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Our Mob

An system for appropriate social networking in the Indigenous Community

PhD Candidate: Chris RauchleSupervisor: Dr Steve CassidyMCDC10 Friday, 11 June 2010URL: http://sites.google.com/site/crauchlethesis/documents/Seminar_2010%5B2%5D.pptx?attredirects=0&d=1

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Coming up

1. Current modes of media use in Indigenous Communities

2. Requirements related to media use in the Indigenous Community

3. Ideas on how to support these requirements using technology

4. My project plan for a system to test these ideas

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Existing communications

• Voice - a lot of issues with phone plans• SMS - affinity with indigenous expression• PANs (Bluetooth, DVD, VHS, filesharing)• Email - free hotmail• You Tube• Paper from Inge Kral at CAEPR @ ANU

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Indigenous IT – Krall’s example SMSs

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Indigenous IT – Public computer use

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Indigenous IT – Making music

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Facebook - the awful truth

• Requires Literacy• Requires expensive equipment• Requires a data plan (broadband or mobile)• Requires a private area (most equipment public)• Does not have Rights Management over individual pieces of media• Does not have Asset Management - can’t find media by a searching

or protect it by local backup• Unsupported by current network infrastructure – may be no

network so idea of being always connected doesn’t work

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Rights Management for:

• Class and Gender restrictions• Location + Temporality• Secret/Sacred• Mortuary restrictions• Bullying• Privacy• Intend to extend social norms into the IT system that

currently doesn’t support them…not replace ‘good manners’ with a machine

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Class and Gender

• Men’s business• Women’s business• Lawman’s business

• Questions on these issues may result in silence or misdirection as discussion of them is impolite/rude/forbidden

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Location

• Geotagging - some things may only be discussed in/out of Country or a region

• Indigenous Spirituality believes People continue to inhabit Country after they have been there

• Remote experience of country• Augmented reality experience of country• BingMaps live mashups of 3D• Google/Bing Maps Earth/Sky overlays of historical

Country

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Temporality

• Media may need embargo or to expire after a certain date

• Other restrictions may be relaxable after a period of time - non Indigenous equivalents: official secrets act, declassification

• Copyright may never be allowed (NI = 75 years)• Some secrets must never be divulged

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Mortuary restrictions

• No media showing a person for a period after they die• No speaking the name of a person who has died• No display of objects related to person/event• No group talk about death of a person (subject

demands a one on one conversation)• Selective removal/pixelation of person

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Jock McKeon

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Bullying

• Small connected communities mean that existing facebook style ‘defriend’ is irrelevant/inappropriate

• Cyberbullying needs moderation• Frictionless nature of social media• Betrayal of trust, what can you do to expire your own

media if it falls into the wrong hands?

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3rd party betrayal of trust

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3rd party betrayal of trust

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3rd party betrayal of trust

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3rd party betrayal of trust

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3rd party betrayal of trust

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3rd party betrayal of trust

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3rd party betrayal of trust

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How do we accomplish this?

• MPEG1, 2 and 4 are file standards for audio/video• MPEG 7 is an annotation standard producing

information about content and describing the creation of the media

• MPEG 21 is a mechanism to enforce viewer control, monetisation and location/temporal restrictions on media expression

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Asset Management

• A prototype using these technologies will test whether media protection is enforceable

• Personal ownership of data - PANs, Bonjour• Retaining rights in the file - MXF• Encryption• Long life storage

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Product Breakdown

Our MobProducer/Consumer

PresentationMPEG CodecsMPEG1,2&4

Asset Management

Storage/Retrieval(MXF containers)

AnnotationMpeg7

NetworkBonjour,

BlueTooth, Mesh,3G

SecurityAccess control

MPEG21Certificati

on

Circles of TrustOpen Social

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Future Research

• Customer base seems to exist• Requires easy to administer rights management• Personal storage under personal control• Next Steps - is this something that should be

prototyped with a community?

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References

• Chose what happens next, American Ad Council, USA 2010, http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pGkaw44-Ql4&playnext_from=TL&videos=cXdpSokXRy4

• The Manahattana Project http://themannahattaproject.org/explore/mannahatta-map/• Deger, Jennifer, Shimmering Screens: Making Media in an Aboriginal Community, University of Minnesota Press,

USA, 2006• Kral, Inge, Plugged in: Remote Australian Indigenous youth and Digital Culture, CAEPR WORKING PAPER No.

69/2010, http://www.anu.edu.au/caepr/Publications/WP/2010WP69.php• Benchmark policies: Kinship Placements,

http://www.kidsguardian.nsw.gov.au/accreditation/benchmark-policies/Section%201.5b• Michaels, Eric, Bad Aboriginal Art: Tradition, Media and Technological Horizons, University of Minnesota Press,

USA, 1994• Norris, Ray, Aboriginal Astronomy, CSIRO, 2007, http://

www.atnf.csiro.au/research/AboriginalAstronomy/index.html