

interpretation of the Carnot efficiency factor in electrochemical energy converters.

electrochemical Generators (Fuel Cells) : Hydrogen oxygen cells, Hydrogen Air cell,

Hydrocarbon air cell, Alkane fuel cell, Phosphoric acid fuel cell, direct NaOH fuel cells,

applications of fuel cells.

III Kinetics of Electrode Process 12 hrs(L)+8hrs(T)

Essentials of Electrode reaction. Current Density, Overpotential, Tafel Equation, Butler

Volmer equation. Standard rate constant (KO) and Transfer coefficient (a), Exchange

Current.

IV Corrosion 12 hrs(L)+4hrs(T)

Theories of corrosion, kinetics of corrosion, evan’s diagram thermodynamics and stability

of metals. Paurbaix diagram forms of corrosion. Corrosion current and corrosion potential

determination of corrosion – weight loss method and electro chemical approach, prevention

of corrosion, modification of materials, corrosion inhibitors, green inhibitors, organic

inhibitors, cathodic and anodic protection, fuller theory passivation

V Potential Sweep Method 12 hrs(L)+4hrs(T)

Linear sweep Voltammetry, Cyclic Voltammetry, stripping voltammetry, theory and

applications. Controlled current microelectrode techniques : bulk electrolysis method

colometry controlled potential and constant colometry, chronopotentiometry, theory and

applications.

Text/References: 1. Physical Organic Chemistry; II Edition; N.S. Isaac, ELBS/Longman

2. Modern Electrochemistry Vol. I, IIA, Vol. IIB J.O.M. Bockris and A.K.N. Reddy, Plenum Publication, New

York,1998.

3. Polarographic Techniques; II Edition; L. Meites, Interscience Publication, 1965.

4. Fuel Cells : Their electrochemistry; McGraw Hill Book Company, New York.

5. Modern Polarographic Methods; A.M. Bond, Marcell Dekker.

6. Polarography and allied techniques; K. Zutshi, New age International publication. New Delhi.

7. Poloragraphic Methods in Analytical Chemistry, M.G. Arora, Anmol Publication Pvt. Ltd, 1996.

8. Electroanalytical Chemistry; Basil H. Vessor & Galen W.; Wiley Interscience.

9. Corrosion Basic and Introduction, Pierrre.R. Roberge , Maceinterneon 2000.

10. Topics in Pure and Applied Chemistry; Ed. S. K. Rangrajan, SAEST Publication, Karaikudi (India).

11. Physical Chemistry; VI Edition; P.W. Atkins; Oxford University Press, 1998.

12. Chemical Kinetics; III Edition; Keith J. Laidler; Pearson Education, 2004.

13. Electrochemistry, Principles, Methods and Applications; Brepp and Brepp.

15

Semester I

Paper IV CHY-144 Communication Skills 45 Hrs (3 hrs/week)

Needs of the Learners: 1. Presentations (Writing and Speaking)

2. Participation in Seminars/Conferences

3. Participation in Group Discussion

4. Writing Reports (for Academic Purposes, on Projects / Experiments, etc.)

5. Teaching.

Language-skills required:

1. Reading

2. Writing

3. Speaking

I Grammar 9 hrs

Conditionals

Relative Clauses

Subject – Verb Agreement

Passive Voice

II Written Communication – I 9 hrs

Discuss a topic of general interest, but related to science in about 300 words.

(Analyse, Comment, Argue, Reflect, Persuade, etc.)

(can also be used for an oral presentation, followed by discussion)

III Written Communication – II 9 hrs

Writing a Report on a project undertaken or an experiment conducted (Theory + Practice)

IV Oral Communication I 9 hrs

(a) Consulting a dictionary for correct pronunciation (familiarity with Phonemic Symbols

and Stress-marks only) (6 hrs)

(b) Making a Presentation (Powerpoint) (3 hrs)

V Oral Communication – II 9 hrs

(a) Group Discussion (6 hrs)

(b) Interviews (3 hrs)

Text/References: 1. Advanced English Usage; Quirk & Greenbaum; Pearson Education.

2. Developing Communication Skills; Banerjee Meera & Mohan Krishna; Macmillan

Publications, 1990.

3. Business Communication; Chaturvedi, P.D.; Pearson Publications.

4. Business Communication; Mathew, M.J.; RBSA Publications, 2005.

5. Communication of Business; Taylor, Shirley; Pearson Publications.

16

Assessment – Pattern

• 30 Marks 10 – Written Test (On Grammar)

10 – Teacher Interaction

10 – Attendance

• 70 Marks 30 –Power- Point Presentation

20 – Group Discussion

20 – Viva-Voce

17

Semester I

Paper V CHY-145 Advance Laboratory Techniques 135 hrs (9 hrs/week)

Objective

To develop lab skills in students for modern instrumentation methods of analysis.

Data Handling 12 hrs

Reliability of analytical data; errors in chemical analysis – classification of errors, accuracy

and precision, determining the accuracy of methods, improving the accuracy of analysis,

statistical analysis, rejection of results and presentation of data.

Experiment 1 : Determine the Flouride concentration in the number of samples of water of

different locations set the data in tabular form calculate (a) the variance (b) the relative

standard deviation in parts per thousand (c) the coefficient of the variance

Sampling

Sampling in analysis – definition, theory and techniques of sampling, statistical criteria of

good sampling, stratified sampling v/s random sampling, minimization of variance in

stratified sampling, transmission and storage of samples.

Experiment 2 : Collect the samples (at least 5) of water of one particular area determine

the percent of phosphate ions and nitrate ions in those samples of water. Calculate the mean

deviations and standard deviations.

Separation Techniques 11hrs

Column chromatography: adsorbents, preparation of column, adsorption, elution,

recovery of substance, factors affecting column efficiency

Thin layer chromatography: general procedure, essential requirements, methods for

production of thin layer on plates, choice of adsorbent and solvent, detecting reagents,

development and detection, preparation of chromatogram.

Exercise 3 : Comparative study of a product obtained from microwave technique and

conventional method. (any two)

1. Acetylation

2. Aldol Condensation

3. Preparation of Schiff’s regent

Reaction monitoring and product purify will be checked by TLC.

Paper Chromatography: principles and techniques, preparation of sample, choice of

paper, location of spots and measurement of Rf value, factors affecting Rf value.

Experiment 4 : Separation, identification and determination Rf values of the following

metal ions in a given mixture (any two)

1. Ni & Mn

2. Cu & Cd

3. Ni, Mn, Co Zn

18

Optical Methods of Analysis

Spectrophotocolorimetry: single beam and double beam spectrophotometers, functions of

the components, Lambert and Beer law, verification, derivation, signification of λmax and

molar absorptivit, determination methods of stability constant – Mole Ratio Method.

Experiment 5 : Spectrophotometric determination of Stability constant of Zirconiom,

Alzarin Red –S complex by mole ratio method.

Experiment 6 : Colorimetric estimation of fluoride ions in the given water sample

Experiment 7 : Determination of amount of Vitamin C in different commercial samples

Flame photometry: principle, flames and flame spectra, flame source, atomisers, photo

sensitive detectors, calibration curve, interferences in flame photometry.

Experiment 8 : Determination of sodium and potassium ions in the given water samples.

Water

Water pollution importance of oxygen for living system causes and effects of ozone

depletion, importance of BOD index.

Experiment 9 : Determination of BOD/COD value of given water samples

Field Visit (one visit to an academic/industrial research centre for its sophisticated instrumental

facilities/R&D work)

Text/References: 1. Thesis and Assignment Writing; J. Anderson, B.H. Dursten and M. Poole; Wiley Eastern,

1977.

2. A Handbook of Methodology of Research; P. Rajammal and P. Devadoss; R.M.M. Vidya

Press, 1976.

3. Instrumental Methods of Analysis; VII Edition; H.H Willard, L.L Merritt, J.A. Dean, F.A

Settle; CBS Publishers and Distribution , New Delhi,1986.

4. Chemical Analysis_-An Instrumental Approach; III Revised Edition ; A.K Srivastava and

P.C jain; S.Chand and Company, New Delhi,1997.

5. Mass Spectrometry-Techniques and Application ; G.W.A Miline; Wiley interscience ,

London.

6. Fundamentals of Analytical Chemistry; VII Edition ;D.A Skoog, D.M Westt and F.J.

Holler; Saunders College Publishing ,Philadelphia ,1991.

7. Vogel’s Text book of Quantitative Chemical Analysis, VI Edition, J. Mendham, R.C

Denny, G.H, Jaffery; Pearson Education, Singapore,2004.

8. Handbook of Instrumental Techniques for Analytical Chemistry; F.Settle; Prentice –Hall,

Inc. United States of America,1997.

9. Basic Concepts of Analytical Chemistry Second Edition; S.M. Khopkar; New Age

International Publisher, New Delhi, 2000.

19

Assessment Pattern

• The duration of the Semester End Examination will be 6 hrs. • Maximum Marks -70 • The distribution of marks will be as follows :

o Questions based on theory 15 marks

o Major experiment 25 marks

o Minor experiment 15 marks

o Viva 15 marks

20

Semester II Group A

Elective Paper I CHY 241-A Environmental Chemistry 45 hrs (3 hrs/week)

Objective To learn about the environment we dwell in.

I Atmosphere and air pollution 10 hrs

Biogeochemical cycles: water cycle, carbon cycle, oxygen cycle, nitrogen cycle, sulphur

cycle & phosphorous cycle.

Origin and fate of air pollutants: Air pollutants and standards, CO, NO2, SO2, , total

suspended particulates, indoor air pollution; air pollution meteorology – stability;

atmospheric monitoring–sampling, analysis of sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, carbon

monoxide, hydrocarbons and particulate matter.

Toxic chemicals in environment: impact of toxic chemicals on enzymes, biochemical

effects of Cd, As, Pb, Hg, CO, nitrogen, oxides, SO2, ozone, PAN, pesticides and

carcinogens.

II Ozone Chemistry 8 hrs

Green house effect: Green house gases, causes, consequences and abatement of green

house effect.

Stratospheric chemistry: Ozone layer and its depletion, creation, non-catalytic and catalytic

process of ozone destruction, atomic chlorine and bromine as X catalysts; ozone hole .

III Hydrosphere 9 hrs

Water resources, chemical composition of water bodies, water chemistry (physical

properties, precipitation reactions, acid/base reactions, alkalinity, hardness, buffer

solutions).

Oxidation- reduction chemistry in natural waters: dissolved oxygen, oxygen demand, BOD

and COD, anaerobic decomposition of organic matter; nitrogen and sulphur compounds in

natural water, PE scale, aluminium, fluoride and nitrate in water, eutrophication of water

bodies.

IV Water Treatment 9 hrs

Water classification and treatment systems-coagulation; mixing and flocculation: softening

– lime soda and ion exchange softening; disinfection –chlorine-disinfecting action

(chlorine/ ammonia reactions), ozonation and ultraviolet radiation and adsorption technique

to purify water.

Waste Water Treatment-Municipal water treatment, treatment of water for industrial use,

sewage treatment, primary waste treatment, secondary waste treatment by biological

processes (aerobic water treatment), tertiary waste treatment, industrial waste water

treatment, removal of solids, removal of calcium, iron, manganese, dissolved organics and

inorganics (electrodialysis, ion exchange, reverse osmosis).

21

V Hazardous Wastes and its treatment 9 hrs

Nature and sources- Classification, origin and amounts of wastes; flammable, combustible,

reactive, corrosive and toxic substances; chemical class of hazardous substances, physical

forms and segregations of wastes; generation, treatment, disposal and effects of hazardous

wastes; hazardous wastes in hydrosphere, geosphere, atmosphere & biosphere.

Treatment - Introduction, waste reduction and minimization, recycling, physical methods of

waste treatment, chemical treatment, thermal treatment methods, biodegradation of waste,

land treatment and composting, preparation of waste for disposal, ultimate disposal of

waste; leachate and gas emissions, in-situ treatment – immobilization, vapour extraction,

detoxification in-situ and in-situ thermal process.

Text/References: 1. Environmental Chemistry, Sixth Edition; Stanley E. Manahan; Lewis publishers,

Boston.

2. Environmental Chemistry, First Edition; Colin Baird; W.H. Freeman and company,

New York, 1998.

3. Environmental Chemistry, Fourth Edition; A. K. De; New Age International Pvt. Ltd.,

New Delhi, 2003

4. Chemistry of the Environment, Second Edition; Thomas G. Spiro & William M.

Stigliani; Prentice-Hall of India Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi, 2002.

5. Environmental Chemistry, A Global Perspective; Gary W. Vanloon & Stephen J.

Duffy; Oxford University Press, New York, 2000.

22

Semester II

Group A

Elective Paper II CHY-242-A Polymers 45 Hrs (3 hrs/week)

Objective To learn the kinetics and mechanism of various polymerization reactions and to expose the

students with various processing techniques.

I Polymer Characterization 12 hrs Pre requisite: Basic concepts of polymer science- monomers, repeat units, degree of

polymerization;

Classification of polymers, average molecular weight, number-average and weight-average

molecular weights; sedimentation and viscosity average molecular weights, polydispersity

and molecular weight distribution; practical significance of molecular weight;

measurement of molecular weights – end-group, viscosity, light scattering, osmotic and

ultra centrifugation methods; analysis and testing of polymers – chemical analysis of

polymers, spectroscopic methods, X-ray diffraction study, microscopy.

II Structure and Properties 12 hrs Morphology and order in crystalline polymers – configuration of polymer chains, crystal

structure of polymers, morphology of crystalline polymers, strain - induced morphology,

crystallization and melting; polymer structure and physical properties – crystalline melting

point Tm (melting point of homogenous series, effect of chain flexibility and other steric

factors, entropy and heat of fusion), the glass transition temperature Tg, relation between

Tm and Tg, effects of molecular weight, diluents, chemical structure, chain topology;

property requirements and polymer utilization.

III Polymerization Reaction-I 7 hrs Pre requisite: Addition and condensation polymerization.

Classification of polymerization mechanism, mechanism of stepwise polymerization,

kinetics and statistics of linear stepwise polymerization, poly functional step reaction

polymerization.

IV Polymerization Reaction-II 7 hrs

Radical chain (addition) polymerization: mechanism and kinetics of vinyl radical

polymerization; effects of temperature and pressure on chain polymerization; similarities

and contrasts in ionic polymerization, cationic, anionic, coordination and ring-opening

polymerization.

Kinetics and mechanism of copolymerization. Polymerization in homogeneous and

heterogeneous system.

V Polymer Processing 7 hrs

Plastics, elastomers and fibres, compounding, processing techniques- calendaring, die

casting, rotational casting, film casting, injection moulding, blow moulding, extrusion

moulding, thermoforming, foaming, reinforcing and fibre spinning.

23

Text/References: 1. Textbook of Polymer Science, Third Edition; Fred. W. Billmeyer; John Wiley & Sons,

Singapore, 2002.

2. Polymer Science, First Edition; V.R. Gowariker, N.V. Viswanathan, Jayadev Sreedhar;

New Age International Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi, 2000.

3. Principles of Polymer Science, First Edition; P. Bahadur and N.V. Sastry; Narosa

Publishing House, New Delhi, 2003.

24

Semester II Group A

Elective paper III CHY 243-A Biomolecules and Bio-organic Chemistry

45 Hrs (3 hrs/week)

Objective To learn the basics of biological processes that are required to explain concept of

pharmacy.

I Enzymes 10hrs

Introduction and historical perspective, chemical and biological catalysis, remarkable properties

of enzymes like catalytic power, specificity and regulation, nomenclature and classification,

extraction and purification. Fischer's lock and key and Koshland's induced fit hypothesis, concept

and identification of active site by the use of inhibitors, affinity labeling and enzyme

modification by site-directed mutagenesis, enzyme kinetics, Michaelis-Menten and

Lineweaver-Burk plots, reversible and irreversible inhibition

II Kinds of Reactions Catalyzed by Enzymes 8 hrs

Nucleophilic displacement on a phosphorus atom, multiple displacement reactions and the

coupling of ATP cleavage to endergonic processes, transfer of sulphate, addition and elimination

reactions, enolic intermediates in isomerization reactions, (β-cleavage and condensation, some

isomerization and rearrangement reactions, enzyme catalyzed carboxylation and decarboxylation,

examples of some typical enzyme mechanisms for chymotrypsin, ribonuclease, lysozyme

and carboxypeptidase A.

III Carbohydrate Metabolism 8 hrs Glycolysis, fate of pyruvate under anaerobic conditions, citric acid cycle, oxidative

phosphorylation (electron transport system), gluconeogenesis and glucogenolysis, C4

pathway, pentose phosphate pathway and photosynthesis.

IV Protein Metabolism and Disorders 10 hrs Degradation of amino acids (C3, C4, C5 family), urea cycle, uric acid and ammonia

formation.

Proteins (Structure and Functions): primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary structure;

enzymes, active sites, allosteric sites and mechanisms of their actions, e.g., chymotrypsin,

carboxypeptidase, lipases, etc; enzyme immobilization and their application, enzyme as

target as drug design.

V Nucleic Acids 9 hrs

Chemical and enzymatic hydrolysis, structure and functions of DNA, RNA (m-RNA, t-RNA,

r-RNA), an overview of gene expression (replication, transcription and translation), genetic

code (origin, Wobble hypothesis and other important features), genetic errors, carcinogenesis

and recombinant DNA technology.

25

Text/References: 1. Bioorganic Chemistry: A chemical approach to enzyme action, Herman Dugas and C.

Penny, Springer Verlag.

2. Principles of Biochemistry, Third Edition; A.L. Lehninger; McMillan Press, U.K, 2002.

3. Biochemistry, Fifth Edition; L. Stryer; W.H. Freeman, 2002.

4. Biochemistry; J. David Rawn, Tanima Publishing Co., New Delhi, 2004.

5. Biochemistry, Second Edition; Voet and Voet; John Wiley and Sons, U.S.A., 1995.

6. Outline of Biochemistry, Fourth Edition; E.E. Conn and P.K. Stumpf; John Wiley and

Sons, New Delhi, 1994.

7. Chemistry and the Living Organisms; Bloomfield; John Wiley and Sons, 1987.

26

Semester II

Group B

Elective Paper I CHY 241-B Inorganic Materials 45 hrs (3 hrs/week)

Objective

To develop awareness in students for chemistry in industrial sector and to expose them

with the industrial use of commercial polymers.

I Commercial Polymers 9 hrs

Structure, properties and applications of – natural rubber and other polyisoprenes, rubber

copolymers, rubber derived from butadiene, cellulosic polymers, phenolic and amino

resins, polymers based on phosphorus and sulphur- polyphosphates, phosphorus sulphide

cages, tetrasulphur, tetranitride and related compounds.

II Cement 9 hrs

Types and composition of cements, raw material, manufacturing, chemistry of setting of

cement, various additive used, reinforced cemet concrete.

III Glasses and Ceramics 9 hrs

Glassy state, glass formers, glass modifiers, applications. Ceramic structure, mechanical

properties, clay products. Refractories, characterization, properties and applications.

IV Organic Solids 9 hrs

Conducting organics, organics superconductors, magnetism in organic materials.

Fullerenes- doped, fullerenes as superconductors.

V Paints and Pigments 9 hrs Paint - classification, properties and applications of paints, manufacture of paints,

pigments-characterization, types and properties.

Text/References: 1. Textbook of Polymer Science, Third Edition; Fred. W. Billmeyer; John Wiley & Sons,

Singapore, 2002.

2. Polymer Science, First Edition; V.R. Gowariker, N.V. Viswanathan, Jayadev Sreedhar;

New Age International Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi, 2000.

3. Engineering Chemistry; Krishnamurthy, N. Vaillinayagan; Prentice Hall of India Pvt. Ltd.

2006.

4. Principles of solid State, H.V. Keer; Wiley Eastern.

5. Material Science and Engineering: An Introduction; W.D. Callister, Wiley.

27

Semester II Group B

Elective Paper II CHY-242-B Bioinorganic Chemistry 45 hrs (3 hrs/week)

Objective To learn the importance of metalloenzymes used in biosystems and metals in medicine.

I Metal Ions in Living System 8 hrs

Pre requisite: Essential and trace elements - a general idea.

Metal ions in biological systems: bulk and trace metals with special reference to Na, K,

Mg, Fe, Cu; molecular mechanism – ion transport across membranes, active transport of

Na-K (ion pumps), chlorophyll and their role in photosynthesis, PS I and PS II system,

ATP cycle.

II Iron and Calcium in Biological Systems 10 hrs

Metal Storage and Transport: Ferritin, Transferrin, Siderophores.

Calcium in Biological Systems: calcium in living cells, transport and regulation of Ca2+

ions in higher organisms, molecular aspects of intramolecular processes, extracellular

binding proteins.

III Metalloenzymes 12 hrs

Zinc enzymes-carboxypeptidase and carbonic anhydrase; iron enzymes – catalase,

peroxidase and cytochrome P-450; copper enzymes – superoxide dismutase; vitamin B12

and B12 coenzymes.

IV Metals in Medicine 7 hrs

Metal deficiency and disease, toxic effects of metals, metals used for diagnosis,

chemotherapy with special reference to anticancer drugs.

V Metal-nucleic acid interactions 8 hrs

basics- nucleic acid structure, fundamental interactions and reactions with nucleic acids,

applications of different metal complexes that binds nucleic acids, conformational probes,

metal-nucleic acid interactions with special references to zinc finger protein.

Text/References: 1. Principles of Bioinorganic Chemistry; First Edition; S. J. Lippard, J.M. Berg; Panima

Publishing Corporation, New Delhi, 2005.

2. Bioinorganic Chemistry; First Edition; I.Bertini, H.B.Gray, S.J.Lippard, J.S.Valentine; Viva

Books Pvt Ltd., New Delhi, 1998.

3. Bioinorganic Chemistry; First Edition; M.Satake, Y.Mido; Discovery Publishing House, New

Delhi, 2003.

4. Principles of Biochemistry, IIIrd Ed., A. L. Lehninger, McMillan Press, U.K. 2002

28

Semester II Group B

Elective Paper III CHY 243-B Nuclear and Radiation Chemistry

45 hrs (3 hrs/week)

Objective To learn about nuclear chemistry and to equip students for future career in nuclear industry.

I Atomic Nucleus 9 hrs

Sub-nucleons, classification of nuclides, nuclear stability, binding energy, nuclear radius,

orbital, spin and total angular momentum of nucleons, electric quadrupole moment of

nuclides; nuclear models – liquid drop model, fermi gas model, optical model, shell model.

II Radioactivity 10 hrs

Pre requisite: Properties of α, β and γ rays.

Decay scheme, decay kinetics, parent-daughter decay growth relationship, branching

decay, alpha emission, beta emission – type of beta decay, electron capture, neutrino,

double beta decay, nuclear deexcitation – gamma emission, gamma transition, internal

conversion, auger effect; artificial radioactivity, counters – Geiger counter, scintillation

counter, proportional counter, semi conductor detector.

III Nuclear Reactions 10 hrs

Pre requisite: Nuclear fission and fusion.

Types, special nuclear reaction – evaporation, spallation, fission, fragmentation; reaction

cross section; compound nucleus mechanism for nuclear reaction, high energy, photo and

thermo nuclear reaction; fission – process and product, fission energy, theory of nuclear

fission, nuclear reactor, breader reactor in India, fusion and its scope.

IV Elements of Radiation Chemistry 7 hrs

Interaction of radiation with matter, radiolysis of water, chemical and biological effect of

radiation, units for measuring radiation absorption.

V Applications of Radio Nuclides 8 hrs

Pre requisite: Radioisotopes

Tracer method, isotope dilution analysis, activation analysis, diffusion studies, structure

determination, reaction mechanism, radio pharmaceuticals, dating techniques, neutron

activation analysis.

Text/References: 1. Essentials of Nuclear Chemistry, IV Edition; H.J. Arnikar; New Age International (P) Ltd.,

New Delhi, 1995.

2. Source book on Atomic Energy II Edition; S. Glasstone; Van Nostrand Co. Inc., New Jersey.

3. Nuclear Chemistry for B.Sc. and M.Sc. Students of Indian Universities, I Edition; C.V.

Shekhar; Dominant Publishers and Distributors, New Delhi, 2003.

29

Semester II Group C

Elective Paper I CHY 241-C Heterocyclic Chemistry & Medicinal Chemistry

45 hrs (3 hrs/week)

Objective To learn about synthetic organic chemistry and medicinal chemistry for research purposes.

I Introduction and Nomenclature of Heterocycles 8 hrs Replacement and systematic nomenclature (Hantzsch-Widman system) for monocyclic,

fused and bridged heterocycles.

Self Study: General chemical behaviour of aromatic heterocycles, classification (structural

type), criteria of aromaticity (bond lengths, ring current and chemical shifts in 1H NMR-

spectra, empirical resonance energy, delocalization energy and Dewar resonance energy,

diamagnetic susceptibility exaltations), heteroaromatic reactivity and tautomerism in

aromatic heterocycles.

II Conformational Analysis of Non-aromatic Heterocycles 8 hrs

Strain-bond angle and torsional strains and their consequences in small ring heterocycles.

Conformation of six-membered heterocycles with reference to molecular geometry, barrier

to ring inversion, pyramidal inversion and 1,3-diaxial interaction; stereo-electronic effects

– anomeric and related effects; attractive interactions – hydrogen bonding and

intermolecular nucleophilic-electrophilic interactions.

III Six-Membered Heterocycles 9 hrs

With one heteroatom: synthesis and reactions of pyrilium salts and pyrones and their

comparison with pyridinium and thiopyrylium salts and pyridones; synthesis and reactions

of quinolizinium and benzopyrylium salts, coumarins and chromones.

With two or more heteroatoms: synthesis and reactions of diazines, triazines, tetrazines and

thiazines.

IV Important Chemotherapeutic Agents – I 10 hrs

Hypnotics and sedatives (barbitone sodium, pentabarbitone sodium, nitrazepam,

glutethimide).

CNS stimulants (caffeine)

Anticonvulsant drugs (paramethadione, troxidone, carbomazepine, primidone)

Antianxiety drugs and Tranquilizers: chlorpromazine hydrochloride, promazine mesylate,

promazine hydrochloride, diazepam, dilhozem, chlorbazam.

Cardiovascular agents: cardiotonic (cardiac glycosides), antiarrythymic drugs

(procainomide hydrochloride, disopyramide phosphate), antihypertensive agents

(guanthedine, methylodopa), dluretics (chlorothiazide, bendrofluzide).

V Important Chemotherapeutic Agents – II 10 hrs

Antihistamines (diphenhydramine hydrochloride, promethazine hyrdrochloride, chloro-

cyclizine hydrochloride).

Analgesics (methadone, dipipanane).

Antiviral agents (methisazone, idoxuridines)

30

Antipyretics (phenacetin, paracetamol)

Antimalarials (aminoquinolines, pyrimidine)

Anticancer agents/Antineoplastic agents (euclophosphamide, chlorambucil, melphalan,

busulphan, azathioprine, taxol, CCNU)

New developments, e.g., gene therapy and drug resistance.

Text/References: 1. Heterocyclic Chemistry Vol. 1-3; First Edition; R.R. Gupta, M. Kumar and V. Gupta;

Springer Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, 1998.

2. Heterocyclic Chemistry; Fourth Edition; J.A. Joule and K.Mills; Blackwell Science Ltd.,

London, 2000.

3. Heterocyclic Chemistry; T.L. Gilchrist; Longman Scientific and Technical.

4. An Introduction to the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds; Second Edition; R.M.

Acheson; John Wiley and Sons, New Delhi, 1976.

5. Contemporary Heterocyclic Chemistry; G.R. Newkome and W.W. Paudler; Wiley

Interscience.

6. Synthetic Drugs; M.S. Yadav; Campus Books International, New Delhi., 2002.

7. Synthetic Drugs; Rajbeer Singh; Mittal Publications, New Delhi., 2002.

8. An Introduction to Synthetic Drugs and Dyes; P.P.Singh, R.S. Rao, V. Chawla; Himalaya

Publishing House., 1992.

9. A Text Book of Pharmaceutical Chemistry; Jayashree Ghosh; S. Chand and Co. Ltd., New

Delhi.

10. Textbook of Organic Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry by J.N. Belgado and W.A.

Remers; J.B. Lippincolt; London.

11. Medicinal Chemistry by Alfered Berger; Part I & II; Wiley Interscience Publisher.

12. Medicinal Chemistry by Ashutosh Karr; New Age International Publisher, New Delhi

31

Semester II Group C

Elective Paper II CHY 242-C Organic Synthesis Chemistry of Natural Products

45 hrs (3 hrs/week)

Objective To learn the retrosynthesis and different classes of natural products for future endeavours in

organic chemistry.

I Disconnection Approach and Protecting Group 9 hrs

An introduction to synthons and synthetic equivalents, disconnection approach, functional

group inter-conversions, the importance of the order of events in organic synthesis, one

group C-X and two group C-X disconnections, chemoselectivity, reversal of polarity,

cyclisation reactions, amine synthesis; principle of protection of alcohol, amine, carbonyl

and carboxyl groups.

Self study: Name reactions

II One and Two Group C-C Disconnections 9 hrs

Alcohols and carbonyl compounds, regioselectivity, alkene synthesis, uses of alkynes and

aliphatic nitro compounds in organic synthesis; Diels’ Alder reaction, 1,3-difunctionalised

compounds, α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compounds, control in carbonyl condensations, 1,5-

difunctionalised compounds; Micheal addition and Robinson annelation.

III Terpenoids and Carotenoids 8 hrs

Classification, nomenclature, occurrence, general methods of structure determination,

isoprene rule; structure determination, stereochemistry and synthesis of the following

representative molecules – Citral, Geraniol, Menthol and β-Carotene.

IV Alkaloids 8 hrs

Definition, nomenclature, physiological action, occurrence, general methods of structure

elucidation, degradation, classification based on nitrogen heterocyclic ring.

Structure, stereochemistry and synthesis of the following – Ephedrine, (+)-Nicotine and

Morphine.

Self Study: Role of alkaloids in plants.

V Steroids 12 hrs

Occurrence, nomenclature, basic skeleton, Diels’ hydrocarbon and stereochemistry.

Structure determination and synthesis of Cholesterol, Androsterone, Testosterone, Estrone.

Text/References 1. Designing Organic Synthesis; First Edition; S. Warren; John Wiley and Sons, Great Britain, 2002.

2. Organic Synthesis- Concepts, Methods and Starting Materials; J. Fuhrhop and G.Penzillin; Verlage VCH.

3. Some Modern Methods of Organic Synthesis; Third Edition; W. Carruthers; Cambridge Univ. Press, UK,

1987.

4. Advanced Organic Chemistry: Reactions, Mechanisms and Structure; Fourth Edition; Jerry March; John

Wiley and Sons Asia Private Limited, New Delhi, 2007

5. Principles of Organic Synthesis; Third Edition; R.O.C. Norman and J.M. Coxon; Nelson Thornes, UK, 2003.

6. Advanced Organic Chemistry Part A & B; Fourth Edition; Francis A. Carey and Richard J. Sundberg; Kluwer

Academic/Plenum Publishers, New York, 2000.

7. Organic Chemistry, Vol 2; Fifth Edition; I.L. Finar; Longman Scientific and Technical, Singapore, 1997.

8. Rodd’s Chemistry of Carbon Compounds; Ed. S. Coffey; Elsevier.

32

Semester II Group C

Elective paper III CHY 243-C Biomolecules and Bio-organic Chemistry

45 Hrs (3 hrs/week)

Objective To learn the basics of biological processes that are required to explain concept of pharmacy.

I Enzymes 10hrs

Introduction and historical perspective, chemical and biological catalysis, remarkable properties

of enzymes like catalytic power, specificity and regulation, nomenclature and classification,

extraction and purification. Fischer's lock and key and Koshland's induced fit hypothesis, concept

and identification of active site by the use of inhibitors, affinity labeling and enzyme

modification by site-directed mutagenesis, enzyme kinetics, Michaelis-Menten and

Lineweaver-Burk plots, reversible and irreversible inhibition

II Kinds of Reactions Catalyzed by Enzymes 8 hrs

Nucleophilic displacement on a phosphorus atom, multiple displacement reactions and the

coupling of ATP cleavage to endergonic processes, transfer of sulphate, addition and elimination

reactions, enolic intermediates in isomerization reactions, (β-cleavage and condensation, some

isomerization and rearrangement reactions, enzyme catalyzed carboxylation and decarboxylation,

examples of some typical enzyme mechanisms for chymotrypsin, ribonuclease, lysozyme

and carboxypeptidase A.

III Carbohydrate Metabolism 8 hrs Glycolysis, fate of pyruvate under anaerobic conditions, citric acid cycle, oxidative

phosphorylation (electron transport system), gluconeogenesis and glucogenolysis, C4

pathway, pentose phosphate pathway and photosynthesis.

IV Protein Metabolism and Disorders 10 hrs Degradation of amino acids (C3, C4, C5 family), urea cycle, uric acid and ammonia

formation.

Proteins (Structure and Functions): primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary structure;

enzymes, active sites, allosteric sites and mechanisms of their actions, e.g., chymotrypsin,

carboxypeptidase, lipases, etc; enzyme immobilization and their application, enzyme as

target as drug design.

V Nucleic Acids 9 hrs

Chemical and enzymatic hydrolysis, structure and functions of DNA, RNA (m-RNA, t-RNA,

r-RNA), an overview of gene expression (replication, transcription and translation), genetic

code (origin, Wobble hypothesis and other important features), genetic errors, carcinogenesis

and recombinant DNA technology.

33

Text/References: 1. Bioorganic Chemistry: A chemical approach to enzyme action, Herman Dugas and C.

Penny, Springer Verlag.

2. Principles of Biochemistry, Third Edition; A.L. Lehninger; McMillan Press, U.K, 2002.

3. Biochemistry, Fifth Edition; L. Stryer; W.H. Freeman, 2002.

4. Biochemistry; J. David Rawn, Tanima Publishing Co., New Delhi, 2004.

5. Biochemistry, Second Edition; Voet and Voet; John Wiley and Sons, U.S.A., 1995.

6. Outline of Biochemistry, Fourth Edition; E.E. Conn and P.K. Stumpf; John Wiley and

Sons, New Delhi, 1994.

7. Chemistry and the Living Organisms; Bloomfield; John Wiley and Sons, 1987.

34

Semester II

Group D

Elective Paper I CHY 241-D Biophysical and Corrosion Chemistry

45 hrs (3 hrs/week)

Objective To acquaint the students with corrosion chemistry and liquid state and also to aware with

statistical mechanics of biopolymers.

I Corrosion Science 8 hrs

Theories of corrosion, kinetics of corrosion, Evan’s diagram thermodynamics of corrosion-

Pourbaix diagram, forms of corrosion, prevention of corrosion- modification of materials,

corrosion inhibitors, cathodic and anodic protection

II Biological Cell and Bioenergetics 7 Hrs Biological cell, structure and functions of proteins, enzymes, Standard free energy change in

biochemical reactions, exergonic, endergonic.

III Statistical Mechanics in Biopolymers 10 hrs

Evaluation of size, shape, molecular weight and extent of hydration of biopolymers by various

experimental techniques. Sedimentation equilibrium, hydrodynamic methods, diffusion,

sedimentation velocity, viscosity, electrophoresis and rotational motions.

Chain configuration of macromolecules, statistical distribution end to end dimensions, calculation of

average dimensions for various chain structures. Polypeptide and protein structures, introduction to

protein folding problem.

IV General Properties of Liquids 10 hrs

Liquids as dense gases, liquids as disordered solids, some thermodynamic relations, internal pressure

and its significance in liquids. Equations of state, critical constants. Diferent types of intermolecular

forces in liquids, different potential functions for liquids, additivity of pair potential approximation.

V Supercooled and Ionic liquids 10 hrs

Supercooled and Ionic liquids, theories of transport properties, non-arrhenius behaviour of transport

properties, Cohn-Turnbull free volume model, configurational entropy model, glass transition in

supercooled liquids.

Text/References: 1. Engineering Chemistry; Krishnamurthy, N. Vaillinayagan; Prentice Hall of India Pvt. Ltd.

2006.

2. Biophysical Chemistry, Vol,. I-III, Twelth Edition; Cantor, C.R. & Schimmel, Paul R.; W.H.

Freeman & Company, U.S.A., 2002

3. Principles of Biochemistry, Third Edition; Lehninger, A. L., Nelson, D.L. & Cox, M. M.

Lehninger; McMillan Press Ltd., London, 2002.

4. An Itroduction to Liquid State, P.A.Egeistaff, Academic Press.

35

Semester II

Group D

Elective Paper II CHY 242-D Solid State and Supramolecular Chemistry

45 hrs (3 hrs/week)

Objective To learn the students with the fascinating area of solid state chemistry and super conductors

and to appreciate the use of various diffraction methods in structural analysis and to

understand the importance of co-ordinaiton compounds in the emerging field of

supramolecular chemistry.

.

I Solid State Reactions and Preparative Methods of Inorganic Solids 8 hrs

General principles, experimental procedures, co-precipitation as a precursor to solid state

reactions, kinetics of solid state reactions.

Preparative methods of inorganic solids (solgel and MOCVD processes) – crystallization

of solutions, glasses, gels and melts, vapour phase transport methods, electrochemical

reduction methods, preparation of thin films, growth of single crystals, high pressure and

hydrothermal methods.

II X-ray diffraction 11 hrs

Laue method, Bragg method, Debye-Scherrer method of X-ray structural analysis of

crystals, Miller indices, index reflections, identification of unit cells from systematic

absences in diffraction pattern, structure of simple lattices and X-ray intensities, structure

factor and its relation to intensity and electron density, phase problem; procedure of X-ray

structure analysis, absolute configuration of molecules.

Electron and Neutron Diffraction ( brief idea)

III Electronic Properties and Band Theory 10 hrs

Semiconductors: influence of doping on band gap; applications – p-n junction, photovoltaic

cell and solar conversion.

Optical properties: optical reflectance, photoconduction-photoelectric effects.

Superconductivity: Meissner effect, critical temperature and critical magnetic field – type I

and II superconductors; ternary oxides – structure of 123 oxides (Y-Ba-Cu-O); BCS theory

of superconductivity – Cooper Pair Electron.

IV Supramolecular Chemistry-I 8 hrs

Molecular recognition: molecular receptors for different types of molecules including

arisonic substrates, design and synthesis of coreceptor molecules and multiple recognition;

V Supramolecular Chemistry-II 8 hrs Supramolecular reactivity and catalysis: Transport processes and carrier design.

Supramolecular devices- supramolecular photochemistry, supramolecular electronic, ionic

and switching devices.

36

Text/References: 1. Solid State Chemistry and its Applications; A.R. West; John Wiley and Sons, Singapore,

2004.

2. Principles of Solid State, First Edition; H.V. Keer; New Age International Publishers, New

Delhi, 2002.

3. Solid State Chemistry, First Edition; D.K. Chakrabarty; New Age International Publishers,

New Delhi, 2005.

4. Supramolecular Chemistry, First Edition; Concepts and Perspectives; J.M. Lehn; VCH,

Verlagsgesellschaft, Germany, 1995.

37

Semester IV

Group D

Elective Paper III CHY 243-D Physical Organic Chemistry 45 hrs (3 hrs/week)

Objective To learn the physical aspects of organic reactions, which are studied earlier.

I Principle of Reactivity and Isotope Effect 9 hrs

Mechanistic singnificance of entropy, enthalpy and Gibb’s free energy, Arrhenius equation,

transition state theory, uses of activation parameters, Hammond’s postulate, Marcus theory

of electron transfer, reactivity and selectivity principles, theory of isotope effects, primary

and secondary kinetic isotop effects, heavy atom isotop effects, tunneling effect, solvent

effects.

II Structural Effects on Reactivity 9 hrs

Linear free energy relationships (LFER), the Hammett equation, substituent, constants,

theories of substituent effects, interpretation of σ values, reaction constant ρ, deviations

from Hammett equation, dual-parameter corrections, inductive substituent constant, the

Taft model σI - and σR – scales.

III Steric and Conformational Properties 9 hrs

Various type of steric strain and their influence on reactivity, steric acceleration, molecular,

measurements of steric, effects upon rates, steric LFER, conformational barrier to bond.

Rotation-spectroscopic detection, of individual conformers , acyclic and monocyclic,

systems, rotation around partial double bond, Winstein-Holness and Curtin-Hammett

principle.

IV Acids, Bases, Electrophiles, Nucleophiles and Catalysis 9 hrs

Acid-base dissociation, electronic and structural effects and basicity, acidity functions and

their applications, hard and soft acids and bases, nucleophilicity, scalesl nucleofugacity, the

α- effect , ambivalent nucleophiles, acid-base catalysis- specific and general catalysis,

Bronsted catalysis, nucleophilic catalysis, catalysis by non-covalent-micellar catalysis.

V Molecular Dynamics 9 hrs

Principle of molecular association and organization as exemplified in biological

macromolecules like anzymes, nucleic acids, membranes and model systems like micelles

and vesicles, molecular receptors and design principle, cryptands, cyclophanes, calixeranes,

cyclodextrines, supramolecular reactivity and catalysis, molecular channels and transport

processes, molecular devices and nanotechnology.

Text/ References: 1. Molecular Mechanics, U. Burkert and N.L. Allinger, ACS Monograph 177, 1982

2. Mechanism and Theory Inorganic Chemistry, T.H. Lowry and K.C. Richardson, Harper and

Row.

3. Physical Organic Chemistry, N.S. Isaacs, ELBS/Longman

4. Supramolecular Chemistry; Concepts and Perspectives, J.M. Lehn, VCH

38

Semester II 450 hrs (30 hrs/week)

CHY-146 Dissertation: Literature Survey and Synopsis Presentation

This has been incorporated in semester I, with the aim that a candidate does extensive literature

survey on a topic of choice and further take up dissertation on the same topic in the subsequent

semester.

CHY -244 Dissertations

To give an exposure of research to candidates, dissertation has been introduced in semester II.

Candidate is required to carry out minor research project on any topic of choice (based on

Semester I Literature Survey Article) under the supervision of an allotted research supervisor.

The marking scheme of dissertation is as follows:

Total Marks 100

Internal (30 %)

Synopsis Attendance Total

20 marks 10 marks 30 marks

External (70 %)

Objective Methodology Review and

bibliography

Results Presentation Viva Total

10 marks 10 marks 10 marks 15 marks 10 marks 15 marks 70 marks