Mechanical Engineering (Detailed Syllabus of 3rd Semester)

L: Lecture, T: Tutorial, P: Practical, C: Credit

SEMESTER III

CODE SUBJECT L T P C

MEE2102 Engineering Thermodynamics 3 1 0 4

MEE2103 Machine Drawing 3 1 0 4

MAT2106 Advanced Engineering Mathematics-I 3 1 0 4

MEE2104 Metallurgical & Materials Science 3 1 0 4

MEE2105 Engineering Thermodynamics Lab 0 0 3 2

MEE2106 Machine Drawing & Computer Aided Design Lab 0 0 3 2

MEE2107 MAT LAB Programming Lab 0 0 3 2

HSS2102 Humanities & Social Sciences 1 0 0 1

PFD2103 Professional Development 2 0 0 2

TOTAL 15 4 9 25

Assessment:

PRE

ESE TA Mid semester Total

20 30 50 50

PRE- Progressive Review Examination

TA- Teacher Assessment ESE-End Semester Examination

Semester: III Branch: Mechanical Engineering

Subject: Engineering Thermodynamics Code: MEE2102

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Course Objectives:

1. To provide the students with a fundamental understanding of the basics of

the energy conversions and prepare the student to evaluate the relative merits of different thermodynamic systems.

2. A fundamental understanding of first and second law of thermodynamics and their application to wide range of systems.

3. An ability to analyze the work and heat interactions associated with a

prescribed process path, and to perform a first law analysis of a non-flow and flow system.

4. An understanding of the use of the Gibbs and Helmholtz free energies as equilibrium criteria, and the statement of the equilibrium condition for closed and open systems. An understanding of the interrelationship between thermodynamic functions and an ability to use such relationships to solve practical problems related to gas mixtures.

5. Ability to identify the properties of steam from tables and charts and applying it to understand the thermal efficiencies of Carnot and Rankine Cycle with modifications on the basic cycles.

6. To analyze the gas power cycles such as Otto, Diesel and Dual cycles by using second and First Law of thermodynamics to find thermal efficiency and mean effective pressure.

Syllabus:

Unit- 1: First Law of thermodynamics: Introduction and Fundamental Concepts, Thermodynamic state and equilibrium, modes of energy, work and heat transfer, first law referred to cyclic processes, first Law referred to non-cyclic processes, internal energy and enthalpy, Conservation of Energy for an open system(Flow Process).

Unit- 2: Second Law of thermodynamics and availability:

Introduction and directional constraints on natural processes, formal statements, concept of reversibility, Carnot principles and absolute temperature thermodynamic scale, Clausius Inequality, concept of entropy, the Need of entropy , definition of entropy, entropy of a pure substance, entropy change of a reversible & irreversible

processes, principle of increase of entropy, available energy, reversible work & irreversibility for control mass and control volume processes; second law efficiency.

Unit- 3: Thermodynamic Property Relations and equation of state:

Maxwell’s equations, T-ds equations, difference in heat capacities, coefficient of volume expansion and isothermal compressibility, adiabatic compressibility, ratio of specific heat, energy equations, Joule-Kelvin effect, Clausius-Clapeyron equation, ideal gas equation of state, deviation of Real gas from ideal gas, van der waal’s equation of state, Correction for finite size of molecules,virial expansions, reduced coordinates, compressibility factor, the law of corresponding states as per van der Wall’s principle. Unit –4: Vapour and Vapour Power Cycle: Properties and processes in ideal vapor, use of steam tables and Mollier’s diagram in determination of steam properties, Energy and entropy calculations, Carnot and Rankine cycle as applied to steam power plants, Reheat cycle and Regenerative Cycle, Binary Vapour Cycle.

Unit- 5: Gas Power Cycle and Mixture of perfect gases: Air standard cycles; Carnot, Otto, Diesel, Dual and Stirling cycles, p-v and T-s diagrams, description, efficiencies and mean effective pressures, Dalton's law of additive pressures, Amagat's law of additive volumes, Properties of mixture of ideal non-reactive gases – gas constant, molecular weight, specific heat, internal energy, enthalpy and entropy, analysis of various processes.

Course outcome:

After completion of the course, students will be able to:

1. Demonstrate the ability to apply first and second law of thermodynamics to

non-flow and flow systems.

2. Demonstrate the capability to determine changes in enthalpy, entropy and internal energy for suitable equation of state.

3. Understand thermodynamic relations, thermodynamic diagrams and properties and can apply the relations to understand the concept of gas mixtures

4. Demonstrate the ability to perform power cycle analysis using various working fluids such as air or steam.

5. Apply knowledge of classical thermodynamics for formulating and solving engineering problems.

6. Acquire knowledge and hands-on competence in applying the concepts of thermal sciences in the design and development of mechanical systems.

Recommended Text Books:

1. Engineering Thermodynamics – P.K. Nag – TMH Publishers.

2. Thermodynamics- An Engineering Approach – Cengal & Boles – McGraw Hill.

3. Thermal Science & Engineering – D.S. Kumar – S.K. Kataria& Sons.

4. Thermodynamics & Thermal Engineering – J. Selwin Rajadurai – New Age, Delhi.

5. Fundamental of engineering thermodynamics - R.Yadav, CPH, Allahabad.

6. Engineering Thermodynamics by D.B. Spalding and E. H. Cole.

7. Engineering Thermodynamics by R. Joel.

8. C. Borgnakke and R.E. Sonntag, Fundamentals of Thermodynamics, 7th

Edition, John Wiley and Sons, Inc., 2009.

Semester: III Branch: Mechanical Engineering

Subject: Machine Drawing Code: MEE2103

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Course Objectives:

1. It is expected to possess a thorough understanding of drawing, which includes

clear spatial visualization of objects and the proficiency in reading and interpreting a wide variety of production drawings.

2. It is also expected to possess certain degree of drafting skills depending upon

job function, to perform day to day activities i.e. communicating and discussing ideas with supervisors and passing instructions to subordinates also knowledge of computer aided drafting is essential part hence as a part of

curriculum.

Syllabus:

UNIT – 1: Freehand Sketching of Machine Elements: FV and TV of standard machine parts – Hexagonal headed nut and bolt, washers, studs, components tapped holes; Conventional representation of assembly of threaded parts in normal and sectional views; foundation bolts, shafts, keys, couplings, springs, screw thread forms, welded joints, riveted joints.

Limits fits and tolerances: Dimensioning with tolerances indicating various types of fit in details and assembly drawings.

UNIT – 2: Sections of Solids: Types of section planes, projections of various solids cut by different section planes

such as cone, cylinder, prism, pyramid. True shape of cut surfaces.

UNIT – 3: Solid Geometry: Intersection of surfaces and Interpenetration of solids-Intersection of prism or cylinder with Prism, cylinder or cone (both solids in simple and offset position only), Primary auxiliary views and aux. projections of simple machine parts.

UNIT – 4: Details and Assembly Drawing: Introduction to unit assembly drawing, steps involved in preparing assembly drawing from details and vice versa. Preparation of details & assembly drawings of: Clapper block, Single tool post, Lathe & Milling tail stock, Cotter, knuckle joint,

sunk, parallel, woodruff, saddle, feather etc.

Coupling:

Simple, muff, flanged, protected flange coupling, Oldham’s coupling and universal Coupling.

UNIT – 5: Preparation of details & Assembly Drawings of: Simple, solid, bushes, pedestal, footstep, I.S. conventional representation of ball and bearings. Flat belt, V-belt, rope belts, fast and loose pulleys: flanged joints- spigot and gland and stuffing box, expansion joint, union joint. Air cock, Blow off cock, Steam stop valve, gates valve, globe valve, non-return valve, piston, connecting rod, cross head and crankshaft. One drill jig and one milling fixture.

Course outcome:

1. To interpret the assembly and details of given machine components including fits and tolerances in production drawing.

2. To sketch free hand proportionate illustrative representation of common

machine components.

3. To create and compose engineering drawings for standard machine components or assemblies.

Text Books:

1. N.D. Bhatt, V. Panchal, “Machine Drawing” Charotar Prakashan, ed. 46.

2. R.K. Dhawan, “A text book of Machine Drawing”, S. Chand. Edition. 2. New Delhi.

Reference Books:

1. K. L. Narayana, P. Kannaiah, K. V. Reddy, “Machine Drawing”,, New Age

International, Edition 4.

2. K.C. John, “A textbook of Machine Drawing”, Phi Learning, ed.1.

3. I.S. Code: SP 46: 2003, Engg. Drg. Practice, Standard Publication.

4. Machine Drawing: P.S. Gill, B.D. Kataria & Sons, Ludhiana.10th edition, Katson Pb. House

Semester: III Branch: Mechanical Engineering Subject: Advance Engineering Mathematics-I Code: MAT2106

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Course Objectives: 1. To develop an ability to conceptualize, inquire, reason and communicate

mathematically and to use the mathematical concepts of Calculus to formulate and solve the real life problems.

2. To make students proficient in Calculus Computations involving functions of single variable as well as several variables.

3. To make students familiar with the important tools of differential and integral calculus for analyzing and describing the behavior of the functions.

4. To develop an ability to critically analyze, model and control the systems involving change in a pair of dimensions, such as time, force, mass, length, temperature etc.

5. To make students conversant with concepts of differentiation and integration of Vector fields and their application in the solution of flux related problems.

Syllabus:

UNIT – 1: Successive Differentiation: Review of limits, continuity and differentiability of functions of one variable. Successive Differentiation Leibnitz Theorem. Expansion of functions by Taylor’s and Malaren’s Theorem. Curvature and Radius of Curvature

UNIT – 2: Partial Differentiation: Introduction to limits, continuity and differentiability of functions of several variables, Partial Differentiation Euler’s theorem Maxima and minima of functions of two and three variables Lagrange’s method of undetermined multipliers, Differentiation under integral sign UNIT – 3: Integral Calculus: Review of Integrals involving functions of one variable Important Reduction formulae Quadrature and Rectification UNIT – 4: Multiple Integrals:

Double & triple integrals, Change of order of integration, Beta & Gamma functions, Application to area & volume.

UNIT – 5: Vector Calculus:

Vector operator directional derivative, gradient Divergence, curl line integral,

surface and volume integrals, Green’s, Gauss’s & Stoke’s theorem and their applications.

Course Outcome:

After completion of the course, students will be able to:-

1. Find the nth derivative of product of two or more functions.

2. Represent a function as an infinite sum of terms that are calculated from the

values of the function's derivatives at a single point.

3. Obtain the extreme values of functions of several variables.

4. Evaluate the improper integrals.

5. Change the order of double integral to ease the evaluation of the integral.

6. Integrate an expression containing an integer parameter, usually in the form

of powers of elementary functions, or products of transcendental functions and polynomials of arbitrary degree, which can’t be integrated directly.

7. Obtain the surface area and volume of shape using double and triple integrals

respectively.

8. Find the flux of fluid across the closed surface.

9. Obtain the instantaneous rate of change of a function moving along any direction.

10. Relate a double integral over a region to a line integral over the boundary of

the region

11. Relate a line integral over a closed curve to a surface integral

12. Relate a surface integral to a volume integral.

Text books:

1. Advanced Engineering. Mathematics by Erwin Kreyszig (8th edition) – John

Wiley & Sons.

2. Higher Engineering Mathematics by B.S. Grewal (38th edition)-Khanna

Publishers.

3. Applied mathematics for Engineers & Physicists by Louis A. Pipes – Mc Graw

Hill.

4. Advanced Engineering Mathematics by R.K. Jain & S.R.K. Iyengar – Narosa

Publishing House.

5. Advance Engineering Mathematics by R. R. Greenberg- Pearson Publication.

6. Higher Engineering Mathematics by B. V. Rammana-Tata Mc Graw Hill.

7. Advanced Engineering Mathematics by S. S. Sastry-PHI Publication.

8. Engineering Mathematics Volumes-I & II by S. S. Sastry-PHI Publication.

Online Resources:

1. http://mathworld.wolfram.com

2. https://openlab.citytech.cuny.edu

3. https://www.khanacademy.org

4. http://www.cdeep.iitb.ac.in

5. http://www.intmath.com

6. http://calculus7.com

7. www.math.odu.edu

8. www.calculusinmotion.com

9. www.ima.umn.edu

10. www.calculus.org

Semester: III Branch: Mechanical Engineering

Subject: Metallurgical and Materials Science Code: MEE2104

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Course Objectives: 1. Learn the fundamental science and engineering principles relevant to

materials.

2. Understand the concept of structure property relationship using characterization and testing techniques for the material.

3. Have the experimental and computational skills for a professional career or graduate study in materials.

4. Understand the significance of research, the value of continued learning and environmental/social issues surrounding materials.

Unit-1: Introduction:

Importance of materials. historical perspective, Brief review of modern & atomic concepts in Physics and Chemistry. Atomic models, Periodic table, Chemical bonding. Crystallography and Imperfections: Concept of unit cell space lattice, Bravais lattices, common crystal structures, Atomic packing factor and density. Miller indices. Crystal Structure determination, Imperfections, Defects & Dislocations in solids.

Unit-2: Mechanical properties and Testing:

Stress strain diagram, Ductile & brittle material, Stress vs. strength. Toughness, Hardness, Fracture, Fatigue and Creep. Testing of material such as Strength tests, Hardness tests, Impact tests, Fatigue tests, Creep tests, and Non-destructive testing (NDT).

Micro structural Exam: Microscope principle and methods. Preparation of samples and Microstructure exam and grain size determination. Comparative study of microstructure of various metals & alloys such as Mild steel.

Unit-3: Equilibrium Phase Diagram:

Uniary and Binary diagrams, Phase rules. Types of equilibrium diagrams: Solid solution type, eutectic type and combination type. Iron-carbon equilibrium diagram. Diffusion: Diffusion of Solids, Ficks I and II law.

Heat Treatment:

Various types of heat treatment such as Annealing, Normalizing, Quenching, Tempering (Austempering, Martempering), and various case hardening processes. Time Temperature Transformation (TTT) diagrams. 2 Ferrous materials: Various types of carbon steels, alloy steels and cast irons, its properties and uses.

Unit-4: Engineering Materials:

Non-Ferrous metals and alloys: LMA, HSLA, Brass and Bronze, bearing materials, its properties and uses. Aluminum alloys such as Duralumin. Other advanced materials/alloys. Dielectric Materials, Magnetic Materials, Ceramics, Polymers,

Plastics, Composite Materials and its uses, Smart materials, Bio-materials.

Course Outcome:

Materials Science and Engineering, the graduate will develop:-

1. Ability to apply mathematics, science and engineering skills to the solution of materials engineering problems.

2. Awareness of Societal, safety and Environmental challenges, and be able to involve in public debate regarding these issues.

3. Be able to apply core fundamentals and logics in Materials Science to solve engineering problems.

4. Be knowledgeable of contemporary issues relevant to Materials Science and Engineering.

5. Be able to select material candidates for design and construction.

6. Life-long learning.

7. Ability to design and conduct experiments, and analyze data.

8. Understand the professional and ethical responsibilities of a materials

scientist and engineer.

9. Ability to work both independently and as part of a team.

10. Ability to communicate effectively.

11. Possessing skills and techniques necessary for modern materials engineering

practice.

References:

1. Materials Science and Engineering, by William D. Callister, Jr, (Adopted by R.

Balasubramaniam), Wiley India Pvt. Ltd.,

2. Materials Science and Engineering - A First Course by Raghavan, PHI

3. Material Science and Engineering by Smith, Hashemi and Prakash, TMH

4. Introduction to Materials Science for Engineers by Shackelford, Pearson

5. Material Science by Narula, TMH.

6. Material Science for Engineering Students by Fischer, Academic Press 8. Technology of Engineering materials by Philip and Bolton, Butterworth-Heinamann

Semester: III Branch: Mechanical Engineering

Subject: Engineering Thermodynamics Lab Code: MEE2105

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List of Experiments:

(At least ten experiments are to be performed by each student)

1. To study different types of temperature measurement techniques including Thermography approach.

2. To study the rise in temperature of liquid due to external work.

3. To study the expansion process using throttling devices.

4. To study the effect of mixing of two/three fluid streams having different flow rates and temperatures.

5. To obtain Joule-Thompson coefficient of Argon.

6. To study Mountings & Accessories of a Boiler.

7. To study the Cochran Boiler and it’s Accessories and Mountings.

8. To study the Lancashire and it’s Accessories and Mountings.

9. To study the Babcock Wilcox and it’s Accessories and Mountings.

10. To study a Simple Steam Engine.

11. To study a compound steam Engine.

12. Performance and testing of surface steam condenser.

13. Performance and testing of steam jet condenser.

14. Performance and testing of axial flow air compressor.

15. Performance and testing of Reciprocating Compressor

16. To calculate the different losses in Boiler and its efficiency (Case Study in Industry )

17. To analyze different parameters affecting condenser efficiency ( Case study in Industry)

18. To perform testing by Data Acquisition System.

Equipment/Machines/Instruments/Tools/Software Required:

1. Insulated agitated vessel.

2. Steam pressure vessel with arrangement for external cooling.

3. Compressed air tank with expansion device.

4. Arrangement of mixing of two/three fluid streams.

5. Boiler mountings.

6. Boiler accessories.

7. Cochran boiler.

8. Lancashire boiler.

9. Babcock and Wilcox boiler.

10. Simple steam Engine.

11. Compound steam Engine.

12. Surface steam condenser.

13. Jet steam condenser.

14. Reciprocating Compressor.

15. Axial flow air compressor.

16. Data Acquisition System.

Semester: III Branch: Mechanical Engineering Subject: Machine Drawing & Computer AIDED Design Lab Code: MEE2106

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The candidates will be required to make minimum of 06 drawing sheets using the software such as AutoCAD/ProE/Solid works on the following topics as per B.I.S. SP46-2003 for General Engg. Drawing. First angle method of Projection should be used.

1. 1 Sheet on free hand sketches, minimum 4 problems from Unit 1.

2. 1 Sheets on section of solid, minimum 4 problems from unit 2.

3. 1 Sheets on solid geometry, minimum 4 problems from unit 3.

4. 1 Sheet on assembly of details minimum 4 problems from unit 4 using PRO-E

software.

5. 1 Sheets on details of assembly minimum 4 problems from unit 5 using PRO_E software.

6. 1 Sheet on detail & assembly of unit 5 with fits and tolerances. using PRO_E software.

Semester: III Branch: Mechanical Engineering

Subject: MAT LAB Programming Lab Code: MEE2107

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Course Objectives:

In this course the students would learn coding on computational software MATLAB for solving different partial differentials equations, ordinary differential equations and many other mathematical equations which are derived after mathematical modeling of various engineering systems.

List of Experiments (Minimum assignment 15)

1. MATLAB Basics: Introduction, operation with arithmetic, logarithmic and trigonometric function

2. Operations with arrays, polynomials, problem practice

3. Script file, problem practice

4. Function file, problem practice

5. Programming: graphics, input / output

6. Plotting of 2D and 3D curves, problem practice

7. Symbolic mathematics & laplace transforms

8. Roots: programming for general method

9. Linear regression, general linear least-squares problem practice

10. Polynomial: introduction and evaluation

11. Nonlinear regression, polynomial interpolation

12. Splines and piecewise interpolation problem practice

13. Numerical integration formulas, numerical integration of functions

14. Numerical differentiation, problem practice

15. Ordinary differential equation problem practice

16. Problems on lumped and continuum models from solid and fluid mechanics

17. Heat transfer problem practice.

Course Outcome:

At the end of the course students should be confident about using MATLAB in their own project work, and should feel more prepared to tackle other procedural languages for computing, such as C++ or Visual Basic.

Text/Reference Books:

1. Applied Numerical Methods with MATLAB. Chapra S. C. TMH publication.

2004.

2. MATLAB for Mechanical Engineers. Dukkipati R. V. New Age International Publishers. 2009.

3. Getting Started with MATLAB 7. Pratap R. Oxford University Press. 2005.

4. Engineering Mechanics Problem with MATLAB. Dukkipati R. V. & Srinivas J.

New Age International Publishers. 2008.

5. A Handbook on Numerical Technique Lab: MATLAB Based Experiments. Mishra K. K.I. K. International Publication. 2007.

Semester: III Branch: Mechanical Engineering

Subject: Engineering Professionalism and Ethics Code: HSS2102

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Course Objectives: The objectives of this course are to provide students of engineering with:

1. An understanding of their duties and responsibilities as professionals through gaining knowledge of the philosophies of ethics, professional practice, and world culture.

2. Basic knowledge to make informed ethical decisions when confronted with

problems in the working environment.

3. An understanding of how a societal moral varies with culture and how this influences ethical thought and action.

4. Know some of the classic cases as well as contemporary issues in engineering

ethics.

Course Content:

UNIT- 1: Engineering ethics Introduction to ethics, Comparison of ethics and engineering ethics, Ethics at personal level – Variety of moral issues and Moral dilemmas, Kohlberg’s theory, Gilligan’s theory. UNIT- 2: Importance of ethics and professionalism The importance of ethics in science and engineering, The role of codes of ethics, Professions and Professionalism, Professional responsibilities of engineers.

UNIT- 3: Engineer’s responsibility for safety Safety and Risk – Assessment of Safety and Risk, Risk Benefit Analysis, Reducing Risk – Risk management.

UNIT- 4: Engineer’s responsibilities and rights Loyalty – Respect for Authority, Confidentiality, Conflicts of Interest; Professional Rights, Plagiarism and Intellectual Property Rights (IPR). UNIT –5: Global issues

Globalization and international concern, Multinational Corporations and ethical issues, Engineers as Expert Witnesses and Advisors, Sample Code of Conduct.

Course Outcome:

After completion of the course, students will be able to:-

1. Identify and analyze an ethical issue in the subject matter under investigation or in a relevant field.

2. Assess their own ethical values and the social context of problems.

3. Identify ethical concerns in research and intellectual contexts, including academic integrity, use and citation of sources, the objective presentation of data, and the treatment of human subjects.

4. Demonstrate knowledge of ethical values in non-classroom activities, such as service learning, internships, and field work.

5. Demonstrate knowledge of a professional code of ethics.

6. Demonstrate ethical practice.

Recommended Text Books:

1. Mike Martin and Roland Schinzinger, “Ethics in Engineering”, McGraw Hill,

New York, 2005.

2. Charles E Harris, Michael S Pritchard and Michael J Rabins, “Engineering Ethics –Concepts and Cases”, Thompson Learning, 2000.

3. Seebauer, E.G. and Barry, R.L. Fundamental of Ethics for Scientists and

Engineers, New York: Oxford University Press, 2001.

References:

1. Charles D Fleddermann, “Engineering Ethics”, Prentice Hall, New Mexico,

1999.

2. John R Boatright, “Ethics and the Conduct of Business”, Pearson Education, 2003

3. Edmund G Seebauer and Robert L Barry, “Fundamentals of Ethics for

Scientists and Engineers”, Oxford University Press, 2001.

4. Prof. (Col) P S Bajaj and Dr. Raj Agrawal, “Business Ethics – An Indian Perspective”, Biztantra, New Delhi, 2004.

5. David Ermann and Michele S Shauf, “Computers, Ethics and Society”,

Oxford University Press, (2003)

Semester: III Branch: Mechanical Engineering

Subject: Business Writing Skills Code: PFD2103

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Course Objectives: The objectives of this course are:

1. To make students conversant with the basic forms, formats and techniques of business writing.

2. To familiarize learners with the mechanics of writing.

3. To enable learners to write in English precisely and effectively.

4. To help students communicate effectively, appropriately and clearly in all situations.

Course Content:

UNIT- 1: Communication in business

Business Communication-functions and principles of communication (7C's of communication), Types of Communication, Context of communication, Medium of communication, Barriers to communication.

UNIT – 2: Elements of business writing Business letter -principles of business writing; Elements of letter writing and styles of writing, Resume, covering letter, Grammar in Use.

UNIT-3: Business correspondence

Business letters - circulars, e-mails, agendas, minutes, sales letter, enquiries, orders, Letters of complaint- claims and adjustments, Notice, Quotation and Tenders. UNIT – 4: Business proposals and reports

Project proposals-characteristics and structure, Project reports – types- characteristics –structure, Process and mechanics of report writing- visual aids- abstract - executive summary- recommendation, writing- definition of terms, UNIT-5: Effective communication Communication in organization, different kinds of texts for different purposes, reading between the lines. Comprehension of Unseen Passages, Précis writing.

Course Outcome:

Upon successful completion of this course, students will be able to:-

1. Communicate effectively by analyzing audience, organizing documents, writing clearly and precisely with no grammar errors and presenting the document with skillful design.

2. Demonstrate the use of basic and advanced proper writing techniques.

3. Write informal and formal reports.

4. Identify barriers to effective communication and how to overcome them.

5. Write e-mail effectively and efficiently.

Recommended Text Books:

1. Lesikar, Raymond V., John D Pettit, and Mary E FlatlyLesikar’s, Basic

Business Communication, 10th ed. Tata McGraw-Hill, New Delhi, 2007.

2. Gerson, Sharan J., and Steven M Gerson, Technical Writing: Process and Product. Pearson Education, New Delhi, 2008.

3. Murphy, Herta, Herbert W Hildebrandt, and Jane P Thomas, Effective Business Communication. 7th ed. Tata McGraw-Hill, New Delhi.

4. Bovee, Courtland and John V Thill, Business Communication Today, 8th ed. Pearson Education, New Delhi, 2008.

References:

1. Raman, Meenakhshi, and Prakash Singh, Business Communication. O U P,

New Delhi, 2008. 2. Stuart Bonne E., Marilyn S Sarow and Laurence Stuart, Integrated Business.

3. Communication in a Global Market Place.3rd ed. John Wiley India, New Delhi, 2007.

4. Guffey, Mary Ellen., Business Communication: Process and Product. 3rd ed. Thomson and South-western, 2004.

5. Fiske, john – "Introduction to Communication Studies", Rotledge London, 1990.

6. Geoffrey Leech & Jan Svartvik – "A Communicative Grammar of English", ELBS Longman, England.

7. Bill Scott – "The Skills of Communicating", Jaico Publishing House, Mumbai, 2004.

8. Gartside L- "Model Business Letters", Pitman, London, 1992.

9. The English Errors of Indian Students by T.L.H. Smith – Pearse, I.E.S., Oxford University Press, Madras- Latest Edition.

10. Grammar and Composition by P.R. Sarkar, Anand Marg Publications, Kolkatas