session 8 tp 8
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Microsoft Windows Server 2003 Network Infrastructure – Planning and Maintenance/ Session 8 / Slide 1 of 25
Session 8
Maintaining Server Availability
Microsoft Windows Server 2003 Network Infrastructure – Planning and Maintenance/ Session 8 / Slide 2 of 25
Review A cluster is a group of interconnected servers that
together function to provide load balancing and fault tolerance
Windows Server 2003 operating system provides two types of clustering services: Server Clusters Network Load Balancing Clusters
Windows Server 2003, Enterprise Edition and Windows Server 2003, Datacenter Edition support up to 8 nodes in a Server cluster
Windows Server 2003 supports up to 32 nodes in a NLB cluster, in all the editions.
Microsoft Windows Server 2003 Network Infrastructure – Planning and Maintenance/ Session 8 / Slide 3 of 25
Objectives Monitor Server Performance Monitor Network Services Monitor System Bottlenecks Plan a Backup Strategy
Microsoft Windows Server 2003 Network Infrastructure – Planning and Maintenance/ Session 8 / Slide 4 of 25
Monitoring Server Performance
Monitoring system performance is the important task for maintaining and administering the operating system.
Windows Server 2003 provides two tools to analyze the server performance: Performance Console Network Monitor
Microsoft Windows Server 2003 Network Infrastructure – Planning and Maintenance/ Session 8 / Slide 5 of 25
Performance Console The Performance console provides detailed
data about the resources that are used by specific components and programs of the operating system.
The Performance console consists of two snap-ins: System Monitor Performance Logs and Alerts
Microsoft Windows Server 2003 Network Infrastructure – Planning and Maintenance/ Session 8 / Slide 6 of 25
System Monitor Examines the usage of CPU,
Memory, Disk Drives, and Network Adapters.
Performance object is a logical collection of counters that is associated with a resource or service to monitor.
Counter is a data item that is associated with a performance object
Performance object instance distinguishes the multiple performance objects of the same type
Microsoft Windows Server 2003 Network Infrastructure – Planning and Maintenance/ Session 8 / Slide 7 of 25
Performance Logs and Alerts
Enables logging and alert notification by configuring triggers on the relevant counters.
Acts as a service, loaded during system startup and operates even if no users has logged on
Microsoft Windows Server 2003 Network Infrastructure – Planning and Maintenance/ Session 8 / Slide 8 of 25
Network Monitor Examines the
stream of network data transmitted over the traffic
Captures data that flows to and from the computer running network monitor
Microsoft Windows Server 2003 Network Infrastructure – Planning and Maintenance/ Session 8 / Slide 9 of 25
Working with Filters Capture filter
enables us to specify which packets the program must copy to its buffer.
Display filter enables us to filter packets that are stored in the buffer
Microsoft Windows Server 2003 Network Infrastructure – Planning and Maintenance/ Session 8 / Slide 10 of 25
Monitoring DHCP Tracks IP addresses Assigns IP addresses to
clients for eight days at a time
DHCP server statistics provides an overview of the information regarding the number of request transmitted, offers, and declines received
DHCP log file is saved in the %systemroot%\system32\dhcp location
Microsoft Windows Server 2003 Network Infrastructure – Planning and Maintenance/ Session 8 / Slide 11 of 25
Monitoring DNS Hosts information that
enables client computers to resolve memorable,alphanumeric DNS names to the IP addresses
Event logs are recorded in the Event Viewer and the debug log entries are stored in the location
%systemroot%\system32\dns
Microsoft Windows Server 2003 Network Infrastructure – Planning and Maintenance/ Session 8 / Slide 12 of 25
Monitoring WINS Uses distributed database that is
automatically updated with the names and IP address of computers currently available
To open the WINS Server Statistical dialog, in the WINS console, right-click the WINS Server icon and select Display Server Statistical option
Microsoft Windows Server 2003 Network Infrastructure – Planning and Maintenance/ Session 8 / Slide 13 of 25
Monitoring Routing and Remote Access
Routing and Remote Access enables routing in the network
Examines and analyzes the current port usage, routing statistics, number of IP datagrams, as well as statistics for IP, TCP, and ICMP protocols
TCP/IP Information
RRAS Console
Microsoft Windows Server 2003 Network Infrastructure – Planning and Maintenance/ Session 8 / Slide 14 of 25
Monitoring System Bottlenecks
Tracking the bottleneck that is affecting the performance is a complicated task
Performance console tracks the bottlenecks and solves the performance problems
To locate the bottleneck, there are four systems that we need to monitor: Processor Memory Storage Subsystem Network.
Microsoft Windows Server 2003 Network Infrastructure – Planning and Maintenance/ Session 8 / Slide 15 of 25
Processor Subsystem Processor array inadequately
configured it results the server to accumulate the incoming client request.
This prevents the server from processing the request.
% Processor Time counter is the main indicator of the processor performance.
Microsoft Windows Server 2003 Network Infrastructure – Planning and Maintenance/ Session 8 / Slide 16 of 25
Memory Subsystem Inadequate amount of memory in a
server, prevents the computer from caching data effectively
This leads the processes to depend on the disks reads more than memory read, thereby slowing down the enter system
Pages/Sec and Available MBytes counters are used to monitor memory performance
Microsoft Windows Server 2003 Network Infrastructure – Planning and Maintenance/ Session 8 / Slide 17 of 25
Storage Subsystem Overloaded with Read and Write
commands, results in processing the client request at a very slow rate.
Prime location to find bottlenecks as the server’s hard disk carries greater physical load than the other systems
% Disk Time counter , enable us to monitor the performance of the storage subsystem.
Microsoft Windows Server 2003 Network Infrastructure – Planning and Maintenance/ Session 8 / Slide 18 of 25
Network Subsystem The amount of network traffic
reaching the server through its network interface restricts the bandwidth of the network connections.
Current Bandwidth performance object monitors the Network performance.
Microsoft Windows Server 2003 Network Infrastructure – Planning and Maintenance/ Session 8 / Slide 19 of 25
Network Backup Strategy Panning a backup strategy for a
network includes of three components: Backup Hardware Backup Software Backup Plan
Microsoft Windows Server 2003 Network Infrastructure – Planning and Maintenance/ Session 8 / Slide 20 of 25
Backup Types The backup software provides us with various
backup types that enable us to backup only required files and folders. Normal - Creates the back up for all the
selected files and folders. It will clear all the markers but will not look out for markers.
Differential - Creates the back up of the selected files and folders having markers. It does not clear the markers.
Incremental - Creates the back up of the selected files and folders having markers. It clears the markers.
Microsoft Windows Server 2003 Network Infrastructure – Planning and Maintenance/ Session 8 / Slide 21 of 25
Restoring Tasks The backup software along with
providing solutions for backup must provide solutions for restoring data.
The basics options that must be provided by backup software for restoring data are: Original Location Alternate Location Single Folder
Microsoft Windows Server 2003 Network Infrastructure – Planning and Maintenance/ Session 8 / Slide 22 of 25
Volume Shadow Copy Service
Backs up files that are opened or locked due technical problem of the system
Stores only the changes for the shares, not the entire share content
Provides access to previous versions of files that the server had cached in the configured schedule
Microsoft Windows Server 2003 Network Infrastructure – Planning and Maintenance/ Session 8 / Slide 23 of 25
Summary Windows Server 2003 provides two tools to
analyze the server performance: Performance Console Network Monitor
The Performance console consists of two snap-ins: System Monitor Performance Logs and Alerts
There are three types of counter logs; trace, counter, and alerts.
Network Monitor is an administrative tool that enables us to examine the stream of network data transmitted over the traffic.
Microsoft Windows Server 2003 Network Infrastructure – Planning and Maintenance/ Session 8 / Slide 24 of 25
Summary Contd… The two filters provided by the Network
monitor are: Capture Filter and Display Filter. There are four services that enable us to
monitor the network server: DHCP, DNS, WINS, and Routing and Remote Access
To locate the bottleneck, there are four systems that we ideally need to monitor: Processor, Memory, Storage Subsystem, and Network.
Microsoft Windows Server 2003 Network Infrastructure – Planning and Maintenance/ Session 8 / Slide 25 of 25
Panning a backup strategy for a network includes of three components; backup hardware, backup software, and backup plan.
Volume Shadow Copy Service (VSS) in Windows Server 2003 enables us to take back up of files that are opened or locked due technical problem of the system.
Summary Contd…