scientific literature & format of journal article

SCIENTIFIC LITERATURE AND FORMAT OF A JOURNAL ARTICLE

Adapted from the Presentation

Of Ms. Zennifer Oberio

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CATEGORIES OF SCIENTIFIC

LITERATURE1.Primary LiteratureFirst-hand information of

original researchInitial reports of the research

written by the research

worker/scientists to inform the larger scientific

community, primarily their specialized

peers, of their findingsIn science journals or

periodicals in the form of specialized

and technical reports, notes, or even

letters

BACKGROUND ON SCIENTIFIC LITERATURE

CATEGORIES OF SCIENTIFIC LITERATURE

1.Primary Literature

Sources

Theses

Trade publications

Scientific organization publications

Presentations at scientific meetings

Scholarly journals

Conference papers

Technical reports of government or private agencies

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CATEGORIES of scientific

literature2. Secondary literatureMore general works that are

based on primary sourcesSummaries of the recent

developments in specific areas of

research

Review of a number of

research articles pertaining to a

specific topic

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CATEGORIES OF SCIENTIFIC

LITERATURE2. Secondary Literature SOURCES Review articles (summarize,

synthesizes and evaluates the concepts

and/or results from several research articles

on a related topic; compare, contrast and

interpret the work of others) Commentary (evaluates the impact of

someone else’s primary research) review journals, review serials,

summaries, symposia, abstract journals,

indices

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CATEGORIES of scientific

literature2. Tertiary LiteratureProvide instruction or overview

for a scientific audience such as

students

Summarize the most important

facts and theories about a general

subject in science

Sources: textbooks, treatises,

reference books, encyclopedia,

dictionaries, hand-outs, handbooks,

bibliographies

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Bibliographic Sources :

• Reliable scholarly journals

• Reference list ( at the end of articles )

• Popular press ( newspapers,

magazines )• Compilation of Abstracts

• Current contents – a journal that

consists of the table of

• Contents reprinted from a number of

journals.• Citation Index – a compilation of articles

that were referenced by recently

published articles.• Computer searches (in library data

bases)• Web searches – using search engines

( Lycos, Yahoo, Google, etc. )

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Guidelines In Assessing The

Credibility of Articles From

the Web Who is ( are ) the author(s) and

where was the research done?

( academic, government, or

private laboratory? Well known

research university or large well

known corporation versus small

of unknown place ? ) What can you find about the

credentials of the author(s) ?

What else has the author(s)

published and has anyone cited

those publications ?

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Guidelines In Assessing The

Credibility of Articles From the

Web (continued) Did a particular organization

sponsor the web site ? If so, is

this organization a not – for –

profit or a commercial

enterprise and how might this

impact on the objectivity of the

information provided ?

Does the organization represent

a special interest group and

how might this impact on the

objectivity of the information

provided ?

•Title•Author (s)•Abstract (or Summary)•Key words•Introduction•Materials and Methods•Results•Tables and/or Figures•Discussion•References

FORMAT:

FORMAT OF A JOURNAL ARTICLE

TITLE

.

Describes the study briefly Keep in mind that a certain period of time has elapsed between in the performance of a study and its publication. The date will be an indicator of the relevance of the information, especially in the fields where there is a rapid change of information


AUTHOR(S) The first person in the list is usually the one who did the work and wrote the paper; other people who made substantial contributions are listed asCo-authors after the first author. If the author and/or his works are well-known, it will be a factor in judging the quality of the data presented in the article

The first person in the list is usually the one who did the work and wrote the paper; other people who made substantial contributions are listed asCo-authors after the first author. If the author and/or his works are well-known, it will be a factor in judging the quality of the data presented in the article


ABSTRACT (OR SUMMARY)

•A conscise summary of the article that contains the rationale for the study, the main results, how the results were obtained, an interpretation of the results.•Difficult to read because it is dense with information.•Ideally, never cite a study based solely from reading the abstract.


KEYWORDS

• Provides background information, includes related studies, explains how the present study “fits into the puzzle”• Sets forth the objectives of and justification for the study.• Easier to understand than the abstract.• Usually cites many of the references

.


MATERIALS AND METHOD

Procedure followed:• what was done• how it was done• where was done


RESULTS

.

Describes the data gathered in the study: What does the date show


TABLES AND/ OR FIGURES

• Supplements the data presented in the Results section.• The title of the table or figure describes the data that it presents.


DISCUSSION

Interprets and explains the results:• Why the data show what they showed• Relates the analysis of the data to the objectives of the study


REFERENCES

.

The author (s), date and the kind of literature that is cited are indicators that may be used in assessing the credibility and validity of the information presented in the article.

END OF

PRESENTATION

scientific literature & format of journal article

Technology