session #8 adding magic to your app

Adding magic to your app

#8Android Academy TLV

25/12/2016Yossi Segev

Wifi: Techiteasy

Yossi Segev

Crave

Android Academy

Jonathan Yarkoni

Android Developer & Advocate Ironsource

Android Academy Staff

Yonatan LevinGoogle Developer

Expert & Android @ Gett

Britt BarakAndroid Lead

Figure8

Yossi SegevAndroid Developer

Crave

Announcement!

Shahar AvigezerDesigner & Developer

What Do We Do?

●Android Fundamentals - NOW

● Android Best Practice - 17/1

● Android UI / UX - 29/1 !

● Community Hackathon - 9/3 !!!

●Android Performance

●Mentors Program

Community Mentors

Ilan Peled

Agenda

Notifications - communicate with your users from outside of your app.

Broadcast-Receivers - Listen and react to events.

Services - Perform tasks even without direct user interaction.

SyncAdapter - Sync data between the device to a server like the “big players”.

We’ve got a LOT to cover - take a deep breath :)

Notifications

Notification

A message you can display to the user outside of the application UI.

Notification

Must contain:● Small Notification

icon● Title● Description

Showing a notification

1.Create a new Notification object using NotificationCompat.Builder.

2.Get a reference to the NotificationManager.

3.Show the notification.

NotificationCompat.Builder

Fluent interface to construct Notification object.

Helps maintain backward compatibility.

Creating a basic notificationNotification notification = new NotificationCompat.Builder(this) .setSmallIcon(R.drawable.ic_star_white_24dp) .setContentTitle("Hello world!") .setContentText("Description goes here.") .build();

Notification Manager

One of many system-level services.

Access by calling getSystemService().

https://developer.android.com/reference/android/app/NotificationManager.html

getSystemService()

A way to get a handle to a system-level service, such as:NotificationsAlarmsLocationWifi

Pass the service name (usually, a constant on Context class), and cast the result.

http://developer.android.com/reference/android/content/Context.html#getSystemService(java.lang.String)




NotificationManager notificationManager = (NotificationManager)

getSystemService(Context.NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);


NotificationManager notificationManager = (NotificationManager)

getSystemService(Context.NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);

notificationManager.notify(NOTIFICATION_ID, notification);

Handling user interaction

Actions

User interact with a notification via:

1.Click on notification.

2.Action buttons. (Android >= 4.1)

Actions

User interact with a notification via:

1.Click on notification.

2.Action buttons. (Android >= 4.1)

Open related Activity

HOW?

Pending Intent

Pending Intent

Specifies an action to take in the future.

Pending Intent

Specifies an action to take in the future.

https://developer.android.com/reference/android/app/PendingIntent.html

● Wraps an Intent.

● Pass a future Intent to another component.

● Granting the right to perform the operation you have specified as if the other application was yourself (with the same permissions and identity).

Pending Intent

PendingIntent.getActivity(this, REQUEST_CODE, intent, flags);

Pending Intent


Static factory method to get a PendingIntent

Pending Intent


Context

Pending Intent


Unique request code as int

Pending Intent


The “original” Intent object

Pending Intent


Instructions flag

Pending Intent exampleIntent intent = new Intent(this, LandingPageActivity.class);

PendingIntent pi = PendingIntent.getActivity(this, REQUEST_CODE, intent, PendingIntent.FLAG_UPDATE_CURRENT);

User interaction #1Intent intent = new Intent(this, LandingPageActivity.class);

PendingIntent pi = PendingIntent.getActivity(this, REQUEST_CODE, intent, PendingIntent.FLAG_UPDATE_CURRENT);

Notification notification = new NotificationCompat.Builder(this) .setSmallIcon(R.drawable.ic_star_white_24dp) .setContentTitle("Hello world!") .setContentText("Description goes here.") .setContentIntent(pi)

.setAutoCancel(true) // Optional .build();

User interaction #2Notification notification = new NotificationCompat.Builder(this) .setSmallIcon(R.drawable.ic_star_white_24dp) .setContentTitle("Hello world!") .setContentText("Description goes here.")

.setContentIntent(pi) .setAutoCancel(true) .addAction(R.drawable.ic_bookmark_white_24dp,

"BTN-1", pi) .addAction(R.drawable.ic_schedule_white_24dp,

"BTN-2", pi2) .addAction(R.drawable.ic_favorite_white_24dp,

"BTN-3", pi3) .build();

{

Action buttons

DO NOT forget the back-stack!

Not forgetting the back-stack

Activity

A(list)

*Click on item*


Activity

A(list)

Activity

B(Item details)*Back button clicked*


Activity

A(list)

Activity

B(Item details)

TaskStackBuilder demo #1TaskStackBuilder taskStackBuilder = TaskStackBuilder.create(this);taskStackBuilder.addNextIntent(parentActivityIntent);taskStackBuilder.addNextIntent(intent);

PendingIntent pi = taskStackBuilder.getPendingIntent(REQUEST_CODE, PendingIntent.FLAG_UPDATE_CURRENT);

TaskStackBuilder demo #2Intent intent = new Intent(this, LandingPageActivity.class);

TaskStackBuilder taskStackBuilder = TaskStackBuilder.create(this);taskStackBuilder.addNextIntentWithParentStack(intent);

PendingIntent pi = taskStackBuilder.getPendingIntent(REQUEST_CODE,

PendingIntent.FLAG_UPDATE_CURRENT);

AndroidManifest.xml<activity android:name="com.yossisegev.myapplication.LandingPageActivity" android:parentActivityName="com.yossisegev.myapplication.MyParentActivity">

 <meta-data android:name="android.support.PARENT_ACTIVITY" android:value="com.yossisegev.myapplication.MyParentActivity"/>

</activity>

Notification withExpanded layout

Expanded layout

Provide rich notification style. (Android >= 4.1)

Applied by specifying a style with .setStyle()

InboxStyle

InboxStyle notificationNotificationCompat.InboxStyle inboxStyle = new NotificationCompat.InboxStyle();inboxStyle.setBigContentTitle("Shopping list reminder!");inboxStyle.addLine("Milk");inboxStyle.addLine("Bread");inboxStyle.addLine("Frozen pizza");inboxStyle.addLine("Pasta");inboxStyle.addLine("Water pack");inboxStyle.setSummaryText("+ 6 more items.");

Notification notification = new NotificationCompat.Builder(this) .setSmallIcon(R.drawable.ic_star_white_24dp) .setContentTitle("Shopping list reminder!") .setContentText("....") .setContentIntent(pi) .setStyle(inboxStyle) .build();

BigPictureStyle

BigPictureStyle notificationNotificationCompat.BigPictureStyle pictureStyle = new NotificationCompat.BigPictureStyle();pictureStyle.bigPicture(BitmapFactory.decodeResource(getResources(), R.drawable.mountains));pictureStyle.setSummaryText("filename.jpeg");

Notification notification = new NotificationCompat.Builder(this) .setSmallIcon(R.drawable.ic_star_white_24dp) .setContentTitle("Photo upload completed.") .setContentText("Click to view in app.") .setContentIntent(pi) .setStyle(pictureStyle) .build();

Not covered

Sound / LED / VibrateGroupingPriorityProgress indicatorCustom layouts

Questions?

Broadcast Receivers

BroadcastReceiver

Implementation of a Pub/Sub pattern.

Enables messaging between app components, Android system, and even other apps.

Pub/Sub

A Sender (broadcaster) sends messages.

Subscriber (receiver) register to receive messages.

Senders do not program which component (if any) receives the message.

Subscribers register to receive specific messages types.

Creating a Receiver

Creating a Receiver

1.Extend BroadcastReceiver.Implement the onReceive() method.

2.Register the receiver with an intent filter.Static or Dynamic registration.

SimpleReceiver.javapublic class SimpleReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver {

public static final String ACTION_TOAST = "yossisegev.action.toast";

@Overridepublic void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) { String message = "Got a " + intent.getAction(); Toast.makeText(context, message, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();}}

Creating a Receiver

1.Extend BroadcastReceiver.Implement the onReceive() method.

2.Register the receiver with an intent filter.Static or Dynamic registration.

AndroidManifest.xml (Static registration)<receiver android:name="com.yossisegev.myapplication.recivers.SimpleReceiver">

<intent-filter>

<action android:name="yossisegev.action.toast" />

</intent-filter>

</receiver>

Sending the broadcast// Implicit intentIntent i = new Intent(SimpleReceiver.ACTION_TOAST);

sendBroadcast(i);

onReceive() is called.

ReceiverActivity (Dynamic registration)private SimpleReceiver simpleReceiver;

@Overrideprotected void onResume() { super.onResume(); simpleReceiver = new SimpleReceiver();}

@Overrideprotected void onPause() { super.onPause();}


@Overrideprotected void onResume() { super.onResume(); simpleReceiver = new SimpleReceiver(); IntentFilter intentFilter = new IntentFilter(SimpleReceiver.ACTION_TOAST);}

@Overrideprotected void onPause() { super.onPause();}


@Overrideprotected void onResume() { super.onResume(); simpleReceiver = new SimpleReceiver(); IntentFilter intentFilter = new IntentFilter(SimpleReceiver.ACTION_TOAST); registerReceiver(simpleReceiver, intentFilter);}

@Overrideprotected void onPause() { super.onPause(); unregisterReceiver(simpleReceiver);}


@Overrideprotected void onResume() { super.onResume(); simpleReceiver = new SimpleReceiver(); IntentFilter intentFilter = new IntentFilter(SimpleReceiver.ACTION_TOAST); registerReceiver(simpleReceiver, intentFilter); Intent i = new Intent(SimpleReceiver.ACTION_TOAST); // Implicit intent sendBroadcast(i);}

@Overrideprotected void onPause() { super.onPause(); unregisterReceiver(simpleReceiver);}

Not covered

Security

Permissions

Local Broadcasts

Ordered Broadcasts

Intent-Filters in depth

Questions?

Services

Service

Perform long-running operations in the background, does not provide a user interface.

https://developer.android.com/guide/components/services.html

Service

(Usually) Runs as part of its app process.

By default- service code runs on the main thread.

A way for our app to do something even if the user isn’t interacting with it.

Can interact with other components (ex: Activity)

Services has a simpler lifecycle then Activities.

The paths are related to the way the service starts.

Service Lifecycle

Starting / Binding a Service

Context.bindService()

● onBind() callback will fire.

● Alive as long as stuff are bound to it.

Context.startService()

● onStartCommand() callback will fire.

● Alive until stopService() or stopSelf()

Creating a bound Service


1.Create MyService class, extends Service.

2.Create Binder inner class.

3.Implement The ServiceConnection interface.

4.Register our Service in AndroidManifest.xml

5.Bind the Service.

MyService.javapublic class MyService extends Service {

private String mData = "Service data";

@Override public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) { //todo return our binder return null; }}






5.Bind the Service.


private String mData = "Service data"; private DataBinder mBinder;

// ...

public class DataBinder extends Binder { public String getData() { return mData; } } }


@Override public void onCreate() { super.onCreate(); mBinder = new DataBinder(); }

@Override public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) { return mBinder; } // ...}






5.Bind the Service.

ServiceConnection

Interface for monitoring the connection to a Service.Provides two call backs:

onServiceConnected(ComponentName name, IBinder binder)

onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName name)

ServiceDemoActivitypublic class ServiceDemoActivity extends Activity

implements ServiceConnection {

@Overridepublic void onServiceConnected(ComponentName name, IBinder binder) { MyService.DataBinder dataBinder = (MyService.DataBinder) binder; String serviceData = dataBinder.getData();}

@Overridepublic void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName name) {

// Called when the Server stops unexpectedly. // NOT on unbind event.}}






5.Bind the Service.

AndroidManifest.xml<service

android:name="com.yossisegev.services.MyService” />






5.Bind the Service.

Binding the Service

bindService(Intent service,

ServiceConnection conn, int

flags);

unbindService(ServiceConnection conn);

ServiceDemoActivity@Overrideprotected void onResume() { super.onResume(); Intent i = new Intent(this, MyService.class); bindService(i, this, Context.BIND_AUTO_CREATE);}

@Overrideprotected void onPause() { super.onPause(); unbindService(this);}

Remember

When calling bindService() - onStartCommand() is skipped.

All Services must override onBind().Started Services can return null.

onCreate() / onDestroy() - always called.

Communicate with a Service

1.Intents passed to onBind() / onStartCommand()

2.Binding.

3.Broadcasts-Receivers.

4.Notifications / Toasts.

IntentService

IntentService

Handles requests on a worker thread , one by one, and stops when it’s out of work.

IntentService

Perfect for “one shot” operations.

Easy to implement.

Creating IntentService

1.Create MyIntentService class, extends IntetService.

2.Implement the constructor.

3.Implement onHandleIntent() method.

MyIntentService.javapublic class MyIntentService extends IntentService {

public MyIntentService() { super("myIntentService"); // This will be the worker thread name }

@Override protected void onHandleIntent(Intent intent) {

// Do some work... }

}

IntentService work queue

startService(Intent i1);



onCreate()

onHandleIntent(i1) onHandleIntent(i2) onHandleIntent(i3)

onDestory()

Not covered

Permissions.

Running Service on a different process.

Sticky Service.

Foreground Service.

Questions?

SyncAdapter

SyncAdapter

Handling the synchronization of data between the device and a server.

Why?

Maintaining communication with a server is hard.

When should I sync?

Authentication.

User change credentials on another device

Multiple user accounts

Error recovery.

Spotty network

Invalid credentials

What do we need?

What do we need?

● Account Authenticator Handles user

auth

What do we need?


auth

● ContentProvider Stores the synced

data

What do we need?


auth


data

● SyncAdapter Actually syncing and applying

logic

General flow

Local data store

Server

SyncAdapter

Account Authenticator

Creating our demo SyncAdapter

General flow

Local data store

Server

SyncAdapter


Our demo

Local data store

Server

SyncAdapter


FAKE

FAKE

What do we need?


auth


data


logic

Authenticator

1.Extend AbstractAccountAuthenticator.

2.Create a bound service that will serve the authenticator.

3.Add a metadata xml file for the authenticator.

4.Add the service to AndroidManifest.Read more: http://developer.android.com/training/sync-adapters/creating-authenticator.html

http://developer.android.com/training/sync-adapters/creating-authenticator.html

FakeAuthenticator.javapublic class FakeAuthenticator extends AbstractAccountAuthenticator {

public FakeAuthenticator(Context context) { super(context); }

// editProperties: throws an UnsupportedOperation Exception // addAccount: returns null // confirmCredentials: returns null // getAuthToken: throws an UnsupportedOperation Exception // getAuthTokenLabel: throws an UnsupportedOperation Exception // updateCredentials: throws an UnsupportedOperation Exception // hasFeatures: throws an UnsupportedOperation Exception // getAuthTokenLabel: throws an UnsupportedOperation Exception}


2.Create a bound service that will serve the Authenticator.


4.Add the service to AndroidManifest.

Authenticator

Read more: http://developer.android.com/training/sync-adapters/creating-authenticator.html


FakeAuthenticatorService.javapublic class FakeAuthenticatorService extends Service {

private FakeAuthenticator mAuthenticator;

@Override public void onCreate() { super.onCreate(); mAuthenticator = new FakeAuthenticator(this); }

@Override public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) { return mAuthenticator.getIBinder(); }}





Authenticator



authenticator.xml (in res/xml)<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><account-authenticator xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:accountType="com.yossisegev.demo" />





Authenticator



AndroidManifest.xml<service android:name=".FakeAuthenticatorService">

<intent-filter> <action android:name="android.accounts.AccountAuthenticator"/> </intent-filter>

<meta-data android:name="android.accounts.AccountAuthenticator" android:resource="@xml/authenticator" />

</service>

What do we need?


auth


data


logic

ContentProvider

1.Create our fake ContentProvider class.

2.Create the AndroidManifest.xml entry.

AndroidManifest.xml<provider android:name=".provider.FakeContentProvider" android:authorities="com.yossisegev.demo.app.provider" android:enabled="true" android:exported="false" android:syncable="true" />

What do we need?


auth


data


logic

SyncAdapter

1.Extend AbstractThreadedSyncAdapter.

2.Implement the onPerformSync() method.

3.Create a bound service that will serve the SyncAdapter.

4.Add a metadata xml file for the SyncAdapter.

5.Add the Service to AndroidManifest.Read more: https://developer.android.com/training/sync-adapters/creating-sync-adapter.html

https://developer.android.com/training/sync-adapters/creating-sync-adapter.html

SyncAdapter





5.Add the service to AndroidManifest.Read more: https://developer.android.com/training/sync-adapters/creating-sync-adapter.html


DemoSyncAdapter.javapublic class DemoSyncAdapter extends AbstractThreadedSyncAdapter {

private static final String TAG = "DemoSyncAdapter";

public DemoSyncAdapter(Context context, boolean autoInitialize) { super(context, autoInitialize); } public DemoSyncAdapter(Context context, boolean autoInitialize, boolean allowParallelSyncs) {

super(context, autoInitialize, allowParallelSyncs); }

}

SyncAdapter







DemoSyncAdapter.javapublic class DemoSyncAdapter extends AbstractThreadedSyncAdapter {

@Overridepublic void onPerformSync(Account account, Bundle extras, String authority, ContentProviderClient provider, SyncResult syncResult) {

Log.d(TAG, "**** SYNCING ****");}

}

SyncAdapter







DemoSyncService.javapublic class DemoSyncService extends Service {

private DemoSyncAdapter mDemoSyncAdapter;

@Override public void onCreate() { super.onCreate(); // The SyncAdapter instance *should* be created in a thread safe manner. mDemoSyncAdapter = new DemoSyncAdapter(getApplicationContext(), true); }}

DemoSyncService.javapublic class DemoSyncService extends Service {

@Overridepublic IBinder onBind(Intent intent) { return mDemoSyncAdapter.getSyncAdapterBinder();}

}

SyncAdapter







syncadapter.xml (/res/xml)

<sync-adapter xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:contentAuthority="com.yossisegev.demo.app.provider" android:accountType="com.yossisegev.demo" android:userVisible="false" android:supportsUploading="false" android:allowParallelSyncs="false" android:isAlwaysSyncable="true" />

SyncAdapter







AndroidManifest.xmlservice android:name=".DemoSyncService">

<intent-filter> <action android:name="android.content.SyncAdapter" /> </intent-filter> <meta-data android:name="android.content.SyncAdapter" android:resource="@xml/syncadapter" />

</service>

Done.


auth


data


logic

Authenticator Service

authenticator.xml

How everything is tied together?

Authenticator

ContentProviderManifest entry

SyncAdapter Service

syncadapter.xml

SyncAdapter

accountType

contentAuthority

Invoking the SyncAdapter

Invoking the SyncAdapter

The ContentResolver (the one we use to access the ContentProvider)

is responsible for registering for the sync.

Syncing on demandContentResolver.requestSync(account, // Account to sync FakeContract.AUTHORITY, // authority bundle); // Sync options

Syncing on demand - bundleBundle bundle = new Bundle();// Forces a manual sync. The sync adapter framework ignores existing settings.bundle.putBoolean(ContentResolver.SYNC_EXTRAS_MANUAL, true);

// Forces the sync to start immediatelybundle.putBoolean(ContentResolver.SYNC_EXTRAS_EXPEDITED, true);

ContentResolver.requestSync(account, FakeContract.AUTHORITY, bundle);

Not covered

Managing Accounts.

Raising sync errors.

Interval syncing.

Questions?

Thank you

session #8 adding magic to your app

Software