The Second CoastThe Second Coast THE DUALITY OF TOURISM AND LANDSCAPE

NEW USES FOR OLD LANDSCAPESNEW USES FOR OLD LANDSCAPES

Tourism equal to Disturbance or Disturbances as opportunitiesopportunities

How landscape can become an operative“background” or even a “figure” for culturaltourism?

The second coast

as a strategy for the recuperation and expansion of the dynamic frontier/the configuration of a wider transition (the first coastline)

t t f th f fas a strategy for the revelation of the hydrological axes as a unique opportunity ofinterconnection between the first coast line and the interior landscape.

as a landscape of productionas a landscape of production

experienced through the exemplification of an extended concept of patrimony

Tourism and landscape:a relation of dependence and contradictiona relation of dependence and contradiction

There is no tourist development without a landscape; it also seems thatThere is no tourist development without a landscape; it also seems that landscapes, especially those called cultural landscapes, need tourism as an economic activity to be sustained.

.

Tourism, as an economic as well as a leisure activity, belongs to the abstract space of globalization, where one looses orientation, p g , ,distances do no exist and one’s relation to places is none. On the other hand, landscape is a locality per excellence, conceptually related to local identity and culture.y

Mature tourist destinations affront a moment of decline, however, it is still one of the most relevant d ti ti ld idestinations world wise.

the Mediterranean sublime

Massive tourism developed as a substitute of landscapesthat were considered neither productive nor valuablethat were considered neither productive nor valuable.

Tourist activity worked with the paradigm of tabula rasa, seeing the coastline as a two dimensional space ignoring its complexity andline as a two dimensional space, ignoring its complexity andheterogeneity;

la especulación

Massive tourism developed in the coast of the Mediterranean, especially inSpain, was building-oriented without special emphasis on free andgreen space, that means without design criteria for the outdoorsg p , genvironment of the residential proposal, using most of the timeimported models which we could call precarious interpretations of apicturesque exuberance alien to climate, soil and local species’potentials Tourism in the Mediterranean needed a fictitiouspotentials. Tourism in the Mediterranean needed a fictitious,artificial imagery for the surrounding spaces of architecture sinceMediterranean landscape values where either generic or notrecognised as such.g

l i d d d l li ióla precariedad de la realización

The response to the critique of mature tourism has notbeen sufficientbeen sufficient

Conservation policies applied since the seventies and onwards, focusedbasically on the protection on natural reserves especially mountains andbasically on the protection on natural reserves, especially mountains andmarshlands, from a ¨static¨ point of view that did not include the need forsecuring the interchange of species, energy and material between theprotected areas.p

All disciplinary efforts have been placed on renovation through design ofwaterfronts marinas or the improvement of public space most of thewaterfronts, marinas, or the improvement of public space, most of thetimes applying conventional urban design arguments, with the exception ofthe widely published recovery of the dune system in selected areas.

No landscape approach or criteria have been applied to update thecoast

No built examples of designed tour-scapes that offer a new environment,as a basis for both a renovated tourist occupational pattern and animprovement of the ecological/landscape conditions.

Construction date 2006‐2009Area 40.000 m2

Wh t “ d t” ?What “second coast” means?

Elementos configuradores del paisajeEmpordanet-Baix Ter

potenciales fragilidades

¿De qué costahablamos? ¿Cuáles sonlos límites de la costa?los límites de la costa?

Una primera exploracióndel estado de la cuestióndel sistema litoral, se hizocon la contabilización del i dla presencia depotenciales y fragilidadesya registrados ya en eltrabajo precedente. Estosejercicios previos intentanresponder a las preguntasp p gprincipales del presenteestudio. ¿Qué se puedeconsiderar como costa?¿dónde comienza, pero,sobre todo, dónde acaba?

Costa Brava: Acumulación de potenciales y fragilidades Paisajes del Sistema Litoral: Costa Brava

Baix Empordà

PARC DE PLATJA D’AROPARC DE PLATJA D ARO

R. Pié, R. Barba, J.M. Vilanova _ Platja d’Aro, Spain

Parc de Platja d’AroParc de Platja d Aro,

The “second coast” is a spatial strategy for improvementThe second coast is a spatial strategy for improvement

a site specific potential for change

it is physical; it is not a metaphor

it can mean the recovery of resistant traces, or “hidden” matures and processes

it can be a design of a landscape pattern that adds environmental value to the site and multiplies some of the conditions of the dynamic frontier of the coastlineconditions of the dynamic frontier of the coastline

The second coast can approached through three mainThe second coast can approached through three mainaxes:

Reinforcing of natural reserves that until now function as“islands” difficult to manage and sustain, by enhancingconnectivity between pieces

The reactivation of the hinterland through the recycling ofriver landscapes, plots of agricultural land and otherhidden or pre existing landscapes or processes thathidden or pre-existing landscapes or processes thathave a potential of sustainable site-specific contexts fordiverse leisure programs and new operative scenariosdiverse leisure programs and new operative scenarios

The introduction of new readings of this interior landscapeThe introduction of new readings of this interior landscape.

the coast is an especially stimulating case study within the search for new manners of renovation of existing tourist infrastructure.

a careful and specific occupation of the second coast line breaking witha careful and specific occupation of the second coast line, breaking with the idea of "the closer the better" is an alternative approach to the development of renovated tourist backgrounds (contexts) or landscape infrastructures (figures)landscape infrastructures (figures).

the potential spaces for the location of the hypothetical second coast linethe potential spaces for the location of the hypothetical second coast line correspond to sites of a mainly terrestrial climate control with soft marine influence. These spaces are, in general, much less unique and less fragile than the coastal area itself usually occupied by Mediterraneanfragile than the coastal area itself, usually occupied by Mediterranean shrub communities, or agricultural crops and / or forestry activities of medium-low efficiency.