scientific writing- the structure of scientific articles...2019/10/21 · 8 seminar scientific...

Scientific Writing- The structure of scientific articles

Prof. Dr. Susanne Sebens

2 Seminar Scientific Writing

| Susanne Sebens 21.10.2019

> Knowledge of the structure of a scientific article (original research article)

> Preparation for writing a scientific article/thesis

Aims of this seminar



Difference original article - review article?

> original article:

presentation of novel results including the methods that were used for their

generation; discussion of the results in the context of the current literature

> review article:

summary/overview of the current literature/knowledge of a special issue



Structure of an original article

1. Title/authors/affiliations (Title page)

2. Abstract/Summary

3. Introduction

4. Material & Methods

5. Results

6. Discussion

7. Acknowledgements

8. References



Structure of an original article

1. Title/authors/affiliations (Title page)

2. Abstract/Summary

3. Introduction


5. Results

6. Discussion

7. Acknowledgements

8. References

! structure of a master/doctoral thesis is similar



1. Title/authors/affiliations

2. Abstract/Summary

3. Introduction


5. Results

6. Discussion

7. Acknowledgements

8. References

Title/authors/affiliations

Title: should reflect the main conclusion/ findings/topic of the paper AND should attract the attention of the reader („good selling“)



Introduction


2. Abstract/Summary

3. Introduction


5. Results

6. Discussion

7. Acknowledgements

8. References

Introduces the reader into the

subject of the study, provides all

information that are needed to

understand the results, provides

the rationale and aims of the study



Introduction

1. Paragraph:

Following paragraphs (2-3):

gives a review of the current literature on the subject

defines the general subject of the paper

outlines the importance of the subject



Last paragraph(s): Introduction

Identifies a specific question/problem (provides the rationale of the study)

says how the problem is solved/question answered by the presented results

May summarize the results

Last sentence may mention wider implications




2. Abstract/Summary

3. Introduction


5. Results

6. Discussion

7. Acknowledgements

8. References

In the chapter „Material &

Methods“ all reagents and

methods have to be listed that

were used for the generation of

the results (incl. statistics).

Material & Methods



Material & Methods


2. Abstract/Summary

3. Introduction


5. Results

6. Discussion

7. Acknowledgements

8. References

Material

Methods



Results


2. Abstract/Summary

3. Introduction


5. Results

6. Discussion

7. Acknowledgements

8. References

The chapter „results“ describes and

illustrates the new findings



Results

The results are presented in separate sections;

each section is composed of:

1. Title

2. Figures/tables (incl. legends)

3. Text


2. Abstract/Summary

3. Introduction


5. Results

6. Discussion

7. Acknowledgements

8. References



Results

The results are presented in separate sections;

each section is composed of:

Why was the experiment performed?

(reason for the experiment)

How was the experiment performed?

(experimental strategy/methods)

What was found out?

(results)

(Summary/Conclusion)

1. Title

2. Figures/tables (incl. legends)

3. Text


2. Abstract/Summary

3. Introduction


5. Results

6. Discussion

7. Acknowledgements

8. References



Summary/ Conclusion

Results - Example

How?

Why?

What?

What?

How?

Why?



The figure legend contains a short title and all information to understand the experimental setup, results and analysis presented in the figure. Each figure should be comprehensible without reading the results part.

Figure Legend



Discussion


2. Abstract/Summary

3. Introduction


5. Results

6. Discussion

7. Acknowledgements

8. References

The findings from the study are

discussed in the context of the current

literature.

Experimental shortcomings can be

discussed.

Last paragraph: Summary of the findings

and mentioning of wider implications



Discussion- First paragraph

Brief introduction of the topic paving the way for discussion of own results



Discussion- Last paragraph (sometimes entitled as conclusions)

Summary of the findings

Wider implications



Acknowledgments & References


2. Abstract/Summary

3. Introduction


5. Results

6. Discussion

7. Acknowledgements

8. References

Acknowledgements:

People and sponsors that have supported the

study are acknowledged

References:

Any literature from which contents have been

mentioned in the paper has to be listed.

Any copying is strictly forbidden!

scientific writing- the structure of scientific articles...2019/10/21 · 8 seminar scientific...

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