session 2.1 - integrated transport

Integrated Multi-Modal Tranpsort

Integrated Transport Services - Cashless Transactions / Smart CardSession II Taking Transit - Integrated Public Transport ServicesNovember 10, 2014Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh

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Multimodal Transport Moves Towards a network.. To an integrated network: Changing socio-economic context => Optimising the use and capacity of the systemImproving the accessibility of the system and creating a comprehensive network => Cross subsidies Efficiency of hub and spoke network

From a fragmented network..(Several operators, different fares and ticketing systems, competition between companies )

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. To Smart and Connected Transport Integrated Multi-Modal Transport Smart and Connected TransportThe world is changing and old terms are also changing

Integrated Multi-Modal Transport System


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Smart and Connected TransportIntegrated or Connected Transport Infrastructure requires:

PhysicalInformationTransactionInstitutional


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Smart and Connected Cities - IBM


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What is Smart Transportation System6

Automated Vehicle Location SystemAutomated Fare Collection SystemIntelligent Signaling SystemParking Information System

Real-Time Traffic Information SystemReal-time Monitoring SystemInteractive journey planner for all modesCar SharingCycle SharingSystems


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Controlling DemandDiffusing DemandManaging assets working more efficiently.

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Cashless Travel on Public TransportCashless travel on public transport is popular in developed countries and gaining some momentum in developing countriesCashless transaction not only provides easy method to collect revenue but also produces large quantities of data for better planning and monitoringIn India, Metro Systems and Taxi Companies are using these options more for better accountability and smoother transactionSadly, the bus-based public transport system still lags behind in this area, which is available in more cities and carries more passengersMost of STUs are still using paper tickets for fare collection and following conventional system. There is a need to modernize fare collection mechanism to accommodate cashless travel.Cashless travel in India is still limited to Metro System and Organized Taxi Service


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Modes of Cashless Transaction Smart CardNFCMobile Wallet ApplicationSmart Tags

Mainly use forMainly use forMainly use forMainly use for


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Smart Card for Transport E-TicketingTransport e-ticketing is expanded after the use of smart cards technologySmart cards are able to store enough information to process monetary transactions and card holders details for security purposesThere are two categories of smart cards that can be used for public transport e-ticketing:A single purpose transit pass An electronic purse (epurse) card

Magnetic Stripe Card Mainly use for banking transaction and Information are stored by modifying the magnetism of tiny iron-based magnetic particles

Smart Card Mainly use for public transport system and information are stored in a microchip and transmits data using radio frequency identification (RFID)


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Smart Card for Integrated Transport E-TicketingPublic transport operators around the world has adopted new electronic media (Smart Cards / NFC) to replace paper-based tickets to introduce electronic ticketing systemsThe cities are implementing multimodal transportation ticketing system or Integrated Transport e-ticketing, combining all modes on a single ticket using smart card and/or other technologiese-ticketing can be used as a tool to facilitate the combination of modes and the transfer between them. Further, the system can be extended to other areas like retail stores, library or tourist sitesInteroperability, common specifications and identical commercial structures are important to introduce for integrated fare collection systemSmart Cards are still the most common form of Transport e-ticketing, which is being used around the world


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Advantages of Integrated Transport E-ticketingIntegrates with other transport service like parking, tolls and taxisPromotes cashless economy by integrating with convenience storesEasy to UseEnables commuters to carry one card for use on all transit modesFacilitates the multi-modal travel behaviourAllows faster boarding and help to reduce trip timesJust takes 150 milliseconds to complete the transactionImprove BoardingTravel Data CollectionDemand ManagementMultiple Use of Smart CardsCollects authentic data about travel pattern and behaviourData can be used to inform transport policy and the planning of serviceAllows the operator to offer discounts to commuters for specific tripsCan balance demand and increase patronage in off peak periodsReduce Revenue Pilferage Allows faster revenue reconciliation with recorded data on travel patternsEquips authorities to detect and deter fare evasion


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Global Examples of Integrated Transport E-ticketingEstablished in 2005 and owned by all five key transport operators

Used by 99% of people in Hong Kong aged 15 to 64Can be used for fare payments for bus, taxi, subway, train, tram, and ferry servicesCan be used for smallvalue payments in the retail sector, access control for residential and commercial buildings

Established in 2003 and owned by Transport for London (TFL)

Over 43million Oyster cards had been issued and more than 80% of all journeys on public transport in London were made using the card by June 2012Can be used for fare payments for bus, Tube, tram, DLR, London Overground and most National Rail services in LondonEstablish in 2002 and owned by Land Transport Authority (LTA)

More than 10 million cards in circulation and around 8 million transactions everyday are made on the system, primarily for public transport faresCan be used for fare payments for public transport travel, as well as other commercial purposes and non-transit applications

Ez-link Card of Singapore


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Key Factors for Integrated Transport E-ticketingThere should be a government authority with statutory control over all modes of transport and mandates to setup Common Clearing HouseThere should be a high-level of coordination and co-operation between all public transport providers and the suppliersThere is need to identify and establish common technology platform for all key stakeholders, instead of compulsion to use old technologyIt is important to ensure that the cost of technology should be economical for all modes of transports and shared by all stakeholdersThere should be integrated tariff for seamless transport for the passengers and gives discount to consumers for use of multiple modesTo implement successful Integrated E-ticketing, there is a need to setup common goal and policies for all operators


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Delhi Metro is facing lot of problem related to missing tokens. In the periord 2009-2012, the company lost around INR 50 Million ($900,000) due to lost or stolen tickets.

Delhi Metro is using Philips Mifare DESfire (4KB) technology for Smart Card and Sony Felica RFID chips in its tokens13

Opportunities to implement Integrated E-ticketing

About CityPublic Transport

New DelhiMumbaiBangaloreArea: 1,484 Sq. KmPopulation: 22 millionNo. of Vehicles: 7.22 millionArea: 603 Sq. KmPopulation: 21 millionNo. of Vehicles: 2.02 millionArea: 741 Sq. kmPopulation: 9.6 millionNo. of Vehicles: 3.79 millionMetro: 190 kmsBuses (Public): 4,938Buses (Cluster): 1,217Suburban: 427.5 kmsMetro: 11.40 kmsMono Rail: 8.9 kmsBuses (Best): 4,700Metro: 19.5 kmsBuses (BMTC): 6,745Taxi: 52,884Auto: 100,000Taxi: 55,000Auto: 246,000Taxi: 40,185Auto: 150,000Smart Cards and Tokens system is implemented by Delhi MetroHandheld Fare Collection machines in all Cluster busesSmart Cards system is implemented by Suburban Railways and Reliance MetroHandheld Fare Collection machines in some busesSmart Cards and Tokens system is implemented by Namma MetroHandheld Fare Collection machines in some buses

Para TransitAutomated Fare Collection


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Indian Examples of Smart Card Fare Collection

Delhi Metro Smart Travel CardDelhi Metro has implemented Automatic Fare Collection system using Contactless Smart Card as multi-ride ticket in 2005. The contactless smart card compliant to Type A Mifare Desfire (4Kbytes)Currently, DMRC is selling more than 20,000 cards per day and currently has around 6.1 million cards in circulationDelhi Metro has introduced the smart card system in the city. However, DMRC is not ready to make any change in technical specification and allows other modes to integrate with its systemDelhi Metro has integrated its system with Gurgaon Metro as they are using Thales Automatic Fare Collection, which is very costly for bus operators

Namma Metro Travel Card

Reliance Metro Travel Card

Indian Railway Smart CardOther Smart Cards in India70% of Delhi Metro travelers are smart card users


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Challenges to Implement Integrated E-ticketingTransport networks are complex and unorganized in India. It is difficult to encompass every fare rate possible for every service provider across an entire network.Multiplicity of Authorities Institutional StructureMetro Vs. Bus Transport NetworkUnorganized MarketThe government plays very critical role to facilitate standardization and coordination among players, which is missing in IndiaMetro System has access to fund and can procure technology from outside, whereas bus operators can not adopt the same technologies Responsibility to plan, construct, operate and manage different modes of transports are with different agencies. There is no single agencyBus Transport is still controlled by STUs and Individual Operators. Further, most of the cities are largely dependent on informal transport


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Thank YouValoriser ConsultantsTel: +91-11-25546049 | Mobile: +91-9958835533Email: [email protected] / [email protected] Website: www.valoriserconsultants.com

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session 2.1 - integrated transport

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