selection of tractor

SELECTION OF

TRACTOR AND

MATCHING IMPLEMENTS ?

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• How farmer can Select tractor and Matching Implements?

• How CFMTTI Test reports help him for proper selection?

Out line

How farmer can select tractor and

matching Implements

Selection of tractor?

• INDIA- Probably the Largest manufacturer of tractor in the world

• More than 21 tractor Manufacturers• More than 170 models in the range of 10 to

75 PTO hp

India27%

America's27%China

11%

W.Europe22%

E.Europe3%

Russia4%

Iran2%

Aus & New2% Africa

1%East Asia

1%

S.East Asia0%

Mahindra Gujarat Preet Tractors

Same Deutz-Fahr Angad Tractor

Sonalika InternationalStandard Tractors

TAFE, , Eicher Tractors

VST, Tractors

CaptainJohn Deere India

Escort, Field Marshal Force motors HMT Tractor Indo Farm

Mahindra & Mahindra Swaraj Mahindra

New Holland

http://www.preetagro.com/

http://www.samedeutz-fahr.com/

http://www.sasmotors.net/

http://www.standardtractor.com/

Present Tractor Selection Criteria• Large no. of manufacturers with different

type of marketing strategy has created a lot of confusion among the farmers as to which type of tractor and model is most suited to him.

• Also the tractor dealers, financer, relatives influences the decision and choice of buyer.

• Presently, no standardized procedure adopted to select a tractor.

• Mostly, farmers select the tractor without considering the need of their own farm and special feature of the tractor.

How to purchase a right tractor?

• Primary criteria

• Compute the suitable hp range of tractor

• Secondary criteria

• Selection of tractor within the known hp range.

Selecting the size of tractor

Size of land holding • High horse power tractor may remains under-

utilized causing financial loss• Low horse power tractor may not be able to

work in time Type of operation • For determining the horse power of the

tractor select the operation which is toughest and time consuming

Horsepower

• Brake • PTO• Drawbar

Max. PTO hp is the one most commonly used in designating the size of tractor

PTO Performance test

Power (kW)

Speed, (rpm) Fuel consumptionSpecific energy,

(kWh/l)P.T.O. Engine (l/h) (kg/h)Specific, (kg/ kWh)

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

a) Maximum power - 2 hours test:

24.8 600 2200 8.38 7.01 0.283 2.96

24.1 600 2200 8.10 6.77 0.281 2.98*

b) Power at rated engine speed (2200 rpm):

24.8 600 2200 8.38 7.01 0.283 2.96

24.1 600 2200 8.10 6.77 0.281 2.98*

c) Power at standard power take-off speed (540 10 rpm):

23.8 540 1980 7.62 6.37 0.268 3.12

23.2 540 1980 7.38 6.17 0.266 3.14*

PTO PERFORMANCE TEST

24.8 0.283

Selecting the size of tractorWorking time available

Soybean Sowing 10 July Harvesting 25 OctWheat Sowing 30 Nov Harvesting 30 MarchCritical time 25 Oct to 30 Nov

Calculating Critical time Weather records Break-downs Festivals Field Efficiency

Sample working days Chart

Month Rainy Days/Field wet Average Nos. of working days

April - 30

May 02 29

June 05 25

July 12 19

August 15 16

September

October

12

05

18

26

•Precipitation, excessive deficient soil moisture may effect field operations•Climatic region, slope of soil surface, soil type, drainage characteristics ,operation to be performed and traction devices are the important factor while calculating working days available.

Draft, Recommended Speed And Field Efficiency for various operations

Operations Kg of draft per meter of width

Typical speed,Km/hr

Field Efficiency,%

Ploughing (20cm deep)

Heavy clay soil

Clay loam

Silty loam

Sandy loam

1600

1400

1050

700

4.5

5.0

5.0

6.0

80

One way disc

Heavy draft

Medium draft

Light draft

600

450

300

6.0

6.0

6.0

80

Offset harrow

Heavy draft

Medium draft

Light draft

450

300

150

5.0

5.0

5.0

70

Seed drill

Heavy draft

Medium draft

Light draft

150

90

50

5.0

5.0

5.0

70

Theoretical field capacity (ha/hr) = Area(ha.) Time(hrs)

Theoretical field capacity (ha/hr)= Speed(Km/hr)xWidth 10

Effective field capacity = Theoretical field capacity x Field Efficiency

And

Also

Width of implement (m) =Theoretical field capacity (ha/hr) x 10

Speed(Km/hr) x Field Efficiency

Calculating horsepower requirement

Drawbar horsepower = Speed(Km/hr) x draft (Kg)

270

Soil condition Ratio of max PTO hp to dbhp

Firm soil condition

Tilled soil condition

Soft soil condition

1.5:1.

1.8:1

2.1:1

Net Engine power

Transmission

Axle

Power- take-off Drawbar

0.96 to 0.98

0.85 to 0.89

0.90 to 0.92

0.87 to 0.90

0.75 to 0.81

0.92 to 0.93

0.94 to 0.96

0.86 to 0.89

Maximum mechanical power performance expected

Gross flywheel

Net flywheel

Transmission Input

Power take off

Tractor type Tractive condition

Concrete Firm Tilled Soft

2WD 0.87 0.72 0.67 0.55

MFWD 0.87 0.77 0.73 0.65

4WD 0.88 0.78 0.75 0.70

Track 0.88 0.82 0.80 0.78

Drawbar

0.92

0.99

0.90 to 0.92

0.90 0.83

TRACTORS:

TRACTOR MODEL PTO Power,(Kw)

SFC (g/kWh)

Drawbar testPower,(Kw)

Speed, (kmph)

Gear

Tempo OX 25 18.2 258 15.0 10.17 H2Balwan 300 21.1 272 17.8 10.42 H2Bajaj Tempo OX 35 23.9 247 20.0 7.49

Balwan 400 24.0 253 20.8 7.81 L4Bajaj Tempo OX 45 31.5 247 26.7 8.03

Captain DI 2600 Mini 6.6 288 4.5 7.24 H2Eicher 242 NC 14.3 267 13.1 10.24

Eicher 312 22.4 239 18.6 7.93 H1Eicher 480 29.2 245 24.3 8.52 H1Eicher 485 30.2 241 27.2 14.47 H2Eicher 5660 35.6 258 30.7 9.56 L4Escort 435 (8+2) 23.6 245 21.6 11.29

Escort 430 (6+2) 20.6 252 18.9 7.02

Farmtrac 30 (Hero) 24.9 247 21.1 7.80 L4Farmtrac 35 (Champion) 26.3 239 23.4 12.0 H2Escort 440 (8+2) 27.5 260 21.8 11.51

Escort 450 31.2 250 25.8 8.64

Powertrac 455 35.2 244 29.3 9.26 H1Farmtrac 70 38.4 273 29.7 13.67

Mahindra B 275 DI (High Torque ) Bhoomiputra, Sarpanch & New Bhoomiputra)

25.5 257 21.3 8.46

Mahindra 255 DI 16.1 267 13.7 8.45

Mahindra 585 DI 31.8 251 26.4 8.44 L4Mahindra Arjun 555 DI - ULTRA1

35.9 238 29.3 14.06 H2Mahindra 595 DI Super Turbo

36.6 231 30.1 14.58 H2Mahindra Arjun 605 DI -ULTRA1

37.8 240 33.4 8.40 L4

New Holland 3030 24.8 254 20.7 9.87 H1New Holland 3230 28.6 250 23.2 9.68 H1New Holland 3630 TX 36.3 250 29.8 10.39 H1New Holland 5630 TX 47.6 251 42.1 11.06 H1

Preet 6049 36.3 289 31.7 10.74 H1Swaraj 722 Super 13.6 269 12.6 8.64

Swaraj 724 FE 16.5 255 13.6 6.07

Swaraj 733 FE 21.5 263 17.4 10.70 H2

Swaraj 939 FE 24.7 268 20.5 12.33 H2

Swaraj 735 FE 24.8 251 20.0 12.2 H2

Swaraj 744 FE 30.4 255 26.8 10.03

Swaraj 855 FE 34.3 245 28.5 10.74 H1

Sonalika International DI 730

18.2 266 15.4 8.65 Sonalika International DI 730 III

20.9 269 17.9 7.77 H1Sonalika International DI 735 III

25.4 258 22.4 8.62 H1Sonalika International DI 745 III

28.6 263 23.5 8.65 H1Sonalika International DI

750 28.9 264 25.5 10.08

Sonalika International DI

750 III 33.5 255 26.2 10.78

Sonalika International DI 60 39.4 254 32.5 10.31 H1

TAFE 2750 DI 17.5 253 16.8 14.60 H2

TAFE 30 DI (3 cylinder)

20.8 261 17.3 9.61

Massey Fergusson 1035 ‘S’ 20.9 300 17.5 8.47

Massey Fergusson 1035 21.6 347 18.5 8.34

TAFE 4410 Samrat 28.8 232 23.7 10.70 H1

TAFE MF 245 30.2 258 25.5 9.61

TAFE 5900 Gajraj 38.0 266 31.5 10.95 H1

MF 375 ET 55.5 284 47.6 10.77

Trishul MT-625 6.4 303 5.3 7.43 H2

HMT 2522 16.1 266 13.1 6.66 H2

HMT 4022 27.4 259 23.4 8.45

HMT 4922 31.5 253 27.7 10.20 H2

HMT 6522 40.7 245 35.4 10.53 H2

HMT 7511 47.6 247 39.5 10.49

Indofarm 2030 DI 20.4 273 17.0 12.84 H2

Indofarm 2035 DI 23.5 267 20.6 9.71 H1

Indofarm 2040 DI 24.5 257 19.9 12.20

Indofarm 2050 DI 31.6 274 26.3 12.12

L&T John Deere 5103 Collarshift

24.4 266 18.7 9.23 B1

L&T John Deere 5203 SCollarshift

32.5 238 23.7 9.68 B1

L&T John Deere 5310 Collarshift

40.8 232 32.7 13.98 H1

• Less breakdown

• Can sustain more overload

• Longer overhaul period of aggregates

Dependable Reliable and durable

Farmers buying behavior

Less Initial, operating, repair and maintenance cost

• Less tractor price

• Fuel Efficient

• Less oil capacity

• Less oil Consumption

• Cheaper spares

• Less maintenance

Performance

• Power

• Quality of Work output

• Performance of Engine

• Performance Of Transmission

• Performance of hydraulic

• Performance of other components

• Suitability for different operation

ENGINE CONSIDERATIONS• When tractor engine power requirements have

been decided, the characteristics of engines are also more important.

• it is very important to understand how the engine performance characteristics affect the tractor’s overall performance.

• Other than power level of the engine, the three most significant characteristics of the engine to be considered for better design of tractor are -

• Torque back up• specific fuel consumption• Operating speed range

Torque Back-up (Lugging Ability)

On encountering an increase in load when working already at maximum power the engine quite naturally reduces speed.

It is important under these conditions that the engine characteristics provide an increase in torque so that the traction or PTO power may be maintained to overcome the temporary increase in loading.

This is called as "Lugging Ability" or "Torque backup" of the engine.

A torque backup of 10% is considered to be minimum preferred value and is required for agricultural use to ensure that the engine is capable of continuing to work when the load is increased.

Engine Operating Speed Range

• The term “engine operating speed range” refers to the engine speed range between the speed where full throttle peak torque occurs, and maximum governed engine speed

• Maximum engine performance is normally available when engine speeds are maintained within the “engine operating speed range”.

• Tractors should be able to work between rated speed to 50-55 percent of rated speed.

PTO performance characteristics(Natural Ambient)PTO performance characteristics(Natural Ambient)

0

4

8

12

16

20

24

28

800 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000 2200 2400 2600

Speed (rpm)

Po

we

r (

kW )

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

Eq.

cran

ksha

ft to

rque

( N

m )

Pow er at full throttle Pow er at part throttle Eq.CST at full throttle Eq.CST at part throttle

3030

Fuel Consumption

• Lower Fuel consumption of an engine has become somewhat increased interest due to increased competition and legislated minimum performance standards of tractors in India.

• Although the SFC at maximum power is of more interest to meet the standards, it should also be of more interest to reduce the fuel consumption at 85% of maximum power which often represents perhaps the most typical operating condition of the tractor engine.

Emission and Smoke level

Consideration to meet the emission levels and smoke levels legislated by Central Motor Vehicle Rules

Max. smoke density -75 Hartridge

CO - 5.5 g/kilo watt hours

HC+ NoX - 9.5 g/kilo watt hours

PM - 0.8 g/kilo watt hours

PTO performance characteristics(Natural Ambient)PTO performance characteristics(Natural Ambient)

200

250

300

350

400

450

500

550

800 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000 2200 2400 2600

Engine speed ( rpm )

Sp

ecif

ic f

ue

l co

ns

um

pti

on

(g/k

Wh

)

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

Ho

url

y f

ue

l co

ns

um

pti

on

( k

g )

SFC at full throttle SFC at part throttle

Hourly fuel consumption Hourly consumption at part throttle

3333

TRANSMISSION CONSIDERATIONS

• Number of gears required (forward and reverse)

• Overall gear-ratio in each gear.• Type of transmission


o Type of transmission depends on the field operation to which tractor is going to be used much.

o For a tractor required for sustained power field work, a mechanical transmission will give greater efficiency than a hydrostatic type.

o The hydrostatic transmission is useful under circumstances in which there are frequent changes of direction and speed.


• For draft works such as plough, harrow, etc, the number of gear ratios may be very limited, say 6 to 12.

• As the use of PTO powered machinery grows in number, it is very important to have more number of gear ratios.

• A good gear selection has ground speeds at rated engine speed increasing in steps of one or two km/h for each gear with a few road speed gears above 20 km/h.


• Tractor gear ratios should be spread evenly over the working range, with sufficient overlap between each gear.

• Normally, if an engine is capable of maintaining from 80 to 100% of its rated engine speed, then the transmission needs to provide ratios of 20% between speeds.

• Similarly, if an engine were capable of maintaining full horsepower from 70 through 100% rated engine rpm, then a 30% drop in ground speed would still allow full performance to be achieved

Brand Mahindra Mahindra Mahindra Mahindra Mahindra

Model 255 DI 265 DIB 275 DI High

Torque595 Super turbo

Arjun 605 DI Ultra1

Test Report Number T-390/802-99 T-241/562-1990 T-387/799-1999 T-492/968-2004T-598/1100-

2007

Engine

1.No. of Cylinder 2 3 3 4 4

2.Bore/Stroke (mm) 88.9/101.6 88.9/96 88.9/101.6 88.9/101.6 94/115

3.Displacement (cc) 1261 1788 1892 2523 3192

4.Rated rpm 2550-2650 2300 2600 2100 2100

5. PTO Power (Ps) 21.9 29.3 34.6 49.76 50.57

6. SFC (gm/PTO-Hp-hr) 196.37 193 189 169.9 189

7. Maximum Torque (kgf-m) / rpm

6.99 /1404 10.20/1375 10.72 20.86/1144 19.68/1299

8. Drawbar Power (Ps) 18.9 27.1 29 40.92 41.74

9. Cooling System Water Cooled Water cooled Water Cooled Water Cooled Water Cooled

Transmission

1. Clutch Type Dry, single plate Dry, Single plate Mech, Dry Dual Disk Dry Dual Dry Dual

2. Gear box TypeSliding cum

constant mesh

Sliding cum constant mesh

Sliding cum constant mesh

Sliding Cum Constant mesh

Constant mesh

3. Gear box Speed 8+2 8+2 8+2 8+2 8+2

4. Forward speed (km/hr) (max/min)

27.1/2.55 28.95/ 2.76 27.45/2.59 32.24/3.05 31.86/3.13

5. Reverse speed (km/hr) (max/min)

11.29/3.87 12.13/ 4.13 11.45/3.93 13.54/4.62 13.62/4.79

6. PTO Type Non independent Non Independent Non Independent Independent Independent

7. Final Drive Straight hub Hub Hub Hub



Torque595 Super

turboArjun 605 DI

Ultra1

Steering

1 Type RCB RCB RCB RCB Hydrostatic

2. Drop arm Single Single Drop arm Single Drop

3. Mechanical/ Hydrostatic Mechanical Mechanical Mechanical Mechanical Hydrostatic

Brake Type Mech, Dry disk Mech, Dry Disk Mech, Dry Dual Disk Mech, Dry Disc Mech, Wet Disc

Hydraulic

1. Type Live ADDC Live ADDC Live ADDC Live ADDC Live ADDC

2. Lifting Capacity at hitch point (Kgf)

1145 939 959 1567.3 1487.76

3. Draft Sensing Top Link Top Link Top Link Top Link Top Link

Testing Performance

1. Smoke Level (Bosch No.) 1.96 1.5 3 3.25

2. Noise Level at operator ear (dBA) 95 99 96 95 92

3. Vibration at the seat (Micron) 50 44 60 50 130

4. Back up torque (%) 14.9 9.4 18.1 16.1

5. Turning Diameter (meter) 5.76 6 5.7 5.94 7.11



Torque595 Super turbo

Arjun 605 DI Ultra1

General Information & Capacity

1. Tractor Weight without ballasted (Kgf)

1745 1735 1790 2120 2455

2. Weight Distribution front (Kgf) 635 650 710 820 945

3. Weight Distribution rear (Kgf) 1110 1085 1080 1300 1510

4. Diesel Tank capacity (lit) 50.3 52.6 50 56 65

5. Coolant capacity (lit) 6.9 9.75 7 6.5 11.4

6. Engine Oil capacity (lit) / drain duration

4.45 / 200 4.32/ 120 4.5/200 9/250 7.5/300

7. (Transmission + Hydraulic) Oil capacity / drain duration

33 / 1000 20/ 900 31/1000(28+9.7) /

(500/1000)40/1200

Extra feature (Y/N)

1. Provision of Coolant Recovery tank

N N N Y Y

2. Provision of Oil Cooler N N N Y Y

3. Specialty

Dry Type Air Cleaner,Turbocharger

Provided, Separate Hydraulic Reservoir

Dry Type Air Cleaner, CR PTO,

Front Axle

Mounting Bracket

Brand Eicher Eicher Eicher Eicher Tempo

Model 242 NC 312 NC 368 485 Ox- 35

Test Report Number T-342/733-97 T-346/ 675-1995 T-395/809-2000 T-454/905 T-369/774-99

Engine


2.Bore/Stroke (mm) 115/150 100/114 100/125 100/125 90.9/100

3.Displacement (cc) 1557 1790 2945 2945 1947

4.Rated rpm 1620-1685 2150 2120-2180 2100 2200

5. PTO Power (Ps) 20.1 27.5 34 41.06 32.5

6. SFC (gm/PTO-Hp-hr) 196.37 190 183 177.25 182


8.2/1155 9.84/1204 13.51/1244 16.87/1300 11.59/1256

8. Drawbar Power (Ps) 17.94 25.42 28 36.98 27.2

9. Cooling System Air cooled Air cooled Air Cooled Air Cooled Water Cooled

Transmission

1. Clutch Type Dry Single Plate Dry Single Plate Dry Single Plate Dry Single Plate Dry Single Plate

2. Gear box Type Sliding MeshSliding Cum Constant

MeshSliding Cum

Constant MeshSliding Cum

ConstantSynchromesh

3. Gear box Speed 8+2 8+2 8+2 8+2 8+4

4. Forward speed (km/hr)(max/min)

25.33/2.31 26.32/3.61 27.06/2.70 28.73/3.92 28.98/2.06


3.62/11.38 10.73/3.61 11.65/3.92 11.67/3.92 14.50/3.60

6. PTO Type Non-Independent Non-Independent Non-Independent Non- Independent Non-Independent

7. Final Drive Hub hub hub Hub Epicycle


Model 242 NC 312 NC 368 485 Ox- 35

Steering

1. Type Warm & roller Warm & roller Warm & Roller Warm & Roller RCB

2. Drop arm Single Single Single Single Drop Single

3. Mechanical/ Hydrostatic

Mechanical Mechanical Mechanical Mechanical Mechanical

Brake TypeMech, Dry

DiscMech, Dry Disc

TypeMech, Disc Type Mech, Dry Disc

Mech, Oil Immersed Multi-Disc

Hydraulic

1. Type Live ADDC Live ADDC Live ADDC Live ADDC Non-Live ADDC


897 664 1149 1612.17 1394


Testing Performance

1. Smoke Level (Bosch No.)

1.7 2.2 1.4 2.2 3.64

2. Noise Level at operator ear (dBA)

101 102 97 98 97

3. Vibration at the seat (Micron)

190 240 190 110 75

4. Back up torque (%) 13.9 9.3 18.3 23.5 9.3

5. Turning Diameter (meter)

5.6 5.75 6.78 6.4 6.5


Model 242 NC 312 NC 368 485 Ox- 35



1750 1735 1820 2045 1835

2. Weight Distribution front (Kgf)

680 660 720 710 720

3. Weight Distribution rear (Kgf)

1070 1075 1100 1335 1115

4. Diesel Tank capacity (lit) 35.5 37.7 48 49.5 61

5. Coolant capacity (lit) 8


5/200 6.5/120 9/200 9/200 4.4/250


14/800 10.5/750 13/800 (41.5+11.3)/1000 27/1000

Extra feature (Y/N)


N N N N N

2. Provision of Oil Cooler N N N N N

3. SpecialtyEpicycle Final

Drive

Brand HMT HMT HMT Escort Escort

Model 2522 3522 5911 440XL 335 Josh

Test Report Number T-402/822-00 T-296/660 T-251/585-1991 T-394/807-2000 T-575/1070

Engine


2.Bore/Stroke (mm) 95/100 95/110 100/110 105/105 102/120

3.Displacement (cc) 1558 2340 3456 2727 1960

4.Rated rpm 2100 2100 2200 2200 2100

5. PTO Power (Ps) 21.2 30.6 50.6 39.7 28.3

6. SFC (gm/PTO-Hp-hr) 205.2 187 194 186 201.5

7. Maximum Torque (kgf-m) / rpm 8.56/1200 12.6/1242 18.07/1738 14.9/1164 11/1300

8. Drawbar Power (Ps) 18.35 25.3 46 31.8 23.38

9. Cooling System Water cooled Water Cooled Water Cooled Water Cooled Water Cooled

Transmission

1. Clutch Type Dry Dual Dry Dual Mech, Wet Disc Dry Single Plate Dry Single Plate

2. Gear box TypeSliding Cum

Constant Mesh

Sliding Cum Constant

Mesh

Sliding Cum Constant With Epicycle Reduction For

High-LowSliding Mesh Constant Mesh

3. Gear box Speed 10+2 8+2 10+2 8+2 8+2


17.03/0.81 28.14/1.93 34.42/2.20 27.96/2.40 27.99/2.54


4.70/1.15 12.66/3.68 13.01/3.84 13.20/3.26 10.3/3.32

6. PTO Type Independent Independent Fully Independent Non-Independent Non-Independent

7. Final Drive hub hub Hub Hub Hub


Model 2522 3522 5911 440XL 335 Josh

Steering

1. Type RCB Warm & Roller RCB RCB RCB

2. Drop arm Single Single Single Drop Double Drop Double Drop



Brake TypeMech, Internal

Expanding shoe type

Mech, Internal Expanding

Shoe

Hydraulic Shoe Type

Mech, Dry Disc

Mech, Dry Disc

Hydraulic

1. Type Non-Live ADDC Live ADDCNon-Live

ADDCNon-Live

ADDCLive ADDC


545.63 1112 2134 1227 1395

3. Draft Sensing Top Link Top Link Top Link Top Link Lower Link

Testing Performances


2.3 3.3 2


98 96 104 97 97


160 95 51 75 220

4. Back up torque (%) 18 23.1 6.9 15.1 18.4


5.95 6.05 6.59 6.26 5.65


Model 2522 3522 5911 440XL 335 Josh



1460 1900 2370 2005 1765


540 700 840 730 710


920 1200 1530 1275 1055

4. Diesel Tank capacity (lit)

39.5 40 79.5 43.8 41.8

5. Coolant capacity (lit) 7 7.9 11.5 8.7 5.6


5/175 6.5/125 11.5/175 7.7/250 6/250


15/1000 16.5/1000 23.5/1000 41/850 26.5/600

Extra feature (Y/N)


N N N N N


3. Specialty Ground PTO

Brand Swaraj Swaraj Swaraj Farmtrac Farmtrac

Model 724 FE 733 FE 735 FE 30 Hero 35Champion

Test Report Number T-413/840-01 T-368/773-98 T-383/792-99 T-472/937 T-483/955

Engine


2.Bore/Stroke (mm) 100/110 110/116 100/110 91/110 91/110

3.Displacement (cc) 1728 2204 2592 2150 2146

4.Rated rpm 2000 2000 2000 2200 2200

5. PTO Power (Ps) 22.1 28.6 32.3 33.85 35.75

6. SFC (gm/PTO-Hp-hr) 197 199 188 181.66 175.78


7.89/1350 12.2/1298 13.54/1400 12.98/1051 13.68/1210

8. Drawbar Power (Ps) 18.4 27.73 27.5 26.64 31.81

9. Cooling System Water Cooled Water Cooled Water CooledWater

CooledWater Cooled

Transmission

1. Clutch Type Dry Single Plate Dry Single Plate Mech, Dry Dual DiscDry Single Plate

Dry Single Plate

2. Gear box Type Sliding Mesh

Sliding Mesh With Epicycle Gear Reduction for High-Low

Sliding Cum ConstantConstant

MeshConstant Mesh

3. Gear box Speed 6+2 6+2 6+2 8+2 8+2


25.33/2.31 25.14/2.30 25.21/2.32 29.23/2.74 29.26/2.74


11.38/2.89 11.30/2.88 11.41/2.90 14.09/3.94 14.11/3.95

6. PTO Type Non-Independent Non-Independent Non independentNon Independent Non Independent

7. Final Drive Straight Hub straight hub Hub

Steering

1. Type Warm & Roller Warm & Roller RCB RCB RCB

2. Drop arm Single Single Single Double Drop Double Drop

3. Mechanical/ Hydrostatic Mechanical Mechanical Mechanical Mechanical Mechanical

Brake Type Mech, Dry DiscMech. Dry Disc

Brake

Mesh, dry dual disk

Mech, Dry Disk

Mech, Dry disc

Hydraulic

1. Type Non-Live ADDC Non-Live ADDCNon-Live

ADDCLive ADDC Live ADDC


947 986 1025 1101.29 1093.13


Testing Performance

1. Smoke Level (Bosch No.) 2.44 4 4.52 1.64 2.5


96 99 97 94 95

3. Vibration at the seat (Micron) 58 100 34 28 30

4. Back up torque (%) 13.7 19.5 17.4 15.2 17.7

5. Turning Diameter (meter) 5.62 5.7 5.94 5.76

Brand Swaraj Swaraj Swaraj Farmtrac Farmtrac

Model 724 FE 733 FE 735 FE 30 Hero 35Champion


1. Tractor Weight without ballasted (Kgf) 1730 1750 1785 1860 1885

2. Weight Distribution front (Kgf) 655 650 675 710 700

3. Weight Distribution rear (Kgf) 1075 1100 1110 1150 1185

4. Diesel Tank capacity (lit) 43.2 42.9 44.7 50 50

5. Coolant capacity (lit) 6 7.5 6.3 7.4 7.6


6.48/250 5/250 7.7/250 6/300 6.2/300


45.5/1600 47/1600 47/1600 12/1200 11.80/1200

Extra feature (Y/N)

1. Provision of Coolant Recovery tank N N N N N

2. Provision of Oil Cooler N Y N N N

3. Specialty

Brand Tafe Tafe Tafe MF Sonalika

Model 25 DI MF 1035 DI MF-241 Planetary

Drive5245 DI MAHAN International DI-732

Test Report Number T-253/587-1991 T-315/690-1995 T-680/1186/2009 T-464/921-2003 T-400/820-2000

Engine


2.Bore/Stroke (mm) 91.4/127 88.9/127 91.44 91.4/127 88.9/96

3.Displacement (cc) 1670 2365 2500 2500 1788

4.Rated rpm 2000 2000 2000 2250 2250

5. PTO Power (Ps) 21.7 33.9 38.74 41.87 26.6

6. SFC (gm/PTO-Hp-hr) 189 179 179.46 179.46 217


8.45/1433 13.6/1350 15.38/1408 9.16/1553

8. Drawbar Power (Ps) 20.9 29.6 33.9 36.98 22.7

9. Cooling System Water Cooled Water Cooled Water Cooled Water Cooled Water Cooled

Transmission

1. Clutch Type Dry Single Plate Dry Single Plate Dry Diaphragm Dry Single Plate Dry Single Plate

2. Gear box TypeSliding Cum Constant

With Epicyclic Reduction


Sliding Cum Constant With Epicycle

Gear Reduction

Sliding Mesh With Epicycle Gear Reduction for

High-Low


3. Gear box Speed 6+2 6+2 8+2 8+2 6+2


23.21/2.16 24.44/2.27 29.50/2.23 35.64/2.70 28.58/2.43


11.76/2.94 12.38/3.10 12.21/3.04 14.71/3.68 11.94/3.04

6. PTO Type Non-Independent Independent Independent Independent Non-Independent

7. Final Drive Hub Hub EpicycleFloating , Not

StraddleHub

Brand Tafe Tafe Tafe MF Somalia



Steering

1. Type Ribs RCB RCB RCB Warm & Screw

2. Drop arm Double Drop Double Drop Double Drop



Brake TypeMech, Dry Dual

DiscMechanical Dry

Disc Mechanical Wet

DiscMech, Internal Expanding

Disc Mech, Dry Disc

Hydraulic

1. Type Live ADDC live ADDC Live ADDC Live ADDC Non-Live ADDC


1006 883 996.2 900.4 1014

3. Draft Sensing Top Link Top Link Top Link Top link Top Link

Testing Performance


0.6 2.3 4.28


94 95 95 99 98


65 340 75 75 45

4. Back up torque (%) 8.33 8.2 10.2 15.2 7.67


5.16 5.6 5.35 6.58 6.26

Brand Tafe Tafe Tafe MF Somalia





1510 1635 1940 1990 1925


615 620 740 770 805


895 1015 1200 1220 1120

4. Diesel Tank capacity (lit) 32 31.1 44.25 45.4 41.5

5. Coolant capacity (lit) 8.3 5.4 10.25 10.6 7.5


4.55/200 6/200 6.7/200 6.5/200 6/250


27.75/750 26/750 28/1000 32/750 49/1800

Extra feature (Y/N)


N N N N N


3. SpecialtySpark Arresting Device

Provision

Brand L & T JD John deer L&T John deer

Model 5103 (Collar shift ) 5310 Collar shift

Test Report Number T-422/854-2001 T-678/1179-2009 T-391/803-1999

Engine

1.No. of Cylinder 3 3 3

2.Bore/Stroke (mm) 106.5/110 106.5/110 106.5/110

3.Displacement (cc) 2900 2940 2900

4.Rated rpm 2300 2300 2400

5. PTO Power (Ps) 33.2 32.76 50.8

6. SFC (gm/PTO-Hp-hr) 196 197 179

7. Maximum Torque (kgf-m) / rpm 14.2/1369 13.50/1201 18.15/1346

8. Drawbar Power (Ps) 25.4 26.24 43.2

9. Cooling System Water Cooled Water Cooled Water Cooled

Transmission

1. Clutch Type Dry Dual Dry Single Plate Dry Dual

2. Gear box Type Collar Shift With Epicycle Reduction Constant Mesh Collar Shift

3. Gear box Speed 8+4 8+4 9+3

4. Forward speed (km/hr) (max/min) 28.34/2.86 33.86/3.22 31.69/2.25

5. Reverse speed (km/hr) (max/min) 9.69/3.42 15.09/4.27 24.52/3.78

6. PTO Type Independent Independent Fully-Independent

7. Final Drive Epicycle Epicycle Epicycle



Steering

1. Type Hydrostatic Hydraulic Hydrostatic

2. Drop arm

3. Mechanical/ Hydrostatic Hydrostatic Hydraulic Hydrostatic

Brake Type Mech, Wet Disc Mech, Oil Disc Hydraulic Wet Disc

Hydraulic

1. Type Live ADDC Live ADDC Live ADDC

2. Lifting Capacity at hitch point (Kgf) 1446 1249.15 2019

3. Draft Sensing Top Link Top Link Top Link

Testing Performance

1. Smoke Level (Bosch No.) 1.4 0.16 2.36

2. Noise Level at operator ear (dBA) 95 95 99

3. Vibration at the seat (Micron) 65 80 70

4. Back up torque (%) 18.51

5. Turning Diameter (meter) 5.6 5.8 6.6




1. Tractor Weight without ballasted (Kgf) 1795 1760 2155

2. Weight Distribution front (Kgf) 675 640 755

3. Weight Distribution rear (Kgf) 1120 1120 1400

4. Diesel Tank capacity (lit) 90 65 72

5. Coolant capacity (lit) 10 9 9.6

6. Engine Oil capacity (lit) / drain duration 7.2/250 7.5/250 9.1/250


35/1200 34.5/1250 38.5/1200

Extra feature (Y/N)

1. Provision of Coolant Recovery tank Y Y Y

2. Provision of Oil Cooler Y N Y

3. SpecialtyDry Type Air Cleaner ,

Horizontal Expansion Chamber

Horizontl Expansion Chamber, dry Type Air Cleaner

Dry Type Air Cleaner, Expansion Chamber

Brand New Holland New Holland New Holland

Model 3600 3130 6500

Test Report Number T-573/1068-2007 T-574/1069-2007 T-690/1196-2009

Engine

1.No. of Cylinder 3 3 3

2.Bore/Stroke (mm) 91.4/127 91.4/127 104/115

3.Displacement (cc) 2500 2500 2931

4.Rated rpm 2300 2000 2500

5. PTO Power (Ps) 41.6 34.94 55.74

6. SFC (gm/PTO-Hp-hr) 199.32 194.9 193.43

7. Maximum Torque (kgf-m) / rpm 16.04/1399 14.81/1350 19.52/1968

8. Drawbar Power (Ps) 34.26 20.09 42.17

9. Cooling System Water Cooled Water Cooled Water Cooled

Transmission

1. Clutch Type Dry Single Plate Dry Single Dry Dual

2. Gear box Type Sliding Cum Constant Constant meshConstant Cum Sliding Mesh with

Epicycle High-Low Gear Reduction

3. Gear box Speed 8+2 8+2 8+2

4. Forward speed (km/hr)(max/min) 30/2.99 32.28/2.85 29.47/2.94

5. Reverse speed (km/hr) (max/min) 15.15/4.21 12.93/3.53 14.87/4.14

6. PTO Type Non-Independent Non-Independent Independent

7. Final Drive Hub Hub Hub


Model 3600 3130 6500

Steering

1. Type RCB Warm & Roller Hydrostatic

2. Drop arm Single Drop Single Drop

3. Mechanical/ Hydrostatic Mechanical Mechanical Hydrostatic

Brake Type Mech, Wet Disc Mech, Wet Disc Mech, Wet Disc

Hydraulic

1. Type Live ADDC Live ADDC Live ADDC

2. Lifting Capacity at hitch point (Kgf) 1273.62 948.33 2095.51

3. Draft Sensing Top Link Top Link Top Link

Testing Performance

1. Smoke Level (Bosch No.) 0.4

2. Noise Level at operator ear (dBA) 96 96 95

3. Vibration at the seat (Micron) 85 55 100

4. Back up torque (%) 26.8 18.3 19.1

5. Turning Diameter (meter) 5.69 5.77 6.25


Model 3600 3130 6500



2035 1760 2380

2. Weight Distribution front (Kgf) 710 695 870

3. Weight Distribution rear (Kgf) 1335 1065 1590

4. Diesel Tank capacity (lit) 58.2 42.9 62

5. Coolant capacity (lit) 8.35 8.4 13


7/300 6/300 7/300


28/120 18/1200 28/1200

Extra feature (Y/N)


N N Y

2. Provision of Oil Cooler N N Y

3. SpecialtyLift-O-Matic Lever, Wedge Lock

lever During TransportationLift-O-Matic Hydraulic

4-W Drive, Diaphragm Type Feed Pump, Dry Type

Air Cleaner, Turbo Charger Provided,

Lift-O-Matic Hydraulic

Simple to operate maintain and repair

• Easy and few controls

• Easy accessibility of maintenance/ repair points

• Less special tools

• Simple system

After sales - service

• Prompt Service/Quality service

• Genuine parts

• Warranty and free service

• Excellent behavior

Brand Image

• Population of tractor and other products in the area.

• Satisfied customer and opinion makers

• Publicity of the products and organization.

Resistance to extrovert marketing

• Farmers are highly suspicious of advertisers claims

Safety and comfort

• Noise• Vibration• Break• Seat , work area• Protection from sun , dust and heat• Visibility• Less operating efforts• Stability• Role over protective structure• Safety guards• Safety instructions

Standard and optional features

• Ballast Weights

• Toeing hitch

• Pulley

• Differential lock

Versatility

• Suitable for different uses.

• Dry land/wet land

• Haulage

• Industrial commercial

• Resale value

• Longer useful life of product.

Aesthetics

• Styling/color scheme

• Product graphics

• Finish of costing

• Sheet metal

• Light, Instrument panel

TRACTOR CONFIGURATION (DRIVE TYPES)

Two-wheel drive (2WD)

Mechanically front wheel drive (MFWD)

True four-wheel drive

• True four-wheel drive tractor has-1. four driving wheels of the same size.

• Mechanical front wheel drive tractor has –1. Power transmitted to all four wheels2. But the front wheels are smaller3. Thus incapable of transmitting as much power.

• Generally, any tractor over 140 kW PTO power will be 4WD

• Whilst tractors smaller than this may be either 2WD or MFWD

• MFWD tractor with smaller driven wheels at the front is likely to give a Tractive efficiency of 7% better than the equivalent 2WD tractor.

• When larger equal size wheels are fitted throughout (4WD), the increase will be of the order of 15%.

Others

• Faster delivery

• Advance delivery

• Financial Assistance by dealer

• Dealers relationship

• Dealers image

Matching tractor and Implements

• The Tractor must not be overloaded.

• The Implement must be pulled at proper speed.

• The soil condition and their effect on the machine performance must be considered.

Thanks

CURRENT STATUS & FUTURE TRENDS OF DEVELOPMENT OF AGRIL. TRACTORS

Sl. No.

Past Trend Present Trend Future Trend Advantage

I. ENGINE:

i) Indirect injection Direct injection Controlled injection

Improved combustion

ii) Lower injection pressure (100 to 150 kgf/cm2)

Moderated to high injection pressure (175 to 200 kgf/cm2)

High injection pressure (200 to 230 kgf/cm2)

Improved combustion

iii) Pintle type injector

Multi hole injectors

Electronic injector

For improved combination and fuel efficiency

iv) Mechanical governor

Mechanical & pneumatic governor

Electronic governor

Steady engine speed

v) Inline injection pump

Rotary & inline fuel injection pump

Rotary fuel injection pump

For more reliability & improving the emission

vi) Naturally aspirated

Naturally aspirated

Turbo/super charged engine

Increased volumetric efficiency

vii) Oil bath type air cleaner

Oil bath & dry type air cleaner

Dry type air cleaner

Better air cleaning efficiency, reliability & less maintenance cost.

viii) Injection timing (Static)

Injection timing (Static & Dynamic)

Injection timing (Dynamic)

Proper combustion.

ix) Cooling System:Air + water cooled

Mostly water cooled

Liquid cooled (coolant)

Higher engine life, better cooling.

Sl. No.

Past TrendPresent Trend

Future TrendAdvantage

i) Asbestos clutch plate

Cera-metallic clutch plate

Ceramic clutch plate

More reliable, efficient & longer life.

ii) Single clutch system

Dual/single clutch system

Dual independent clutch system

Increased versatility of tractor.

iii) Dry friction clutch

Dry friction clutch Fluid coupling & wet clutch

Less transmission losses & low noise.

iv) Final reduction (bull & pinion on wheel hubs)

Final reduction (bull & pinion in differential housing)

Final reduction (planetary)

Improved transmission reliability & less noisy

v) Sliding mesh gears

Sliding & constant mesh gears

Synchromesh Operator friendly & less noisy

Sl. No.


vi) Limited number of speeds (6 – 8)

More number of speeds (8 – 12)

Variable speed (hydro kinematic transmission.)

More versatility

vii) Pto speed of 540 rpm

Pto speed of 540 and 1000 rpm.

Pto speed of 540/ 1000 rpm.

Improved versatility to be used with pto driven equipment.

viii) Rear engine pto

Rear engine & ground pto

Rear, front & side mounted engine/ ground pto

Improved versatility to be used with front/ rear/ side equipment.

Sl. No.


BRAKE:

i) Shoe brake Dry disc brake (mechanically & hydraulically operated)

Hydraulically operated oil immersed disc brake

Reliability, improved braking efficiency and lower operating effort.

ii) Asbestos brake liner

Asbestos/metallic brake liner

Cera metallic brake liner

Improved reliability & longer life.

IV HYDRAULIC SYSTEMS:

i) Depth control Automatic Depth, Draft and mixed Control (ADDC)

Electronic control linkage

Reliability & precise control.

ii) Rear mounted TPL

Rear mounted TPL Rear + front mounted TPL

More versatility of tractor.

Sl. No.


ERGONOMICAL DEVELOPMENT:

Canvas Canopy Canvas/ metallic canopy

Air conditioned cab

Better operator’s comfort

Analogue type gauge

Colour code/analogue type gauges

Digital display gauge

Better monitoring of different systems.

Rigid & spring loaded seat

Spring dampers and hydraulic shock-absorber

Hydro cushioned seat

Improved operator’s comfort

Inconvenient/incorrect location of operator’s controls

Proper location of the operator’s controls as per ergonomically requirement.

Electronic controls

Operator’s friendly

High amplitude of vibration at work place

Moderate amplitude of vibration

Moderate to low amplitude vibration 100 .

Improved Operator’s comfort

. Past Trend Present Trend Future Trend Advantage

vii) Mechanical steering

Mechanical & hydrostatic steering

Hydrostatic steering

Improved operator’s comfort

viii) No ROPS ROPS & seat belt (on demand )

ROPS & seat belt compulsory

Improved operator’s safety.

ix) No emission norms

Tractors meeting Bharat Stage-III norms

Bharat Stage IV norms are to be met.

Control of environ-mental pollution.

x) No provision for monitoring performance

No provision for monitoring performance

Electronic performance meters may be provided

To monitor slip, fuel consumption area coverage etc.

Sl. No.


VI. OTHERS:

i) Two wheel drive (2WD)

Two/four wheel drives (2WD/ 4 WD))

Four wheel drive (4 WD)

Improved traction.

ii) Bias ply tyre Bias & radial tyres

Radial tyres Reliability, better traction and longer life.

iii) Normal aesthetics & sheet metal usage

Improved aesthetics (sheet metal + plastics usage (FRP – Fibber reinforced plastics)

Further improved aesthetics with FRP uses.

Improved aesthetics & better look

iv) Normal paint Normal + PU Paint

PU paint More paint life

Sl. No.


selection of tractor

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