seat cushion test method update
DESCRIPTION
Seat Cushion Test Method Update. IAMFTWG. Richard Hill. February 8-9, 2012, Singapore. Introduction. Continue working to setup and calibrate sonic burner for use with seat cushion test method for the purpose of replacing Park Burner - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Presented to:
By:
Date:
Federal AviationAdministrationSeat Cushion Test
Method Update
IAMFTWG
Richard Hill
February 8-9, 2012, Singapore
2 2Federal AviationAdministration
Seat Cushion Test Method UpdateIAMFTWG, February 8-9, 2012, Singapore
Introduction
• Continue working to setup and calibrate sonic burner for use with seat cushion test method for the purpose of replacing Park Burner
• Calibration and testing has been ongoing in an attempt to setup the sonic burner such that it will reproduce Park burner test results
• The advantage of the sonic burner is that it is capable of producing more consistent results than the Park burner
3 3Federal AviationAdministration
Seat Cushion Test Method UpdateIAMFTWG, February 8-9, 2012, Singapore
Summary of Last Meeting
• Flow tested new nozzles– Checked for consistency in flow rates
• Testing nozzles in sonic burner– Nozzle clocking to check for uniform flame temperature
distribution using thermocouple rake
• Seat cushion tests using sonic burner– Data collected using old Park burner and Monarch nozzles will
be compared to data taken using new nozzles and sonic burner
• Thermocouple Temperature Drift– Thermocouple temperature measurements drop off after
repeated heat cycling
4 4Federal AviationAdministration
Seat Cushion Test Method UpdateIAMFTWG, February 8-9, 2012, Singapore
Fuel Nozzle Flow Rate• Delevan Nozzle Flow Check
– The Delevan nozzles were checked on a bench top flow testing rig. The results show, that compared to the typical Monarch nozzles, the Delevan nozzles have a much lower percent error.
– Delevan 2.0 gph error: 4.09%– Monarch 2.25 gph error: 13.59%– Further testing with different nozzles is
ongoing. • 25 Everloy 2.0 gph-rated hollow cone
nozzles were also tested, and produced results similar to the Delevan nozzles.
Average Flow Rate
1.93
1.91
1.92
1.94
1.88
1.89
1.90
1.91
1.92
1.93
1.94
1.95
1
Nozzle Type
gallo
ns/h
our
Delavan AR-DDelavan R-DDelavan BMonarch AR
Average Percent Standard Deviation of Flow Rate
2.79
1.55
0.85
4.15
0.00
0.50
1.00
1.50
2.00
2.50
3.00
3.50
4.00
4.50
1
Nozzle Type
% S
tand
ard
Dev
iatio
n
Delavan AR-DDelavan R-DDelavan BMonarch AR
5 5Federal AviationAdministration
Seat Cushion Test Method UpdateIAMFTWG, February 8-9, 2012, Singapore
Nozzle Clocking Summary
• Monarch nozzles are not uniform around the spray cone periphery
• Delavan nozzles seem to provide more uniform spray pattern through 360° nozzle rotation– Delevan flame temperatures are lower (~100°F)
than Monarch flame– Previously recorded lower temperatures partially due
to old thermocouples– Temperatures for the Delevan nozzles increased
after replacing old thermocouples with new ones
6 6Federal AviationAdministration
Seat Cushion Test Method UpdateIAMFTWG, February 8-9, 2012, Singapore
Seat Testing with Burner
• Sonic Burner used to burn seat test cushions using new Delevan and Everloy Nozzles
• Park burner used with Monarch nozzle to test cushions and compared to sonic data
• Sonic burner produced slightly lower % weight loss than Park
• Seat cushions tested in question– Different covers used on different foam cushions– Need to run test using the same fabric cover on all foam types
7 7Federal AviationAdministration
Seat Cushion Test Method UpdateIAMFTWG, February 8-9, 2012, Singapore
Results
Seat Cushion Weight Loss %
0.00%
2.00%
4.00%
6.00%
8.00%
10.00%
12.00%
Airflex Dax Fireblock
Cushion Type
Perc
ent W
eigh
t Los
s
Park w/Monarch 80 PLP Sonic w/Delavan AR-D
Sonic w/Delavan R-DSonic w/Delavan BSonic w/Everloy
8 8Federal AviationAdministration
Seat Cushion Test Method UpdateIAMFTWG, February 8-9, 2012, Singapore
Summary for Current Meeting
• Ignition Wire Positioning• Igniter Positioning • New Stator and Nozzle Settings• New seat cushion tests with Park and
NexGen burners• Update on thermocouples
9 9Federal AviationAdministration
Seat Cushion Test Method UpdateIAMFTWG, February 8-9, 2012, Singapore
Ignition Wires
• Ignition wires previously wrapped around fuel rod
• Not standardized length or position for wires
• Position of wires can impede or redirect airflow within the draft tube and can affect the flame characteristics
10 10Federal AviationAdministration
Seat Cushion Test Method UpdateIAMFTWG, February 8-9, 2012, Singapore
Ignition Wires
• New wire length and positions minimize airflow disturbance
• Standardize wire position to minimize variability in burner performance and data results
• Improved repeatability
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Seat Cushion Test Method UpdateIAMFTWG, February 8-9, 2012, Singapore
Example: New Ignition Wire Positions
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Seat Cushion Test Method UpdateIAMFTWG, February 8-9, 2012, Singapore
Igniter Position
• Also needed specific standardized igniter position
• Gap between igniters– 1/8”
• Nozzle center to igniter– ¼”
• Nozzle face to igniter– 1/8”
1/8”
1/8”
1/4”
13 13Federal AviationAdministration
Seat Cushion Test Method UpdateIAMFTWG, February 8-9, 2012, Singapore
Refining Burner Settings
• Same procedure used on cargo burner• Stator face to turbulator exit plane
– 2.5”, 2.75” (2 positions)• Stator rotational position on fuel rod
– 0-360° in increments of 45° (8 positions)• Nozzle depth from turbulator exit plane
– 5/16”, 7/16”, 9/16” (3 positions)• Total of 48 unique combinations tested
14 14Federal AviationAdministration
Seat Cushion Test Method UpdateIAMFTWG, February 8-9, 2012, Singapore
Refining Burner Settings
• Stator/nozzle position combinations were selected which showed adequate flame properties– Temperature distribution– Repeatability– Full, even flame coming from cone (visual)
• Next step, test using seat cushions
15 15Federal AviationAdministration
Seat Cushion Test Method UpdateIAMFTWG, February 8-9, 2012, Singapore
Seat Cushion Testing
• New shipment of seat cushions for testing– Dax, Airflex, and fireblocked cushions
• All cushions now covered in the same type of fabric– Previous tests had different fabrics on different
cushion types• Use Park burner and collect data using new
cushions for comparison
16 16Federal AviationAdministration
Seat Cushion Test Method UpdateIAMFTWG, February 8-9, 2012, Singapore
Seat Cushion Testing
• Use sonic burner with new initial stator settings to test new seat cushions
• Results less weight loss using sonic burner compared to Park burner– Minimal burner on bottom of horizontal cushion
• Stator repositioned to produce a flame that was weighted more on the bottom
17 17Federal AviationAdministration
Seat Cushion Test Method UpdateIAMFTWG, February 8-9, 2012, Singapore
Seat Cushion Testing
• Revised stator settings tested • Results much closer to Park results• Measured temperature lower, although
weight loss % increased– Higher measured temperatures do not necessarily
mean greater burn lengths and/or weight loss
18 18Federal AviationAdministration
Seat Cushion Test Method UpdateIAMFTWG, February 8-9, 2012, Singapore
Seat Cushion TestingSeat Burner Comparison
0.00%
1.00%
2.00%
3.00%
4.00%
5.00%
6.00%
7.00%
8.00%
9.00%
AirFlex Fireblock Dax
Cushion Type
Wei
ght L
oss
Perc
enta
ge
Park
Initial Setting
Revised Setting
19 19Federal AviationAdministration
Seat Cushion Test Method UpdateIAMFTWG, February 8-9, 2012, Singapore
Seat Cushion Testing
• Next step is to have other labs setup burner using same settings and check to see if results are comparable
• Nozzle Depth: 3/16”• Stator Depth: 2 11/16”• Stator Angle: 0° (centerline from vertical)
20 20Federal AviationAdministration
Seat Cushion Test Method UpdateIAMFTWG, February 8-9, 2012, Singapore
Thermocouple Update
• Thermocouple readings drop after repeated heat cycling of the TCs
• Tests run using cargo burner• Tried larger diameter TCs which have a
greater mass, and do not heat as quickly as 1/16” or 1/8” TC
• Results not entirely clear if using larger diameter TCs is an advantage
• Still some signs of temperatures dropping after repeated heat cycling
21 21Federal AviationAdministration
Seat Cushion Test Method UpdateIAMFTWG, February 8-9, 2012, Singapore
Future Items
• Continue testing with possibility of trying other stator settings
• Compare results from different labs– Have other labs use new burner settings and test– Round robin schedule?
• Kaowool seat testing– On hold from last meeting do to ignition wire
positioning and stator readjustment