Session 3:Employment and Skills Development

Extent and nature of the skills mismatch?Documented most recently by WB STEP surveys, e.g.:• In Georgia, One in

three employers have difficulty in hiring professional workers and highly skilled white collar workers.

What’s the problem?

• For example, in Azerbaijan:• Business Environment and

Enterprise Performance Survey (BEEPs) – 54% of companies think that lack of adequate skills and education of workers is a major obstacle for doing business; for one third it was the most problematic factor

Mis-matching and over-education

• On the one hand:• Shortage of

Practical Skills• AND• Shortage of

“Soft” Skills

• Georgia: 40% of unemployed have a higher education degree (in urban areas: 46%)

• 30 percent of employed in Armenia, Georgia and Ukraine, consider that the level of education necessary for doing their job is lower than the level of education they hold.

Moldova: education level of unemployed

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 20140%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

Primary or without educationGymnasiumSecondary general, lyceumSecondary professionalMedium specializedHigher education

VET: Changing Perspectives and Changing Roles

Source: From ILO. N.D. The Changing Role of Government and Other Stakeholders in Vocational Education and Training. Image obtained from ACPET

Lots to discuss…..