sdgs and climate actions in south asian countries
TRANSCRIPT
Climate Action Network South Asia (CANSA)
February 23, 2014
Ram Kishan
IPCC AR5 - 0.85 deg C warming between 1850 - 2012 Available budget for limiting temperature increase below 2 deg
with 66% probability is 3760 GtCO2, of which 1890 has been used by 2011.
Assuming emission stabilize at 2010 levels, the available budget will be consumed within 40 years.
Limiting the increase to below 2 deg implies peaking of global emissions between 2015 - 2020 and sharp decline thereafter.
The remaining carbon budget is smaller if we want to ensure higher probability of limiting the increase in temperature to below 2 deg C.
Estimated global reductions by 2030 under strong 2 deg path is about 26% below 1990.
Based on Green Development Rights approach, the range of reduction for developing countries is 23% to 40 % (returning to 2015 emission level) below BAU emissions in 2030.
Countries fall in lower middle income (Bhutan, India, Pakistan, and Srilanka), LDCs (Bangladesh and Nepal) and lower income group (Afghanistan, Myanmar).(lower middle income country - per GDP less than USD 4000; low income country - per capita income below USD 1000)
Region accounts for 1.7 billion population, of which about 1.25 is in India.
South Asia is the poorest region in the world. 51% of the world’s poor live in South Asia (compared to
29% in Sub-Saharan Africa), as per Multi-dimensional Poverty Index (MPI).
The HDI index of South Asia is 0.558 - low human development and medium human development group.
HDI index of south Asia is just above that for sub-Saharan Africa.
Outcomes of the Rio+20 Conference
To build upon the Millennium Development Goals and converge with the post 2015 development agenda
To establish an "inclusive and transparent intergovernmental process open to all stakeholders, with a view to developing global sustainable development goals to be agreed by the General Assembly".
End poverty in all its forms everywhere
End hunger, achieve food security and improved nutrition and promote sustainable agriculture
Ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages
Ensure inclusive and equitable quality education and promote lifelong learning opportunities for all
Achieve gender equality and empower all women and girls
Ensure availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for all
Ensure access to affordable, reliable, sustainable and modern energy for all
Promote sustained, inclusive and sustainable economic growth, full and productive employment and decent work for all
Build resilient infrastructure, promote inclusive and sustainable industrialization and foster innovation
Reduce inequality within and among countries
Make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable
Ensure sustainable consumption and production patterns
Take urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts
Conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas and marine resources for sustainable development
Protect, restore and promote sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems, sustainably manage forests, combat desertification, and halt and reverse land degradation and halt biodiversity loss
Promote peaceful and inclusive societies for sustainable development, provide access to justice for all and build effective, accountable and inclusive institutions at all levels
Strengthen the means of implementation and revitalize the global partnership for sustainable development
Addressing climate change is a pre-requisite to ending poverty and achieving sustainable development
The IPCC has hammered it time and time again, that climate change disproportionately affects the poorest and that action cannot wait another minute
Climate change is the greatest threat to development
Hard to credibly justify the SDGs in September 2015 without climate change goals while academia, civil society and even the private sector
SDGs cover areas like energy, agriculture, water, forests, oceans, cities and economic growth, they can, and will, massively contribute to both mitigation and adaptation action
Tackling climate change is recognised as critical to the achievement of the development goals.
Climate change should be a stand-alone goal, as well as be mainstreamed throughout the other goals.
Climate change goals, targets and indicators should be nationally relevant and should also aim to build local-level resilience and reduce climate risks.
Getting the indicators and measurement frameworks right is crucial, while accountability and governance mechanisms will underpin implementation.
International resources will still be very necessary for achieving climate compatible development goals, but the role of national and sub-national governments, and the private sector, will increase.
Within regions, countries should form a common voice to influence SDG negotiations; within countries, civil society must play a stronger advocacy role
Climate Change (CC) may reduce poor people’s livelihood assets, for example health, access to water, homes and infrastructure.
Climate change is likely to directly impact children and pregnant women because they are particularly susceptible to vector- and water-borne diseases
increased heat-related mortality and illness associated with heatwaves (which may be balanced by less winter-cold-related deaths in some countries);
Declining quantity and quality of drinking water, which worsens malnutrition, since it is a prerequisite for good health;
Reduced natural resource productivity and threatened food security
Climate change may alter the quality and productivity of natural resources and ecosystems
Loss of livelihood assets (natural, health, financial and physical capital) may reduce opportunities for full time education in numerous ways.
Global climate change is a global issue, and responses require global co-operation, especially to help developing countries adapt to the adverse impacts of climate change.
Realization that development can happen without adverse environment impact
Development which is climate sensitive including infrastructure
South Asia till need to develop thus need to make sure doesn’t follow same old western development
Conscious of cost for development on environment
Climate resilient development at all levels
Evident there is convergence to both the processes
Different people into two processes
Need coordination at national and international level
Working in isolation is counter productive
SDGs has climate change specific goal, hence although more important to coordinate
Finally financing for both the processes?
Country level specific asks on the SDGs and UNFCC process
Roadmap for implementation and convergence for common good
Compliance and accountability
Resource allocation domestic or international?
Role of global process at national level
End!