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Basaveshwar Engineering College (Autonomous), Bagalkot.Department of Instrumentation Technology

“PIC Microcontroller”

Seminar Guide : Prof. Santosh B. K.Presented by: Sagar S. Sarvade

USN: 2BA09IT015 Roll: 12

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Content

• What is microcontroller?• PIC microcontrollers• Features of PIC16F84• Architecture of PIC16F84

1. CPU2. status register3. memory

• INTCON register• Instruction set• Advantages & limitations

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What is a microcontroller?

• It is a computer on a single chip.

• A single chip contain processor, RAM & ROM memory, clock, & I/O control unit.

• It is also called as “system on chip”.

• Microcontrollers are designed for embedded applications.

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PIC Microcontrollers

• Peripheral Interface Controller(PIC) is a family of microcontrollers by Microchip Technology.

• Harvard architecture.• 3 types:

a. 12-bit instruction word MCUb. 14-bit instruction word MCUc. 16-bit instruction word MCU

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Features of PIC16F84:

• 14-bit instruction word• 18 pin device• 13 I/O pins• 68 bytes of RAM• 1k word of program

ROM• 64 bytes of EEPROM• One 8-bit timer• One watchdog timer

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Architecture of PIC16F84

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CPU:

• It has instruction decoder, ALU, control unit.• It has only one accumulator, called as working

register.• Supports RISC architecture.• Has 35 simple instructions.• Execution time is very less.(approx. 0.2µs)

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Status register:

• RPO: register bank select• TO: watchdog timer time-out bit• PD: power down bit• z: zero bit• DC: digital carry bit• C: carry bit

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Memory:

Program memory:• 13-bit program counter• 8 stack level of 13-bit• Reset vector &

peripheral interrupt vector.

• Only 1k memory is implemented.

• Remaining is left unimplemented

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Data memory:

• 2 register banks• Bank is selected by bit-5

of status register.• 68 bytes for general

purpose

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INTCON register:

• GIE: global interrupt enable• EEIE: EE write complete interrupt• TOIE: TMRO timer overflow interrupt• INTE: INT external interrupt• RBIE: RB port change interrupt• TOIF: TMRO overflow flag• INTF: external interrupt flag• RBIF: RB port change interrupt flag

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Instruction set:

• Only 35 instructions.• 3 types of instructions:

1. Byte-orientedEx: a) addwf f,d, b)andwf f,d. etc..

2. Bit-orientedEx: a)bcf f, b, b)bsf f, b. etc..

3. Literal & control operationsEx: a)addlw k, b)andlw k etc..

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Advantages:

• Easy to learn• Fast execution due

to RISC architecture.• Inexpensive• Wide range of

interfaces including USB, USART.

Limitations:

• Only one working register.

• Register bank switching required to access entire RAM.

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Conclusion:

• Thus PIC microcontrollers are easier to program for interfacing, & has Fast response.

• PIC microcontrollers can be used for industrial purpose.

• small and inexpensive PIC microcontrollers can be used for hobby and educational purpose.

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References:

• PIC microcontrollers by Elsevier, edition 2008• The Quintessential PIC Microcontroller by Sid

Katzen• www.microchip.com• www.slideshare.com

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Thank you….

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Any queries???