sfe the singaporean experience
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SMOKE-FREE ENVIRONMENT: THE SINGAPORE EXPERIENCE
Expanding Smoke Free EnvironmentsKL 8-9 August 2009
Joanne ChandlerAdult Health Division, Health Promotion Board
Chian Jian WeiPolicy Department, National Environment Agency
PRESENTATION OUTLINE
Introduction: Jo Chandler
Smoking situation in Singapore
National Smoking Control Programme
Smoke-free legislation in Singapore: Chian Jian Wei
Milestones: smoke-free legislation
Implementing smoke-free legislation
Next steps & challenges ahead
INTRODUCTION
SMOKING SITUATION IN S’PORE
Smoking Prevalence of Singapore Residents (18-69 years)
18.3
15.2
13.8
12.613.6
0.0
2.0
4.0
6.0
8.0
10.0
12.0
14.0
16.0
18.0
20.0
1992 1998 2001 2004 2007
Year
Sm
oki
ng
Pre
vale
nce
(%
)
Source: Ministry of Health Singapore
SMOKING SITUATION IN S’POREPercentage Breakdown of Singapore Residents by Ethnicity, 2008.
74.7
13.6
8.72.8
Chinese
Malay
Indian
Others
Total:
3.64 mil
Source: Monthly digest of Statistics-April 2009, Singapore Department of Statistics, http://www.singstat.gov.sg/pubn/reference/mdsapr09.pdf
SMOKING SITUATION IN S’PORESmoking Prevalence (%) By Gender & Ethnic Group 2007
13.63.723.7Total
11.41.520.6Indian
23.25.541.3Malay
12.33.621.2Chinese
TotalFemalesMalesEthnic Group
NATIONAL SMOKING CONTROL PROGRAMME
MULTI-PRONGE
D
MULTI-PRONGE
D
PublicEducation
PartnershipsLegislation Taxation
SmokingCessation Services
REDUCE SUPPLY
REDUCE DEMAND
National strategies:
NATIONAL SMOKING CONTROL PROGRAMME
Global Agreements:
Singapore ratified the FCTC in 2004
Sets protocols & guidelines to help focus national strategies
Article workgroups for shared learning
NATIONAL SMOKING CONTROL PROGRAMME
• Health Promotion Board – lead agency for overall tobacco control
• Health Science Authority – tobacco regulation and enforcement
• Ministry of Health – lead government body for HPB/HSA
• National Environment Agency – lead agency on smoking bans & enforcement
• Singapore Customs – illicit trade & import/export control
Co-ordination mechanisms, strategy & planning:
SMOKE-FREE LEGISLATION IN SINGAPORE
MILESTONES:SMOKE-FREE LEGIS’N
First enacted in October 1970
Administered by National Environment Agency under Smoking (Prohibition in Certain Places) Act
Now, 37 categories of public places & 5 categories of public transport
Fully implemented FCTC Article 8
Smoke-Free Places (70s and 80s)Effective Date Places where Smoking is Prohibited
Oct 1970 Omnibus Cinemas Theatres
Mar 1973 Lifts
Oct 1982 Amusement Centres
July 1988 Hospitals, Maternity Homes, Medical Clinics and Nursing Homes
Indoor areas of fast food outlets Indoor ice-skating rinks, roller skating rinks and roller
discotheques
Sep 1989 Selected air-con departmental stores Mini-supermarkets, supermarkets Air-con restaurants Public libraries, museums and art galleries Convention halls, Ballrooms, Function Rooms Indoor sports arena including bowling alleys, billiard
saloons, gymnasiums and fitness centres
Smoke-Free Places (90s)
Effective Date Places where Smoking is Prohibited
Apr 1992 Private buses, school buses and taxi Air-con hair-dressing saloons and barber shops Banking halls
Dec 1992 The Supreme Court, Subordinate Courts and Small Claims Tribunals
Sep 1994 Air-con offices, factory floors, enclosed or air-con common areas of private residential premises
Mar 1995 Changi Airport terminal building (air-con area)
Dec 1995 Air-con shopping centres Underground pedestrian walkways Queues in public places
Aug 1997 Selected air-con areas/ facilities in private clubs Schools, polytechnics, junior colleges and ITEs Enclosed/ air-con areas in universities Air-con shops
Smoke-Free Places (2000-2010)Effective Date Places where Smoking is Prohibited
Oct 2005 Public toilets Bus interchanges/ shelters Swimming pools Community centres/clubs Stadiums
Jul 2006 Coffeeshops and non air-conditioned foodshops Hawker centres
Jul 2007 Entertainment outlets
Jan 2009 Non air-con shops, shopping centres, offices, factories Markets Underground and multi-storey car parks Ferry terminals Lift lobbies Hotel lobbies Playgrounds and exercise areas Entrances
IMPLEMENTING SMOKE-FREE LEGISLATION
1. Planning International benchmarking & meeting FCTC
obligations under Article 8 Reviewing & agreeing national strategies Identifying & gathering support from National
partners Assessing level of support from public & trade Drafting legislation
IMPLEMENTING SMOKE-FREE LEGISLATION
2. Implementing Enacting the law Public education campaign Enforcement planning & training Publicising penalties & offences Monitoring & reviewing
IMPLEMENTING SMOKE-FREE LEGISLATION
Enforcement infrastructure & strategies:
NEA- Monitor public compliance- Work with managers of premises to ensure ban is observed- Conduct enforcement blitzes at problematic places
Manager of Premises
- Obliged under law to enforce ban- Empowered to ask smokers to stop smoking or leave the premises
IMPLEMENTING SMOKE-FREE LEGISLATION
Mobilising the community: Public consultation
- Online consultation
- Focus group discussion
- Dialogue sessions
Ground Work with Operators- Briefing
- Site visit
- Providing collaterals
IMPLEMENTING SMOKE-FREE LEGISLATION
Mobilising the community: Publicity
- Posters
- TV commercials
- Publicity by trade
- Press coverage
IMPLEMENTING LEGISLATIONPublic education: e.g’s of posters
IMPLEMENTING LEGISLATION
Public Education: Print advertisements (2007)
IMPLEMENTING LEGISLATION
Working with trade: Issuing Guidelines
IMPLEMENTING LEGISLATIONWorking with trade: publicity by partners (2007)
IMPLEMENTING LEGISLATIONPress coverage (2007)
IMPLEMENTING SMOKE-FREE LEGISLATION
Nature of OffenceComposition of
Offence*If Convicted in Court
Smokers smoking in prohibited places[Section 3(2)]
$200
[1st and subsequent offences]
1st and subsequent conviction:
Fine not exceeding $1,000
Manager failing to display notice[Section 5(3)] 1st offence: $200
2nd and subsequent offence: $500
1st and subsequent conviction: Fine not exceeding $1,000
Manager failing to take action against offender[Section 6(4)]
1st conviction: Fine not exceeding $1,000
2nd and subsequent conviction: Fine not exceeding $2,000
Publicising Penalties:
IMPLEMENTING SMOKE-FREE LEGISLATION
Summary of effective policies: Advocacy
- Whole-of-government approach
- Active consultation with public, key opinion leaders & industry
- Education on harmful effects of second-hand smoke
- Mobilising the community
- Important role of media
IMPLEMENTING SMOKE-FREE LEGISLATION
Summary of effective policies: Clear legislation
- Roles of manager of premises
- Infrastructure for enforcement
- Heavy penalties for violation
Regular review
- Evaluate effectiveness of legislation
- Revise legislation to close loopholes
NEXT STEPS & CHALLENGES AHEAD Strengthen current strategies:
Visible enforcement & penalties
Maintaining public support
Review current list & move away from partial bans, separate smoking areas etc
Explore new strategies: Public education through research on harmful effects of
second-hand smoke to reach areas that are not part of current legislation e.g. vehicles, homes, protecting children
Explore extending bans
NEXT STEPS & CHALLENGES AHEAD
Whole-of-government approach: Alignment with national smoking control programme
NEA to continue collaborations with Health Promotion Board, Health Science Authority, Ministry of Health, Ministry of Manpower
Singapore as a Centre for Excellence on a global platform
WCTOH 2012 in Singapore
Thank You