sean black 15 th june 2009 developing solutions for co 2 capture marc conference traverse city, mi,...
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Sean Black15th June 2009
Developing Solutions for CO2 Capture
MARC Conference
Traverse City, MI,
POWER SYSTEMS
ALSTOM © 2007. We reserve all rights in this document and in the information contained therein. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties without express authority is strictly forbidden.
The Alstom Group: a worldwide leader in its activities
Coal, Gas, Hydro, Nuclear, Wind = Full Power Systems Portfolio
N°1 in air quality control systems
N°1 in services for electric utilities
N°1 in integrated power plants
N°1 in hydro power
N°1 in conventional nuclear power island
Recent acquisition of wind power
Power
Transport
Total orders 2008/09: € 24.6 bn
ALSTOM © 2007. We reserve all rights in this document and in the information contained therein. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties without express authority is strictly forbidden.
Investment priorities
• Use of Energy− Consumer behavior− Efficient appliances and buildings− Energy management
• Technology Mix − Nuclear − Renewables
• Production Efficiency − Fuel Preparation/Retrofit− New generation plants
• Carbon Capture and Storage
Alstom involvement
Source: Power Systems analysis
ALSTOM © 2007. We reserve all rights in this document and in the information contained therein. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties without express authority is strictly forbidden.
CO2 Capture Solutions
Pre -combustion(New only)
Power Plant with CO2 Capture
Source: Vattenfall
Post - combustion Oxy - combustion(New + retrofit )(New+retrofit)
SOLUTIONS DEVELOPED BY ALSTOM
- Chilled Ammonia Scrubbing- Advanced Amines
- Oxy PC- Oxy CFB
CCS solutions must adapt to installed base
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Long Term Research
Laboratory Stage
Pilot/Demo stage
Commercial
>15 years
10-15 years
5-10 years
< 5 years
Time to Market
Long Term Research
Laboratory Stage
Pilot/Demo stage
Commercial
>15 years
10-15 years
5-10 years
< 5 years
Time to Market
Chemical Looping
Oxy CFB
Oxy PC
Anti-sublimation
Ammonia Scrubbing
Advanced Amines
High surface solids, membranes, enzyme,algae, solid absorbent
Oxy- and Post-Combustion Technologies Overview
Oxy-combustion Post-combustion
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Main Partnerships & Projects Portfolio
Chilled Ammonia
Jänschwalde (Germany) – Lignite
Pleasant Prairie (US) – Coal 5 MWt
Oxy-combustion
Belchatow (Poland) – Lignite
Joint development programmeWest Virginia Pilot (USA) - Coal
20 MWt250 MWe
250 Mwe(Feasibility
study)
Mountaineer (US) – CoalCommercial Scale Plant (US) – Coal
30 MWt>200 MWe
TransAlta (Canada) – Coal 200 MWe
Lacq (France) – Gas 30 MWt
Advanced Amines
Mongstad (Norway) – Gas 40 MWt
Karlshamm (Sweden) – Oil/Gas 5 MWt
Schwarze Pumpe (Germany) – Lignite 30 MWt
4 Pilots in commissioning/operation
ALSTOM © 2007. We reserve all rights in this document and in the information contained therein. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties without express authority is strictly forbidden.
Cooling and Cleaning
CO2 Absorption
CO2 Regeneration
CO2 Regenerator
Booster Fan
From FGD
PressurizedCO2
CleanCombustion
Gas
G4
G5
G6
G7
Bleed
G1
G2 G3
GasWaterRich Solution
Lean Solution
CO2
RefrigerationSystemREF
REFREF
StripperREF
Water Wash
DCC2
DCC1
CO2 Absorber
Cooling
Steam
Cooling
Steam
Chilled Ammonia Process
Principle • Cooled flue gas is treated with ammonium
carbonate in solution, which reacts withCO2 to form ammonium bicarbonate
• Raising the temperatures reversesthe above reactions – releasingpressurized CO2
Advantages• Energy-efficient capture of CO2
• High CO2 purity• Tolerant to oxygen and flue gas impurities• Stable reagent, no degradation possible,
no emission of trace contaminants• Low-cost, globally available reagent
A promising technology!
ALSTOM © 2007. We reserve all rights in this document and in the information contained therein. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties without express authority is strictly forbidden.
Chilled AmmoniaField Pilot at We Energies
Industrial pilot program
• Project participation through EPRI by 37 US and international utilities
• Designed to capture 1,600+ kg CO2/hour
− About 15,000 tonnes/yr at full capacity
• Operations commenced June 2008
− Currently in 24 x 7 operations
− Over 5,500 hours operation
− Achieved 90% capture in continuous operation at full load
• Program provides data necessary to establish“proof of concept”
CO2 Field Pilot at Pleasant Prairie
Pleasant Prairie Power Plant (“P4”)
A great technical success!
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We Pilot – Operating DataOverall CO2 Capture Efficiency in Absorbers
Overall CO2 Capture efficiency in Absorbers : 88 %
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We Pilot – Operating DataTotal CO2 Captured in Absorbers & Released from Regenerator
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We Pilot - Operating DataCO2 Product Quality
• CO2 Concentration in product stream: 99.7%
• Moisture Content: 0.3%
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Chilled AmmoniaField Pilot at E.ON Karlshamn
Industrial pilot program
• Designed to capture over 1,600 kg CO2/hr
‒ About 15,000 tonnes/yr at full capacity
• Unit commenced operations in April 2009
• Testing to continue for at least 12 months
CAP Field Pilot
Karlshamn Power Plant (Sweden)
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Chilled AmmoniaProduct Validation Facility at AEP Mountaineer
Technology Validation Program
• Designed to capture 100,000 tonnes CO2/year
• Captured CO2 will be sequestered into two wells on the plant property
• Commenced engineering and permitting in Oct 2007
• Started construction 2Q 2008
• Project start-up Sept 2009
Alstom’s Chilled Ammonia Process at AEP’s Mountaineer Plant, 5-21-09All pictures of the Mountaineer CO2 Capture and Storage Project are the property of Alstom Power and/or AEP
ALSTOM © 2007. We reserve all rights in this document and in the information contained therein. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties without express authority is strictly forbidden.
Advanced Amine Process
Principle• Flue gas is treated with aqueous amine solution,
which reacts with CO2
• At raised temperatures CO2 is released andsolution recovered for re-use
Advantages• More efficient capture of CO2
• Higher tolerance against oxygen & trace contaminants• Lower solvent degradation rates, leading to:
− Lower consumption of chemicals− Lower emissions of degradation products− Lower production of effluents and waste
Exclusive Partnership with World’s Largest Supplier of Amines
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Oxy-Combustion Process
A sound technological option
Principle • Air Separation Units are used to
produce pure oxygen stream• Fuel is combusted in oxygen
combined with recycled CO2
• Resulting flue gas is concentrated CO2 stream with impurities that are removedusing conventional air quality controlsystems and gas processing units
Advantages• Reliability: components exist, only adaptation to power gen and scale-up• All types of boilers / firing systems adaptable to oxy to cover complete fuel range• Rapid scale-up to large size possible after demos. Retrofit in Oxy can be addressed• Large panel of entities involved in development, contributing to reach solid consensus
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Boiler successfully started Sept 08 - PAC Dec 08 – Testing on-going
Boiler
FGC CO2 Compression
Air Separation Unit
CO2 Purification
Control Room
FGD
ESP
(source: Vattenfall)
Current Status Oxy-PC Schwarze Pumpe – 30 MWth Oxy Boiler island
Goal
• Validation of oxy-fuel process, started Sept 08
Main features
• Boiler 30 MWth 40t/h
• Coal 5,2 t/h lignite
• Cycle 25b/330°C
• Oxygen 215 t/day
• CO2 11 t/hr
• Alstom scope: oxy-boiler and ESP
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Scale-up challenge from 2008 to 2020
30 MWt
X 50
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Conclusions
• The Chilled Ammonia process is showing good potential and development is on track for commercialisation by 2015
• It is now time to move to large-scale demonstrations − EU and Canada are taking the lead to fund these programs
• CCS technologies for new and existing power plants are a must− Part of a solution that includes: efficiency improvements, nuclear
and renewable energy
• Alstom current partnerships and demonstration projects are designed to demonstrate key CCS technologies operating on both coal and gas
Alstom is committed to make CCS a successful technology!
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