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LATIN AMERICA BUSINESS CENTER (Empresa do Grupo Spectris)

Rua Laguna 276, Santo Amaro Sao Paulo – SP – Brasil CEP 04728-000

Tel: +55 11 5188 8166Fax: +55 11 5188 8169Email: brazil_sales@servomex.com

MIDDLE EAST & INDIA BUSINESS CENTRE

India Business Centre and Systems EngineeringSpectris Technologies Pvt. Ltd.Plot No.A-168, M.I.D.C. TTC Indl. Area Thane-Belapur Road KhairaneNavi Mumbai- 400 7099 India

Tel: +91-9967045657Fax: +91-2239342701Email: MEI_Sales@servomex.com

Q4 Oct-Dec 2011

See how we’re supporting more efficient, environmentally friendly power production

TALKING’bout your

GENERATION

INCORPORATING THE SERVOMEX

Power Plant CombustionNEW SOLUTIONS

TO FIRE THE IMAGINATION

p6

TruRef TCDOUR NEW

MEASUREMENT TECHNOLOGY

DEBUTS IN THE SERVOPRO

MULTIEXACT

p4

Pure Magnetism

OUR PARAMAGNETIC

TECHNOLOGY EXPLAINED

p8

Q4 2011

WHATEVER YOUR GAS ANALYSIS REQUIREMENTS, WHEREVER YOU ARE:

WE’RE READY TO HELP.

GLOBAL BUSINESS CENTRES

AMERICAS BUSINESS CENTER

Systems Engineering and Service Center 525 Julie Rivers Dr., Suite 185Sugar Land, Texas 77478

Tel: +1 281-295-5800Fax: +1 281-295-5899Email: americas_sales@servomex.com

ASIA PACIFIC BUSINESS CENTRE

Asia Pacific Business, Systems Engineering and Service CenterBldg. 9, Shanghai Euromate Industrial ParkNo. 88, Yuanshan Road,Xinzhuang Industrial ParkShanghai 201108, P.R. China

Tel: +86 (0)21 6489 7570Fax: +86 (0)21 6442 6498Email: asia_sales@servomex.com

EUROPEAN BUSINESS CENTRE

Stephensonstraat 202723 RN ZoetermeerNetherlands

Toll Free: 00800 7378 6639 (NL, D, GB, F)Tel: +31 (0) 79 330 1580Fax: +31 (0) 79 3420819Email: europe_sales@servomex.com

Americas:+1 281 295 5800

Latin America:+55 115 188 8166

Europe/Africa:+31(0)79 330 1580

Middle East/India:+91(0)226 710 0360

Asia Pacific:+86(0)216 489 7570

ServomexThe trusted partner in

medical gaS analySiS:

Pure&Simple.

servopro 4100

European and US Pharmacopoeia

servopro MiniMP 5200

Portable for transfilling. FDA compliant for assay of medical O2 and medical air

servopro Chroma

For N2 purity as per European Pharmacopoeia

Delta-F310

For trace O2 in medical grade N2 per European and US Pharmacopoeia

FeaTuredProducTS

www.industrialgasexpert.com

GAS qUAlity AND PUrity iS CrUCiAl tO MEDiCAl GAS PrODUCtiON. thAt’S why it’S iMPOrtANt tO ChOOSE A GAS ANAlySiS PArtNEr yOU CAN rEly ON At EvEry POiNt iN yOUr PrOCESSES.

an established leader in medical gas analysis, recently augmented by gc technologies and the delta-F range, Servomex’s experience and expertise in medical gas analysis is second to none.

We deliver the complete range of technologies required to ensure product quality is maintained with total consistency and genuine accuracy.

From a complete range of systems, analysers and portables to validate gases during production, bottling, tanker filling and transfill operations, to the precise purity and trace measurements required by European and US Pharmacopoeia, your product quality is always assured by ours.

“Welcome to the first edition of ES, our new quarterly magazine”“Inside you’ll find news and information about the latest developments from Servomex, from new products to application studies.

“At the back, you’ll find our comprehensive product guide that makes it easy to find the analysers that match your precise industry requirements.

“Whatever the individual needs of your plant or process, we have the technology and the team that delivers efficiency, performance and safety to your processes, something that ES Magazine will bring to your attention.”

CHRIS COTTRELL, Managing Director

Welcome to EXPERT SOLUTIONS

IN THIS ISSUE...

Product Focus: MultiExact TruRef TCDExploring the capabilities of the MultiExact gas analyser, now boosted by our new TruRef TCD thermal conductivity technology

p4

Servomex Product GuideFind the analysers suitable for key applications in your industry

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Application Focus: Combustion AnalysisCombustion processes rely on exceptional analyser measurements for safety, efficiency and control – our latest products deliver them

p6

Technology Showcase: ParamagneticOur reputation was built on paramagnetic oxygen sensing technology – see how this exceptional technique still delivers exceptional results

p8

3

“Servomex’s development of TruRef TCD technology has fulfilled two objectives: to improve the accuracy and stability of gas measurement and deliver better cost-of-ownership to the customer. By innovating our unique TruRef technology to eliminate the transient conditions present in the sample gas, TruRef TCD is a game-changer for ASU customers who want exceptionally accurate measurements for argon and nitrogen production.”

TURN OVERLEAF TO FIND OUT THE FULL STORY ON TRUREF TCD

Visit industrialgasexpert.com to find out more about Servomex’s comprehensive range of gas analysis solutions for the

IG market.ES is published quarterly by Servomex Group Limited, Jarvis Brook, Crowborough, East Sussex, TN6 3FBEditorial enquiries and feedback should be sent to Laura Cluttton, Corporate Communications Manager.

Email: lclutton@servomex.com / Tel: 01892 60333 / Twitter: @servomex / Linked In: linkedin.com/servomex

SPOTLIGHTTRUREF TCD TECHNOLOGY

THE NEW QUARTERLY PRODUCT MAGAZINE FROM SERVOMEX, HIGHLIGHTING THE PRODUCTS AND TECHNOLOGY HELPING CUSTOMER APPLICATIONS AROUND THE WORLD.

Subscribe to ES MagazineYou could win an iPod Touch when you sign up to receive ES Magazine

p15

The definitive Servomex product guide starts on page 9

hydrocArbon processing

Autumn 2011

SERVOTOUGHFluegasExact 2700For control combustion in SMR processes

DELTA FDF-320ECertified to measure trace oxygen in H2 in a hazardous area

DELTA FDF-320EIdeal for hazardous area measurement of trace O2 in

polymer grade feedstocks

DELTA FDF-550EUltra-trace ppt oxygen analyser

DELTA FDF-560ELowest level ultra-trace ppt oxygen analysis available

DELTA FDF-740/750High sensitivity ppt LDL moisture analyser

DELTA FDF-745Sub-ppb moisture analyser

DELTA FDF-760EDual sub-ppb oxygen and moisture measurement

DELTA FDF-370EDustproof, waterproof, explosion proof trace O2 measurement for polymer grade feedstocks

SERVOPROMultiExact (O2) Flexible multigas analyser with oxygen purity and trace

measurements

SERVOPRO4100Flexible multigas analyser meets regional Pharmacopoeia

SERVOPROChromaApplication specific % gas analyser validates nitrogen purity as per European Pharmacopeia

SERVOFLEXMiniMP 5200Portable analyser validates purity during transfilling operations

SERVOPROChromaFlexible sub-ppb LDL gas analyser for N2 & Ar measurements

SERVOPROChromaTrace measurement ensures quality control

SERVOPRODF-310EPremium oxygen analyser measures trace oxygen in medical grade nitrogen

SERVOPRODF-150EVersatile oxygen analyser

SERVOTOUGHOxy 1900 Award-winning paramagnetic oxygen analyser suitable for oxidation and inerting applications

SERVOTOUGHLaserCompact 2900High sensitivity in-situ TDL analyser optimised for short path lengths and fast on-line process measurements

SERVOTOUGHOxyExact 2200 High accuracy paramagnetic oxygen analyser for safety-critical oxidation

SERVOTOUGHSpectraExact 2500Robust process gas infra-red analyser for percent to ppm measurements

hydrocArbon processing

hydrocArbon processing

MedicAl gAses

uhp seMiconduc tor MAnufAc ture

hydrogen produc tion

uhp seMiconduc tor MAnufAc ture

MedicAl gAses

SERVOTOUGHLaserSP 2900High sensitivity in-situ or TDL analyser for combustion, emissions or low oxygen measurements

SERVOTOUGHFluegasExact 2700High performance fluegas analyser for O2 and COe combustibles with unique flow diagnostics

The specific Servomex sensing technologies each analyser uses

is highlighted through our easy-reference technology icons

– please refer to the table on the right for our icon guide.

Given the wide range of Servomex products, we have been careful

to match the most appropriate and widely-used analysers to each

industry. If you however require a different analyser type, are a

customer working outside the categories listed, or have a specific

analyser requirement, contact your local Servomex Business centre

and they will be happy to help.

This Product Guide is the easy-to-use guide to Servomex analysers. Key analysers have been grouped by industry, with a brief description of their principle functions and relevant applications.

11

10

SERVOTOUGHLaserCompact For O2 control in H2 production by electrolysis

Zirconia

Gas Filter Correlation

Calorimetry

Thermal Conductivity

Paramagnetic

Infra-Red

Tunable Diode Laser SpectroscopyFlame Ionisation Detector

Gas Chromatography

Plasma

Laser Moisture

Coulometric

Help is at hand. Contact your local business centre or visit www.servomex.com

Need AnAlyser Advice?

Technology Icon Key

9

8

PrinciplesServomex’s paramagnetic sensors

take advantage of the unusual

magnetic properties displayed

by oxygen (O2). In displaying

an exceptionally high magnetic

susceptibility several hundred

times greater than that of most

other gases, this sensitivity to

magnetic fields can be used for

an exceptionally accurate O2

measurement.

Servomex’s magnetodynamic

analyser consists of a small

dumbbell-shaped body made

of glass and charged with

nitrogen, a light source, a

photocell, a mirror, and a

calibrated indicating unit. The

dumbbell body is suspended in

an enclosed test cell within the

magnetic field of a permanent

magnet and left free to rotate

in the space between the

poles of the magnet. Since the

dumbbell body has negative

magnetic susceptibility because

of its nitrogen content, the

balls of the dumbbell naturally

deflect slightly away from the

point of maximum magnetic

field strength.

When a test sample containing

O2 is introduced into the test cell,

the O2 in the sample is attracted

to the point of maximum

field strength: the magnitude

of dumbbell displacement is

proportional to the amount of

O2 in the sample.

The movement of the dumbbell

is detected by a light beam from

a light source exterior to the test

cell, then reflected from a mirror

on the dumbbell body to an

exterior photocell. The photocell

generates a feedback current

which is used to “lock” the

dumbbell in place. The feedback

current changes as the O2

concentration changes, ensuring

that the dumbbell continues to be

“locked” in place.

This feedback current provides

the measure of the O2

concentration: the output of

the photocell is amplified and

transmitted to an indicating unit

that is calibrated to read out the

O2 content in the test sample.

The magnetodynamic

technology provides a direct

measurement of magnetic

susceptibility and consequently

is not influenced by the

thermal properties of the

background gas. Since

the difference in magnetic

susceptibility between the

dumbbell and the gas sample

is very subtle for low O2

concentrations, this method

is most suitable for percent

levels of O2. With excellent

speed of response, the

non-depleting technology

offers reduced calibration

requirements, long life and

low cost-of-ownership in

comparison to other O2

sensing technologies such as

electrochemical cells.

Typical UsageParamagnetic oxygen analysers

have a wide range of uses.

They are used in the analysis of

combustion efficiency, testing

the purity of breathing air and

protective atmospheres, for

laboratory measurements and

in medical applications,

and for selected industrial

process monitoring and

control applications.

Paramagnetic: Key AnAlysers

MutuAl ttractionA SERVOTOUGH Oxy

Award-winning intrinsically safe

oxygen analyser

SERVOPRO 1440

Gas analyser suitable for

laboratories and testing

SERVOTOUGH 1800

Safe area oxygen analyser

SERVOTOUGH OxyExact 2200

Process oxygen analysers

SERVOPRO MultiExact

Multigas analyser

SERVOPRO 4100

Multigas analyser

SERVOPRO 4200 / 4210

Flammable gas analyser

SERVOFLEX Micro i.s 5100

Intrinsically Safe portable gas analyser

As the originAtor of And world leAder in pArAMAgnetic sensing,

servoMex’s reputAtion wAs built on this reMArKAble technology.

Where better to review our leading sensing technologies than with where it all began?

Technology Focus:

pArAMAgnetic sensors

Autumn 2011

Our industry-leading gas analyser range, matched to your industry requirements

Our new Servomex product

guide is designed to make

selecting the right analyser

for your application easier

than ever.

Simply select your industry from

the list right, and our colour

coded guide presents the most

appropriate analysers to match

your industry applications.

For more informtion about

our analysers, visit

www.ServOmex.cOm

or contact your regional

business centre.

hydrocArbon processing

MedicAl gAses

uhp seMiconduc tor MAnufAc ture

hydrogen produc tion

eMissions Monitoring

speciAlt y gAses

food & drinK

speciAlit y cheMicAls

power gener Ation

Air sepAr Ation

heliuM produc tion

iron & steel

SERVOFLEX MiniMP 5200

Portable benchtop analyser

4

New TruRef TCD TECHNOLOGY

While most Thermal Conductivity (TCD) analysers use katharometers that measure a combination of the thermal conductivity and thermal mass of the sample gas, they are unable to differentiate between heat transferred by thermal conductivity and heat transferred by thermal mass. As the heat transfer during thermal convection is proportional to the thermal mass of the gas, any change in thermal convection or thermal mass of the background gas will appear as a change in thermal conductivity. This can lead to measurement error.

Servomex’s TruRef patented technology is unique as it co-locates the reference and measure elements under isothermal conditions in the sample gas, eliminating the effects of changing sample conditions such as pressure and flow. This allows for fully symmetric loss signals other than for gaseous thermal conductivity, and therefore offers very good common mode rejection of any flow, pressure and thermal convection variations. The result is a measurement which delivers class-leading performance for drift accuracy, linearity and repeatability

KEY BENEFITS

n TruRef Thermal Conductivity measurement

n Best in Class performance for drift accuracy, linearity & repeatability

n No reference gas required with TruRef technology

n Greatly reduced calibration requirements

The SERVOPRO MultiExact with TruRef TCD is the world’s first true Thermal Conductivity process analyser, designed and manufactured by Servomex’s world-leading R&D team.

“Servomex’s development of TruRef TCD technology fulfilled two objectives: to improve the accuracy and stability of the gas measurement and deliver better cost-of-ownership to the customer. By innovating our unique TruRef technology to eliminate the transient conditions present in the sample gas, TruRef TCD is a game-changer for ASU customers who want exceptionally accurate measurements for argon and nitrogen”

CHARLES SEGAR, Product Business Manager: csegar@servomex.com

Single or multi component, the SERVOPRO series utilises a wide range of measurement technologies including Plasma/GC, FID, paramagnetic, zirconia, IR and Gfx – all delivering reliable and unrivalled performance for percentage and trace gas measurements.

PRODUCTS IN THE SERVOPRO RANGE INCLUDE:

SERVOPRO MultiExact

SERVOPRO 4100

SERVOPRO Plasma

SERVOPRO Chroma

SERVOPRO FID

What is SERVOPRO

Visit industrialgasexpert.com to find out more about the SERVOPRO MultiExact TruRef TCD and Servomex’s comprehensive range of ASU solutions.

5

SERVOMEX TRUREF TCD USES INNOVATIVE NEW TECHNOLOGY TO ELIMINATE THE MEASUREMENT ERRORS CAUSED BY CHANGING THERMAL MASS AND THERMAL CONVECTION. THIS GIVES EXCEPTIONAL MEASUREMENT ACCURACY AND STABILITY FOR Ar AND N2.

Servomex’s TruRef technology delivers the world’s first true TCD sensor: by co-locating the reference and measure elements under isothermal conditions in the same sample gas, the effects of changing sample conditions such as thermal mass and convection are eliminated. TruRef technology therefore avoids the measurement inaccuracies inherent in competitor katharometer technologies, which use a sealed reference cell or flowing reference gas. The result is exceptional accuracy and stability of measurement, making it ideal for use in product purity and process control applications. The TCD measurement is augmented by O2 Purity, O2 Control, O2 Trace, CO2

Trace and N2O Trace made by Servomex’s paramagnetic, zirconia cell and Gfx photometric technologies respectively. This delivers a highly stable, sensitive and selective measurement. Enhanced by a simple, intuitive interface that requires minimum training, the MultiExact TCD introduces a range of innovations that greatly enhance operational flexibility for ASU engineers. An advanced mA autoranging functionality is incorporated as standard, allowing users to customise measurement ranges, while a user-definable air point calibration function for O2 Trace enables greater flexibility to accept different sources of calibration oxygen. The MultiExact’s measurements are supported

by stable and robust performance optimised via a full range of communication options that includes RS232 serial communications, Ethernet connectivity and Modbus and Profibus via RS485. The MultiExact also offers NAMUR-compliant fault relay functions, allowing alarms, maintenance and service-in-progress messages to be communicated remotely. Available in bench top, panel or 19" rackmount options, the MultiExact with TruRef TCD measurement is the ideal single-unit solution for process control and product purity measurement for ASU plants, as well as for use in argon recovery – to find out more, contact your local Servomex Business Centre today.

SERVOPRO

MultiExactNow offering the world’s first true Thermal Conductivity measurement for argon and nitrogen, the Servomex SERVOPRO MultiExact further raises the standard as a comprehensive analyser solution for ASU plants.

Introducing...

with TruRef TCD

Q4 Oct-Dec 2011

Want to know more about the

MultiExact with TruRef TCD?Call your local Servomex Business Centre TODAY.

See our VIDEO INTRODUCTION to the SERVOTOUGH MultiExact atwww.industrialgasexpert.com

GAS TYPE

PERFORMANCE TECHNOLOGY

OPERATING RANGE

O2 (Purity) O2 (Control) O2 (Trace) CO2 (Trace) N2O (Trace) Ar, N2i

0-100% O2 0-100% O2 0-210,000ppm O2

0-10ppm CO2 0-20ppm N2O 10%, 20% 50%, 100%

Paramagnetic(Pm)

Paramagnetic(Pm)

Zirconia (Zr) Infrared (Gfx) Infrared (Gfx) Thermal Conductivity (TCD)

P R O D U C T F O C U S

SERVOPRO is Servomex’s range of rack mounted or bench mounted analysers for safe area use.

Utilising the latest Tuneable Diode Laser (TDL) technology, the SERVOTOUGH LaserSP offers users a fast response time, highly stable performance and minimum sample conditioning requirements with no moving parts and consumables, making it the ideal analyser for cross-stack measurements in hot, dirty and hazardous combustion environments.

By combining precision technologies with a rugged and resistant Servomex design, the LaserSP delivers best solution for in-situ cross stack measurements in extreme or harsh environments. The result is stable, accurate and reliable combustion gas analysis, bringing exceptional control, improved performance and peace-of-mind to your combustion processes.

Delivering short response times, minimum sample conditioning requirements and no moving parts or consumables, the LaserSP is the ideal choice for in-situ cross stack measurements in combustion control applications.

This flexibility of measurement makes the LaserSP ideal for use in a wide range of combustion applications, including combustion control systems and in slippage control in deNox.

High sensitivity continuous in-situ monitoring with detection limits in the ppb and low ppm ranges

Zero cross interference from other gases present

Fast response times down to one second possible depending on application

Robust construction (protection classified to IP66)

Ethernet connector to enable communication via a local area network or the internet

Fully configurable to individual customer processes

THE SERVOTOUGH LaserSP: THE WORLD’S LEADING IN-SITU PROCESS GAS ANALYSER FOR COMBUSTION CONTROL.

SERVOTOUGH

LaserSP 2900

SERVOTOUGH

FluegasExact 2700Although the science of generating power by burning fossil fuels is well established, the control of the air-fuel ratio for maximum fuel efficiency paradoxically remains a challenge for any coal power operator. While the process appears straightforward – any coal-fired power station requires an excess of oxygen (O2 in air) above the stoichiometric (chemically ideal) quantity to achieve complete combustion – the process is complex to control. Any inefficiencies not only affect profitability but have a direct bearing on the plant’s environmental impact.Insufficient O2 results in more carbon monoxide (CO) being produced, unburned fuel in the flue gases and generates excessive particulates (smoke, measured as opacity). As opacity is often closely regulated, it is undesirable to emit excessive smoke so plants typically introduce excess O2 to the process. However too much O2 leads to cooler burning, causing a reduction in combustion efficiency due to an increased loss of heat, while the excess of O2 available combines with nitrogen and sulphur dioxide to produce undesirable NOx and SO3 emissions.

To complicate matters, the optimum air-fuel ratio continually varies as a result of changes in the loading conditions, fuel composition and particle size.Traditional control systems rely on a measurement of the O2 level in the flue gases, plus a separate measurement of combustibles and/or CO. In most cases the oxygen and combustibles are measured at different points in the plant with separate instruments that inevitably have different response times. In practice, this means that the O2 level may creep up until the air flow has to be reduced, but the effect of this is not seen until minutes later when the combustibles analyser responds. As the O2 level will have been reduced too far ‘breakthrough’ occurs – the point at which unburned fuel in the gas stream rises from insignificant levels to hundreds or thousands of parts per million for a very small change in O2. The air flow has to be increased again, and the cycle continues with continuous ‘hunting’ either side of the ideal control point.The solution is the development of rapid response combustion analysers that measure both O2 and combustibles at the same point. The Servomex SERVOTOUGH FluegasExact (2700) achieves this using a combination of a patented zirconium oxide cell for measuring O2 and a ‘thick film’ catalytic sensor for combustibles. Both of these technologies are highly reliable, non-depleting and require no need for a sampling system to condition the gases. Response times (T90) are better than 20 seconds for O2 and 30 seconds for combustibles, meaning the process can be closely controlled and ‘breakthrough’ detected extremely rapidly. As a result, power plants can be routinely operated much closer to the optimum air-fuel ratio.

The benefits are quickly evident in cases where plants have used excess O2. The FluegasExact enables O2 reduction with corresponding reduction in CO emissions and an increase in combustion efficiency – and, therefore, profitability. As running a plant with 1.5% excess of O2 above the ideal level typically results in a 1 per cent increase in fuel costs, this improvement in efficiency delivers fuel cost savings which pay for the analyser system in a matter of months.Further economic advantages are created for operators in countries where mechanisms exist for trading of NOx credits, where significant reductions make the resulting NOx credits more valuable than the fuel savings. The reduced loading on any NOx cleanup equipment can also reduce the running costs, while maintenance costs will reduce for plants which run fuel-rich and suffer from increased particulate levels.Finally a better quality ash by-product can be produced for resale to brick and tarmac companies, with the optimised O2 mix helping regulate the CO level which, if too high, makes the resulting ash too black to use.

The new SERVOTOUGH FluegasExact integrates Servomex’s proven gas sensing technologies with a unique new flow sensor technology to give users total confidence in their combustion gas measurements.

Armed with an integral sampling system, custom-designed for operation in some of the most extreme combustion environments of up to 1750°C (3182°F), the FluegasExact is the analyser of choice for the most demanding power generation applications.

At the heart of the SERVOTOUGH FluegasExact’s exceptional performance are Servomex’s patented zirconium oxide cell for oxygen measurement and a thick film catalytic sensor for measuring carbon monoxide and COe combustibles.

Able to measure O2 on a wet basis, the FluegasExact’s advanced zirconia technology requires no external sample conditioning system, while minimal calibration requirements and a long operational life of up to ten years ensure reduced maintenance costs. Thick film calorimeter technology monitors CO levels with high precision, giving sufficient sensitivity and speed of response to enable the combustion process to be continuously optimised for increased process safety and efficiency.

KEY BENEFITS

High sensitivity sensor: ranges 0-500ppm to 0-2000ppm

High range sensor: ranges 0-1500ppm to 6000ppm

Suitable for high temperature operation up to 1750°C (3182°F)

Internal flow sensor

Backlit LCD display, with easy to use software

Autocalibration facility and utilities panel

Blowback facility

Control unit certified for non-hazardous, ATEX Category 3 or FM Class 1, Div 2

4" ANSI 150lbs flange as standard with adaptors to suit other flange types

Sensor head mounting options

6 7

Main FEATURES

Q4 Oct-Dec 2011

Watch our VIDEO INTRODUCTIONS to the FluegasExact 2700, LaserSP 2900 & efficient combustion analysis atwww.combustion-expert.com

Visit combustion-expert.com

to access our free resource of white papers,

podcasts and videos on maximising your

combustion efficiency

CONTROLLING AMMONIA SLIP

The effective reduction of NOx emissions is a key objective for power plant engineers, with important benefits for the efficiency of the combustion process – as well as meeting legislative requirements.

Power plants use either selective catalytic reduction (SCR) or selective non-catalytic reduction (SNCR processes) to reduce NOx emissions.

In both processes temperature control is important, as low temperatures can cause a wasteful and costly surplus of unreacted ammonia (NH3), commonly referred to as ammonia slip. In addition, high temperatures can increase levels of NOx consumed. Ammonia slip may also have an important impact on deposition and plugging of the catalyst, as well as corrosion of the air pre-heater located downstream of the process.

In coal fired plants, excessive slip can also create fly ash with high levels of NH3 which is then unusable for sale.

Ammonia slip is difficult without direct measurement as many parameters influence the slip such as inlet NOx, fuel composition and catalyst performance, while a carefully controlled ammonia slip of < 2ppm is required to optimize the process. While difficult to achieve with traditional extractive and Infra-Red techniques, the TDL measurement technology used by the SERVOTOUGH LaserSP delivers the complete and effective solution to accurate ammonia slip control.

With the LaserSP installed in-situ, NH3 is easily identified to enable precise monitoring and control of NH3 concentration below the requisite 2ppm. As the cross duct installation gives an average rather than a point reading from an extractive sample, levels can be measured with much greater certainty in the measurement.

As the NH3 sample remains in the process, complications experienced with sample transports used in extractive methods are avoided, as well as contaminant problems from dust, heat and water. Plant operators also avoid the downtime required for the calibration or cleaning of extractive systems.

SERVOTOUGH

LaserSP 2900SERVOTOUGH

FluegasExact 2700

THE HEAT IS ON:Maximising EFFICIENCYIN

POWER PLANTS

A P P L I C A T I O N F O C U S

98

PrinciplesServomex’s paramagnetic sensors take advantage of the unusual magnetic properties displayed by oxygen (O2). In displaying an exceptionally high magnetic susceptibility several hundred times greater than that of most other gases, this sensitivity to magnetic fields can be used for an exceptionally accurate O2 measurement.

Servomex’s magnetodynamic analyser consists of a small dumbbell-shaped body made of glass and charged with nitrogen, a light source, a photocell, a mirror, and a calibrated indicating unit. The dumbbell body is suspended in an enclosed test cell within the magnetic field of a permanent magnet and left free to rotate in the space between the

poles of the magnet. Since the dumbbell body has negative magnetic susceptibility because of its nitrogen content, the balls of the dumbbell naturally deflect slightly away from the point of maximum magnetic field strength.

When a test sample containing O2 is introduced into the test cell, the O2 in the sample is attracted to the point of maximum field strength: the magnitude of dumbbell displacement is proportional to the amount of O2 in the sample.

The movement of the dumbbell is detected by a light beam from a light source exterior to the test cell, then reflected from a mirror on the dumbbell body to an exterior photocell. The photocell generates a feedback current

which is used to “lock” the dumbbell in place. The feedback current changes as the O2 concentration changes, ensuring that the dumbbell continues to be “locked” in place.

This feedback current provides the measure of the O2 concentration: the output of the photocell is amplified and transmitted to an indicating unit that is calibrated to read out the O2 content in the test sample.

The magnetodynamic technology provides a direct measurement of magnetic susceptibility and consequently is not influenced by the thermal properties of the background gas. Since the difference in magnetic susceptibility between the dumbbell and the gas sample

is very subtle for low O2 concentrations, this method is most suitable for percent levels of O2. With excellent speed of response, the non-depleting technology offers reduced calibration requirements, long life and low cost-of-ownership in comparison to other O2 sensing technologies such as electrochemical cells.

Typical UsageParamagnetic oxygen analysers have a wide range of uses. They are used in the analysis of combustion efficiency, testing the purity of breathing air and protective atmospheres, for laboratory measurements and in medical applications, and for selected industrial process monitoring and control applications.

Paramagnetic: KEY ANALYSERSMUTUAL

ttractionA SERVOTOUGH Oxy Award-winning intrinsically safe oxygen analyser

SERVOPRO 1440Gas analyser suitable for laboratories and testing

SERVOTOUGH 1800Safe area oxygen analyser

SERVOTOUGH OxyExact 2200Process oxygen analysers

SERVOPRO MultiExactMultigas analyser

SERVOPRO 4100Multigas analyser

SERVOPRO 4200/4210Flammable gas analyser

SERVOFLEX Micro i.s 5100Intrinsically Safe portable gas analyser

AS THE ORIGINATOR OF AND WORLD LEADER IN PARAMAGNETIC SENSING, SERVOMEX’S REPUTATION WAS BUILT ON THIS REMARKABLE TECHNOLOGY. Where better to review our leading sensing technologies than with where it all began?

Technology Focus:PARAMAGNETIC SENSORS

Q4 Oct-Dec 2011

Our industry-leading gas analyser range, matched to your industry requirements

Our new Servomex product guide is designed to make selecting the right analyser for your application easier than ever.

Simply select your industry from the list right, and our colour coded guide presents the most appropriate analysers to match your industry applications.

For more information about our analysers, visit

WWW.SERVOMEX.COM or contact your regional business centre.

HYDROCARBON PROCESSING

MEDICAL GASES

UHP SEMICONDUC TOR MANUFAC TURE

HYDROGEN PRODUC TION

EMISSIONS MONITORING

SPECIALT Y GASES

FOOD & DRINK

SPECIALT Y CHEMICALS

POWER GENER ATION

AIR SEPAR ATION

HELIUM PRODUC TION

IRON & STEEL

SERVOFLEX MiniMP 5200 Portable benchtop analyser

HYDROCARBON PROCESSING

Q4 Oct-Dec 2011

SERVOTOUGHFluegasExact 2700For control combustion in SMR processes

DELTA FDF-320ECertified to measure trace oxygen in H2 in a hazardous area

DELTA FDF-320EIdeal for hazardous area measurement of trace O2 in polymer grade feedstocks

DELTA FDF-550EUltra-trace ppt oxygen analyser

DELTA FDF-560ELowest level ultra-trace ppt oxygen analysis available

DELTA FDF-740/750High sensitivity ppt LDL moisture analyser

DELTA FDF-745Sub-ppb moisture analyser

DELTA FDF-760EDual sub-ppb oxygen and moisture measurement

DELTA FDF-370EDustproof, waterproof, explosion proof trace O2 measurement for polymer grade feedstocks

SERVOPROMultiExact (O2) Flexible multigas analyser with oxygen purity and trace measurements

SERVOPRO4100Flexible multigas analyser meets regional Pharmacopoeia

SERVOPROChromaApplication specific % gas analyser validates nitrogen purity as per European Pharmacopeia

SERVOFLEXMiniMP 5200Portable analyser validates purity during transfilling operations

SERVOPROChromaFlexible sub-ppb LDL gas analyser for N2 & Ar measurements

SERVOPROChromaTrace measurement ensures quality control

DELTA FDF-310EPremium oxygen analyser measures trace oxygen in medical grade nitrogen

DELTA FDF-150EVersatile oxygen analyser

SERVOTOUGHOxy 1900 Award-winning paramagnetic oxygen analyser suitable for oxidation and inerting applications

SERVOTOUGHLaserCompact 2900High sensitivity in-situ TDL analyser optimised for short path lengths and fast on-line process measurements

SERVOTOUGHOxyExact 2200 High accuracy paramagnetic oxygen analyser for safety-critical oxidation

SERVOTOUGHSpectraExact 2500Robust process gas infra-red analyser for percent to ppm measurements

HYDROCARBON PROCESSING

HYDROCARBON PROCESSING

MEDICAL GASES

UHP SEMICONDUC TOR MANUFAC TURE

HYDROGEN PRODUC TION

UHP SEMICONDUC TOR MANUFAC TUREMEDICAL GASES

SERVOTOUGHLaserSP 2900High sensitivity in-situ or TDL analyser for combustion, emissions or low oxygen measurements

SERVOTOUGHFluegasExact 2700High performance fluegas analyser for O2 and COe combustibles with unique flow diagnostics

The specific Servomex sensing technologies each analyser uses is highlighted through our easy-reference technology icons – please refer to the table on the right for our icon guide.

Given the wide range of Servomex products, we have been careful to match the most appropriate and widely-used analysers to each industry. If you however require a different analyser type, are a customer working outside the categories listed, or have a specific analyser requirement, contact your local Servomex Business Centre and they will be happy to help.

This Product Guide is the easy-to-use guide to Servomex analysers. Key analysers have been grouped by industry, with a brief description of their principle functions and relevant applications.

1110

SERVOTOUGHLaserCompact For O2 control in H2 production by electrolysis

Zirconia

Gas Filter Correlation

Calorimetry

Thermal Conductivity

Paramagnetic

Infra-Red

Tunable Diode Laser Spectroscopy

Flame Ionisation Detector

Gas Chromatography

Plasma

Laser Moisture

Coulometric

Help is at hand. Contact your local business centre or visit www.servomex.com

Need ANALYSER ADVICE?

Technology Icon Key

Q4 Oct-Dec 2011

SERVOPRO1440Single or dual measurement of O2, CO, CO2 or CH4 – ideal for Source Testers

SERVOPRO4900Continuous Emissions Analyser with multiple gas capability

SERVOTOUGHSpectraExact 2500Single or dual component gas analysis for emissions

SERVOTOUGHSpectraExact 2500Newly upgraded photometric analyser offering single or multipass O2 measurements

SERVOPROMultiExact‘Next generation’ digital multigas analyser

SERVOPRO4100Flexible multigas analyser with up to 4 simultaneous measurements

SERVOPRO4210Flammable gas analyser suitable for specialty gas mixtures

DELTA FDF-745SGTrace moisture analyser optimised for specialty gas blends production

DELTA FDF-550EUltra-trace PPT oxygen analyser

DELTA FDF-310EHighly sensitive and versatile trace oxygen analyser

SERVOTOUGHLaserExactTrace level measurements in pure gases (e.g. CO in H2, NH3 in CO2)

SERVOPROPlasmaFor continuous monitoring of nitrogen in argon and/or helium

SERVOPROFIDTrace hydrocarbon analyser

SERVOPROChromaVersatile trace gas analyser

SERVOTOUGH1800Accurate and stable oxygen analyser for safe area use

SERVOTOUGH1800Continuous MAP headspace monitoring of O2 level

SERVOTOUGHOxy 1900Award-winning Intrinsically Safe oxygen analyser

SERVOTOUGHOxy 1900Award-winning paramagnetic O2 oxygen analyser suitable for hazardous area use

SERVOTOUGHOxyExactHigh specification process oxygen analyser for hazardous and safe area use

SERVOTOUGHFluegasExact 2700Fluegas combustion gas analyser

SERVOPRO4100Multigas analyser for MAP headspace monitoring of O2 level

SERVOFLEXMini Food PackFor monitoring Modified Atmosphere Packaging (MAP), including O2 in coffee and CO2 in fresh meat.

SPECIALT Y CHEMICALS

1312

FOOD & BEVER AGE

SERVOTOUGHLaserSP 2900Monitors wide range pf gases in hot, dangerous environments

EMISSIONS MONITORING

SPECIALT Y GASES

SPECIALT Y GASES

SPECIALT Y GASES FOOD & BEVER AGE

SERVOTOUGHSpectraExact 2500Single or dual component gas analysis for trace analysis of solvents or liquids

SERVOTOUGHLaserCompact For measurement of H2O in C2H4, Cl2 or HCl in EDC/VCM/chlor-alkali plants

SERVOTOUGHLaserExactMeasurement of HCl in VCM plants

SPECIALT Y CHEMICALS

SERVOFLEXMicro i.sIntrinsically Safe portable gas analyser

SERVOTOUGHLaserSP 2900Monitors wide range pf gases in hot, dangerous environments

SPECIALT Y CHEMICALS IRON & STEEL

SERVOPRO4100Established multigas analyser ideal for monitoring O2 in air separation processes

SERVOTOUGHLaserSP 2900Leading in-situ TDL combustion analyser, ideal for O2 analysis in hazardous foundry environments

SERVOPROMultiExactLatest generation digital analyser ideal for monitoring O2 in air separation processes

IRON & STEEL

Help is at hand. Contact your local business centre or visit www.servomex.com

Need ANALYSER ADVICE?

Q4 Oct-Dec 2011

SERVOTOUGHLaserSPTDL cross stack combustion analyser ideal for hot, dangerous environments

SERVOTOUGHFluegasExact 2700Industry-leading fluegas combustion gas analyser for O2 and/or COe

SERVOPROMultiExactFlexible multigas analyser with new TruRef TCD technology

SERVOTOUGHMultiExact‘Next generation’ digital multigas analyser

SERVOTOUGH4100Flexible multigas analyser with up to 4 simultaneous measurements

SERVOPROPlasmaFor continuous measurement of trace N2 in helium

SERVOPROChromaTrace analyser suitable for monitoring trace impurities in processing high-quality helium gas

SERVOPRO4100Flexible multigas analyser with up to 4 simultaneous measurements

SERVOPROPlasmaFor continuous monitoring of nitrogen in argon

SERVOPROFIDTrace hydrocarbon analyser

DELTA FDF-310EHigh sensitivity digital trace oxygen analyser

DELTA FDF-150EVersatile oxygen analyser

SERVOPROChromaMeasures trace N2 in crude Ar, total hydrocarbon and Ar purity

SERVOFLEXMicro i.sIntrinsically Safe portable gas analyser

POWER GENER ATION

AIR SEPAR ATION

HELIUM PRODUC TION

14

SERVOFLEXMiniMPPortable benchtop analyser for measuring O2 and CO2

AIR SEPAR ATION

From air separation to semiconductor manufacture, Servomex has the complete system solution for your gas

analysis needs. Visit industrialgasexpert.com

or contact your local business centre

WE BELIEVE A

LIFETIME OF USE MEANS A

LIFETIME OF USE.

Servomex offers a complete range of service and support packages to enable your combustion processes run with optimum efficiency, safety and profitability for the long term.

Our local-for-local support ensures your plants deliver the most cost-effective and reliable performance, assuring maximised uptime and total peace-of-mind.

Delivered through our Global Business Centres, operations across the world can rely on the fast response of Servomex to sustain the full lifespan of our analysers.

We offer comprehensive support on service and maintenance, high-quality replacement parts and in-depth training and technical support – delivering the total support solution for any operator requiring trouble-free gas monitoring.

So whatever your service requirements, we are ready to help – call your local Servomex business centre today.

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