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Science, Technology and Innovation
in Japan
March, 2018
Teruo KISHI
Science and Technology Advisor to the Minister for Foreign Affairs
Program Director, Structural Materials for Innovation, SIP, CAOPresident, Innovative Structural Materials Association, METI
Professor Emeritus, The University of Tokyo
Former President, NIMS
Ⅰ. Science & Technology Advisor to the Minister for Foreign Affairs
Ⅱ. Science, Technology and Innovation Policy and
Cross-Ministerial Strategic Innovation Promotion Program
(SIP) of Cabinet Office
Ⅲ. Structural Materials Program in SIP for Aircrafts
2
Ⅰ. Science & Technology Advisor to
Minister for Foreign Affairs
Appointment of the S&T Advisor to the Minister for Foreign Affairs
24 September, 2015
3
Roles of the S&T Advisor to the Minister for Foreign Affairs
Support the activities of the Foreign Ministerfrom a S&T perspective
Reinforce networking among S&T advisors, scientists/academics
Provide advice to the Foreign Minister and relevant departments on the utilization of S&T in various foreign policy-makings
S&T Diplomacy Advisory Network
4
Activities of S&T Advisor
5
6
In the discussions in the Study Groups convened under the Science and Technology Advisor, the importance of “Evidence-based policy-making” supported by scientific data was emphasized. The outcome documents of the G7 Ise-Shima Summit contained this element in the areas of “Medical Data” and “Marine Observation”.
TICAD VI
Enhance S&T standards
From Brain drain toBrain circulation
Int. exchanges of scientists etc.
Incorporate R&D outcomes into society
(social implementation)
New strategy, production and industrial means for
human welfare by the power of S&T
https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/sdgs
Presented “recommendations” to the Minister for Foreign Affairs.
G7 Ise-Shima Summit
7
https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/sdgs
Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)
Presented “recommendations” on
how STI can be leveraged for
achievement of SDGs
to the Minister for Foreign Affairs
(May 12, 2017)8
STI for SDGs
Materials Research for SDGs- 2
Clean
Energy
• Electron energy conversion
Solar cell, LED, thermoelectric conversion, etc.
• Chemical energy conversion
Photocatalyst, fuel cell, secondary battery, etc.
• Material for power generation
Super heat resistant material for turbine blade, etc.
• Energy Transport / Conversion Material
Superconducting material, magnetic refrigeration
material, permanent magnet material, soft magnetic
material, power semiconductor, actuator, etc.
• Bio fuel
Bioethanol, waste utilization, etc.
• Clean processing
Adsorbent material, separation membrane, exhaust
gas catalyst, etc.
Work,
Economic
Growth
• Industrial Robot / Robot Suit (Lightweight
Material)
• Nanosensor, actuator
9
10
Materials Research for SDGs- 3
Industry,
Innovation,
Infra-
structure
◎Technological Innovation = Material Innovation
• Steel⇒Steam engine, railway,
Aluminum⇒Large aircraft, Silicon⇒Semi-
conductor, Carbon⇒Plastic
◎Next nanotechnology - material innovation
• Semiconductors (graphene, carbon nanotube,
etc.)
• Atomic switch
Beyond CMOS（Operating principle different from
CMOS, performance exceeding its physical limit.
Spintronics, etc.）
Reduced
Inequalities
・Personal computer, Internet
・Transportation network (road, transportation
vehicle ...)
Sustainable
cities
◎Building Construction Materials
• Steel
• Concrete
• Plastic
11
Recommendation for the Future
STI as a Bridging Force to Provide Solutions for Global Issues
Four Actions of Science and Technology Diplomacy to Implement
the SDGs
12
13
“Japan-Asia Youth Exchange
Program in Science” (SAKURA
Exchange Program in Science) is
the program for enhancing
exchanges between Asia and
Japan of the youths who will play
a crucial role in the future field of
science and technology through
the close collaboration of
industry-academia-government
by facilitating short-term visits of
competent Asian youths to Japan.
Countries and Regions Eligible for Invitation
35 countries and regions, and other regions* are eligible for invitation for the SAKURA
Exchange Program in Science for the year of 2018.
*Other regions:
Argentine Republic, Federative Republic of Brazil, Republic of Chile, Republic of Colombia,
United Mexican States, Republic of Peru （These countries would be officially added after
coordinating with related organizations in each country and Japan.)
http://ssp.jst.go.jp/EN/index.html
14
Ⅱ. Science, Technology and Innovation
Policy and Cross-Ministerial
Strategic Innovation Promotion
Program (SIP) of Cabinet Office
Science and
Technology
Basic Law
FY1995 FY1996-2000 FY2001-2005 FY2006-2010
1st S&TBasic Plan
2nd S&T
Basic Plan
3rd S&T
Basic Plan
Formulation of a
New Research
System
Features
of the PolicyJapan,
the Innovator
17.6 Trillion Yen 21.1 Trillion Yen 25 Trillion Yen
Life Science
Information &
Communication
Environment
Nanotechnology & Materials
Strategic Promotion
for Innovation
FY2011-2015
4th S&T
Basic Plan
25 Trillion Yen
Science and Technology Basic Plans of Japan
Innovation
15
Basic Research
Cabinet Office
Cabinet
Industry
Each of the relevant ministries (14 ministries) promotes S&T according to the division of duties in conformity with the basic policy formulated by CSTI.
MEXT(Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology)
METI (Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry)
MIC(Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications)
MHLW(Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare) …
Council for Science, Technology and Innovation (CSTI)
MAFF(Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries)
MLIT(Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism)
MOD(Ministry of Defense)
Other ministries
Formulation and overall coordination of science and technology promotion policy
Investigate and discuss:・Basic STI Policies ・R&D budgets・Framework conditions for the promotion of innovation etc.
Assess Japan’s key R&D
16
Administrative Organization for Promoting STI
Dr. Juichi YamagiwaPresident,
Science Council of Japan
Dr. Yoshimitsu KOBAYASHI Chairman,
Mitsubishi Chemical Holdings Corp.
Dr. Kazuhito HASHIMOTOPresident,
National Institute for Materials Science
Yoshihide SUGAChief Cabinet Secretary
Masaji MATSUYAMA Minister of State for Science
and Technology Policy
Seiko NODAMinister for Internal Affairs
and Communications
Taro ASOMinister of Finance
Yoshimasa HAYASHI Minister of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology
Hiroshige SEKO Minister of Economy, Trade and Industry
Dr. Motoko KOTANIProfessor,
Tohoku University
Cabinet MembersChairperson
Executive Members
＊Head of an Affiliated Organization
※ The other relevant ministers are appointed ad-hoc members when needed toattend plenary session meetings of CSTI
Members of CSTI
Shinzo ABEPrime Minister
Mr. Masakazu TOKURA Representative Director,
& PresidentSumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd.
Dr. Takahiro UEYAMA Former Vice President; Professor,
National Graduate Institute for Policy Studies
(Full-time Member)
Ms. Yumiko KAJIWARAExecutive Officer,Fujitsu Limited
Dr. Seiichi MATSUOPresident,
Nagoya University
17
（参考）
1. Basic concepts
2. Acting to create new value for the development of future industry and social transformation
3. Addressing economic and social challenges
4. Reinforcing the “fundamentals” for STI
5. Establishing a systemic virtuous cycle of human resources,knowledge and capital for innovation
6. Deepening the relationship between STI and society
7. Enhancing capacity to promote STI
Developing high-quality human resources Promoting excellence in knowledge creationStrengthening funding reform
Fostering R&D and human resources that boldly challenge the future
Realizing a world-leading “super-smart society” (society 5.0)Enhancing competitiveness and consolidating fundamental technologies
Sustainable growth and self-sustaining regional development etc
Enhancing mechanisms for promoting open innovationEnhancing the creation of SMEs and startup companies to tackle new business
opportunitiesStrategic use of international IP and standardization etc
18
Table of contents of the 5th Basic Plan
19
“Society 5.0” is the next new social-economy after hunter-gatherer society, agrarian society, industrial society, and information society ⇒ to achieve economic growth while solving social issues
by utilizing new technologies such as AI and big data
New social-economy
“Society 5.0”
Society 1.0 Hunter & gatherer
Society 2.0 Agrarian
Society 3.0 Industrial
Society 4.0 Information
What is “Society 5.0”?
System structure and fundamental technology of
“Society 5.0”
20
Physical space
SensorData
Edge ComputingOn-site System
TransmitCollect
ActuatorAnalysis results
Feedback
Fundamental Cyberspace Technologies
Fundamental Physical space Technologies
Internet
Photon/Quantumtechnology
Biotechnology
Human interfacetechnology
Material technologyNanotechnology
RoboticsSensorActuator
Device technology
Network technology
Edge Computing
“IoT” System construction technology
“Big data” analysis
AI Cybersecurity
Cyberspace
Processor
Database
Analyze
21
Science, technology and innovation in Japan
Hunting
（1.0）Farming
(2.0)
Industry
(3.0)
Information
(4.0)
Real space
(Physical)
A new society "Society 5.0"
Cyber space
(Cyber)
Material, (Nanotechnology) Information (AI, Big data, IoT)
Solutions: STI for SDGs
(Science for Society)
Promotion of science and technology in Japan
22
Big project
（National Strategy）Innovation
Big facility
(Core infrastructure)
Pure basic
research
JST AMED
NEDO
JSPS
JST: Japan Science and Technology Agency
AMED: Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development
NEDO: New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization
JSPS: Japan Society for the Promotion of Science
- Disaster
prevention
- Space- Marine- Nuclear
- Environment
- Infection
- Kei computer
- SPring 8- J-Parc
- X-ray free
electron laser
- ITER
- Space lab
- Accelerator
Promotion of science technology and innovation in Japan
23
Innovation
Business model
EnergyInfra-
structure
Matter, Material Information
Common
generic
technologies
(Nano technology) (Big data, Artificial intelligence)
Solving social issues
like SDGs
[Society 5.0]
Health
“Data Science”
Targeted areas
in 5th Basic Plan
Changes in Japanese ranking of research competitiveness(1999 - 2001 vs. 2009 - 2011)
24
Materials
Science
All
Japan Chemistry Physics
Comp. Sci.
Math.Engineering
Environment,
Earth sci. Clinical
Medical sci.
Basic life
sci.
Japanese ranking: 1999 - 2001 2009 - 2011
Ref: National Institute of Science and Technology Policy, 2013
+
“University Ranking”
Japanese technology and industrial competitiveness
compared with the USA and Europe
25
Nanotechnology,
material Manu-
facturing
Energy
Life
Telecommu-
nications
Low HighComparison
with USA
Comparison with USA and Europe
【Technology level】 【Industrial competitiveness】
Co
mp
ari
so
n
wit
h E
uro
pe
Lo
wH
igh
Co
mp
ari
so
n
wit
h E
uro
pe
Lo
wH
igh
Low HighComparison
with USA
Nanotechnology,
materialManu-
facturing
Energy
Life
Telecommu-
nications
Ref: White paper on science and technology in Japan
SIP（Cross-Ministerial Strategic Innovation Promotion Program）
26
Realizing Science, Technology and
Innovation through promoting R&D
overlooking from basic research to
application and commercialization by
cross-ministerial cooperation.
Council for Science, Technology and
Innovation（CSTI） defined the
subjects to solve social issues and
achieve economic growth
CSTI appoints Program Directors
(PDs) for each project and allocates
the budget.
CSTI
Governing Board(Executive Members of CSTI)
PD (Program Director)For each program
Promoting committee
●PD (chair)●Related ministries, ●Experts, ●Funding (Management) Agencies,●Cabinet Office (Secretariat)
Related Research Institute,Universities,
Private Corporations, etc.
< Governance structure >
Established in 2013Total \50B (budget for FY2017)
Outside
Experts
Cabinet Office
Support
System Established
for Each program
(below)
※Of the amount, 35 percent (\17.5 billion) was allocated to medical fields.And, as a side note, programs related to the fields of health and medicine aremanaged under the guidance of the Headquarters of Healthcare Policy.
27
Innovative CombustionTechnology
Masanori SugiyamaToyota Motor Corp.
Next-Generation Power Electronics
Tatsuo OomoriMitsubishi Electric Corp.
Structural Materials for Innovation（SM⁴I）
Energy Carriers
Shigeru MurakiTokyo Gas Co.,Ltd.
Next-Generation Technology for Ocean Resources Exploration
Tetsuro UrabeUniv. of Tokyo, JMEC
Yozo FujinoYokohama National Univ.
Infrastructure Maintenance, Renovation and Management
Tech. for Creating Next-Generation Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries
Noboru NoguchiHokkaido Univ.
Automated Driving System
Enhancement of SocietalResiliency against Natural Disasters
Muneo HoriUniversity of Tokyo
Innovative Design/Manufacturing
Technologies
Naoya SasakiHitachi Ltd.
Cyber-Security for Critical Infrastructures
Atsuhiro GotoInstitute of
Information Security
○A strong headquartersstructure is vital for effective coordination among ministries.and industry, academia and government agencies.
○The SIP has selected PDs to beresponsible for each of the 11individual programs making upthis government initiative.
Teruo KishiUniv. of Tokyo, NIMS
Seigo KuzumakiToyota Motor Corp.
Tech. for Creating Next-Generation Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries
Noboru NoguchiHokkaido Univ.
Innovative Design/Manufacturing
Technologies
Naoya SasakiHitachi Ltd.
SIP（Cross-Ministerial Strategic Innovation Promotion Program）
- Program Directors for SIP -
28
Two Types of Materials
Functional Materials
Structural Materials
- Secondary batteries
- Fuel cells
- Solar cells
- Organic functional catalysts
- Superconducting materials
- Sensor materials
- Semiconductor materials
- Photocatalysts, etc.
- High temperature materials - CMC, IMC -
- High strength materials - SHSS, CFRP - , etc.
Mechanical properties
(Reliability, Life time)
29
National Projects for Structural Materials in Japan
Carbon
fiberIndustrial
equipment
Automobiles
Railway
vehicle
Aircrafts
Power
generator
Basic research
Pure scienceElements Strategy
Initiative for
Structural Materials
(2012-2021)
Innovative R & DMaterials Informatics
MI2I
(2015-2019)
Joining
technologies
Non-ferrous
metals (Al, Ti, Mg)
Steels
CFRP
METI (ISMA)
CAO (SIP)MEXT
Materials Integration
(MI)
Target
CAO: Cabinet office
METI: Ministry of Economy,
Trade and Industry
MEXT: Ministry of Education,
Culture, Sports, Science and
Technology
ISMA: Innovative Structural
Materials Association
Heat resistant alloys &
intermetallic compounds
Polymers
FRP
Ceramics
Coatings
(2014-2018)
(2013-2022)
30
Ultra Light Body Automobile Multi-Materials
EOLAB: An Ultra Light Body
The Right Material in the Right Place
30～50% weight reduction
- Adhesive, joining technologies
- LCA (Life cycle assessment)
- Recycle (Circulation)
- CAE (Computer assisted engi-
neering, designing)
- Corrosion, Hydrogen embrittlement
+
Cost
31
Ⅲ. Structural Materials Program in SIP
for Aircrafts
Improvement of Energy Efficiency of Aircrafts
with Heat Resistant & Lightweight
Structural Materials
Structural Materials for Innovation (SM4I)Cross-ministerial Strategic Innovation Promotion Program (SIP) ,Cabinet Office
[Period] FY2014 – FY2018 (5 years)
[Program Director] Teruo Kishi
[Members] 25 corporations, 36 universities
10 national/public institutions,
[Budget in FY2017] 4 billion yen
R&D Domains:
(A) Polymers and CFRP
(B) Heat resistant alloys and intermetallic compounds
(C) Ceramic matrix composites (CMC)
(D) Materials integration (MI)32
Background of Project (Structural Materials for Innovation)
Ref) Report by The Society of Japanese Aerospace Companies.
Defenseforce
Civil aviation
Total
20
15
10
5
0
bil
lio
n U
S$
201520102005
18.2
13.0
5.2
Aviation industry in Japan
Ref) Worldwide market forecast 2016-2035 Japan Aircraft Development Corp.
Market of aviation industry is expected to grow 5% per year in next 20 years.
Exports of Japanese industries(Total: 765B US＄)
200
100
0
9278
170 (22%)
Materials Industry
Ref) Trade statistics of Japan (2015)
155
bil
lio
n U
S$
Fleet development of passenger jet
33
(A) Polymers and FRP
Fan case
CompressorTurbine stator vane
CompressorTurbine diskLow pressure
turbineHigh pressure
compressor
(B) Heat resistant alloys and intermetallic compounds
Ti and Ni-Based AlloysTi Alloys
Tail (Main structure)
Fan blade
(C) Ceramic Matrix Composites
Out-of-AutoclaveCFRP
Thermo-plastic resin CFRP
TiAl intermetallic compounds
Te
mp
.
TurbineCompressor
Fan Combustion
(LP) (HP) (LP)(HP)
Laser power metal deposition
Airframe
Environmental Barrier Coating &
SiC/SiC Ceramics Matrix Composites
Domain A, B, C
34
Domain A: Polymers and CFRP
Out-of-autoclave CFRPto reduce manufacturing cost for airframes
Assembled
3D preform
CFRP
component
Draping 3D-Gap RTM
Lay upDry fiber
sheet
Preform Mold
3D-Gap RTM technology
Advanced prepregs
Tail
Resin
Particle
Conventional prepreg (2014) Developed prepreg (2015)
Carbon fiber
Midterm targets (Void ratio < 1%, CAI > 40ksi) achieved
35
Domain A: Polymers and CFRP
Embedded optical fibers
for in-situ strain measurement
+45°sensor
10mm
-45°sensor
Schematic of embedment
1
2
Ply drop-off New design
CFRP with high productivity/toughnessto reduce weight / maintenance and introduce new design for airframe
Monitoring and simulation technologiesto analyze molding process
3D simulation for resin infiltration36
Domain A: Polymers and CFRP
Fan blade
Prepregs
Thermoplastic resin Carbon Fiber
Mold Press
CFRTP (Carbon Fiber Reinforced Thermoplastics)to achieve high impact resistance for engine fans
37
Domain B: Heat Resistant Alloys
and Intermetallic Compounds
1,500 ton forging simulator
@NIMS
1mm
Forging simulator
Calculation tool Database
Microstructure observation
Strength Prediction (Ni-base alloys)
Calculation results
(grain size distribution)
Forging simulation of Ti alloys and Ni-base alloyswith 1,500 ton forging simulators for compressor / turbine components
Forged microstructure
prediction calculation (Ti alloy)
For actual production with
50,000 ton press machine
38
入力パラメータ抽出
Product shape
Cross-section
Machining (scrap)
Deposition
Base material
Powder processing of Ti alloys and Ni-bases alloysto achieve high yielding and net-shape molding for engine components
Mixing
Injection
molding
Debinding
Sintering
Metal powder Binder
Ni-base alloy Ti alloyTrial products
Metal powder injection (MIM)Laser powder deposition
Domain B: Heat Resistant Alloys
and Intermetallic Compounds
39
TiAl intermetallic compoundsto satisfy workability and performances for new compressor / turbine components
Domain B: Heat Resistant Alloys
and Intermetallic Compounds
(b+a) dual phase
Vb≈ 5%
in process
a single phase
fully lamellar
+ b particles
in service
42at%Al
a
b
B2+g
B2
a2+g
a+g
b+a
Tem
pera
ture
/ K
1273
1373
1473
1573
1673
1773
Nb content / at%
0 205 10 15
Moltenmetal
CCIM
(Cold
Crucible
Induction
Melting) 40
Domain C: Ceramic Matrix Composites
CMC (Ceramic Matrix Composites)to satisfy productivity and performances for new turbine blades
Process time (log scale)
MI
PIP
CVI
13
0～
25
0m
m
MI: Melt Infiltration
PIP: Polymer Impregnation and Pyrolysis
CVI: Chemical Vapor Infiltration
High temperature
furnace
Heater
SiC Preform
Pro
cess t
em
pera
ture
Molten silicon infiltration by
high-speed melt infiltration
SiC/SiC CMC are expected tobe used as turbine blades at 1200-1400℃.
41
Domain C: Ceramic Matrix Composites
EBC (Environmental Barrier Coating)to protect new CMC turbine blades from high temperature oxidation
EBC by EB-PVD
Fiber coating by CVD
Yb2Si2O7 Yb2SiO5
50 μm
Binding layer
Oxygen
shielding layer
Thermal shock
relaxation layer
Water vapor
shielding layer
SiC/SiC CMC
42
Constituent of Materials
(Metal, Ceramics, Polymer and Composites)
43
Process
Structure
Properties
Performance
Cost
Environment
(CO2 emission)
Recycle
Life time
Leading-edge
measurements
Computational
science
StructurePhase fraction
Precipitation & growth
Grain size distribution
Hardness distribution
PropertyStress-strain
High temperature strength
Fracture toughness
Hydrogen diffusion
PerformanceFatigue
Creep
Hydrogen embrittlement
Brittle fracture
ProcessingCasting
Rolling
Forging
Welding
Experiments
Database
Theories
Empirical rules
Numerical simulation
System for Materials
Microstructure
Prediction of structure,
hardness, residual stress, etc.
System for Materials
Performance
Prediction of fatigue, creep,
brittle fracture, hydrogen
embrittlement, etc.
System for Data
Assimilation
Assimilation by data processing,
analytical functions, etc.
Estimation of life-time,
probability of destruction,
factors of embrittlement
Conditions of
materials, processing
and utilization
OUTPUTINPUT
Domain D: Materials Integration (MI)
Computational system for accelerating materials R&D that
links among process, structure, property, and performance
through integrated materials-engineering approaches
including informatics
Experiments
Database
Theories
Empirical rules
Numerical simulation
44
Modules for predicting microstructures, properties and performances
System for integrating the modules
• Materials: High-strength steel, Heat-resistant steel,
Al alloys
• Process: Welding
• Performance: ① Fatigue, ② Creep,
③ Brittle Fracture,
④ Hydrogen Embrittlement
What we need is …..
Domain D: First targets for developing MI system
45
Domain D: Modules for MI system
Modules for microstructure prediction
Modules for performance prediction
WM HAZ～BM
Grain growth of γ in Heat Affected Zone
Ohno / Hokkaido U.
Fatigue
Enoki, Shibanuma, Shiraiwa / U. Tokyo
Crack
initiation
46
Domain D: Modules for MI system
Modules for information-theoretic analysis
New methodology for data augmentation
Data base
Kasuya / U. Tokyo
Yamazaki, Tsukamoto, Tabuchi, Kimura,
Nishikawa, Itoh / NIMS
Sparse modeling & Data assimilation
Okada, Nagao, Shiraiwa / U. Tokyo
Demura, Watanabe / NIMS
Experimental fatigue strength, σFS / MPa
Pre
dic
ted fatigue s
trength
/ M
Pa
300
350
400
450
500
550
600
650
700
300 350 400 450 500 550 600 650 700
MR+ANN (Training)MR+ANN (Test)
R = 0.99 (training)
R = 0.96 (test)
重回帰+ANNの結果
Elliptical
hole
Microstructure recognition (machine learning)Bulgarevich, Tsukamoto, Demura, Watanabe / NIMS, Kasuya / U. Tokyo
Semi-automatic system to capture crack initiation Nishikawa, Furuya / NIMS
47
FEM
model &
mesh
module
Welding
module
CCT
module
Workflow design & play, module & data management
Apply load
condition
module
Crack
initiate
module
Crack
propagate
module
Date viewer
& analysis
module
Input Output
User Input
Micro-
structure
module
System output
time
Temperature
A
M
B
F P
Merging Flow Control Dividing Flow Control
Example: Prediction of Fatigue life for butt welded joint
Integrated System
Currently, data transfer between modules is done manually. (Ver. Alpha)
Automatic data transfer between modules will be realized by Mar. 2019. (Ver. 1.0)
48
FEM
model &
mesh
module
Welding
module
CCT
module
Workflow design & play, module & data management
Apply load
condition
module
Crack
initiate
module
Crack
propagate
module
Date viewer
& analysis
module
Input Output
User Input
Micro-
structure
module
System output
time
Temperature
A
M
B
F P
Merging Flow Control Dividing Flow Control
Example: Prediction of Fatigue life for butt welded joint
Integrated System
Currently, data transfer between modules is done manually. (Ver. Alpha)
Automatic data transfer between modules will be realized by Mar. 2019. (Ver. 1.0)
49
Stre
ss r
ange
, Ds
/ M
Pa
Number of cycles, N
100 102 104 106 108
100
1000
1000
Experimental
Calculated
Price Map of Materials and Products
50
0.1 \/g 1 \/g 10 \/g 100 \/g 1,000 \/g
Met
alIn
org
anic
Poly
mer
●
●●
● ● ●
●0.60.450.25
1,200●● ●● ● ●●● ●
0.04～0.06 1.5～1.80.60.40.24
50
854～5
0.5～0.70.3～0.4
10
Fe
●4,500
Au
●3,400
Rh●5,000
PtPdAgMoCoTiNiMgAl Cu
●8～10
PSZ
PEEK
●3
PES
PAABSPolyethylene
Vinyl chloride Polyester
0.1～2
Si
SiC3～12
Si3N45～10
Y2O314～25
6～25Aramid fiber
PAN carbon fiber6～50
Light-sensitive Heat resistant coating
200～300
Alumina 0.01～0.7
Automobile
1.1～4.8
100～1000
(HEMA，PMMA)
Fighter Airplane1,200～20,000
Artificial Satellite
1,000～2,0000
Bio-ceramics
Lenses of glasses
200～700
Camera20～500
●0.6～0.7
Nylon 6
Mobile phone ～200
10,000 \/g
Hard carbide tool
Carbon nanotube
10～100
Ceramic tool150～700
Combustion-synthesized
SiAlON ●0.6
ＣＮＴ probe
Phosphor SiAlON
100,000 \/g
CO2 Emission during Material Production
51
Equivalent CO2 emission per material production / kg
2.3～2.7
2.3～2.7
13.9～15.5
18～24.8
40～45
21～23
High Strength Steel Sheet
Conventional steel
Aluminum
Magnesium (electrolysis)
Magnesium (pigeon)
Carbon fiber
52
Materials Revolution
GoalI. Zero emission (Application of LCA)
II. Recycling technology
MethodEstablishment of Materials Integration
Research systemI. Partnerships with Asian countries including China
in addition to Europe and the United States
II. International collaboration among Industry, Academia
and National Institutes：Platform sharing “research data”
“SDGs (Inclusive)” Structuring Knowledge
Formation of
melting pot
Highly multifunctional
materials