Science Review

Unit B Lesson 5

• A consumer that eats both producers and consumers is a(n) ______________– omnivore

• Water is an example of an abiotic/biotic factor.– Abiotic

• A food _________ has energy flowing in one direction, from consumers producers or producers consumers– Food chain

• If both organisms benefit, it is a __________ relationship.– Mutualistic

• A food web is different from a food chain because it shows ___________________.– All the different directions energy can flow

between organisms• A __________ is a specific job or role in a

community that an organism has.– Niche

• A consumer that hunts is a ____________.– Predator

• Any relationship between organisms in an ecosystem is called ____________.– Symbiosis

• All of the following are abiotic in an ecosystem except…–A). Water C). Bacteria–B). Minerals D). Soil

• A vulture is an example of a…–A). Predator C). Carnivore–B). Scavenger D). All of the above

• One example of a parasitic plant is…–A). Mistletoe C). A fir tree–B). Orchids D). Seaweed

• A relationship where one organism is helped, and one organism is neither helped nor harmed is called what?–Commensalism

• Order this food chain correctly:Butterfly falcon sparrow flower sun– Sun Flower butterfly sparrow falcon

• Name at least 2 examples of decomposers.–Bacteria, fungi, worms, insects

Choose which words makes the sentence correct:

• All the organisms of a species living in the same area make up a COMMUNITY/POPULATION.– Population

• The level after primary consumers in a food chain is SECONDARY/TERTIARY consumers.– Secondary

• An organism that is in danger of dying out is called a THREATENED/ENDANGERED species.– Endangered

• Give an example of a mutualistic relationship.• Give an example of a parasitic

relationship.• Give an example of a commensalistic

relationship.

• Who/what is the seondary consumer in this food chain?– Mouse

• What role do the mushrooms play in the diagram?– Decompose the dead organisms

• What happens to the rattlesnake population if the mice population increases?– Rattlesnake pop. will increase

• If the hawk population decreases, what happens to the grasshoppers?– Grasshopper pop. will increase.

• Who/what is at the TOP of the food web?– Human, bald eagle, and snake

• Who/what begins the food web?– phytoplankton

• Name 2 primary consumers shown in the food web.– Trout, dragonfly, mayfly

• If the dragonfly population decreases, what happens to the mayfly population?– Also decreases because the mayfly becomes the main source of

food for the frogs.

Science Review

Unit B Lesson 6

• Part of the soil in the ______ biome is frozen all year round.– Tundra

• The first species to begin a brand new ecosystem is called a ________ __________.– Pioneer species

• Sleet and snow are examples of ___________.– Precipitation

• A ________ _________ is when your ecosystem has balanced; nothing new comes in, nothing leaves. – Climax community

• A deciduous forest is characterized by _____________________________________.– Falling leaves; 4 seasons

• When water is moved from the ground to the atmosphere, the process is called _________.– Evaporation

• Name at least 2 sources of carbon.– Car exhaust, natural oil, plants, decaying matter

• If a biome is hot all year round, experiences a ton of rainfall, and has the greatest diversity of plants and animals, you would be in the ___________________.– Tropical Rainforest

• If a biome has very cold winters, cool summers, a ton of evergreen trees, and animals like the snowshoe hair, lynx, and caribou, you would be in the _____________.– Taiga

• If a biome is hot all year round, with cool nights, has very little rainfall, and few animals are able to survive its conditions, you would be in the ________________.– Desert

• What is the main difference between the water ecosystems on earth?– Saltiness

• What is the term for the gradual replacement of one community by a different community?– Ecological succession

• If a community is starting completely anew, but is building off a community that is already there, what kind of succession is it?– Secondary succession

• If a community is starting completely anew, without any organisms already there, what kind of succession is it?– Primary succession

• Plant absorb nitrogen from the:– A). Soil C). Sun– B). Atmosphere D). Insects

• The bacteria that put nitrogen into the atmosphere are called…– A). Nitrogen Fixing C). Nitrogen-eating– B). Denitrifying D). None of the above

• Nitrogen is needed to make _______, which we then turn into _________.– A). Nitrates; Minerals– B). Nitrites; Protein – C). Nitrates; Vitamins– D). Nitrites; Minerals

• How do plants use carbon?– Photosynthesis

• How do plants help humans in the carbon cycle?– They use carbon for energy, and give off oxygen.

• Why do plants need nitrogen?– Plants (and humans) need it to make proteins

• Name at least 2 things humans have on/in our bodies to make proteins.– Muscles, nerves, skin, bones, blood, and digestive

juices.• Why do plants need bacteria to help them get

nitrogen?– The nitrogen in the air is unusable for plants and

humans• **DOUBLE POINTS** Air is made up of what

percent nitrogen?– 78%