DREAMiSAFER presentation for

Japan1SAFER Goals Phase #1 071220

DREAMiDREAM on Incidents

11-01-13

Matias Viström (Chalmers)(replacing Jonas Bärgman)

DREAMi

Understanding factors contributing to accidents is critical to improve traffic

safety!

DREAMi

DREAMi

•DREAM for Incidents DREAM for Video•DREAM applied to naturalistic driving data

• Aim•Enhanced method for insight into the causation of

accidents and incidents

• A well defined analysis approach for naturalistically

collected incident/accident video

• The intention to make the method public for

widespread use

DREAMi

What is DREAM?• Method for identification of factors contributing to

traffic accident causation• Driver

• Vehicle

• Traffic environment

• Organization

• Originally applied to data from accident

investigations, including interviews with drivers

DREAMi

Incidents and Accidents On Video

What makes it possible?

• Technology

• New business models• E.g. DriveCam (www.DriveCam.com)

• Research focus• SeMiFOT, euroFOT, JARI etc

DREAMi

Incidents and Accidents On Video

•Video data compared to Interview data• Much more accurate time line

• More detailed about driver actions (maneuvres, gaze)

• Lacks information about driver intentions, stress level,

thoughts etc.

DREAMi

Video – What Does it Look Like?

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JAMA-JARI video

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What does a DREAMi-chart Look Like?

Example Walk-Through• Driver (1) is planning to turn right (Japan) across a larger road and

there is quite a lot of traffic and a bus (2) blocking his intended way.

• He is talking on the phone and has been standing waiting to

cross the main road for quite some time.

• First there is a truck (3) obstructing the view to the traffic

approaching (at high speed) on the left crossing road, then when

this is moving out of the way there is still another vehicle (4)

blocking the view a little.

• He is also checking his watch at one time – is he in a hurry?

• When he finally decided to turn to cross he is moving very slow

while still talking on the phone (looking like he is about to end it and

thanking the person on the other end).

• He misses a truck (5) approaching fast from the left and has to

brake hard.

• He then immediately puts the phone away.

• The motion of the bus blocking moving away from his intended

path is likely directly related to the drivers initiation to going.

1

2

3

4

5

R: Obser-

vation of

critical

event

R: Driver

response

Hard

braking

T=29.16-

30.00

R=Recovery

A Timing

Too early

action

PE: When the

driver lifts his

foot off the

brake pedal to

start crossing

(start

accelerating)

PE T=25.93

C2

Misjud-

gement of

situation

E2

Attention

alloca-

tion

E2.2 Gaze allocation

towards driving related

event other than critical

event OUTSIDE vehicle.

In critical phase primarily

looking toward intended

path. Last look away:

T=29.16 (probably

peripheral vision for first

cue)

B1

Missed

obser-

vation

D1 Priority Error

He is waiting to cross for quite

some time and seems a little

stressed. He also is talking on

the phone, prioritizing the phone

conversation.

E2.6 Allocation towards

non-driving related event

other than critical event

INSIDE vehicle.

At the time of initiating

crossing the driver is

heavily involved in the

phone conversation and

judging from his eyes he is

significantly distracted by

thinking/listning/talking while

he is trying to navigate the

situation (shifting focus

between where he is going

and “the conversation”)

stops conversation T<32.94

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Where are We Today?

• DREAM manual for application on video (and

interview data)

• Complementing codebook for situation coding

– replacing accident investigation in original

DREAM

• ~30 cases coded (future estimate 30-60

minutes/case)

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The Future for DREAMi

• Significant need for method such as DREAMi• Understanding accidents

• Linking accidents and incidents

• Application to accidents on triggered video

• Further development needs• Further coding to cover more accident types

• Attention allocation coding still not perfect

• Inter coder reliability enhancements

• Approach for further analysis (both code book and

DREAM)

DREAMi

Project Information• Budget: 1.3mkr

• December 2009 to June 2011

• SAFER project partners:

• Chalmers

• Autoliv

• Volvo Car Corporation

• AB Volvo

• VTI

• External collaboration:

• Japan Automotive Research Institute (JARI)

DREAMi

The End