SEMESTER – I

SUBJECT CODE TITLE OF COURSE CORE/ELECTIVE CREDITS L T P C

CHET 401 ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY - I

CORE 4 1 0 4

UNIT - I Colorimetry Standard series method, duplication method, photo-electric calorimeter, spectro-photo meter, single beam, double beam, determination of pKa value of an indicator, simultaneous spectrophotometric determination. Ultraviolet and visible spectrophotometry (UV-VIS) Introduction, Beer Lambert’s law, instrumentation, calculation of absorption maxima of dienes, dienones and polyenes, applications. UNIT - II Infrared Spectroscopy (IR) Introduction, instrumentation, sampling technique, selection rules, types of bonds, absorption of common functional groups. Factors affecting frequencies, applications. Flame Spectrometry: Instrumentation, combustion flames, nebulise burner system, resonance line sources, monochromator, detector, types of interferences, non-flame techniques. UNIT - III Electroanalytical Techniques: Polarography: Introduction, Instrumentation, Ilkovic equation and its verification. Derivation of wave equation, Determination of half wave potential, qualitative and quantitative applications. Amperometry: Basic principals, instrumentation, nature of titration curves, and analytical applications. Theory of Electrogravimetric analysis, electrode reactions, overpotential, completeness of deposition, electrolytic separation of metals with controlled cathode potential. UNIT - IV Redox titration- Redox potentials, theory and feasibility of redox titration, calculation of potentials at different stages of titrations, redox indicators, their choice and applications. Pecipitation titrations- theory and types, Mohr, Volhard and Fajan’s methods. Adsorption indicators-theory, choice and applications. Complexometric titrations- Theory, Stepwise and overall formation constants, Titrations involving chelates (EDTA). Metalochromic indicators-Theory and Choice. Masking and demasking and extractive methods. Direct, indirect (including substitution) titration and applications.

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UNIT - V Nephlometry and Turbidometry Introduction, Theory, Instruments, working and Applications Radiochemical Analysis, NAA: Scintillation counter and G.M. Counter References 1. Fundamentals of Analytical Chemistry-Skoog, West and Holler, Saunders College

Publising VI Edition 1991, and VII Edition, 1996. 2. Text Book of Quantitative Inorganic Analysis – A.I. vogel, ELBS, III Edition, 1976, and

IV Edition, 1985. 3. Vogel’s Text Book of Quantitative Chemical Analysis- A.I.Vogel, VI Edition, Pearson

Eduction Ltd, 2001. 4. Analytical Chemistry –Gary D. Christian, Jhon Wilys & Sons, INC, V Edition, 2001. 5. Statistics for Analystical Chemistry – J.C. Miller and J.N. Miller, Ellis Harwood.

Chichester, 1984. 6. Instrumental Analysis – Gary D. Christian & James, E. O’Reilly, Allyn & Bacon Ino, II

Edition, 1986. 7. Analytical Chemisstry – J.G. Diok, McGraw Hill Publishers, 1975. 8. Analytical Chemistry- An Indtroduction – Skoog, West &Holler, McGraw Hill

Publishers, 1975. 9. Instrumental Methods of Chemical Analysis- G. W. Ewing, McGraw Hill Publishers,

1975. 10. Statistics for Analytical Chemists- R. Caulcutt and R. Boddy, Champmann and Hall

Publications, London, 1982.

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SUBJECT

CODE TITLE OF COURSE CORE/ELECTIVE CREDITS

L T P CCHET 402 INORGANIC CHEMISTRY - I CORE 4 1 0 4 UNIT-I Wave mechanics Origin of quantum theory, black body radiation, atomic spectra, photoelectric effect, matter waves, wave nature of the electron, the wave equation, the theory of hydrogen atom, particle in one dimensional box, transformation of coordinates, Separation of variables and their significance. UNIT-II Stereochemistry and Bonding in main group compounds VSEPR theory &drawbacks, P_− P_, P_−d_ and d_− d_ bonds, Bent rule, Hybridization involving f-orbital energies of hybridization, some simple reactions of covalently bonded molecules. Unit-III Chemistry of transition elements General characteristic properties of transition elements, co-ordination chemistry of transition metal ions, stereochemistry of coordination compounds, ligand field theory, splitting of d orbitals in low symmetry environments, Jahn- Teller effect, Interpretation of electronic spectra including charge transfer spectra, spectrochemical series, nephelauxetic series, metal clusters, sandwich compounds, metal carbonyls UNIT IV Bioinorganic Chemistry Role of metal ions in biological processes, structure and properties of metalloproteins in electron transport processes, cytochromes, ferrodoxins and iron sulphur proteins, ion transport across membranes, Biological nitrogen fixation, PSI, PS – II, Oxygen uptake proteins. UNIT-V Electronic, Electric and Optical behaviour of Inorganic materials Metals, Insulators and Semiconductors, Electronic structure of solid, band theory, band structure of metals, insulators and semiconductors, Intrinsic and extrinsic semiconductors, doping of semiconductors and conduction mechanism, the band gap, temperature dependence of conductivity, carrier density and carrier mobility in semiconductors, synthesis and purification of semiconducting materials, single crystal growth, zone refining, fractional crystallization, semiconductor devices, rectifier transistors, optical devices, photoconductors, photovoltaic cells, solar batteries.

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References 1. M. C. Day and J. Selbin, Theoretical Inorganic Chemistry, Affiliated East West Press Pvt.

Ltd.2nd ed.,1985. 2. F.A. Cotton and G. Wilkinson, Advanced Inorganic Chemistry, 4th ed., A Wiley - 3. Interscience Publication, John –Wiley & Sons, USA. 4. J.E. Huheey, Inorganic Chemistry 3rd. ed., Harper & Row publisher, Singapore. 5. A.W.Adamson, Inorganic Photochemistry, John Wiley & Sons, New York. 6. S.F.A. Kettle, Physical Inorganic Chemistry – A Coordination Chemistry Approach,

Spectrum 7. Academic Publishers, Oxford University Press, 1996. 8. A. W. Adamson and P. D. Fleischauer, Concepts of Inorganic Photochemistry, Wiley,

New York, 1975. 9. J. Ferraudi, Elements of Inorganic Photochemistry, Wiley, New York, 1988. 10. F.Basolo and R.G.Pearson, Mechanism of Inorganic Reactions, John Wiley, New York.

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SUBJECT CODE TITLE OF COURSE CORE/ELECTIVE CREDITS L T P C

CHET 403 ORGANIC CHEMISTRY - I

CORE 4 1 0 4

UNIT – I Structure and Bonding Nomenclature of alicyclic, bicyclic and tricyclic compounds. (Basic skeletal structures only with or without one substituent) Localized Chemical Bonding: Electronic Structure of molecules; VB, MO and HOMO-LUMO theory, Electronegativity, Dipole Moment, Inductive and Field Effects, Bond distances, Bond angles, Bond energies. Delocalized Chemical Bonding: Bond energies and Bond distances in compounds containing delocalized Bonds, Cross conjucation, Resonance, Steric inhibition of resonance, Hyperconjugation, Keto – Enol Tautomerism. Acids and Bases Bronsted theory – Lewis acids and bases – Effect of structure on the strengths of acids and bases. UNIT – II Aromaticity Aromatic character: six-, Five-, seven-, and eight-membered rings - Other systems with aromatic sextets – Huckel’s theory of aromaticity, Concept of homoaromaticity and antiaromaticity, Electron occupancy in MO’s and aromaticity - NMR concept of aromaticity and antiaromaticity, systems with 2,4,8 and 10 electrons, systems of morethan 10 electrons, alternant and non-alternant hydrocarbons (azulene type). Bonding properties of systems with (4n + 2) πelectrons and 4nπelectrons, Heteraromatic molecules. Annulenes and sydnones and fullerenes. Heterocycles Nomenclature of heterocycles having not more than two hetero atoms such as oxygen, nitrogen and sulphur. Synthesis, reactivity and applications of the following Heterocycles: Pyrazoles, Oxazoles, Pyridazines, Pyrimidine and Pyrazines. UNIT- III Stereochemistry Fundamentals of Organic Stereochemistry: Principles of symmetry – Stereoisomerism – Optical isomerism - Definitions – Conventions used in stereochemistry: Newman, Sawhorse and Fischer notations and interconversions and representations. Nomenclature, correlation of configuration. Cahn – Ingold – Prelog rules for simple molecules. Optical activity and chirality – Types of molecules exhibiting optical activity – Fischer projection – Absolute configuration. Molecules with more than one chiral centre – Molecular chirality – Atropisomerism – Biphenyls, allenes and spiranes. Methods of determining configuration. Enantiomerism of compounds containing chiral heteroatoms – Walden inversion – Asymmetric synthesis based on Cram’s rule – Enantiotopic behaviour and Prochiral centres.

5

Geometrical Isomerism E & Z Nomenclature, Determination of configuration of geometrical isomers, Stereochemistry of addition and elimination reactions. Stereospecific and stereoselective synthesis – [Elementary examples]. Conformational Analysis Basic concepts of conformational analysis – Conformations of n-butane, cyclohexane and decalins. UNIT - IV Organic Photochemistry Organic Photochemistry – Fundamental concepts – Jablonski diagram – Energy transfer, characteristics of photoreactions, photoreduction and photoxidation, photoreactions of ketones and enones, Norrish Type I and II reactions. Photochemistry of alkenes, dienes and aromatic compounds, reactions of unactivated centres – Photolytic cycloadditions and photolytic rearrangements – Photosenstitisation –Photoadditions – Barton reaction – Parterno Buchi reaction. UNIT - V Reactive Intermediates Carbocations, Carbanions, Carbenes and Nitrenes – Generation and stability of reactive intermediates. Correlation of reactivity with structure of reactive intermediates. Free radicals – Configurations – Identification by chemical and spectral methods – Free radical halogenation - NBS. Methods of Determining Reaction Mechanisms Types of reactions: Homolytic and Heterolytic cleavages of bonds, Characteristics of nucleophilic, electrophilic and free radical reactions. Thermodynamic and kinetic aspects, Hammond’s postulate, isotope effects. Energy profile diagrams –Intermediate versus transition state, Product analysis and its importance, Crossover experiments, Kinetic methods, Stereochemical studies, Isotopic and substitutent effects. References 1. J. March, Advanced Organic Chemistry: Reactions, Mechanisms and Structure,

5thed.,Wiley, 2000. 2. D. Nasipuri, Stereochemistry of organic compounds-Principles and applications, New

Age International, 2ndEdition,2002. 3. I.L. Finar, Organic Chemistry, Vol.II, 5th ed., ELBS 1975. 4. R.K. Bansal, Organic Reaction Mechanisms, Tata McGraw Hill, 1975. 5. R.T. Morrison and R.N. Boyd, Organic Chemistry, 6th ed., Pearson, 1992. 6. J.D. Coyle, Organic Photochemistry - Wiley, 1985. 7. J.M. Coxon, B. Halton, Organic Photochemistry, Camb. Uni. Press, 2nd edition, 1987. 8. G.R. Chatwal , OrganicPhtochemistry, Himalaya Publications house, 1st edition, 1998. 9. P.S. Kalsi, Stereochemistry , Wiley eastern limited, New Delhi, 1990.

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SUBJECT CODE TITLE OF COURSE CORE/ELECTIVE CREDITS

L T P C CHET 404 PHYSICAL

CHEMISTRY - I CORE 4 1 0 4

UNIT – I Group theory – Concepts Symmetry elements and symmetry operations – Point groups – identification and representation of groups – comparison of Molecular symmetry with Crystallographic symmetry – Reducible and irreducible representation – Direct product representation – Great orthogonality theorem and its consequences – Character Table and their uses. UNIT - II Quantum Chemistry I Black body Radiation – Experimental results of Black body radiation – Photoelectric effect – De – Broglie equation – Heisenberg uncertainty principle – Compton effect – operators and commutation relations – quantum mechanical postulates – Schrodinger equation and its solution to the problem of a particle in one and three dimensional boxes – the harmonic oscillator. UNIT – III Chemical Kinetics- I Theories of reaction rate – Absolute reaction rate theory (ARRT) - Significance of reaction co-ordinate – Potential energy surfaces – Kinetic isotope effect – Molecular dynamics – Marcus theory of electron transfer processes. Principle of microscopic reversibility - Steady–state approximation – Chain reactions: thermal and photochemical reactions between hydrogen and halogens -Explosions and hydrogen – oxygen reactions. UNIT – IV Molecular Thermodynamics - I Calculation of Thermodynamic probability of a system – Difference between thermodynamic probability and statistical probability – Ergodic hypothesis –Derivation of Boltzman distribution equation – physical significance of partition function- translational, rotational, vibrational and electronic partition functions – Quantum statistics – Bose – Einstein and Fermi – Dirac distribution equations – comparison of B.E and F.D statistics with Boltzman statistics – Concept of Negative Kelvin Temperature. Relationships between partition function and thermodynamic properties such as E, H, Cp, Cv, P. Derivation of PV=RT, Molecular interpretation of entropy- Derivation of S=klnW- Establishment of analogous nature of S= klnW to ds= dqrev/T. Calculation of S, A, G etc., from partition functions– calculation of equilibrium constants for very simple reactions. UNIT – V Fast reaction techniques: Introduction, flow methods (continuous and stopped flow methods)- Relaxation methods (T and P jump methods) – Pulse techniques (pulse radiolysis, flash photolysis, Shock tube method)- molecular beam method – lifetime method. Photochemistry and Radiation Chemistry:

7

Photophysical processes electronically excited molecules Jablonski diagram – Stern- Volmer equation and its applications – experimental techniques in photochemistry – chemical actinometers –lasers and their applications. Radiation Chemistry Differences between radiation chemistry and photochemistry – sources of high energy radiation and interaction with matter – radiolysis of water, solvated electrons – Definition of G value – Curie –Linear energy transfer LET and Rad – Scavenging techniques- use of dosimetry and dosimeters in radiation chemistry- application of radiation chemistry. References 1. F. Albert Cotton, Chemical Applications of Group Theory, Third Edition John Wiley &

Sons, Singapore 2003 2. Robert L. Carter, Molecular Symmetry and Group Theory John Wiley and Sons, Inc.,

New York, 1998. 3. R.L. Flurry, Jr, Symmetry Groups – Prentice Hall, New Jersy 1980. 4. B.E. Douglas and C.A. Hollingsworth, Symmetry in Bonding and Spectra – An

Introduction, Academic Press,New York, 1985. 5. S.F.A. Kettle, Symmetry and Structure, John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, 1985. 6. A.K. Chandra, Introductory Quantum Chemistry, 4th ed,. Tata McGraw Hill 1994. 7. Doggett & Sutelife, Mathematics for chemists, Longman Scientific & Technical, New

York, USA ,1995. 8. D.A. Mcquarrie, Quantum Chemistry, University Science Books, 1998. 9. F.L. Pillar Elementary Quantum Chemistry, McGraw Hill, 1968. 10. J.P. Lowe, Quantum Chemistry, Academic Press, 1978. 11. I.N. Levine, Quantum Chemistry, 5th edn, Prentice Hall, 2000. 12. P.W. Atkins, Molecular Quantum mechanics, Clarendon Press New York, 1973. 13. J. Goodisman, Contemporary Quantum Chemistry, Planum Press, New York, 1977. 14. R.K. Prasad, Quantum Chemistry, New Age International Publishers, New Delhi, 1997. 15. Horia Metiu, Quantum Mechanics, Taylor & Francis, New York, 2006. 16. Horia Metiu, Physical Chemistry, Kinetics Taylor & Francis, New York, 2006. 17. K.J. Laidler, Chemical Kinetics, 2nd ed., Tata McGraw Hill, 1975. 18. A.A. Frost and R.G.Pearson, Kinetics and Mechanism, John Wiley & Sons, New York,

1953. 19. D. A. Mc Quarrie and J. D. Simon, Physical chemistry, A Molecular Approach, Viva

Books Pvt Ltd, New Delhi, 2003. 20. J. N. Gurtu & A. Gurthu, Advanced Physical Chemistry, Pragathi Prakashan, Meerut ,

2006. 21. R. Stephen Berry, Stuart A. Rice and John Ross, Physical Chemistry 2nd edn, Oxford

Univ. Press, New York, 2000 22. J.I. Steinfeld, J.S.Francisco and W.L. Hase, Chemical Kinetics and Dynamics, 2nd edn,

Prentice Hall,New Jersey, 1999. 23. K.S. Gupta, Chemical Kinetics & Reaction Mechanism , RBSA Publishers, Jaipur,

india,1992. 24. R.K. Dave, Chemical Kinetics , Campus Books, 2000. 25. P.W. Atkins,Physical Chemistry, 7th edn, Oxford University press, 2002. 26. D. A. Mc Quarrie and D. Simon, Physical chemistry, A Molecular Approach ,Viva Books

Pvt. Ltd, New Delhi, 2003. 27. J. Rajaram and J.C. Kuriacose, Thermodynamics for Students of Chemistry – Classical,

Statistical and Irreversible, Shobhan Lal Nagin, New Delhi, 1981.

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28. D. A. Mc Quarrie, J. D. Simon, Molecular Thermodynamics, University Science Books, Sausalito, California, 1999.

29. F.W. Sears, Thermodynamics, Kinetic theory of Gases and Statistical Mechanics, 2nd Ed., Addition Wesley, 1972.

30. Horia Metiu, Physical Chemistry, Thermodynamics Taylor & Francis, 2006. 31. R.P.Wayne, Photochemistry, Butterworths,London(1970). 32. K.K.Rohatgi-Mukerjee, Fundamentals of Photochemistry , Wiley Eastern Ltd.,(1986) 33. G.Hughes, Radiation Chemistry, Oxford University Press (1973) 34. J.W.T Spinks and R.J. Woods, Introduction to Radiation Chemistry , 2nd ed., John Wiley

& Sons (1976).

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SUBJECT CODE TITLE OF COURSE CORE/ELECTIVE CREDITS L T P C

CHEP405 INORGANIC CHEMISTRY PRACTICAL

CORE 0 0 6 3

Semi-micro qualitative analysis of a mixture containing two common and two rare cations. Estimation of Copper, Ferric, Nickel, Chromium and Manganese using UV-Vis spectrophotometer. SUBJECT CODE TITLE OF COURSE CORE/ELECTIVE CREDITS

10

L T P C CHEP 406 ORGANIC

CHEMISTRY PRACTICAL - I

CORE 0 0 6 3

Qualitative Analysis of an organic mixture containing two components. Pilot separation, bulk separation, analysis, derivatization. Preparation of Organic compounds.(Single stage). (a) methyl –m- nitrobenzoate from methylbenzoate (nitration) (b) glucose pentaacetate from glucose (acetylation) (c) resorcetophenone from resorcinol (acetylation) (d) benzophenone oxime from benzophenone (addition) (e) o-chlorobenzoic acid from anthranillic acid (Sandmayer reaction) (f) P-benzoquinone from hydroquinone (oxidation) (g) Phenyl-azo-2-napthol from aniline (diazotization) References 1. A Textbook of Practical Organic Chemistry - A. I. Vogel. 2. Practical Organic Chemistry - Mann & Saunders. 3. A Handbook of Quantitative & Qualitative Analysis- H. T. Clarke. 4. Organic Synthesis Collective Volumes by Blat. 5. Reagents in Organic Synthesis by Fieser and Fieser.

.

11

SEMESTER – II

SUBJECT CODE TITLE OF COURSE CORE/ELECTIVE CREDITS L T P C

CHET 407 ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY - II

CORE 4 1 0 4

UNIT - I Instrumental methods of Analysis: Principles and Applications of Extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) – Surface extended X-ray absorption (SEXAFS) – Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS). Turbidimetry – Theory and Applications. Voltammetry : Current voltage relationship, characteristics of DME, half wave potential.

UNIT - II Data and Error Analysis Various types of Error – Accuracy, precision, significant figures – Frequency distributions, the binomial distribution, the Poisson distribution and normal distribution – Describing data, population and sample, mean, variance, standard deviation, way of quoting uncertainty, robust estimators, repeatability and reproducibility of measurements – Hypothesis testing, levels of confidence and significance, test for an outlier, testing variances, means t-Test, Paired t-Test – Analysis of variance (ANOVA) – Correlation and Regression – Curve fitting , Fitting of linear equations, simple linear cases, weighted linear case, analysis of residuals – General polynomial equation fitting , linearizing transformations, exponential function fit – r and its abuse – multiple linear regression analysis, elementary aspects. UNIT - III Electroanalytical techniques and Fluorescence spectroscopy: Electrochemical sensors, ion sensitive electrodes, glass – membrane electrodes, solid liquid membrane electrodes – ion-selective field effect transistors (ISFETs) – Sensors for the analysis of gases in solution – Amperometric gas sensors – Amperometric titrations: Principles- Apparatus –techniques – applications. Basic aspects of synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy – Spectral hole burning – flow cytometry – Instrumentation on fluorescence ratio – Fluorimeters (quantization). UNIT - IV Chromatography Solvent extraction – principles of ion exchange, paper, thin layer and column Chromatography techniques – Columns, adsorbents, methods, Rf values, McReynold’s constants and their uses – HPTLC, HPLC techniques – Adsorbents, columns, detection methods, estimations, preparative column – GC-MS techniques: methods, principles and uses.

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UNIT - V Gravimetric analysis Theory of Gravimetric Analysis : Introduction, solubility, solubility product, common ion effect, precipitation methods, the colloidal state, super saturation, precipitate formation. Co-precipitation, condition of precipitation, precipitation form homogeneous solution, purity of precipitates. Thermo analytical methods Principles and applications of Thermogravimetry Analysis (TGA) – Differential Thermal Analysis (DTA), Differential Scanning Colorimetry (DSC). Thermometric titrations. References

1. Fundamentals of Analytical Chemistry-Skoog, West and Holler, Saunders College Publishing VI Edition 1991, and VII Edition, 1996.

2. Text Book of Quantitative Inorganic Analysis – A.I. vogel, ELBS, III Edition, 1976, and IV Edition, 1985.

3. Vogel’s Text Book of Quantitative Chemical Analysis- A.I.Vogel, VI Edition, Pearson Education Ltd, 2001.

4. Analytical Chemistry –Gary D. Christian, Jhon Wilys & Sons, INC, V Edition, 2001. 5. Statistics for Analytical Chemistry – J.C. Miller and J.N. Miller, Ellis Harwood.

Chichester, 1984. 6. Instrumental Analysis – Gary D. Christian & James, E. O’Reilly, Allyn & Bacon Ino, II

Edition, 1986. 7. Analytical Chemistry – J.G. Diok, McGraw Hill Publishers, 1975. 8. Analytical Chemistry- An Introduction – Skoog, West &Holler, McGraw Hill Publishers,

1975. 9. Instrumental Methods of Chemical Analysis- G. W. Ewing, McGraw Hill Publishers,

1975. 10. Statistics for Analytical Chemists- R. Calcutta and R. Boddy, Champmann and Hall

Publications, London, 1982.

13

SUBJECT CODE TITLE OF COURSE CORE/ELECTIVE CREDITS

L T P C CHET 408 INORGANIC

CHEMISTRY - II CORE 4 1 0 4

UNIT-I Studies and applications of Lanthanides and Actinides Spectral and magnetic properties, use of lanthanide compounds as shift reagents, Modern methods of separation of lanthanides and actinides, Organometallic chemistry applications of lanthanide and actinide compounds in Industries UNIT – II Reactions and Catalysis by Organomatallics Organometallic reactions – Ligand association and dissociation – oxidative addition and reductive elimination – Insertion reactions – Reactions of coordinated ligands in organometallics - Hydrogenation, hydroformylation, epoxidation, metathesis, polymerization of olefins, olefin oxidation (Wacker process) and carbonylation of methanol UNIT III Hapticity, Ligand classification, synthesis and structure – The 18 electron rule – application and limitation- isolobal concept and its usefulness. Uses of typical organomettallics in organic synthesis such as metal alloys and organomettallic hydrides.Structure and bonding in metal carbonyls (simple and polynuclear ) nitrosyl complexes – bridging and terminal nitrosyls, bent and linear nitrosyls. Dinitrogen complexes. Metallocene and arene complexes.Metal carbenes , carbynes, carboxylate anions UNIT-IV Chemistry in Non- aqueous solvents Classification of solvents, properties, leveling effect, type reactions in solvents, chemistry of liquid ammonia, liquid dinitrogen tetraoxide and anhydrous sulphuric acid with respect to properties, solubilities and reactions. Nuclear and radiochemistry Radioactive decay and equilibrium, nuclear reactions, Q value, cross-sections, types of reactions, chemical effects of nuclear transformation, fission and fusion, fission products and fission yield UNIT V Coordination Chemistry – Reaction Mechanism Kinetics and mechanism of reactions in solution – labile and inert complexes – Ligand displacement reactions in octahedral and square planar complexes – acid hydrolysis, base hydrolysis and anation reactions – trans effect – theory and applications. Electron transfer reactions – electron exchange reactions – complementary and non-complementary types – inner sphere and outer sphere processes – Application of Electron transfer reactions in inorganic - isomerisation and racemisation reactions of complexes – Molecular rearrangement – Reactions of four and six-coordinate complexes – Interconversion between stereoisomers. Reactions of coordinated ligands – Template effect and its application for the synthesis of Macrocyclic ligands – Unique properties.

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References 1. J. E. Huheey, Inorganic Chemistry, 3rd ed., Harper & Row Publishers, Singapore. 2. Purcell and Kotz, Inorganic Chemistry, Saunders Golden Sunburst Series, W. B. Saunders

Company, Philadelphia. 3. S. J. Lippard and J. M. Berg, Principles of Bioinorganic Chemistry , Panima Publishing

Company, New Delhi, 1997. 4. W. Kaim and B. Schewederski, Bioinorganic Chemistry: Inorganic Elements in the

Chemistry of Life , John Wiley & Sons, New York, USA. 5. Cotton and Wilkinson, Advanced Inorganic Chemistry, 5th ed., Wiley Interscience

Publication, John Wiley & Sons, New York, USA. 6. Chem. Education, 62, No. 11, 1985, Bioinorganic Chemistry , State of the Art. 7. G. L. Eichorn, Inorganic Biochemistry, Volumes 1 & 2, 2nd ed., Elsevier Scientific

Publishing Company, New York, 1973. 8. F. A. Cotton and G. Wilkinson, Inorganic Chemistry, John Wiley & Sons, New York. 9. R. H. Crabtree, The Organometallic Chemistry of the Transition Metals, John Wiley &

Sons, New York. 10. S. E. Kegley and A. R. Pinhas, Problems and Solutions in Organometallic Chemistry,

University Science Books, Oxford University Press. 11. A. J. Pearson, Metalloorganic Chemistry, 12. A. W. Parkins and R. C. Poller, An Introduction to Organometallic Chemistry 13. I. Haiduc and J. J. Zuckerman, Basic Organometallic Chemistry 14. P. Powell, Principles of Organometallic Chemistry, 2nd ed., Chapman and Hall, London. 15. B. Douglas, D. H. McDaniel and J. J. Alexander, Concepts and Models of Inorganic

Chemistry, 2nd ed, John Wiley & sons, New York. 16. Oxford Chemistry Primers Series, No. 12, M. Bochmann Organometallics 1: Complexes

with transition metal-carbon �bonds and No. 13 M. Bochmann Organometallics 2: Complexes with transition metal-carbon �-bonds

17. J. P. Collman, L. S. Hegedus, J. R. Nortan and R. G. Finke, Principles and Applications of 0Organotransition Metal Chemistry, University Science Books. Mill Valley, California.

18. R. Hoffmann, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., Engl. 21, 711-800 1982.

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SUBJECT CODE TITLE OF COURSE CORE/ELECTIVE CREDITS

L T P C CHET 409 ORGANIC

CHEMISTRY - II CORE 4 1 0 4

UNIT I Aromaticity Aromaticity of benzenoid, heterocyclic and non-benzenoid compounds, Huckel rule, aromatic systems with pi electron compounds other than six pi electrons, non – aromatic (cyclooctatetraene, etc.,) and anti aromatic systems (cyclobutadiene, etc.,) systems with more than 10 pi electrons - annulenes. UNIT II Pericyclic Reactions and Rearrangements Concerted reactions – stereochemistry-orbital symmetry and concerted symmetry and correlation diagram –Frontier molecular orbital approach – Woodward and Hoffmann rules – Electrocylcic reactions – cycloaddition reactions – sigmatropic rearrangements – selection rules and examples with simple molecules – 1,3 and 1,5 hydrogen shifts –Cope and Claisen rearrangements. Other molecular rearrangements Wolff – Lossen – Schmidt – Favorski – Pummmerer and Hofman Freytas reagents UNIT III Reagents in Organic Synthesis Reduction: Catalytic hydrogenation – Wilkinson Catalyst, dehydrogenation, reduction with LAH, NaBH4, tertiarybutoxy aluminum hydride, NaCNBH3, tributyltin hydride, alkali metals for reduction, reductions involving hydrazines,Wolf Kishner reduction. Oxidation: Osmium tetroxide, Sharpless asymmetric epoxidation, Chromyl chloride, Ozone, DDQ, Dioxiranes, Lead tetraacetate, Selenium dioxide, DMSO with either Ac2O or Oxalyl chloride, Dess-Martin reagent. Synthesis involving phase transfer catalysis (PTC),use of crown ethers, Merrifield resin, Baker’s yeast UNIT IV Aromatic nucleophilic substitution reactions Aromatic nucleophilic substitution reactions, the SNAr mechanism, the aryl cation mechanism, the benzyne intermediate mechanism, aromatic nucleophilic substitution of activated halides – Ziegler alkylation, Chichibabin reaction. UNIT V Conformational Analysis Conformational analysis of simple cyclic (chair and boat cyclohexanes) and acyclic (n-butane) systems, conformation of simple 1,2 disubstituted derivatives –ethylene chlorohydrin and ethylene glycol, Conformational analysis and stereochemical features of disubstituted cyclohexanes (1,2 ; 1,3 ; 1,4 dialkyl cyclo hexanes), conformation and stereochemistry of cis and trans decalins, effects of conformation on reactivity in acyclic and cyclohexanes, Oxidation and acylation of cyclohexanols, reduction of cyclohexanones, esterification and hydrolysis of cyclohexane carboxylic acid derivatives.

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References 1. S.H. Pine, J.B. Hendrickson, D.J. Cram and G.S. Hammond, Organic chemistry, McGraw

Hill, 4th ed., 1980. 2. T.H. Lowry and K.S. Richardson, Mechanism and Theory in Organic Chemistry,Harper

and Row, 1976. 3. J. March, Advanced Organic Chemistry; Reactions, Mechanisms and Structure, 5th Ed.,

Willey, 2000. 4. R.K. Bansal, Reaction Mechanism in Organic Chemistry, Tata McGraw Hill, 1990. 5. F.A. Carey and R.J. Sundberg, Advanced Organic Chemistry, Parts A & B, Plenum,

2002.

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SUBJECT CODE TITLE OF COURSE CORE/ELECTIVE CREDITS

L T P C CHET 410 PHYSICAL

CHEMISTRY - II CORE 4 1 0 4

UNIT – I Quantum Chemistry – II & Group Theory Applications of Wave mechanics, the rigid rotator, harmonic oscillator – Hydrogen atom solution –Shapes and nodal properties of orbitals – Space quantisation – electron spin – Many electron atoms – one electron orbitals – Pauli principle – derminental form of wave function, Helium atom and effective nuclear charge- Approximation methods – Variation methods, application to Hydrogen and Helium atoms– Perturbation method for nondegenerate systems. Angular momentum in many electron systems – Spin orbit interaction, L-S and j-j coupling schemes. Atomic Structure Calculation – Self consistent field method for atoms – Hartree and Hartree Fock method for atoms. Vibrational spectra – symmetry properties of normal molecules – Symmetry co-ordinates – Selection rules for fundamental vibrational transition – IR and Raman activity of fundamentals in CO2, H2O, N2F2 – The rule of mutual exclusion and fermi resonance. UNIT – II Electrochemistry - I Electrolytic conductance Debye-Huckel-Onsager theory – Debye Falkenhagen and Wien effect. Electrode – electrolyte equilibrium, electrode potential – concentration cells – liquid junction potentials. Processes at Electrodes- The rate of charge transfer - current density – Butler – Volmer Equation –Tafel equation – Electrical double layer potential – Theory of multiple layers at electrode – electrolyte interfaces – Double layer capacity – Electrokinetic phenomena, Applications: Fuel cells and power storage. UNIT – III Electrochemistry - II Principles and applications of polarography – Instrumentation, Types of cells, advantages of dropping mercury electrode, interpretation of current voltage curves, tests for reversibility, determination of ‘n’ values (usefulness of Illkovic equation), polarographic maxima, current time curves, Modern developments, Oscillographic polarography, AC polarography – Cyclic Voltammetry, advantages over polarographic techniques – test of reversibility of electron transfer reactions – Chronopotentiometry – apparatus used, advantages over polarography – controlled potential coulometry. UNIT – IV Surface Phenomena and Kinetics Surface Phenomena: Gibbs adsorption isotherm – solid- liquid interfaces – contact angle and wetting –solid-gas interface – physisorption and chemisorption – Langmuir, BET isotherms – surface area determination. Kinetics of surface reactions involving adsorbed species – Langmuir-Hinshelwood mechanism, Langmuir – Rideal mechanism – Rideal –Eley mechanism. Some interfacial aspects on Micelles, Reverse micelles, Micro emulsions and Membranes.

18

Chemical Kinetics-II Application of ARRT to solution kinetics - Effect of solvent and ionic strength, influence of pressure on rates in solution - Enzyme catalysis- Mechanism of single substrate reactions – Michaelis Menton law –Kinetics of processes in micellar and reverse micellar systems. UNIT – V

Molecular Thermodynamics-II Third law-thermodynamics-Need for it-Nernst heat theorem and other forms of stating the third law. Thermodynamic quantities at absolute zero – Apparent exceptions to the third law. Thermodynamics of systems of variable composition – partial molar properties – chemical potential –relationship between partial molar quantities – Gibbs Duhem equation and its applications (the experimental determination of partial molar properties not included). Thermodynamic properties of real gases – fugacity concept – calculation of fugacity of real gas – Activity and activity coefficient – concept – definition – standard states and experimental determinations of activity and activity coefficient of electrolytes. References 1. F.A. Cotton, Chemical Applications of group Theory, 2nd ed., Wiley Eastern 1971 2. A.K. Chandra, Introductory Quantum Chemistry, 4th ed., Tata McGraw Hill, 1994 3. D.A. Mcquarrie, Quantum Chemistry, University Science Books, 1983. 4. J.P. Lowe, Quantum Chemistry, Academic Press, 1978. 5. I.N. Levine, Quantum Chemistry, Allyn and Bacon, 1983. 6. P.W. Atkins, Physical Chemistry, ELBS and Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1983. 7. S.Glasstone, Introduction to Electrochemistry, Affiliated East-West Press, 1968. 8. J.Albery, Electrode Kinetics, Clarendon Press, Oxford Chemical Series, 1979. 9. D.R.Crow, Polarography of Metal Complexes, Academic Press, New York. 10. Daniel C Harris, Quantitative Chemical Analysis, 4th ed., W. H. Freeman and Company,

New York, 1995 11. J. Rajaram and J.C.Kuriacose, Thermodynamics for Students of Chemistry – Classical,

Statistical and Irreversible, Shobhan Lal Nagin, New Delhi, 1981. 12. G.W.Castellan, Physical Chemistry, Narosa, New Delhi, 1986. 13. I. M. Klotz and P.M.Rosenberg, Chemical Thermodynamics: Basic Theory and Methods,

3 edn. W.A.Benjamin, New York, 1974. 14. K.J. Laidler, Chemical Kinetics, 2nd ed., Tata McGraw Hill, 1975. 15. A.A. Frost and R.G. Perason, Kinetics and Mechanisms, John Wiley & Sons, New York,

1953. 16. I.Amdur and G.G. Hammes, Chemical Kinetics Principles and Selected Topics, McGraw

Hill, New York, 1966. 17. M. Gratzel and K. Kalyanasundaram, Kinetics & Catalysis in Microheterogeneous

Systems, Academic Press, New York, 1991. 18. J.I. Steinfeld, J.S.Francisco and W.L. Hase, Chemical Kinetics and Dynamics, 2nd edn,

Prentice Hall, New Jersey, 1999. 19. R.K.Dave, Chemical Kinetics, Campus Books, 2000.

19

SUBJECT CODE TITLE OF COURSE CORE/ELECTIVE CREDITS L T P C

CHEP 411 PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY PRACTICAL

CORE 0 0 6 3

Any ten experiments (to be decided by the course teacher) out of the following experiments. a) Kinetics- Acid hydrolysis of ester- Comparison of strengths of acids. b) Kinetics- acid hydrolysis of Ester- Determination of energy of activation (Ea). c) Kinetics- Saponification of Ester- Determination of Ea by conductometry. d) Kinetics- Persulphate- Iodine reaction- Determination of order, effective of ionic strength

on rate constant. e) Determination of molecular weight of substance by Transition Temperature method. f) Determination of molecular weight of substances by Rast method. g) Determination of Critical Solution Temperature (CST) of phenol- water system and effect

of impurity on CST. h) Study of phase diagram of two components forming a simple eutectic. i) Study of phase diagram of two compounds forming a compound. j) Study of phase diagram of three components system. k) Determination of molecular weight of substances by cryoscopy. l) Determination of integral and differential heat of solutions by colorimetry. m) Polymerization- Rate of polymerization of acrylamide. n) Distribution law- Study of Iodine- Iodine equilibrium. o) Distribution law- Study of association of benzoic acid in benzene. p) Adsorption- Oxalic acid/Acetic acid on charcoal using freundlich isotherm.

20

SUBJECT CODE TITLE OF COURSE CORE/ELECTIVE CREDITS L T P C

CHEP 412 ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY PRACTICAL

CORE 0 0 6 3

Spectrophotometry

1. Determination of Iron/Cobalt. 2. Determination of dissociation constant of an indicator. 3. Determination of Binary mixtures. 4. Determination of Mn in Steel.

Potentiometry/ pH metry

1. Determination of pKa of an acid. 2. Determination of zinc with ferrocyanide. 3. Determination of ferrous ion with dichromate. 4. Determination of carbonate/bicarbonate and mixtures.

Polarography 1. Recording of a polarogram. 2. Determination of half-wave potentials of metal ions/ mixture of metal ions. 3. Determination of dissolved oxygen. 4. Cathodic, anodic and mixed current voltage curves. 5. Resolution of waves.

Gas Chromatography

1. Determination of efficiency of a column. 2. Determination of Rt values for various organic compounds 3. Resolution of mixtures-hydrocarbons, alcohols.

Biamperometry 1. Determination of ferrous with ceric sulphate 2. Determination of thosulphate

Flame Photometry 1. Determination of sodium, potassium and calcium 2. Determination of potassium in combined fertilizer 3. Determination of calcium in wine 4. Simultaneous determination of sodium and potassium in soil samples.

Nephelometry 1. Determination of sulphate Fluorimetry

1. Determination of Quinine. References 1. Instrumental Methods of Analysis-willard, Merit, Dean and Settle, CBS Publ. &

Distributors, VI Edition, 1986. 2. Text Book of Quantitative Analysis – A. I. Vogel, ELBS, III and IV Edition. 3. Instrumental Analysis – Gray D. Christian & James, E. O’Relly, Allyn & Bacon Inc, II

Edition, 1986. 4. Principles of Instrumental Analysis D. A. Skoog, Saunders College Pub. Co., III Edition,

1985.

21

SEMESTER – III

SUBJECT CODE TITLE OF COURSE CORE/ELECTIVE CREDITS L T P C

CHET 413 ORGANIC CHEMISTRY – III (Advanced Spectroscopic methods)

CORE 4 1 0 4

UNIT I Theoretical principles of Molecular Spectroscopy: Interaction of electromagnetic radiation with molecular systems – Time evolution of the systems under radiation – Einstein transition probability for induced absorption and spontaneous and stimulated emission – Transition moment and Oscillator strength Microwave spectroscopy – rotational spectra of diatomic molecules, rigid and nonrigid rotors, - Intensity of spectral lines, - Effects of isotopic substitution – Microwave spectra of polyatomic molecules – Linear and symmetric top molecules, Infrared spectra – diatomic molecules, simple harmonic and anharmonic oscillators, - diatomic vibrating rotator, rotation-vibration spectrum of carbon monoxide, - Interaction of rotation and vibration (breakdown of Born – Oppenheimer approximation) – Influence of the rotation on the spectrum of polyatomic molecules, linear and symmetric top molecules, parallel and perpendicular vibrations, Influence of nuclear spin. Raman spectra – Rotational Raman spectra of linear and symmetric top molecules – Vibrational Raman spectra, Rotational fine structure. Electronic spectra of diatomic molecules, - Vibrational coarse structure – Intensity of vibrational lines in electronic spectra – Rotational fine structure – Fortrat digram. UNIT II Advanced Spectroscopy : NMR 1H NMR Spectroscopy – Multiplicity – Coupling constant – First order and second order proton, Spin -spin splitting – Dependence of J on dihedral angle – Vicinal and geminal coupling constants – Karplus equation – long range coupling constants, Influence of stereochemical factors on chemical shift of protons. Simplification of complex spectra – Double resonance techniques, shifts reagents. Chemical spin decoupling of rapidly exchangable protons (OH, SH, COOCH, NH, NH2), an elementary treatment of NOE phenomenon. 13C NMR Spectroscopy – Basic theory of FT – NMR, Relaxation – Broad band decoupling. Off resonance decoupling and chemical shifts of common functional groups, DEPT spectra. Identification of small compounds based on NMR data. 2D Techniques: 1H – 1H COSY, 1H – 13C COSY – HMBC and NOESY. UNIT III Advanced Spectroscopy: UV –Vis, IR UV-Visible Spectroscopy : Introduction - Instrumentation, Sampling techniques - Woodward–Fieser and Scott rules for conjucated dienes and polymers, ketones, aldehydes, ∝,�-unsaturated acids, esters, nitriles, and amides. Differentiation of geometrical isomers and positional isomers – Disubstituted benzene derivatives - Study of steric effect in aromaticity. Infrared Spectroscopy : Introduction - Instrumentation, Sampling techniques, factors influencing group frequencies – Both internal and external – quantitative studies. Hydrogen bonding – (intermolecular and intramolecular).

22

UNIT IV Electron spin resonance spectroscopy: Basic principles – comparison between esr and nmr spectra – hyperfine splitting – factors affecting the magnitude of g – values – calculation of unpaired electron density on an atom in a delocalized system – applications to organic free radicals. Optical rotatory dispersion and circular dichroism : Introduction to theory and terminology – cotton effect – ORD curves – axial haloketone rule and its applications – octant rule – its applications – applications of ORD to determine absolute configuration of monocyclic ketones – comparision between ORD and CD – their inter relationships. Mass Spectrometry Instrumentation – Resolution, EI and CI methods – Base peak, isotopic peaks, metastable peak, parent peak, determination and use of molecular formula, recognition of molecular ion peak – FAB. Fragmentation – General rules – Pattern of fragmentation for various classes of compounds, McLafferty rearrangement, Importance of metastable peaks. UNIT V X-ray diffraction: X-ray diffraction by single crystal – Space groups –Systematic absences in X-ray data and identification of lattice types , glide planes and screw axes.X-ray intensities, structure factor and its relation to intensity and electron density , phase problem. Structure solution by Heavy atom method and direct method. Determination of absolute configuration of molecules. A brief account of Cambridge Structural Database (CSD) and Protein Data Bank (PDB). Electron Diffraction by gases - Scattering intensity vs Scattering angle, wierl equation, measurement technique, elucidate Zion of structure of simple gas phase molecules. Neutron diffraction by crystals – magnetic scattering, measurement techniques. Elucidation of structure of magnetically ordered unit cell. References 1. C.N. Banwell, Fundamentals of molecular Spectroscopy, 3rd ed., TMH, New Delhi, 1983. 2. B.P. Straughan and S.Walker Spectroscopy Vol.3, Chapman Hall London, 1976. 3. G.M. Barrow, Introduction to Molecular Spectroscopy, McGraw Hill, New York, 1964. 4. P.K.Ghosh, Introduction to Photoelectron Spectroscopy, John Wiley New York, 1989. 6. P.M. Silverstein, F. X. Wester, Spectroscopic Identification of Organic Compounds, 6th ed., Wiley 1998. 7. W. Kemp, Organic Spectroscopy, 3rd Ed., MacMillon, 1994. 8. J.R. Dyer, Applications of Absorption Spectroscopy of Organic Compounds, Prentice Hall, 1965. 9. Y.R. Sharma , Elementary Organic Spectroscopy – Principles and Chemical applications, S.Chand,1992. 10. P.S.Kalsi, Spectroscopy of Organic Compounds. 11. Clegg,W., Crystal structure determination, Oxford University press , New York,1998. 12.Stout,G.H., Jensen , L.H. X-ray structure determination : A practical guide , John wiley & sons Publication: New York,1989 13.Glusker, J.P., Trueblood,K.N. Crystal structure analysis: A primer., Oxford university press, New York, 1972.

23

SUBJECT CODE TITLE OF COURSE CORE/ELECTIVE CREDITS L T P C

CHET 414 ORGANIC CHEMISTRY - IV (CHEMISTRY OF

HETEROCYCLES & NATURAL

PRODUCTS)

CORE 4 1 0 4

UNIT – I Introduction to Heterocyclic Chemistry and Importance of Heterocycles Brief introduction to the course. Chemical structures of furan, pyrrole and thiphene, and degree of aromaticity. General syntheses methods for 5-member rings. Paal-Knorr synthesis. Feist-Benary synthesis of furans. Hantzsch and Knorr syntheses of pyrroles. Electrophilic substitution in this kind of rings, reactants employed and orientation of the substituent on the ring. Some heterocyclic ring opening in the case of furans. UNIT – II Benzoderivatives of five-membered heterocycles with one heteroatom Indole. Preparation of indole derivatives. Detail study of Fisher and Bischler syntheses. Mention of Madelung and Reissert methods. Preparation of benzofurans (coumarins). Influence of the imine group on the reactivity of the pyridine ring. Examples of nucleophilic substitution on pyridine derivatives. Study of the electrophilic substitution on pyridine derivatives and comparison with reactivity of benzene. Preparation of pyridine salts. Preparation of pyridine N-oxides and synthetic applications. Study of reactivity on side chain derivatives. Reactants to open the pyridine ring. UNIT – III Quinolines and Isoquinolines Skraup synthesis. Friedlander and Pfintzinger methods for quinolinic derivatives. Preparation of isoquinolines using Bischler-Napieralski and Pictet methods. Chemical properties. Electrophilic and nucleophilic substitution. Side chain reactivity. UNIT-IV Terpenoids and Carotenoids Classification, nomenclature, occurance, isolation, general methods of structure determination, isoperene rule. Structure determination, stereochemistry, biosynthesis, and synthesis of the following representative molecules: Citral, Gerniol, α-Terpenol, Menthol, Farnesol, Zingiberene, Santonin, Phytol, Abietic acid and β-Carotene. UNIT-V Alkaloids Definition, nomenclature and physiological action, occurrence, isolation, general methods of structure elucidation, degradation, classification based on nitrogen heterocyclic ring, role of alkaloids in plants. Structure, stereochemistry, synthesis of the following: Nicotine, Atropine, Quinine and Morphine.

24

Steriods Occurrence, nomenclature, basic skeleton. Diel’s hydrocarbon and stereochemistry. Isolation, structure determeination and synthesis of Cholesterol, Testosterone, Estrone, Progestrone. Reference 1. ¨ Acheson, R. M. An Introduction to the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds, third

edition, John Wiley and Sons, New York 1976. 2. ¨ Gilchrist, T. L. Heterocyclic Chemistry. Pitman Publishing. London 1985. 3. ¨ Paquette, L. A., Principles of Modern Heterocyclic Chemistry. W. A. Benjamin, Inc.

New York 1968. 5. Natural Products: Chemistry and Biological Significance, J. Mann, R.S. Hobbs, D. V.

Banthrope and J.B. Harborne, Longman, Esssex. 6. Organic Chemistry, Vol. 2, I. L. Finar, ELBS. 7. Stereoselective Synthesis: A Practical Approach, M. Nogradi, VCH. 8. Rodd’s Chemistry of Crabon Compounds, Ed. S. Coffey, Elsevier. 9. Chemistry, Biological and Pharmacological Properties of Medicinal Plants from the

Americas, Ed.Kurt Hostettmann, M.P. Gupta and A.Marston, Harwood Academic Publishers.

10. Introduction to Flavonoids, B. A. Bohm, Harwood Academic Publishers. 11. New trends in Natural Product Chemistry, Atta-Rahman and M. I. Choudhary, Harwood

Academic Publishers. 12. Insecticides of Natural Origin, Sukh Dev, Harwood Academic Publishers.

25

SUBJECT CODE

TITLE OF COURSE CORE/ELECTIVE CREDITS L T P C

CHEP415 ORGANICCHEMISTRY PRACTICAL-II

CORE 0 0 6 3

Quantitative analysis of organic compounds Estimation of phenol, aniline, ketone, glucose, nitrobenzene, saponification value of an oil and Iodine value of an oil. Preparation of organic compounds (Double stage) a. p-bromo acetanilide from aniline (acetylation and bromination). b. acetyl salicylic acid from methyl salicylate (hydrolysis and acetylation). c. 1,3,5-tribromobenzene from aniline (bromination, diazotization and hydrolysation). d. p-nitroaniline from acetanilide (nitration and hydrolysis). e. benzillic acid from benzoin (rearrangement). f. p-amino benzoic acid from p-nitro toluene (oxidation and reduction). g. benzanilide from benzophenone (rearrangement). h. p-bromoaniline from acetanilide (bromination and hydrolysis). i. m-nitroaniline from nitrobenzene (nitration and reduction). j. 1,2,4-triacetoxy benzene from hydroquinone (oxidation and acylation). References 1. A Textbook of Practical Organic Chemistry - A. I. Vogel. 2. Practical Organic Chemistry - Mann & Saunders. 3. A Handbook of Quantitative & Qualitative Analysis- H. T. Clarke. 4. Organic Synthesis Collective Volumes by Blat. 5. Reagents in Organic Synthesis by Fieser and Fieser.

26

SUBJECT CODE TITLE OF COURSE CORE/ELECTIVE CREDITS

L T P C CHEP 416 ORGANIC

CHEMISTRY PRACTICAL-III

CORE 0 0 6 3

Qualitative Analysis Separation, purification and identification of compounds of THREE components Mixtures, chemical tests. Derivatives etc. IR spectra to be used for functional group identification. TLC and Column Chromatography. Quantitative analysis Colorimetric and pH metry experiments. Three stage Organic preparations starting with 5g or less. (TLC Analysis is recommended) 1. Preparation of Benzanilide by Beckmann rearrangement. 2. Preparation of Antharanilic acid. 3. Preparation of Phthalimide. 4. Preparation of N- Bromosuccinamide. 5. Preparation of p- chloronitrobenzene by Sandmeyer reaction. 6. Preparation of p- Iodonitrobenzene by Sandmeyer reaction. 7. Pinacol- Pinacolone rearrangement. (Other suitable experiments may be added) Estimation of sulphur, nitrogen and functional groups, pharmaceutical analysis. Polyfunctional analysis. Project: Literature survey. Studies of reactions, synthesis, mechanism, isolation of natural products, standardization of reaction conditions, new methods etc.. Experiments as per requirement may be added. References 1. A Textbook of Practical Organic Chemistry - A. I. Vogel. 2. Practical Organic Chemistry - Mann & Saunders. 3. A Handbook of Quantitative & Qualitative Analysis- H. T. Clarke. 4. Organic Synthesis Collective Volumes by Blat. 5. Reagents in Organic Synthesis by Fieser and Fieser.

27

SUBJECT CODE TITLE OF COURSE CORE/ELECTIVE CREDITS

L T P C CHEE417 BIOLOGICAL

CHEMISTRY CORE 4 1 0 4

UNIT – I Bioorganic Chemistry – I Polypeptides and proteins – classification – the peptide linkage – sequentialanalysis of peptides – synthesis of polypeptides and synthesis of glutathione, oxytocinand thyroxine – solid phase synthesis (Merrifield synthesis).Classification of proteins – primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary structuresof proteins – denaturation of proteins – determination of primary structure of proteins(end group assay). UNIT – II Bioorganic Chemistry – II Nucleic acids – structure of nucleosides and nucleotides – synthesis ofnucleosides and nucleotides – Structure and role of (genetic code) DNA and RNA.(Determination of structure is not required).Biosynthesis of amino acids (phenylalanine, tyrosin, 3, 4 dopa, proline only) and cholesterol. UNIT – III Bioinorganic Chemistry Metal ions in biological systems – essential and trace elements, Na+ / K+ Pump; Biologically important complexes of Iron (transport proteins) – haemoglobin, myoglobin,iron – sulphur proteins, cytochrome – C, Magnesium (chlorophyll), Cobalt (vitamin B12),Zinc (carbonic anhydrase, carboxy peptidase); fixation of Nitrogen. UNIT – IV Plant Pigments Occurrence, nomenclature and general methods of structure determination. Isolation and synthesis of Apigenin, Luteolin, Mycetin, Quercetin-3-glucoside, Vitexin, Diadzein, Butein, Aureusin, Cyanidin-7-arabinoside, Cyandidin, Hirsutidin. Biosynthesis of flavonoids: Acetate pathway and Shikimic acid pathway. UNIT-V Porphyrins Structure and synthesis of Haemoglobin and Chlorophyll. Prostaglandins Occurrence, nomenclature, classification, biogenesis and physiological effects. Synthesis of PGE2 and PGF2α. Pyrethroids and Rotenones Synthesis and reactions of Pyrethroids and Rotenones. (for structure elucidation, emphasis is to be placed on the use of spectral parameters wherever possible).

28

References 1. Bioorganic Chemistry: A Chemistry approach to Enzyme action, Hermann Dugas and C.

Penny, Springer-Verlag. 2. Fundamentals of Enzymology, N.C. Price and L. Stevens, Oxford University Press. 3. Enzymatic Reaction Mechanisms, C.Walsh, W.H. Freeman. 4. General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry: Structures of Life, Karen C. Timberlake,

2nd Edition, 2006 5. Study Guide & Full Solutions Manual for Fundamentals of General, Organic, and

Biological Chemistry, John McMurry, Susan E McMurry , David Ballantine, Carl A. Hoeger, Douglas Peterson, 2009

6. Schaum's Outline Of General, Organic and Biological Chemistry, George Odian, Ira Blei, 1994

7. Lehninger’s Principle of Biochemistry by David L. Nelson and Michael M. Cox. W. H. Freeman; 4th edition (2004)

29

SUBJECT CODE TITLE OF COURSE CORE/ELECTIVE CREDITS

L T P C CHEE418 MEDICINAL

CHEMISTRY ELECTIVE 4 1 0 4

UNIT-I Introduction to Drugs and Their Action Drugs: Historical background-sources and classification of drugs-important terminologies in medicinal chemistry. Drug Action: role of intermolecular forces-drug targets: lipids, carbohydrates, proteins (enzymes, receptor) and nucleic acids as drug targets. Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics: administration, absorption, distribution, metabolism, elimination of drugs-bioavailability of drugs-side effects. UNIT-II Drug Discovery, Design and Development Identification of diseases and corresponding targets, bioassays and leads. Stereochemistry and solubility issues in drug design. Structure activity relationships (SARs): changing size and shape-introduction of new substituents. Quantitative structure activity relationships (QSARs): lipophilicity-electronic and steric effects- Hansch Analysis-Topliss decision tree. Chemical and process development of drugs. Preclinical trials: pharmacology, toxicology, metabolism and stability studies-formulation. Clinical trials: phase I-IV studiesethical issues. Patent protection. Regulation UNIT – III Antibiotics Analgesics and Antiseptics Antibiotics – synthesis, assay and structure and uses of penicilline, chloramphenicol and tetracyclines. Sulphonamides – mechanism and action of sulpha drugs, preparation and uses of sulphadiazine, sulphapyridine, sulphathiazole and sulphafurazole. Narcotic analgesics – isolation, pharmacological action and uses of morphine, heroin and codeine; Synthetic analgesics – pethidine and methodone; Antipyretic analgesics – synthesis and structure and action of methyl salicylate, aspirin, paracetamol and phenacetin; Antiseptics and disinfectants – phenol as disinfectant and phenol coefficient; dyes and organo mercurials and cationic surfactants. UNIT – IV Anaesthetics, Tranquilisers and Antineoplastics Anaesthetics – classification as general, local and intravenous anaesthetics, chemistry of anaesthetic ether, nitrous oxide, halothane, chloroform, thiopental sodium methohexitone, cocaine and benzocaine, Alkaloids – detection of alkaloids, colour reagents; Isolation, colour reaction and SAR of quinine; Tranquilisers, hypnotics and sedatives; Antineoplastic and hypoglycemic agents – detection of sugar and serum in urine; cause and control of diabetes; Oral hypoglycemic agents; causes and control of cancer; Preparation and uses of thiotepa and cyclophosphoramide. UNIT – V Organic Pharmaceutical Aids and Blood Chemistry Preservatives and antioxidants, colouring, flavouring and sweetening agents and ointment bases; Blood – blood groups, Rh factor, blood pressure - normal, high and low; control of pressure; Causes and control of anaemia- antianaemic drugs, coagulants and anticoagulants; causes and control of AIDS.

30

References 1) Fundamentals of Medicinal Chemistry by Gareth Thomas, John Wiley & Sons:

Chichester, 2003. 2) Medicinal Chemistry: An Introduction by Gareth Thomas, Wiley-Interscience, 2nd

edition, 2008. 3) An introduction to Medicinal Chemistry by Graham L. Patric, Oxford University Press,

USA, 3rd edition, 2005. 4) Wilson and Giswald’s Textbook of Organic Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry by

John Block and John M Beale (Eds), Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 11th edition, 2003. 5) The Organic Chemistry of Drug Design and Drug Action by Richard B. Silverman,

Academic press, 2nd edition, 2004. 6) Designing Organic Synthesis: The Disconnection Approach by Stuart Warren, Wiley, 2nd

edition, 1984. 7) Asymmetric Synthesis by H. B. Kagan, Thieme Medical Publishers, 2003. 8) Advanced Organic Chemistry: Part-A and Part-B by Francis A. Carey and Richard B.

Sundberg, Springer, 5th edition, 2007.

31

SUBJECT CODE TITLE OF COURSE CORE/ELECTIVE CREDITS

L T P C CHEE419 GREEN CHEMISTRY ELECTIVE 4 1 0 4 UNIT-I Introduction to green chemistry: Green chemistry-relevance and goals, Anastas’ twelve principles of green chemistry - Tools of green chemistry: alternative starting materials, reagents, catalysts, solvents and processes with suitable examples. UNIT-II Microwave mediated organic synthesis (MAOS): Microwave activation – advantage of microwave exposure – specific effects of microwave – Neat reactions– solid supports reactions _ Functional group transformations – condensations reactions – oxidations –reductions reactions – multi-component reactions. UNIT III Ionic liquids and PTC Introduction – synthesis of ionic liquids – physical properties – applications in alkylation – hydroformylations – expoxidations – synthesis of ethers – Friedel-craft reactions – Diels-Alder reactions – Knoevengal condensations – Wittig reactions – Phase transfer catalyst - Synthesis – applications. UNIT IV Supported catalysts and bio-catalysts for Green chemistry Introduction – the concept of atom ecomomy – supported metal catalysts – mesoporous silicas –the use of Biocatalysts for green chemistry - modified bio catalysts – fermentations and biotransformations – fine chemicals by microbial fermentations – vitamins and amino acids – Baker’s yeast mediated biotransformations – Bio-catalyst mediated Baeyer-Villiger reactions – Microbial polyester synthesis. UNIT V Alternative synthesis, reagents and reaction conditions: A photochemical alternative to Friedel-crafts reactions - Dimethyl carbonate as a methylating agent – the design and applications of green oxidants – super critical carbon dioxide for synthetic chemistry. References 1. Green Chemistry – Environmentally benign reactions – V. K. Ahluwalia. Ane Books

India (Publisher). (2006). 2. Green Chemistry – Designing Chemistry for the Environment – edited by Paul T. Anastas

& Tracy C. Williamson. Second Edition, (1998). 3. Green Chemistry – Frontiers in benign chemical synthesis and processes- edited by Paul

T. Anastas & Tracy C. Williamson. Oxford University Press, (1998). 4. Green Chemistry – Environment friendly alternatives- edited by Rashmi Sanghi & M. M.

Srivastava, Narora Publishing House, (2003).

32

SUBJECT CODE TITLE OF COURSE CORE/ELECTIVE CREDITS L T P C

CHEE 420 INDUSTRIAL CHEMISTRY

ELECTIVE 4 1 0 4

UNIT-I Basic ideas about unit operation – Flow charts – Chemical conversion – Batch versus continuous processing – Chemical process selection – Design – Chemical process control- Chemical process economics – Market evaluation – Plant location – Management for productivity and creativity – Research & Development and its role in chemical industries. Industrial safety measures – Fire extinguisher, Fire retardant materials – Fire retarding wood – Procedures for handling toxic chemicals UNIT-II Fuels. Fossil fuels- classification and unique features- Coal, Petroleum, natural gas. Biofuels: Biomass- biodiesel. Nuclear fuels: for various types of nuclear reactors. Hydrogen as fuel in the future, Hydrogen storage materials. Fuel cells – basic principle. UNIT-III Oils, fats, waxes and soaps Introduction-Distinction between oils and fats-properties and its classifications-animal fats and oilsdifference between, animal, vegetable and mineral oils-isolation of essential oils and their usessaponification value-ester value-acid value-iodide value-wijs method – Reichert meissel value-Henher value-elaident test-hydrogenation of oils – Soaps and its manufacture-general consideration in soap making – manufacture of toilet and transparent soaps – oil to be used for soap – cleansing action of soap Food chemistry: Food processing food preservatives and food additives. UNIT-IV Dyes Introduction-senation of colour- colour and constitution-nomenclature-basic operations in dyeingclassification of dyes according to the mode of application – synthesis, reaction an applications of diphenylmethane dyes-triphenylmethane dyes-phthalein dyes-xanthene dyes-acridine dyes-sulphur dyescyanine dyes. UNIT-V Polymer Chemistry Introduction - structure, classification of polymers, polymerisation methods, Importance of polymers, Molecular weight of polymers – Number average and weight average, Determination of molecular weight by osmometry, light scattering, viscosity and sedimentation methods, Kinetics of polymerisation reactions, polycondensation reactions, ionic and free radical polymerisation, copolymersation - coordination polymers, Conducting polymers.

33

References 1. Chemical Process Industries – Norrish Shreve, R. and Joseph A. Brink Jr. McGraw Hill,

Industrial Book Company, London. 2. Production and Properties of Industrial Chemicals – Brain A. C. S. Reinhold – New York. 3. Petroleum Products Hand Book. Guthrie V., McGraw Hill, Tokyo. 4. Industrial Chemistry (Including Chemical Engineering) – B. K. Sharma (10th Edition ) 5. Outlines of Chemical Technology – For the 21st Century – M. Gopala Rao & Matshall

Sittig (3rd Edition) 6. Source Book on Atomic Energy by S. Glasstone 7. Charles E. Carraher, Polymer chemistry, 6th edn, Marcel Dckker, Brijbasi Art Pvt.Ltd,

2003. 8. F.W.Billmeyer, Jr., A Text Book of Polymer Science, John Wiley and Sons, New York,

1971. 9. V.R.Gowariker, N.V. Viswanathan and Jayadev Sreedhar, Polymer Science, New Age

Publishers,New Delhi, 1986.

34

SEMESTER – IV

SUBJECT CODE TITLE OF COURSE CORE/ELECTIVE CREDITS

L T P C CHET 421 ORGANIC

CHEMISTRY- V ADVANCED SYNTHETIC METHODS

CORE 4 0 0 4

UNIT – I Disconnection approach An introduction to Synthons and synthetic equivalents, disconnection approach, functional group inter conversions, the importance of the order of events in organic synthesis, Regioselectivity ,one group C-X and two group disconnections, chemoselectivity, reversal of polarity,(Umpolung),Cyclisation reactions, Amine synthesis. Protecting Groups Principle of protection of alcohol, amine, carbonyl and carboxyl groups. i.e. Methods of protection and deprotection of alcohol, amines, carboxyl and carbonyl groups. UNIT – II Application of following reagents & reaction in synthesis. Complex metal hydrides, lithium dialkyl cuprate, lithium diisopropylimide(LDA) Dicyclohexylecarbodimide (DCC), Trimethyl silyl iodide, tributyl tin hydride, peracids, lead tetraacetate, PPA, Diazomethane , ozone, phase transfer catalyst, Woodward-prevost hydroxylation, Barton , Shapiro, Hoffmann-Loffler-Fretag reactions, Peterson synthesis, Selenium dioxide, Crown ethers, DDQ, periodic acid, Iodoisobenzyl diacetate. UNIT – III Application of following metals in Organic synthesis Pd, Hg, Rh, Tl, and Si UNIT – IV Application of the following in synthesis Merrifield resin, Polymeric reagents. Solid phase synthesis of polypeptide & oligonucleotides, electro-organic synthesis, enzyme catalyzed reaction in synthesis, UNIT – V Designing of organic synthesis. Applications of Microwave and Ultrasonication in Organic Synthesis, Green Chemistry, Aqueous reactions. . References 1. S.Warren: Designing of Organic synthesis 2. J. Fuhrhop & G. Benzlin. : Organic synthesis (2nd ed.) 3. Carruthres: Some modern methods of organic synthesis. 4. H. O. House: Modern synthetic reaction.

35

36

5. Fieser & Fieser: Reagent in Organic synthesis 6. R. O. C. Norman: Principle of organic synthesis 7. CAREY & Sundharg: Advanced organic Chemistry 8. P.E.REALAND: Organic synthesis 9. Bartan and Ollis: Comprehensive organic 10. R. Admas: - Organic reactions 11. Stone & West: Advances in organometallic Chemistry 12. C. W. Bird: Transition metal intermediate in organic synthesis 13. Swan & Black: Organometallics in Organic synthesis. 14. A. Mitre: Synthesis of Prostaglandin's 15. Apsimon: Total synthesis of Natural products 16. M. K. Mathur, C. K. Narang & R. E. Williams: Polymers as aid in organic synthesis 17. P. Hodge & D. C. Sherrington: Polymer supported reaction in organic synthesis. 18. C. J. Gray: Enzyme catalyzed reactions T. W. Green & P.G. M. Wats: Protecting groups

in Organic Chemistry 19. T.Shona: Electro-organic Chemistry 20. Weber & Gokel: Phase transfer catalyst in organic synthesis. 21. Protecting Group chemistry J. Roberton (OX.).