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Lockheed Martin’s

Semi-Active Laser (SAL) Seeker Family

Lockheed Martin’s

Semi-Active Laser (SAL) Seeker Family

Distribution A: Approved for Public Release; Unlimited Distribution

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The Semi-Active Laser Seeker Family

• A smart multi-mission missile/rocket

• Main armament for armed helicopters; Apache, Cobra, OH-58, Seahawk, and Australian Tiger and soon French Tiger

• Semi-active laser (SAL) seeker

• Warheads

− High explosive antitank (HEAT)

− Metal augmented charge (MAC)

− Blast fragmentation

− Augmented high explosive anti-tank

MetalAugmented Charge

Blast Fragmentation Warhead

High Explosive Antitank

AGM-114K

AGM-114M

AGM-114N

AGM-114KA

Augmented High Explosive Anti-Tank

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The Semi-Active Laser Seeker Family

• 8 km max

• Mach 1.3• 12s to 3.75 km• 37s to 8 km

• Hits laser spot <1M

• All known armor• Ships• Bunkers/buildings

• Lock-on before launch (LOBL)• Lock-on after launch (LOAL)

– Direct– Low– High

• 1 missile every 8s (1 laser)• 1 missile every 2s (2 lasers)

• Helicopters• Wheeled/tracked vehicles• Manportable tripod• Patrol boats

HELLFIRE II Characteristics

DAGR Objective Characteristics

Range

Speed/Time of Flight

Accuracy

Lethality

Firing Modes

Multiple Target

Engagement Launchers

Built-in-Test

• 7 km max

• Light vehicles• Bunkers/buildings

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AH-1Z SH-60/70B MH-60 Eurocopter TigerOH-58D

MD-500

AH-64

AgustaUH-1 Upgrades

AH-1W

Objective Compatibility with HELLFIREPlatforms

ARH-70

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Apache System Integration

M299 Launcher

Fire Control RadarArrowhead MTADS/PNVSLockheed Martin

High Explosive Anti-Tank

Blast Fragmentation

Augmented High Explosive Anti-Tank

Metal Augmented Charge

High Explosive Anti-Tank Millimeter Wave - Longbow

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AH1-Z Cobra System IntegrationTargeting Sight System

Lockheed Martin

M299 Launcher

High Explosive Anti-Tank

Blast Fragmentation

Metal Augmented Charge

Augmented High Explosive Anti-Tank

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AH1-W Cobra System IntegrationNight Targeting System (NTS)

Kollsman

M299 Launcher

High Explosive Anti-Tank

Blast Fragmentation

Metal Augmented Charge

Augmented High Explosive Anti-Tank

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Tiger System Integration

M299 Launcher

Strix/NightowlSAGEM

High Explosive Anti-Tank

Blast Fragmentation

Metal Augmented Charge

Augmented High Explosive Anti-Tank

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Light Helicopters

•Up to 2 launchers per side using 2-rail version of M310 launcher

• Increases helicopter’s versatility with immediate autonomous engagement capability

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Other Rotary-Wing Platforms

• Meet mission objectives• Minimal aircraft impact • Line installable/removable kit• Maximum use of non-

development items (NDI)

UH-60 Blackhawk

SH-60/70B Seahawk*SH-60/70B Seahawk*

M299 LauncherM299 LauncherHELLFIRE MissileHELLFIRE Missile

DAGRDAGR

* This is an artist depiction of the DAGR 4-pack launcher and how it could apply to the SH-60 Seahawk platform.

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Employment Decision Matrix

• First: Target Set Evaluation and Definition

− Target type (armor, bunker, trucks)− Single or multiple target(s)− Environmental constraints (collateral

damage)− Tactical situation

• Second: Designation Method– Autonomous– Remote

• Third: Launch Mode and Trajectory− Lock-on before launch (LOBL)

• Direct trajectory– Lock-on after launch (LOAL)

• Direct trajectory• Lo trajectory• Hi trajectory

• Fourth: Launch Weapon− Missile Warhead selection

•Long Standoff Ranges•High Pk

•Wide Target Spectrum•Low Exposure Time

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Designators

RPV

Mast-MountedNose-Mounted

Pod-Mounted

Other

Roof-Mounted

Maximum Employment FlexibilityTiger

Apache AH-64D

SH-60BGround

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Autonomous and Remote Designation

Remote Designation

Electro-Optical Targeting System

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Semi-Active Laser Designation

• Narrow laser pulses coded by intervals• Designator and missile seeker commanded to the same code• Laser designator selects target and aimpoint• Missile flies to laser spot

–Engages all target types–Performance is a function of laser transmission

• Laser can be held on target manually or by automatic tracking function

SAL seekers track to timed sequence of pulsed laser energy reflected from target.

Coded for Robust Performance

Reflected EnergyReturns

Reflected EnergyReturns

TransmittedPulses

TransmittedPulses

Received Laser Pulses

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Overspill

Underspill

Underspill / Overspill Rejection

HELLFIRE II is less susceptible to false reflectionsfrom laser underspill or overspill.

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Lock-On Before Launch – Direct(LOBL - Direct)

Trajectory Altitude of 200 – 1,900 ft Depending on Target Range

LOBL

Autonomous or

Remote

Autonomous or

Remote

Quickest Most Direct Method

Range

Minimum Maximum

DAGR Objective 500M 5 km

HELLFIRE II 500M 7 km

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Lock-On After Launch – Direct(LOAL - DIR)

Trajectory Altitude of 300 - 500 ft

LOAL-DIRLock-On

Autonomous or

Remote

Autonomous or

Remote

Lower Trajectory for Shorter Flight Time

Range

Minimum Maximum

DAGR Objective 1.5 km 7 km

HELLFIRE II 1.5 km 8 km

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HELLFIRE II Flexibility = Survivability

Remote DesignationLOALHi or Lo Trajectory

Buddy/Remote Designator Target

Target

Helo Acquires Helo Designates

Helo Fires

Autonomous DesignationLOALHi or Lo Trajectory

Lock-On After Launch – High or Low(LOAL – Hi / Lo)

6 to 8 Seconds of Missile Flight Require Designation

Allowing Maximum Maneuverability During

Launch Sequence(Fire, Duck and Cover,

Designate)

LOAL- Lo Altitude 500 – 1,000 ft LOAL - Hi Altitude 1,500 – 1,900 ft

Range

Min (Low) Max (Low) Min (High) Max (High)

DAGR Objective 1.5 km 7 km 1.5 km 7 km

HELLFIRE II 2 km 8 km 3.5 km 8 km

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HELLFIRE II optimizes flexibility with multiple trajectory options to meet range and obscurant requirements.

Trajectory Shaping

Range (km)8 104 60 2

LOBL

LOAL

Hi

Lo

Direct 183m

274m

488m

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Survivability

Typical Battlefield

Threats

Typical HelicopterWeapons

Guns

Missiles

Guns (mm)

2.75 inRockets

Missiles

Range (km)0 642 8

Blowpipe

SA-7

SA-16, SA-13 and AT-6

StingerSA-9 & 14

SA-19

AH-1F M19720& GIAT 30-78

Hydra 70 / CRV-7 with DAGRObjective Survivability

Norinco 90

M230 Chain Gun (AH-64)

SpiralHOTTOW

Swift

Vulcan & ZSU-23

Norinco 37

ZPU 57and

Bofors 40Marconi 35

HELLFIRE

Lockheed Martin’s SAL Family outranges the threat

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Precision-guided (SAL) projectile for 155mm cannon

• SAL seeker -derivative of LARS

• Reliability growth program

• 27,853 projectiles produced

• >92% reliability

Modular missile system provides multiple warheads and guidance systems

• Advanced seeker technology from Copperhead

• Seeker in production

• Air-to-ground expertise

• Electronic counter-countermeasure capability

• High reliability• >35,000 produced

DAGR Is Based On Lockheed Martin’s Ex-tensive SAL Guidance Background

SAL guided 2.75” / 70mm rocket

• Air-to-ground expertise from HELLFIRE/Longbow

• Electronic counter-countermeasure capability

• High reliability

LM first successful demo of semi active laser (SAL) on 2.75” / 70mm (1969 -1972)

• First proportional lead guidance(PLG) system

• 18 successful flights - ground- and air-launched

HELLFIRE II DAGR ObjectiveLARS Copperhead

DAGR leverages Lockheed Martin’s experience and technology

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DAGR• Lockheed Martin Missiles and Fire Control is developing an aftermarket

semi-active laser seeker for the CRV-7 and Hydra 70 rocket family capable of– Lock-on before launch (LOBL)– Lock-on after launch (LOAL)

• Its semi-active laser seeker with inertial measurement unit technology enables– Inertial guidance

• Offset launch• Inertial navigation

• The high explosive and blast fragmentation 4.5 and 7.7 kg warheads are effective against – Personnel– Bunkers/buildings– Light vehicles

• A precision guided 2.75” / 70mm rocket minimizes collateral damage while maximizing precision strike capability

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Features, Objective Characteristics and Benefits

Navigation Inertial measurement unit and semi-active laser terminal guidance

Launcher/Rack 4-tube launcher and HELLFIRE compatible

Fits HELLFIRE Launchers and Platforms

Minimum net trainingMinor platform impact

Built-In-Test 96.4% reliability

Azimuth Offset (Seeker Field-of-View)

±15 field-of-view

Full inertial measurement unitEnables wide offset shotsCompensates for tip-off and prop wash issues

Precision within minimum and maximum range

1m circular-error probability

Flexible Laser Coding Pulse repetition frequency is cockpit programmable

Warhead 4.5 and 7.7 kg high explosive capable and blast fragmentation warhead

Load-out4 DAGRs per M299 rail16 DAGRs per pylon

DAGR Objective Characteristics

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Directional Attack Guided Rocket (DAGR)

Power

Electronics

SeekerCAS

Warhead

Rocket Motor

Rocket Motor

Warhead

Fuze

Lockheed Martin Solution

Existing 2.75 “ / 70mm Rocket

Lockheed Martin’s DAGR SAL guidance package applies to the CRV-7 and Hydra 70mm rocket family

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• Designed

• Fabricated

DAGR Development Status

Smart Launcher

Guided Rocket

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Rocket Motor

Warhead

Fuze

Unguided Rockets, Warhead and Fuze

CRV-7

Hydra 70

Warhead

FuzeRocket Motor

Weight 10.5 kg (4.5 kg HE warhead) / 13.6 kg (7.7 kg HE warhead)

Length 138.1 cm (4.5 kg HE warhead) / 163.5 cm (7.7 kg HE warhead)

Diameter 2.75” / 70mm

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DAGR – Guidance Kit

Power

Electronics

SeekerCAS

Warhead

Rocket Motor

SeekerCAS

Warhead

ElectronicsPower

Rocket Motor

Hydra 70 with Guidance Kit

CRV-7 with Guidance Kit

Weight 15.9 kg (4.5 kg HE warhead) / 19.0 kg (7.7 kg HE warhead)

Length 198.1 cm (4.5 kg HE warhead) / 223.5 cm (7.7 kg HE warhead)

Diameter 2.75” / 70mm

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Guidance Section (Kit)

HELLFIRE Functionality in 2.75” / 70mm Form-Factor

40.0 cm

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Guidance Section

HELLFIRE Functionality in 2.75” / 70mm Form-Factor

Laser Seeker

InertialMeasurement

Unit

Control Actuation Section

Rocket Interface

Connector

HELLFIRE Thermal Battery

Processing Electronics

G-switch and Fuze Actuator

Roll Isolation

Assembly

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Number of CRV-7s/Hydra 70s Required to Equal One DAGR Hit

20 81

323

726

1291

0

500

1000

1500

2000

250 500 1,000 2,000 3,000 4,000 5,000

Engagement Range (meters)

Nu

mb

er o

f C

RV

-7s/

Hyd

ra 7

0s

2013

# of Hydra 70s requiredassuming a 10 mil error(Lockheed Martin estimate)

DAGR CEP = 1.3m

Target size = 2.3m x 2.3m

DAGR’s Performance Over Unguided Rockets Grows as Range Increases

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Altitude Engagement Envelope

In this scenario, transfer alignment info is provided to DAGR prior to launch.

-6

-4

-2

0

2

4

6

-6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12

10kft

15kft

20kft

notional trajectory

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Launcher Options DetailOPTION 1: NO IMPACT OPTION 2: IMPACT PLATFORM

Smart Launcher on

M272

Smart Launcheron M299

Modification AS IS AS IS LEA A/C BOTH

Smart Rockets Y Y Y Y Y

Dummy Rockets Y Y Y Y Y

Inventory Control Some/None S/N S/N S/N QTY

Pilot Display HF HF HF HF/DAGR HF/DAGR

Launch Delay N N N N N

Squib Safety Y Y Y Y Y

PRF Code Y Y Y Y Y

Power-On Before Launch (POBL) Y Y Y Y Y

Lock-On Before Launch (LOBL) Y Y Y Y Y

Lock-On After Launch (LOAL) Y Y Y Y Y

Transfer Align N Y “D” Y Y Y

Aiming Style HF HF HF DAGR DAGR

Built-in-Test Y Y Y Y Y

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Objective Platform Capabilities

• Built-in-test (BIT) • Set laser code to designator• Lock-on-before-launch

(LOBL) or lock-on-after-launch (LOAL) – Direct attack high and low

• Inventory control • Transfer alignment on com-

patible platforms• Target location handoff

DAGR objective to be compatible with existing HELLFIRE II platforms

4-Pack Launcher

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4-Shot Launcher Weight

4-ShotSmart Launcher

Smart Launcher Weight

Pylon / RailSmart Launcher + 4.5 kg HE DAGRs

Smart launcher + 7.7 kg HE DAGRs

13.6 kg

1 DAGR = 29.5 kg2 DAGRs = 45.4 kg3 DAGRs = 61.2 kg4 DAGRs = 77.1 kg

1 DAGR = 32.7 kg2 DAGRs = 51.7 kg3 DAGRs = 70.8 kg4 DAGRs = 89.9 kg

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Launchers

Empty Loaded* Loaded** 4-Rail 65.8 kg 285.8 kg 298.5 kg 2-Rail 43.5 kg 168.3 kg 181.0 kg

Weight Specifications

*4.5 kg DAGR Warhead**7.7 kg DAGR Warhead

M310 Launcher

558.9mm

736.6mm

508.0mm

M299 Launcher

1803.4mm

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Surface Engagement Envelope8 km

4 km

5 km

0.5 km

1.5 km

2.1 km

DAGR Objective Total Footprint

DAGR Objective LOAL Footprint (Phit >0.9)

DAGR Objective LOBL & LOAL (Phit ~1.0)

DAGR Objective LOBL Footprint (Phit ~1.0)

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HELLFIRE Current & Candidate Platforms

MQ-1 (Predator A)

USMC AH-1Z/W USN SH-60/70B SOCOM MH-60 Eurocopter TigerSOCOM AH-6

AH-1 Upgrades

AH-64

Agusta

Ground-Launched

UH-1 Upgrades

Warrior ERMP

MQ-9 Reaper(Predator B)

Maritime Surface LaunchUSAF A-10C

Kiowa Warrior

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• Objective for plug-and-play compatible with HELLFIRE

• Increased load-out• Precision• Minimized collateral

damage

DAGR Summary