Semantic Gateway as Service for IoT Interoperability

Pratik Desai*, Amit Sheth**, Pramod Anantharam**

*Imbue Inc.,

**Ohio Center of Excellence in Knowledge-enabled Computing(Kno.e.sis),

Wright State University, USAPresentation for: IEEE 4th International Conference on Mobile Services, June 27 – July 2, 2015, NY, USA

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Increasing number of “Things” on IoT

Source: CISCO

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IoT has resulted in multiple vertical silos

Ap

p

Fitbit

Home Router

NEST IoT

Platform

Fitbit activitytracker

Healthsensor

Weighingscale

NEST

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Interoperability is an issue at each level

Network level Messaging level Data Annotation level

- Mostly sink nodes are resource constrained devices.

- In major cases, low power networking protocols such as ZigBee, Zwave, Bluetooth, etc. are used.

- Traditional protocols are also used i.e. Ethernet and WiFi.

- Applications and vendor dependent.

- Competing protocols for resource constrained devices are CoAP, MQTT and XMPP.

- Traditional HTTP RESTful methods are utilized at service level.

- Major IoT products have propriety data models.

- In most cases, without semantic annotations.

- Few attempts have been made to standardize data models, though still scattered.

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Attempts in similar vein

SemSOSSSN OntologyOGC SWE

Messaging Level:

Data Level:

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SGS: Semantic Gateway as Service as a semantic web based IoT solution

• Addresses the interoperability challenges at messaging and data model level.

• Enables knowledge based annotation of raw sensor data with seamless integration between heterogeneous architectures.

• Provides interface for high-level, semantic web enabled IoT services.

• Assists resource constrained devices by transferring complex computation to the gateway level.

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Semantic IoT architecture with a Gateway

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SGS: Semantic Gateway as Service bridges physical world with semantic services

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SGS: Multi-protocol proxy translate messages between sink nodes and application services

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SGS: Semantic Data Annotation converts raw data into semantically annotated information

SSW Introduction

lives in

has petis ahas pet

PersonPerson AnimalAnimal

Concrete Facts Resource Description Framework Concrete Facts Resource Description Framework

Semantic Web(according to Farside)

General Knowledge Web Ontology Language General Knowledge Web Ontology Language

“Now! – That should clear up a few things around here!”

is a

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RDF OWL

Semantic Sensor Networks (SSN)

How are machines supposed to integrate and interpret sensor data?

15Lefort, L., Henson, C., Taylor, K., Barnaghi, P., Compton, M., Corcho, O., Garcia-Castro, R., Graybeal, J., Herzog, A., Janowicz, K., Neuhaus, H., Nikolov, A., and Page, K.: Semantic Sensor Network XG Final Report, W3C Incubator Group Report (2011).

W3C Semantic Sensor Network Ontology

16Lefort, L., Henson, C., Taylor, K., Barnaghi, P., Compton, M., Corcho, O., Garcia-Castro, R., Graybeal, J., Herzog, A., Janowicz, K., Neuhaus, H., Nikolov, A., and Page, K.: Semantic Sensor Network XG Final Report, W3C Incubator Group Report (2011).

W3C Semantic Sensor Network Ontology

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Example of Semantic Annotation…

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SGS: Gateway service interface provides connectivity high-level IoT services

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SGS implementation with SemSOS

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Conclusion

• Proposes a novel solution that integrates semantic web technology with existing sensor communication protocols and service standards.

• Enables translation of messages between widely used messaging protocols for resource-constrained devices.

• Enhances service level interoperability such as integration with SemSOS.

• Addresses various interoperability challenges faced by real-world IoT deployments.

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Thanks

Link to the paper: http://knoesis.org/library/resource.php?id=2154