science olympiat) division c manual · science olympiat) optics .....16 protein modeling .....18...

ScTpNcpOLYMPTAD

SCIENCE OLYMPIAT)

Optics .......16

Protein Modeling .......18

Remote Sensing .........19

Robot Arm......... .......20

Rocks and Minerals............ .......22

Sounds of Music ........23

Technical Problem Solvins..... .....25

Thermodynamics .....26

Towers .....28

Water Quality..... ......30

Write It Do It...... ........31

General Rules/Tentative National Schedule ..32

DIVISION C RULES MANUAL

Table of Contents

Please read the General Rules on the back inside cover - they apply to all events. Note: all changes are in bold.Coaches: Please remember to register early for the Science Olympiad Summer Institute - sold out last yearl

Please visit the Science Olympiad web site: http://www.soinc.org for News, Clarifications, FAQs, MembershipInformation, Team Size Requirements, New Store Items and other valuable information, tips and resources.

The sites for the upcoming Science Olympiad National Tournament are:University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, May 18-19,2012

Wright State University, Dayton, OH, May 17-18, 2013

University of Illinois, May 16-17,2014University of Nebraska, May 15-16,2015

Copyright O 20L2 Science Olympiad,Inc.

Science Olympiad, Inc. owns the intellectual property rights to the contents of this resource. It may not bereproduced in any form for other individuals or teams. It is meant for the sole use of the school or team thatpurchased it. Teams that have paid Science Olympiad National dues and are registered with Science Olympiad,Inc. may use this resource for the purposes of preparing for and participating in events that are sanctioned byScience Olympiad, Inc. This resource may not be placed on any website and no one may edit, post, republish, sell,rent, or oth'erwise sub-license them. Use of these copyrighted materials by unregistered users is strictly forbidden.

ANATOMYAND PHYSIOLOGYScIpNcnOLYMPTAD

Read the General Rules in the manuals and on www.soinc.org as they apply to every event.

I PESQBIBTIa\ This event encompasses the anatomy and physiology of the respiratory, excretory anddigestive system.

A TEAM OF UP TO:2 APPROXIMATE TIME: 50 MinutesEVENT PARAMETERS: Each team may bring only one 8.5" x 11" two-sided page of notes that contain@manySourceund,pt"oznon-programmabl.,no,'-g,upfih-g.ul*iuio''.THE COMPETITION: Students should know the basic anatomy and physiology of the respiratory,excretory and_digestive systems and how aging and specific diseases affect them. Process skills expectedmay

_ include data collection, making observations, inferences, predictions, calculations, analysel and

conclusions. The test may include various formats (e. g., timed slations, written test, PowerPoint slides,anatomical specimens, etc.) for the following topics:

a. DIGESTIVE SYSTEM - All levels should know:

i. Functions of the digestive systemii. Basic anatomy of the component parts of the alimentary canal and accessory organs of digestioniii. Anatomy of the four layers of the wall of the alimentary canaliv. Comparison of the lining of the esophagus, stomach, small intestine and large intestinev. Compare and contrast mechanical and chemical digestionvi, Physiology of chemical digestion of proteins, fats and carbohydratesvii. The effects of exercise on the digestive systemviii. The diseases on each level frori the celi to the whole person as listed: stomach &

duodenal ulcers, cancers of the digestive system. diarrhea, lactose intolerance,hepatitis, appendicitis

National Level Only:ix. Additional diseases: diverticular disease, GERD, Crohn's Disease and celiac diseasex. The function of the liver and pancreas in the digestive system. How Kupffer cells workxi. Treatments andlor prevention for all conditions listed above (drugs, surgery, etc.)

EXCRETORY SYSTEM - All levels should know:

i. Basic anatomy of the urinary system including kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethraii. Structure and function of the neohroniii. Formation of urine, GFR calculation, and concepts of tubular secretion and absorptioniv. Understand the effects of ADHv. Understand disorders: Obstructive disorders, UTI's, Glomerular disorders, Renal failureNational Level Onlv:vi. Additional diseases: Incontinence, Prostatitis, and BPH (Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy)vii. Treatments and/or prevention for all conditions listed above (drugs, surgery, etc.)

RESPIRATORY SYSTEM - All levels should know:

i. Anatomy of the Respiratory System - Principal organs, their structure and function.ii. Functions of the Respiratory Systemiii. Mechanisms of Pulmonary Ventilationiv. Patterns of Breathinsv. Measures of Pulmoriary Ventilationvi. Gas Exchange and Transportvii. How exercise and high altitude affect the respiratory systemviii. Understand disorders-: COPD, asthma, emphysema,-pneumonia, sleep apnea and cvstic fibrosisNational Level Only:ix. Additional diseases/disorders to know: tuberculosis, pulmonary edema, Pleurisy, Lung Cancerx. Treatments andlor prevention for all conditions listed above (drugs, surgery, etc.)xi. Blood chemistry and the respiratory rhythmxii. Regulation of the Respiratory Systemxiii. Ability to read a spirogram as related to pulmonary ventilation

4. SCORING: Points are awarded for correct answers. Selected questions/free-response quality will break ties.Recommended Resources: All reference and training resources including the Bio/Earth CD are available onthe Officral Screrrce Olympiad Store and Website at hltp:ilwww.soinc.orgi

THIS EVENT IS SPONSORED BY THE SOCIETY FOR NEUROSCIENCE (www.sfn.org)

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@2012-cr

ASTRONOMYScmucpOL\'tvrPrAD


l. DESCRIPTION: Students will demonstratephysics relating to stellar evolution and type

A TEAM OF UP TO:2

2. EVENT PARAMETERS: Each team member is permitted to bring either a laptop computer or one 3-ringbinder (any size) containing information in any form from any source. The materials must be 3-holepunched and inserted into the rings (notebook sleeves are allowable). Each team member is permitted tobring a prograflrmable calculator. No Internet access is allowed.

3. THE COMPETITION: Using information which may include Hertzsprung-Russell diagrams, spectra,light curves, motions, cosmological distance equations and relationships, stellar magnitudes andclassification, multi-wavelength images (X-ray, UV, optical, IR, radio), charts, graphs, animations andDS9 imaging analysis software, participants will be asked to complete activities which include thefollowins:

Use all available information to determine answers relating to stellar evolution, including spectralfeatures and chemical composition, luminosity, blackbody radiation, color index (B-V), and H-Rdiagram transitions, stellar nurseries and star formation, proto-stars, T-Tauri objects, main sequencestars, red giants, Mira variable stars, RR Lyrae variable stars, planetary nebulae, white dwarfs, TypeIa supernovae and globular clusters.

Use all available information, including Kepler's laws, rotation and circular motion to determineanswers relating to the orbital motions of binary and multiple star systems, and globular clusters; useparallax, spectroscopic parallax, and the distance modulus to calculate distances to RR Lyrae variablestars, type Ia supernovas, and planetary nebulae.

c. Students will be asked to identify, know the location, be knowledgeable about, andlor answerquestions relating to the three content areas outlined above for the following Objects: Mira, SNR0509-67.5, CH Cyg, Kepler's SNR, Tycho's SNR, M15, Carina Nebula, T Tauri, Sirius B, RR Lyrae,U Scorpii, Rosette Nebula, BP Psc, NGC 2440, RX J0806.3+1527, DEM L238 &L249.

4. SCORING: All questions will have been assigned a predetermined number of points. The highest scorewins. Selected questions having differentiated weights will be used to break ties.

Recommended Resources: All reference and training resourcesincluding the Astronomy CD are available on the Official ScienceOlympiad Store or on the Website at http:llwww.soinc.org Also:http : /iwww. aavs o. org/ ; http : I I chandra. harvard. e du/photo/index. htmlhttp : I / antwrp. gsfc.nas a.gov I apodlastropix.html

National Science Education Standards: Science as Inquiry, ContentStandard A: Use Technology and Mathematics to ImproveInvestigations and Communications; Formulate and Revise ScientificExplanation and Models using Logic and Evidence; Earth and SpaceScience, Content Standard D: The Origin and Evolution of the Universe(Grades 9-ID. See soinc.ors for other event Standards.

THIS EVENT IS SPONSORID BY: Chandra Education and Public Outreach Office for the Chandra X-Rav Observatorv

an understanding of the basic concepts of mathematics andla supernovas.

APPROXIMATE TIME: 50 minutes

a.

b.

@2012-c2

CHEMISTRYLABScrpxcBOL\'I\{PIAD


1. DESCIIETIQN: Teams will complete one or more tasks and answer a series of questions involving thescience processes of chemistry focused in the areas of periodicity and oxidation/reduction.

A TEAM OF UP TO: 2 EYE EBaIECTIaN: #4 AEBBaXJME: 50 min.

2. EVENT PARAMETERS:a. Students: must bring goggles and a writing implement and may bring a non-

programmable, non-graphing calculator, but no reference materials are allowed.b. Supervisors: must provide whatever other reagents/glassware are appropriate for the

tasks students are asked to do (e.g., Periodic Table, table of standard reductionpotentials, any constants needed, etc.)

c. Safety Requirements: Students must wear the following or they will not be allowed to participate:closed-toed shoes, ANSI 287 indirect vent chemical splash goggles (see http://soinc.org), pants or skirtsthat cover the legs to the ankles, and additionally a long sleeved lab coat that reaches the wrists and theknees or a long sleeved shirt that reaches the wrists with a chemical apron that reaches the knees.Chemical gloves are optional. Students who unsafely remove their safety clothing/goggles or are observedhandling any of the material or equipment in a hazardous/unsafe manner (e.g., tasting or touchingchemicals or flushing solids down a drain and not rinsing them into a designated waste container providedby the supervisor) will be disqualified from the event.

THE COMPETITION: The competition will consist of a series of tasks similar to those in first year highschool courses. These tasks could include hands-on activities, questions about each topic, interpretation ofexperimental data (graphs, diagrams, etc.), andlor observation of an experiment set up & running.Supervisors are encouraged to use computers or calculators with sensors/probes. Students may be asked tocollect data using probeware that has been set up & demonstrated by the Supervisor. Or the supervisor mayprovide students with data sets collected by such sensors/probes following demonstration of the datacollection. Data will be presented in a tabular andlor graphic format & students will be expected to interpretthe data. Students should be aware that nomenclature, formula writing & stoichiometry are essential tools ofchemistry & may always be included in the event. Stoichiometry includes mole conversions & percentageyield. For purposes of nomenclature & formula writing, students are expected to know the symbols &charges for the following ions: nitrate, carbonate, phosphate, acetate, sulfate, ammonium, bicarbonate &hydroxide. Students should know how to use the "ite" form of an ion (one less oxygen than the "ate" form).Students should be able to use the periodic table to obtain the charge foi monatomic Ions (e.g., Na*, S2-).

SAMPLE QUESTIONSa. Periodicity: Students should understand the periodic nature of the elements. Knowledge about periodicity

should be demonstrated conceptually (by predicting or explaining trends) or where possibleexperimentally (by collecting andlor accounting for data). Topics may include the following: 1. Physicalproperties (e.g., atomic & ionic radii, ionization energy, melting point, electro-negativity, etc.) 2.Electronic structure and bonding formation (e.g., ionic vs. covalent, charges on ions, etc.) 3. Chemicalproperties (e.g., precipitate formation, solubilities, reactions with acids, etc.).

b. Oxidation/Reduction: Students must be able to write oxidation & reduction half reactions, assignoxidation numbers, balance redox reactions in neutral, acidic/basic solutions & calculate standard cellpotentials using a table of standard reduction potentials. Tasks will be chosen from the following 1) Use asequence of redox reactions to construct an activity series. 2) Construct a simple voltaic cell & measure itspotential. 3) Stoichiometry & electrochemical processes (such as electrochemical deposition). 4)Construct simple electrolytic cells. 5) At state & national levels, knowledge of fuel cells, knowledge &application of the Nernst equation & common storage batteries may be included.

5. SCORING: Oxidation/Reduction: 50% & Periodicity: 50Yo. Time may be limited at each task, but will notbe used as a tiebreaker or for scoring. All ties will be broken by selected questions chosen by the supervisorthat may or may not be identified to the students.

Reqqqmended Resources: All reference and training resources including the Chem/Phy Sci CD areavailable on the Offici'dl Science Olympiad Store or We6site at http://www.sdinc.otg

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@2012-c3

Scrcsce OL\IIPL\-DRead the General Rules in the manuals and on *'s'*'.soinc.org as thel' appll' to e\-er)'et'ent.

DESCRIPTION: Students will use their investigative skills in the scientific study of disease, injury, health,and disability in populations or groups of people with a focus on food borne illness.

A TEAM OF UP TO:2 APPROXIMATE TIME: 50 minutes

EVENT PARAMETERS: Each team may bring only one 8.5" x 11" two-sided page of notes that containinformation in any form from any source and up to 2 non-programmable, non-graphing calculators.

THE COMPETITION: Sample Problems and Resources may be found athttp.llwww.soinc.orga. This event combines a basic understanding of biological and physical agents that cause disease with an

ability to analyze, interpret, evaluate and draw conclusions from simple data and communicate results topeers. Students should be able to distinguish between infectious and non-infectious health burdens.

b. A broad definition of health will be used for this event. Potential topics include health as well as illness(mental, physical, infectious, chronic, environmental, societal, genetic, injuries and health behaviors).

c. This event will include questions based on:r. Data collectionii. Creating graphic displays of dataiii. Interpreting trends and patterns of epidemiologic dataiv. Communicating results

d. Students will be presented with one or more descriptions of public healthof food poisoning, a cluster of cases of West Nile encephalitis or state data

e. Based on these descriptions, they will be expected to do the following:i. Generate hypotheses and recognize various fundamental study designs.ii. Evaluate the data by calculating and comparing simple rates and proportions.iii. Identifz patterns, trends and possible modes of transmission, soutces or risk factors.iv. Recognize factors such as study design/biases that influence results (more for Div. C-less for Div. B).v. Propose interventions based on promoting positive health behaviors, eliminating or reducing risks of

environmental exposures, or disrupting clearly identifiable chains of transmission.vi. Translate results/findings into a publiChealth/prevention message for identified populations at risk.

f. They will also be expected to:i. Define basic epidemiological and public health terms (e.g., outbreak, epidemic, pandemic,

surveillance, risk, vector, fomite, zoonosis, etc.).ii. Recognize various categories of disease causing agents & give examples of illnesses caused by each.iii. Recognize and understand differences between the major groups of infectious agents (e.g., viruses,

bacteria, protistans, fungi and animals).iv. Recognize examples of various epidemiologic and public health phenomena such as types of

outbreaks and modes of transmission.g. Calculations and mathematical manipulations should be part of the competition. Data may be contrived

or modified to make it more appropriate for this age group as long as it does not radically alter results orinterpretation.

h. Procbss skills may include hypothesis, observations, inferences, predictions, variable analysis, dataanalvsis. calculations. and conclusions.

i. The" level of questioning for Division B and Division C competitions should reflect the age-appropriateness for the two groups.

j. The event format may be exam-based, station-based or a combination of both.

SCORING:

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problems such as an outbreakon bicvcle iniuries.

a. Points will bescoring rubricadvanced.

assigned to the various questions and problems. Both the nature of the questions andshould emphasize an understanding that is broad and basic rather than detailed and

b. Depending on the problem, scoring may be based on a combination of answers, including graphs/charts,explanations, analysis, calculations, and closed-ended responses to specific questions.

c. Polnts should be awarded for both quality and accuracy of answers, the quality of supporting reasoning,and the use of proper scientific methods.

d. Highest number olpoints will determine the winner. Selected questions may be used as tiebreakers.

Recommended Resources: All reference and training resources including the Disease Detective CD areavai lable at http://www.soinc.org.

THIS EVENT IS SPONSORED BY THE U.S. CENTERS FOR DISEASE CONTROL AND PREVENTION

@20I2-C4

DYNAMIC PLANETScIsNcnOL\'lvrPrAD


1. DESCRIPTION: Students will use process skills to complete tasks related to Earth's fresh waters.

A TEAM OF UP TO: 2

EVENT PARAMETERS: Each team mayinformation in any form from any source and


bring four 8.5" x 11" double-sided pages of notesbring up to two non-graphing calculators.

2. containing

the use ofand using

3. THE COMPETITION: Participants will be presented with one or more tasks, many requiringprocess skills (i.e., observing, classifying, measuring, inferring, predicting, communicating,number relationships) from the following topics:a. Interpretation of fresh water features shown on USGS

1topographic mapsb. Stream drainage systems: stream order, drainage patterns, main

channel, tributaries and watershedsc. Channel types: braided, meandering, straight and calculations of I

sinuosity .,

d. Sediment: weathering, erosion, forms and sizes, transportation,deposition

e. River valley forms and processes: geology, gradient, base level,floodplain features, dynamic equilibrium, nick points, waterfalls,stream capture, deltas and fans

f. Perennial and intermittent stream flow, stream gauging and monitoring, stream flow calculations,discharge, load, floods, recurrence intervals, (Division C only: Chezy and Manning equations)

g. Groundwater'. zone of aeration, zone of saturation, water table, porosity, permeability, aquifers, confiningbeds, hydraulic gradient, water table contour lines, flow lines, capillarity, recharge and discharge andinteractions between surface and groundwater

h. Karst features: sinkholes, solution valleys, springs, disappearing streams, cavesi. Lake formation and types: faulting, rifting, volcanic action, glaciation, damming of rivers, changes over

timej. Lake features: inflow and outflow, physical and chemical properties, stratification, shorelines, wavesk. Wetlands: interactions between surface and groundwater in the evolution of bogs and marshesl. Destruction/Effects of land use changes, dams and levees: sedimentation, down-cutting, diversion of

water, flooding, ecological changesm. Hydrologic cycle and water budgets: precipitation, runoff, evaporationn. Pollution: types, sources, transport

A. REPRESENTATIVE TASKS:a. Analyze and interpret features and actions of a stream or river appearing on a topographic map including

watershed boundaries, elevation, gradient, direction of flow, drainage pattern, valley shapes, erosionallandscapes, and depositional features

b. Construct a water table contour map and indicate the direction of groundwater movementc. Analyze data on the thermal structure of a lake and determine how the stratification changes seasonally

5. SCORING: Points will be awarded for the quality and accuracy of responses. Ties will be broken by theaccuracy and/or quality of answers to pre-selected questions.

Recommended Resources: All reference and training resources including the Bio/Earth CD are availableon the Official Science Olympiad Store or Website at http://www.soinc.org.

@2012-Cs

SctpNcpOL\'r\dpIADEXPERIMENTAL DESIGN


l' DESCRIPTTON: This event will determine a team's ability to design, conduct, and report the findings of anexperiment actually conducted on site.

A TEAM OF UP TO: 3 EYE PROTECTION: #4 APPROXIMATE TIME: 50 minutesindirect vent chemical splash goggles and aa ruler, and a non-progiammable"ialculator.

a. Statement of Problem: Experimental euestion (2 points)b. Hypothesis: Including prior knowleagi ttratco;t"b;d;i" hypothesis (4 points)c. Variables:

i !.o1s{ants: (controlled variables) Factors that arepurposefully kept the same(4 Points)

Recommended ResQurQeu All reference and. training^resources.including the Experimental Design Guideor CD are available on the official Science olympiad"stoil ot w;b;i;;;;"httpitl***.roinc.org

2. EVENT-PA&\MPJERS: Students must bring ANSI 287writing instrument(s). Students^ may also bring-a-ii..pi"..,chemicals that require other safery,itotning*iii"oit.,ir.o.

3. THE COMPETITION:a' Supervisors must provide teams with identical sets of materials at a distribution center or in a container.The materials will be listed on the board oipi;;"g;" card for

"u"h i.u*. If provided, both the card andthe container will be considered part of the materiats. rrr" iaeriliv

"ii-rr.'nr"terials is to remain unknownuntil the start of this event ano will be the fi; il;"ch team. ir,' rtuJ"nts must use at least two of the. provided materials to design and conduct un .^p"ri-"ni.b' The supervisor must assigi.a question/topic are'a thai J"t..-in.s the nature of the experiment. The assignedquestion/topic area should be ihe same fo, all teams and allow fid;;;il'conduct experiments involvingrelationships betw.eenindependent and depena"nt

"uiiuui.ririt" rt.igrrt",r..iirturr.";.c' The srudents will be given an 9ytiiq... 1puti.*.d ift., trtE r.orlrrg rubric) to follow whenrecordins/reoorting their eiperiment with, "oaltl)iri"i

paper to record data, graphs and procedures.d' when thi teims #. tinirh.i,-urf .ut.rials must b" i;ri;; ,; ,###?"r,ip.*rro,. along with all writtenmaterials. The content of the repoft must be clearly stated uno Ggiur"4' scoRrNG: Scoring of the event will b; a;.;;;; tL. r."1i1g r.iuii" ut the bottom of this page. zeropointswill be given for-an inappropriate or no response. Foints wiliBi-;;J.ii.p*aent upon the completenessof the response' Ties wiiibebroken bycomparing trti p"i"t totals in the scori'ng areas in the following order:Total points for 1-variables, 2-Procedure,'3-Afralyrii "i n"i"ir;;;-a;ili,; 5-Data Table. Any ream notfollowing proper s.a.fety procedures will be'asked;; i;;t; the room ana wil'o! Jirq""irr,.o fi# the event.Any sfudent not addressing the assigned question or topic area will be ranked behind those who do, becausenot conducting an experimEnt is a vi-olatioir of the splriioitrre event.

EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN RUBRIC/REPORTING FORM

,ij pfenepenJ Variable: Factor being manipulared 13 points)

'r. Dependent valabJg: Factor be*rg measured which responds (3 points)d. E^rperimental Control (rvhere appliiabte)' tStunauiJ oidompu.iron) (2 points.ye. Materials (3 Points)f. Procedure: Including Diagrams (6 points)g. Qualitative Observaiions Durine Experiment &

Summary of Results: 14 points)h. Data Table: Including use orSigruficant Figures for Division c (6 points)i. Graph(s): (6 Points)j Statistics: Div. B: Average (mean), median, mope, range,or drawn in line of best-fit (2 points)

Div' C all of B: + standaid deviation g4 u"v ottt.i r.tJ"u"t statistics that teams choose (4 points)5 Analysis of Results: Tlterpretation (4 pointsjl. Possible.Exp-erimental Enors incluiling ideritined human errors (3 points)m' conclusion: Include wlv vgurrysults did or ald not supp{til; irydth.sig f+ points)n' Recommendations for Further Experimentation Basedt'n vo* dui" a p*ciical Applications: (4 pornts)

rrints: a' Statement of problem should not have.a yes o-r no answer. It should be specific to the experiment beingconducted and is not the same as the assigned topic'area i Experimentr rl;;ia;;;srst of repeated 1,.ials. c. variablesshould be operationally defined. d. Expefiments;ho;lab" ffir. ;d h;;Jy Jn. ina.p.ndent and one dependentvariable.

@2012-C6

FERMI QUESTIONSScrpxcpOLYI,{PrAD


l. DESCRIPTION: A "Fermi Question" is a science related question that seeks a fast, rough estimate of aquantity, which is either difficult or impossible to measure directly. For example, the question "Howmany drops of water are there in Lake Erie?" requires an estimate of the volume of a drop, the volume ofLake Erie from its approximate dimensions and conversion of units to yield an answer. The answersshould be an estimate within an order of magnitude recorded in power(s) of ten.

A TEAM OF UP TO: 2 APPROXIMATE TIME: 50 minutes

2. EVENT PARAMETERS: Calculators, computers, slide rules,reference sheets, etc., are not allowed. Bring pencils. Teams areallowed to finish before the allotted time: they should hand in theiranswer sheet, have the time recorded by the event supervisor, andexit the room quietly.

THE COMPETITION:J.

a. Each team will have the same amount of time to answer as manvquestions as possible.

b. All Teams competing in a given time block will be quizzed togetherdurins the contest.

and will be given no feedback

c. One teammate will be desisnated to serve as the team caDtain and will indicate on the score sheet theteam's answefs.

d. All answers are to be written to the correct power of ten (exponent) as follows: For a number in theform Cxl0E, the guide for rounding of the coefficient (C), is: if C is 5 or greater (to 9.99...), round Cup to,10. If C is below 5 (and greater than 1), round C down to 1. For example, if the number is 4.99x 106, you record 6 as your answer. If it is 5.001 x 103, the coffect power of ten is 4. Responsesrecorded as 5.001 x 10' on the answer sheet will be marked as incorrect.

e. Positive exponents are the default. For negative exponents, the minus (-) sign must be included in theanswer. If the number is 1.5x10-3. the correct power of ten is -3.

4. SCORING: High score wins. Ties are broken by countingfive (5) points. If the number of 5-point answers is the same,

If the response is:Equal to the accepted value*1 of the accepted value*2 of the accented value

the highest number of answers that receivetime is used as the second tiebreaker.

It earns:5 points3 pointsl point

Scoring Example: If the accepted value is seven and the response given is 7; then five (5) points are

awarded. A response of 6 or 8 receives three (3) points and a response of 5 or 9 receives one (1) point.

Recommended Resources: All reference and training resources including the Problem Solving/ TechnoloryCD are available on the Official Science Olympiad Store or Website at http://www.soinc.org

@2012-c7

FORENSICSScmNcnOLYN{PrAD


1. DESCRIPTION: Given a scenario and some possible suspects, students will perform a series of tests. Thesetests, along with other evidence or test results will be used to solve a crime.

A TEAM OF UP TO: 2 EYE PROTECTION: #4 APPROXIMATE TIME: 50 minutes

EVENT PARAMETERS:

a. Students may bring only these items:i. test tubes and test tube holders or any

devices in which thev can oerform the testsii. droppersiii. funnel(s) andlor filter paperiv. pH or litmus paperv. spatulas, plastic spoons, andlor stirring rodsvi. 9-volt conductivitv tester (no testers will be

allowed that run oh RC current)vii. thermometerviii. flame test equipment (nichrome wire, cobalt

blue glass, etc.)ix. slides & cover slips

b. Supervisor will provide:i. iodine reagent (I2 dissolved in KI solution)ii. 2M HCliii. 2M NaOHiv. Benedict'ssolutionv. a hot water bathvi. a Bunsen burner or equivalent BTU heat source

to perform flame testsvii. a waste containerviii. chromatography materials (e.g., beakers, Petri

dishes. etc.)ix. a wash bottle with distilled water

c. Safety Requirements: Students must wear the following or they will not be allowed to participate:closed-toed shoes, ANSI 287 indirect vent chemical splash goggles (see http://soinc.org), pants or skirtsthat cover the legs to the ankles, and additionally a long sleeved lab coat that reaches the wrists and theknees or a long sleeved shirt that reaches the wrists with a chemical apron that reaches the knees.Chemical gloves are optional. Students who unsafely remove their safety clothing/goggles or are observedhandling any of the material or equipment in a hazardous/unsafe manner (e.g., tasting or touchingchemicals or flushing solids down a drain and not rinsing them into a designated waste container providedby the supervisor) will be disqualified from the event.

3. THE COMPETITION:

Level #Part a samoles #ParIb samoles Part c chromatosrams Part d Part e

Resional 3-8 5-9 I type - Mass Spectra l-2 tooics Requ redState 6-10 6-r2 l-2 types * Mass Spectra l-3 topics Requ red

National 8-12 10- 18 l-3 twes - Mass Snectra 3-5 tonics Requ red

a. Qualitative Analysis: Substances to identify: sodium acetate, sodium chloride, sodium hydrogencarbonate, sodium carbonate, lithium chloride, potassium chloride, calcium nitrate, calcium sulfate,calcium carbonate, cornstarch, glucose, sucrose, magnesium sulfate, boric acid, and ammonium chloride(there will be no mixtures). All teams will have the same set of solids to identif,z.

2.

X.

xi.xii.xiii.xiv.XV.

hand lenswriting instrumentsa pencil and ruler (for chromatograms)paper towelsmetal tongsEach team may bring one 8.5" x 11" two-sided page of notes containing informationin any form from any source

xvi. a non-programmable calculatorNote: Students not bringing these items will be ata disadvantage. The event supervisor will notprovide them.

The supervisor may provide:x. other equipment (e.g., a microscope, probes,

etc.) orcandle & matches if fibers given, ordifferential density solutions or othermethod of determining density ofpolymers if plastics given orreagents to perform other tests

@20t2-c8

ScrpNcpOL\'t\rprADFORENSICS (CONT.)


lolyrygry.Students may be asked to identify:i. PETE, HDPE, non-expanded PS, LDPF, PP, PVC, PMMA, PC (Students may not perform any burn

ll.iii.

b.

tests on thes.e p.olymers. Burn test results on these plastics may b'e provided Uy ttre event supervisor).cotton, wool, silk, linen, nylon, spandex, polyester (Burn tests will be permitt6d on the fiberi) /

human, dog,. cat, bat, and horse hair. (Students wiil need to know hair structure including medulla,cortex, cuticle, and root.)

Chromatography'Spectroscopy:_ Students will be expected to separate components using paperchromatography, TLC, andlor analyze mass spectra. Students may be expected to measure Rp.Crime Scene Physical Evidence:i. Fingerprint Analysis: Students may be expected to know the 8 NCIC classifications (arch. tented

arch, radial loop, ulnar loop, plain whorl, central pocket whorl, accidental, and double loop). Studentsshould also be familiar with the common fingerprint development techniques of dusiing, iodinefuming, ninhydrin, and cyanoacrylate fuming. Students should understand terminology-such asbifurcation, ridges, island, enclosure, loop, whorl, and arch. Students should be able to answerquestions about skin layers and how fingerprints are formed. Students may be asked questions on thedifferent methods of detecting fingerprints and the chemistry behind each of these methods.ii. DNA: Students may be asked to compare DNA chromatograms/electropherograms from materialsfound at the scene to those of the suspects. Students will be expected to know how DNA is copied.See http ://nobelprize.org/educational_games/chemistry/pcrlindex.htmlGlass analysis: Students may be asked to use index of refraction to determine the type of a glassfound broken at a crime scene. They may be asked to analyze which hole or fractures occurred beforeothers based on a piece of glass available for examination or a picture of a piece of glass.Entomology: Students may be asked to identify how long an animal has been dead based on the typeofinsects found on the body at the scene.

v. Spatters: Students may be asked to analyze actual spatters or photographs of spatters to determinethe angle and velocit-v with which the liquid approached the solid object bearing the spatter & thespatter origin direction.Seeds and Pollen: Students may be asked to compare pictures of seeds/pollen found at the scene witheither seeds/pollen found on the suspects or seeds/pollen from different country regions.Tracks and Soil: Students may be asked to match tire tracks or footprints found at the scene to tiresor shoes of the suspects. Students may be given the composition of soil found at the scene or on thesuspects and asked to determine if this implicates any of the suspects.

viii. Blood: Students may be asked to identi$z the ABO blood type using artificialblood (event supervisorrequired to provide instructions on how the typing system works) or students may be asked toidentify if blood sample, either prepared microscope slide or pictures of microscop. riid" is human,avian, mammalian, or reptilian/amphibian.

ix. Bullet striations: Students may be asked to match the striations on bullets or casings found at thecrime scene and fired from a given gun.

e. Analysis of the Crime: Students will be asked to write an analysis of the crime scene explaining not onlywhich pieces of evidence implicate which suspect and why the suspect(s) was (were) chosen as theculprit(s), but also why the other suspects were not chosen. They will also answer anyother crime scene analysis questions posed by the event supervisor.

f. The collected evidence and other data given could be used in a mock crime scene.4. SCORING: Team with the highest score wins. Time will not be used for scoring. The score

will be composed of the following elements (percentages given are approximate):a. Parl3.a.2}Yo,Part3.b.20Yo,Part3.c.l|o/o,Part3.d. r5o/o,and3.e.30o/o.b. Tiebreaker: Ties will be broken by the highest score on the analysis of the crime scene, which includes the

reasons why certain suspects have been eliminated or others remain in the pool of possible criminals.c. A 10o/o penalty may be given if the area is not cleaned up as designated by the event supervisor.

Recqmmended Resources: All reference and training resources including the Forensics CD are availableon the official Science olympiad Store or website at http://www.soinc.or!

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@2012-c9

ScmxcnOLYMPrAD

DESCRIPTION: This eventOfficial National Tree List.

A TEAM OF UP TO:2

FORESTRYRead the General Rules in the manuals and on www.soinc.org as they apply to every event.

North American trees that are on the1I

2.

will test student knowledse of

1J.


EVENT PARAMETERSI

Each team may bring only one 8.5" x 1l" two-sided page ofnotes that contain information in any form from any source, upto 2 commercially published field guides, and one copy of theOfficial National Tree List (teams may tab {limit 3 words} theguides and write on any of these).

THE COMPETITION:

a. All questions will be restricted to specimens on the Official National Tree List.

b. This event may be held either indoors or in a wood lot or both. Specimens (or pictures/slides ifnecessary) will be lettered or numbered at stations. Each team will be given one answer sheet to

record the Genus and species name and the answers to the correlated questions.

c. Leaf specimens may be live or preserued depending on availability and may be accompanied bytwigs, cones, seeds, or other parts of the tree. Identification will be based on an examination ofliving or preserved leaf specimens (compound leaves should be intact). For each specimen,

students will be asked a correlated question that perlains to the tree's structure, ecology, oreconomic characteristics. Structural characteristics may include leaf types, leaf shapes, leafmargins, leaf venation,leaf arrangement on the stem, twigs, bark, flowers, cones, fruits, seeds, andtree shapes.

d. Ecological characteristics may include habitats, adaptations to the environment, biomes,succession, and relationships (e.g., symbiosis and competition) with animals or other plants.

Economic characteristics may include beneficial or detrimental aspects of trees such as sources offood, medicine, building materials, chemicals, fuel, fiber, and trees as nuisance species.

e. It is recommended that state and regional contests be limited to local or regional trees (e.g., trees

east or west of the Rockies). State and regional directors should prepare a list, which includes the

trees students are expected to master. State directors should send the state tree lists to competingteams as soon as possible so teams may gather specimens. The Official National Tree List willinclude specimens from the National Audubon Society Field Guide(s) to Trees (Eastern andWestern regions).

4. SCORING: The teams with the highest number of correct answers will be the winners. Selectedquestions may be used as tiebreakers.

Recommended Resources: All specimens listed on the Official Science Olympiad National Tree Listare represented in the National Audubon Society Field Guide(s) to Trees (Eastern and Westernregions), which is available on the Official Science Olympiad Store/Website at http://www.soinc.org as

are all reference and trainins resources.

@2012-cl0

GRAVITYVEHICLEScmxcnOLYMPrAD


1. DEICRIPTION: Teams design, build, and test one vehicle and ramp that uses gravitational potential energyas the vehicle's.sole means of propulsion to reach aTarget Point ai quickly, is accurately,^and as close-ibtheir predicted time as possible.

A TEAM OF UP TO:2 IMPOUND: Yes EYE PBQTEQTIqN: None APPROX TIME: 10 min.

EVENT PARAMETERS:a. Teams must bring one vehicle and one ramp. Teams may bring any tools.b. The Event Supervisor will provide all measurement tools, starting pencil and timers.

CONSTRUCTION PARAMETERS :

[email protected],cometoacomp1etestop,andbeas close as possible to their predicted time. The exact distance (in 50.0 cm intervals for regionat, tO.O cmintervals for state and 1.0 cm intervals for national tournaments) must be chosen by the Eient Supervisorand announced after all vehicles and ramps have been impounded

b. All energy used to propel the vehicle must come from the gravitational potential energy derived from themass of the vehicle. The vehicle must start from an elevated, non-hoiizontal positioh on a competitorprovided ramp. The ramp must include a release mechanism, which is not part of the vehicle, to hold thevehicle in place without any contact by the competitors.Transferring the vehicle's gravitational potential energy into elastic devices (e.g., a metal spring) ispermissible as long as these devices start at their lowest energy state. Pre-loaded energy storage deiicesmay be used to operate other vehicle functions (e.g., braking system) as long as they do not provideenergy to propel the vehicle.The vehicle's track (distance between outside surfaces of the left and rieht tires of the vehicle's widestaxle) must be 35.0 cm or less. Other parts of the vehicle (e.g., axles) may &ceed this 35.0 cm width.The vehicle's total mass must not exceed 2.500 kg.The vehicle must have the point of a bent paper clip which serves as a Measurement Point on either sideof the vehicle between the front and rear axles of the vehicle and extendine down to within 1.0 cm of thetrack's surface when the vehicle is on the track. The point of the paper c'iip nearest the track surface isused as the reference point for distance measurements and must be easily accessible to the EventSupervisor.The vehicle and the ramp together, in the ready to start position, must fit within a rectangular box (height100.0 cm/width75.0 cm/1ength75.0 cm). One side of the ramp's base must be parallel to the Start Line.Competitors must release the vehicle by using an unsharpened#2 pencil, with an unused eraser (suppliedby the Event Supervisor) to actuate the release mechanism. Compelitors must not touch the vehicle & therelease mechanism to start the run.Only the. wheels of the vehicle and the ramp are allowed to contact the floor. If any piece falls off duringthe run, it is a construction violation.Stopping mechanisms must work automatically. The vehicle must not be tethered or remotely controlled.Electrical components must not be used on the vehicle, the ramp or any alignment devices.

4. THE TRACK:a. The competition must be on a straight and level lane with a relatively smooth, hard, low-friction surface.

Space is needed on each side of the track's center and beyond the finish line to allow for eror in thevehicle's path, otherwise there is no defined track width.

b. One-inch tape must be used for the Start Line and the tape that contains the Target Point (finish point).The insjde edge of the tape must define the Start Line. The Start Line must be 1SO.O cm long and theTarget Point tape must be at least 2.50 cm long. The Target Point must be marked at the center of thistape. The center of the Start Line will be marked also. This center point and the Target Point will beperpendicularly aligned. There is no Center Line.

c. The Launch Area must be a 150.0 cm x 75.0 cm rectangle marked with tape, aligned with the Start Linetape forming one side of the rectangle. The Launch Area is outside of the track.

d. At the Event Supervisor's discretion, more than one track may be used. Teams must be given the optionto choose which track they will use. All runs by a team must be made on the same track.

5. THE COMPETITION:a. The vehicle and ramp must be impounded before the start of the competition. Tools, data, and calculating

devices need not be impounded.b. The Target Distance must not be announced until all vehicles and ramps have been impounded.

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@2012-clr

ScIpNcpOLYMPTADGRAVITY VEHICLE (CONT.)


J.

Only competitors being judged are allowed in the vehicle impound and track areas while teams arecompeting.Competitors must not verify the distance by rolling the vehicle on the track surface (floor) between thestart and finish line at any time prior to or during the competition.All parts of the vehicle must move as a whole. The competitors must not hold, constrain, or give a push tothe vehicle. If any piece falls off during the run, it is considered a construction violation. The vehicle mustbe able to remain at the starting position without being touched until triggered.Before the first run, the competitors must predict their vehicle's Travel Time. They must not change theprediction for the second run, but they may adjust the vehicle.Competitors have 10 minutes of Event Time to set up, make any changes to the vehicle (includingadjusting the Measurement Point) andlor ramp, take measurements, and start two runs. If the second runhas started before the lO-minute period has elapsed, it must be allowed to run to completion. Time usedby the Event Supervisor for run measurements dbes not count toward the 10 minutes Event Time.Competitors must place their vehicle and ramp completely inside the Launch Area; the center of the rampdoes not have to be alisned with the track center.Sighting and/or alignirig devices are permitted on the track but must be removed before the vehicle runs.Aligning and sighting devices mounted on the vehicle or ramp may be removed at the team's discretionprior to each run. Alignment devices left on the vehicle during its run must not cause the vehicle's mass toexceed the 2.500 kg maximum limit.Run Time starts when the vehicle begins forward motion and ends when the vehicle comes to a completestop. If a vehicle does not move upon actuation of the release rnechanism, it does not count as one of thetwo runs and the competitors maf request to set up for another run, but the time must count toward their10 minutes Event Time.If the vehicle moves any distance after actuation of the switch, it must be considered a run.Once the vehicle starts a run the competitors must move outside the lane, not follow their vehicle, andwait until called by the Event Supervisor to retrieve their vehicle following measurement.

m. Run Time is in seconds will be recorded to 0.01 seconds.n. Event supervisors are strongly encouraged to utilize 3 independent timers on allruns. The middle value of

the 3 timers must be the officially recorded time.o. If the time and,/or distance cannot be measured for a vehicle (e.g., the vehicle starts before the Event

Supervisor is ready or the competitors pick up the vehicle before it is measured), it is a failed run thatcounts as a run with no score.

p. Teams who wish to file an appeal must leave their vehicle with the Event Supervisor.

6. SCORING: Teams are ranked using the single run that gives them the best overall rank.a. The Run Score : Distance Scorel Time -Score + Predicted Time Score. Low score wins.b. The Distance Score is the distance from the Measurement Point to the Tarset Point in millimeters. This is

a point-to-point measurement.

l.

The Time Score:50 * (Run Time).The Predicted Time Score :25 * l0redicted Time - Travel Time)|.Tiers:i- -lrt Tier: A run with no violations.i. 2"d Tier: A run with competition violations.iii. 3'd Tier: A run with construction violations or both competition and construction violations.iv. 4th Tier: A vehicle that cannot complete any runs receiv6s only Participation Points.Ties must be broken by this sequence: 1. Better non-scored run' 2. Better Predicted Time Score of betterrun; 3. Better distance score on better run.

SCORING EXAMPLE: At a competition, a team's vehicle stopped 286 mm from the TargetPoint. It made therun in 4.79 s, and their predicted time was 5.52 s.

Distance ScoreTime ScorePredicted Time ScoreRun Score 543.7 5 points

Recommended Resources: All reference and training resources including the Problem Solving/Technology CD are available on the Official Science Olympiad Store or Website athttp:llwww.soinc.org

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286.00 points239.50 points

18.25 noints(50 * 4.79 s)(2s * l(s.s2 s - 4.79 s)l)

@2012-cr2

HELICOPTERSScmwcoOLYMPIAD

Read the General Rules in the manuals and on ***."ltrr".org as they uppry to "o"ry "o.rrt.

1. DESCRIPTION: Teams construct and test free flight rubber-powered helicopters prior to the tournamentto achieve maximum flight times.

A TEAM OF UP TO: 2 TIME: approximately 15 minutes

EVENT PARAMETERS:

a. Teams must bring up to 2 helicopters and their flight 1og. Teams may bring any tools.b. The Event Supervisor must provide all measurement tools and timers.

CONSTRUCTION PARAMETERS :

a. DESIGN: Helicopters may be constructed from published plan(s), commercial kits andlor a student'sdesign. Kits must not contain any pre-glued joints or pre-covered surfaces. A flat balsa wood disclarge enough to cover a dime must be placed on the upper most part of the helicopter (the partthat would touch a flat ceiling first during a flight) - time stops if it dislodges-see 4.j.

b. MATERIALS: Boron filaments must not be used anywhere on the helicopter. Any other materialmay be used anywhere on the helicopter.

c. MASS: Total mass of the helicopter throughout the flight, excluding the rubber motor, must be 3.5grams or more.

d. ROTORS: Rotors are defined as surfaces that contribute lift by rotating on a common path around avertical axis. The helicopter may use up to three fixed pitch rotors, not exceeding a maximum diameterof 35.0 cm. There is no maximum limit on the number of blades or their chord width. There must notbe any other lifting surfaces.

e. RoroR CONSTRUCTION: competitors must construct the rotorsthemselves. Commercially available rotors or propellers must not be used inwhole or part. Commercially available rotor thrust bearings may be used.

f. POWER: The helicopter must be powered by rubber motor(s) of any mass,which may be lubricated before and after check-in and must be removablefrom the helicopter for check-in. Officials need not mass the motors.

g. MARKING: Each helicopter must be labeled so the Event Supervisor caneasily identify to which team it belongs.

4. THE COMPETITION:

a. The event must be held indoors. Tournament officials must announce the room dimensions(approximate length, width and ceiling height) in advance of the competition. Tournament officials areurged to minimize the effects of environmental factors such as air currents (e.g., doors, fans). Roomswith minimal ceiling obstructions are preferred over very high ceilings.

b. Once competitors enter the cordoned off competition area to trim, practice or compete, they must notreceive outside assistance, materials or communication. Teams violating this rule will be ranked belowall other teams. There must be a separate area designated for spectators.

c. Each team must present a flight log of recorded data during inspection. Data must include at least 6parameters for at least 10 test flights prior to the competition. The required parameters are: 1) motorsize before windup, 2) number of turns on the motor at launch, 3) flight time. The team must choose 3additional data parameters beyond those required (e.g., the torque at launch, turns remaining afterlanding, estimated/recorded peak flight height, etc.).

d. At the Event Supervisor's discretion, practice flights may occur throughout the event but must yield toany official flight. Multiple practice flights may occur at the same time. No trim (practice) flights willbe permitted in the last half-hour of the event, except for teams that declare a trim flight during their 8-minute flight period.

e. A self-check inspection station may be made available to competitors for checking their helicoptersprior to being checked by the Event Supervisor.

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@2012-ct3

ScrcucnOL\'l\,rprADHELICOPTERS (CONT.)


competitors may use any type of winder, but electricity may not be available.Competitors must present their event materials (helicopter(s), motor(s), and log) for inspectionimmediately prior to a team's 2 official flights. Event supervisors are strongly urged to returnflight logs after inspection. Timers must follow and observe teams as they are winding their motors.Teams may make up to a total of 2 official flights using I or 2 helicopters.Teams will be given an 8-minute "Flight Period," starting when their first flight (trim or official) aftercheck-in begins. Any flight beginning within the 8-minute period will be permitted to fly tocompletion. Participants may make adjustments/repairs/trim flights during their official 8-minuteperiod. During their 8-minute flight period, all flights must be considered an official flight unlessthey are declared a trim flight prior to launch. Teams must not be given extra time to recover orrepair their helicopter(s).

j. The timing official will measure and record the "Time Aloft" in hundredths of a second for eachflight. Time Aloft for each flight starts when the helicopter leaves the competitor's hand and stopswhen any part of the helicopter touches the floor, the rotors no longer support the weight of thehelicopter (such as the helicopter landing on a girder or basketball hoop) or the judges otherwisedetermine the flight to be over.

k. Event supervisors are strongly encouraged to utilize 3 independent timers on all runs. Themiddle value of the 3 timers will be the officially recorded time.

l. The Event Supervisor may permit other official flights during the flight of another team's helicopter.m. Competitors must not steer the helicopter during flight. In the unlikely event of a collision with another

helicopter, a team may elect a re-flight. The decision to re-fly may be made after the helicopter lands.The eight-minute period does not apply to such a flight.

5. SCORING: The base score is the team's longest single flight time. Ties will be broken by the longestnon-scored flight time.

a. Teams with incomplete flight logs must have l0o/o of their flight time deducted from each flight.b. Teams without flight logs must have 30% of their flight time deducted from each flight.c. Teams with a helicopter with non-coaxial rotors whose axes of rotation are separated by at least

the radius of the rotors (e.g., o'Chinook style") must have their recorded flight time multiplied by3 for scoring purposes.

d. Teams that violate a rule under "CONSTRUCTION" or "THE COMPETITION" that does not have aspecific penalty must be ranked after all teams that do not violate those rules.

Recommended Resources: All reference and training resources including the Helicopters D\{D areavailable on the Official Science Olympiad Store or Website athttp:llwww.soinc.org

THIS EVENT IS SPONSORED BY THE ACADEMY OF MODEL AERONAUTICShttp ://www. modelairc r aft.or gl

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@2012-ct4

MICROBE MISSIONScmNcpOLYNTPTAD


1. DESCRIPTION: Teams will answer questions, solve problems, and analyze data pertaining to microbes.

A TEAM OF UP TO: 2 EYE PROTECTION: #4 APPROXIMATE TIME: 50 Minutes2. EYENT PARAMETERS: Each team may bring only one 8.5" x 11" two-sided page of notes that contain

information in any form from any source"and "! to ) non-programmable, ttott-gtuitring calculators. Eachparticipant must bring and wear 287 chemical splash goggles.

3' THP.COMPETITION: The event may be run as timed stations. Students will be given questions pertainingto.different tpes of rnicrobes. Some questions/stations may involve the actual uie of a microscbpe. If n5mrcroscopes arc available, high quality photographs with appropriate scales may be used instead. Mostquestions should gmphasize ageldiJrision, appropriate process skills such as: data interpretation from graphsand tables, use of a dichotomous key, drawing conclusions, calculations, metric conversions, deterfriningactual size of the-organism, inferences, and malking observations. Studenti may be asked to perform simplElaboratory procedures as measurements or using probes (sufficient informaiion will be provided at

^the

station). Possible live. specimens may include only baker's yeast, ciliates, amoebae, lichens, and. algae.Pictures & prepared slides are appropriate for all microbial types. The content areas may include:.

Reeional a{rd State Tournaments (B & C): The competition should cover all of the topics and notemphasize just one area such as microbial disease.a. Different kinds _of micr_oscopes and their uses. Parts & function of the light microscopes, principles of

microscopy, and magnification and field of view determination.b. Bec^ognition and function of nucleus, mitochondria and chloroplasts, and their possible microbial origin.c. Differences (e.g., size, environment, structure, prokaryotic vs. eukaryotic, elc.) among prions, viruses,, bacteria, Archaea, fungi, algal and animal like protists, and parasite w-orms.d. Roles of microbes in commercial production, spoilage, preservation & decomposition of various foods.e. Diseases caused by different kind of microbes and the tieatment/prevention of these diseases.f. Estimation/calculation of size based on scales in pictures br microscooic

information and amount of the visual field occupied.Growth curves; graph interpretation.Beneficial microbes vs. Danserous microbes.

oD'

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Division C (only)i. Names for and recognition of

various bacterial shapesj. Gram stain uses and difference

berween gram & gram-k. Important aspects of spores & cysts

National Tournament (B & C)l. All state/regional level materialm.Resistance to various antimicrobial asentsn. Role of microbes in the causes of plarit diseaseso. Causes and effects of microbial population explosionsp. Microbial competition

4. SAMPLE QUESTIONS: Note: Disease questions must be restricted to the 2012 Microbial Diseases on www.soinc.orsa. Provide two differences among bacteria. viruses. and funsi.b. Using the following key, deteririne (froin pictures) whiclicell, A, B, or C is considered an alga.c. Based on the following graph, determine which organism is best suited for growth in acid environment.d. A cell is observed through a light microscope at 4x magnification. The cell takes up abut half of the visual

field. What is the approximate length of this organism?e. Students observe a picture of a plate with different colonies on it. Based on the color of the colony, how

many different kinds of organisms do you detect? Which type of organism appears to be the mostprevalent?

f. $9* this picture identify the organelle, its function, and state which type of microbe it is unique to.g. What type of microbe is involved in the production of most breads?h. What type of microbe is responsible for polio?i. Based on the following graph, what will be the microbial population/ml after 3.5 hours of growth?j. Match the disease with the type of organism that causes it.

5. SCORING: Highest score will determine the winner. Selected questions may be used as tiebreakers.Recommended Resources: All reference and training resources including the Microbe Mission CD areavailable on the Official Science Olympiad Store and Website at http://www.soinc.org.

@2012-cl5

OPTICS CScmNcpOLYlrPrAD


1. DESCRIPTION: This event includes activities and questions related to geometric and physical optics.A TEAM OF UP TQ: 2 EYE PROTECTION: None Required APPROX. TIME: 50 MinutesEVENT PARAMETERS:a. Competitors may bring any measuring toolo premade templates, writing utensils and use any type of

calculators for use during any part of the competition.b. All reference materials to be used during all parts of the competition must be secured in a 3-ring binder,

must be 3-hole punched and inserted in the binder so that regardless of orientation nothing can fall out.c. Event Supervisors provide the Laser Shoot Surface (LSS), laser, mirrors and barriers. Multiple

LSS's may be used to facilitate all teams being able to compete in a timely manner.THE COMPETITION:a. The competition consists of three parts that include experimental tasks and questions related to geometric

optics and physical optics. All answers are to be provided in SI units with proper significant figures.b. Parl 1: Geometric Optics, which may include the following topics:

i. Law of reflection (Specular / Diffuse)ii. Refraction (measurement of index of refraction, Snell's Law, critical angle)iii. Prism (Deviation and Dispersion)iv. Convex, concave, and plain mirrors: ray tracing, focal length, real object, images (reallvirtual,

erect/inverted, magnifi cation)v. Convex and concave lens: ray tracing, focal length, real object, thin lens equation, lensmaker's

equation, and images (reallvirtual, erect/inverted, magnification)vi. Operating principles of optical equipment (microscopes, telescopes, cameras, glasses)State and National Toumaments may also include:vii. Propagation of wave fronts (Huygens' Principle)viii. Ray tracing of two perpendicular or parallel plane mirrors (corner reflector andlor periscope)ix. Ray tracing of two lens systems: real and virhral objects and images (erect/inverted, magnification)Part 2: Physical Optics, which may include the following topics:i. Visible Spectrum (primary/secondary colors, additive/subtractive, absorption/reflection)ii. Structure and function of the parts of the human eyeiii. Wavelengths, frequencies, velocities, and nomenclature of the various portions of the EM spectrumiv. Doppler shiftv. Bright Line and Absorption Spectravi. Light Intensity (Inverse square law, SI units), Energy and momentum of photonsState and National Tournaments may also include:vii. Interference/superposition of waves (Young's experiment--location of peaks only, not intensity)viii. Lasers (theory of operation, difference between coherent and non-coherent light)Part 3: Laser Shoot - The objective is to reflect a laser beam with mirrors around barriers to a target.i. The maximum set-up time is 4 minutes. Timing must stop when the competitors remove the

material covering the face of one mirror. Competitors must not make any additionaladjustments to the mirrors at that point other than to remove the other mirror coverings.

ii. The Laser Shoot Surface (LSS) is a horizontal flat surface enclosed by a 2 + 0.5 cm thick wall; thesurface may be a table top.

iii. The size of the enclosed horizontal surface is 56 + 1 cm x 35 + 1 cm.iv. The height of the wall above the laser shoot surface is 9 * 1.5 cm.v. The 5 flat mirors must have a width of 5 - 8 cm. Each mirror is mounted so that it stands vertically

(at a 90 degree angle to the LSS), does not have excess mounting material on its side edges, has itsapproximate center at the level of the laser beam and can be easily relocated anywhere on theLSS by the students. The mirror faces must initially be covered with a cardboard sleeve or othereasily removable non-reflecting, opaque material.

vi. A laser (provided by the Event Supervisor) is mounted in a horizontal plane through the approximatecenter of one of the 35 cm lons walls at a heisht of 1.5 - 6.0 cm above the LSS.

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@2012-cr6

ScmwcnOL\'t\{prADOPTICS C (CONT.)


vii. Class 2 Lasers (1mW or less) are to be used. Green lasers are prefered but not required.viii. The laser must be securely mounted through the wall such that it cannot be moved and the laser beam

is perpendicular to the wall through which it is mounted.ix. A line is drawn on the LSS from a point directly below the emitting tip of the laser to a point directly

below the center of the laser beam where it strikes the opposite wall. The event superuisor must testthe beam's alignment before the next team is permitted to see the LSS.

x. Competitors are not permitted to touch the laser or change its orientation and/or position. The lasermust remain fixed throughout the entire event.

xi. A metric scale with a resolution of at least 1 mm must be attached horizontally to the far target wallat the level at which the laser strikes. One of the marks on the scale is the Target point.

xii' 3 barriers are placed on the LSS. At least 1 barrier is placed somewhere along the line betweenthe emitting tip of the laser and the Target Point. The barriers must have a width of 2 to 4 cm andbe tall enough to block the laser beam. The barriers must be in the same position and orientation inrespect to the LSS for al1 competitors.

xiii. Competitors must make all measurements, calculations, and mirror placement/alignment within the 4-minute time allowed. The lasermust not be turned on until thecompetitor(s) complete themiror placement /alignment.Competitors may choose touse between 1 and 5 mirrors.

xiv. All mirrors must be placed in ahome position designated bythe event supervisor before thenext competitors are permittedto see the laser shoot station.

xv. Competitors must not mark onor modiflz the LSS.

4. SqQEING:

- 56i1 cm

a. The highest total points wins. Points are awarded for correct answers, measurements, calculations,analysis of data, number of mirrors used and laser shoot accuracy. Supervisors are encouraged toprovide a standardized form on which students can show allray tracings, measurements and calculations.

b. Points are distributed in the followins manner:

35+1 cm

911.5 cm

i. Part 1: Geometric Opticsii. Part2: Physical Optics

o/o correct answers x 30 pointsoh conect answers x 30 points

iii. Part 3: Laser Shoot Mirrors # mirrors the laser reflects off of r 4 pointsiv. Part 3: Laser Shoot Accuracy (20 - (accuracy (in mm)/10))(Note: Accuracy is the horizontal distance from the Target Point to the center of where the laserstrikes a wall; if the distance is > 200 mm or the laser does not strike a wall, set the result to 0 for4.b.iv., but still calculate the # mirrors score; If the laser strikes another wall instead of the wall thetarget is on, the distance shall be the sum of the straight line measurements from the Target Point tothe corner along one wall and from the corner to the laser dot along the other wall.)

c. Scoring example: A team correctly answers 7 out of 10 questions on Part I and 65 out of 100 onPart 2. They use 3 mirrors on the laser shoot and the laser beam ends up 21 mm away from theTarget Point: Part 1 score: 7ll0 = 0.7 x 30:21 points,Part 2 score: 65/100:0.65 x 30: 19.5 points,Part 3 mirrors score: 3 x4:12 points, Part 3 accuracy score: 20 - (21/ 10):17.9 points. Totalscore: 2l + 19.5 + 12 + 17.9:70.4 points.

d. Ties are broken using a designated task(s) or question(s). The supervisor must identify the tiebreaker onthe answer form provided to the students at the beginning of the competition period.

Recgmllgndgd. Relqq4gq: All reference and training resources including the Chem/phy Sci CD are availableon the Official Science-Olympiad Store or Website at ivww.soinc.org

e

@20r2-cr7

PROTEIN MODELINGScrpNcnOLyivIPrAD


1. DESCRIPTION: Students will use computer visualization and online resources to guide them inconstructing physrcal models of proteins and^in understanding how the structure of the protein-determines thefunction. For 2012, students will model proteins involved in the regulation of apoptosis as they explore thediscovery and treatment of a rare (one in a billion) genetic trait discovered through genome sequencing.A TEAM OF UP TO: 3 IMEQUND: Yes APPROXIMATE TIME: 50 minutes for Part II & ilI

2. EVENT PARAMETERS: Pre-build models will be impounded one hour before the competition begins.a. Students rnay brrng up to five double-sided, 8.5"x11';pages of notes. Internet access is^not permitGd.b. Supervisors will provide all materials for on-site model construction.

3. THE COMPETITION: This event has three parts: a pre-build model, an on-site build model and an exam.a. Part I: The Pre-Build Model. Students will use a computer visualization program (Jmol;

http://cbm.msoe.edu/includes/jmol/SOJmols/2012PreBuild.html) to design and construct a model of aspecific protein based on atomic coordinate data, which can be accessed for free through the RCSBProtein Data Bank (http://www.pdb.org). For 2012, students will construct a model of caspase-3, based onchains A and B of the coordinate data found in the li3o.pdb file. Caspases are described in the August2004 RCSB Molecule of the Month (http://www.pdb.org/pdb/101/motm.do?momlD:56) by David S.Goodsell. The same constructed model of caspase-3 will be brought to all competitions; as thecompetition level increases, the scoring rubrics foithe pre-build model #ill reflect highei expectations formodel accuracy, detail and enhancements.

b. The final pre-build model must be based on the alpha carbon backbone display of the protein and mustuse a scale of 2 cm per amino acid. Students may use Mini-Toobers@, or other comparable material(e.g.,Kwik Twists, 12 gauge dimensional house wire, etc.), to construct their pre-build model. Students will usematerials of theiiown choosing to add functionally relevant features io their model (e.g., select aminoacid sidechains, DNA or associated molecules). The additions to the model should focus on illustratingthe significance of the structure to the function of the protein. A significant portion of the score will bederived from these additional features. Students must provide a 3"x5" note card explaining the additionsto their model and what they represent and deliver their pre-build model and 3"x5" card to iudges at thecompetition site for impounding. Models must be picked

"p by the students after the competiiionl

c. Part II: The On-Site Model. During the on-site competition, students will design and build a physicalmodel of a selected region of a protein using materials provided by the event supelisor. For theInvitational Competitions, students will model a selected region of Diablo (1g73.pdb). For RegionalCompetitions, students will model a selected region of XIAP (1i30.pdb). For State Competitions, studentswill model a selected region of PARP (3od8.pdb). For the National Competition, students will model aselected region of MHC (lhsa.pdb), which is described in the February 2005 RC,SB Molecule of theMonth by David S. Goodsell (http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/101/motm.do?momlD:62).

d. Students will utilize a computer provided with the Jmol application at the competition. Students mustutilize only one of the identical computers provided at the competition with the above-mentioned files onit to guide their model construction. All construction materials for the model (Mini-Toobers@, foamamino acid sidechains, crosslinkers and plastic red and blue end caps) will be provided. Any model nothanded to the judges by the end of the competition time will not be accepted for scoring.

e. Part III: The On-Site Written Exam will be multiple choice/short answer questions about therelationship between protein structure and function, with an emphasis on apoptosis and bone marrowtransplants.

4. SCORING: 40o/o of the event score will be based on the pre-build protein model (Part I), 30o/o on the on-sitebuild (Part II) and 30o/o on the written exam (Part III). The pre-build protein model (Part I) will be scoredbased on the accuracy and scale of the secondary structures, as well as the additions to the model (e.g.sidechains, DNA or associated molecules). Creative additions that do not support the molecular story will notreceive full credit. The on-site build protein model (Part II) will be scored based on accuracy of folding themodel and positioning specific amino acid sidechains. The exam (Part III) will be scored for accuracy. Tieswill be broken using identified questions from the written exam.

Recommended Resources: Event details and available kit information can be found at:http//@ttp://cbm.msoe.edu/sfupro/so/index.html&theRCSBPDBHomepage (www.pdb.org) The purchase of mini-toober from 3D Molecular Designs helps todefray the cost of the onsite build materials used at the regional, state and nationaltournaments.

This event is sponsored by the Milwaukee School of Engineering

@2012-ct8

REMOTE SENSINGScrnNcpOLYI,IPrAD


1. DESCRIPTION. Participants will use remote sensing imagery, science and mathematical process skillsto complete tasks related to an understanding of the Earth's Hydrosphere.

A TEAM OF UP TO:2 IMPOUND:No APPROXIMATE TIME: 50 Minutes

EVENT PARAMETERS: Each team may bring five 8.5" x 11" two-sided sheets of paper containingany information from any source. Each participant may bring a metric ruler, a protractor, a ffiangle, a

magnifying glass, and any kind of (non-graphing) calculator, but no other resources.

THE COMPETITION: Students should understand concepts and terms related to how remote sensingtechnologies are used to record data and monitor changes in the atmosphere and hydrosphere usingmeasurements of:

a. Atmospheric temperature and temperatures of oceans,inland seas and bodies of fresh water

b. Greenhouse gases in the atmosphere including watervapor, carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide

c. Changes in vegetative cover

d. Chanses in sea level and ice elevation

e. Other changes in geological, hydrological and in man-made features associated with bodies of waterportrayed on a remote sensing image

f. Students should also be familiar with principles of satellite imagery including the electromagneticspectrum, interactions between electromagnetic energy and the atmosphere/hydrosphere, and NASAEarth Observation Missions related to monitorine of the atmosphereihydrosphere.

4. SAMPLE ACTIVITIES:

a. Compare a remote sensing image of a glacier with a similar image acquired earlier to determinechanges in the area and depth of ice that have taken place in the elapsed time.

b. Use a remote sensing image to evaluate damage to residential land use and transportationinfrastructure caused by flooding or reservoir impoundments.

c. Use time-lapsed remote sensing imagery to track the path of an oil spill and predict its effect on localwetland regions

5. SCORING: Teams with the highest number of correct responses will be the winners. Selected questions

or question sets may be used as Tiebreakers.

Recommended Resources: All reference and training resources including the Remote Sensing CDare available on the Official Science Olympiad Store or Website at http:/iwww.soinc.org and the

Laboratory Manual in Physical Geology Eighth Edition 2009 AGI/NAGT.

2.

-J.

@20t2-cr9

ROBOTARMScrpNcpOL\MPTAD

2.

3.


DESCRIPTION: Prior to the competition teams must design, build, document and test one robotic device tomove scoreable items.A TEAM OF UP_TOz 2 IMPOUND: No @: #5 APPROX. TIME: 10 min.EVENT PARAMETERS: Teams must provide one Device. Teams without proper eye protection must beimmediately informed of that and given a chance to obtain eye protection if time allows, otherwise not beallowed to compete and are scored as a no-show. The Supervisor provides the Competition Area and items.CONSTRUCTION PARAMETERS: The Device includes the Arm(s), an optional permanently attachedBase, remote control box(es) (e.g. radio control, infrared, connections (i.e., wites, tubes, hoses, etc.)).a. The Arm(s) may be attached to a Base. All parts (except the control box(es)/connections) in the ready to

run position must fit inside a 30.0 cm x 30.0 cm square with no height restriction. The Arm(s) is notrestricted to these dimensions during the run and must be attached to the floor only by the force ofgravity.

b. The Device may use modified kit parts and have any number of arms and joints.c. Competitors must not impart energy directly onto the Arm(s) (i.e., all end effector movements must be

powered by stored energy in the device components).d. Commercial batteries, not exceeding 14.4 volts as labeled, may be used to energize each of the Device's

electrical circuits. Multiple batteries may be connected in series or parallel as long as the expected voltageoutput across any points does not exceed 14.4 volts as calculated using their labeled voltage.

e. Arm functions may have independent circuits, sources of electrical energy andlor control mechanisms.f. Radio control equipment used for this event must operate on frequencies designated by the FCC for

surface devices. -The

frequency must be marked by the manufacturer on the transmitter. Allowablefrequencies are: 75 MHz band Q5.41 - 75.99 MHz), 27 MHzband (26.995 - 27 .255 MHz), 49 MHzband(49.8302 - 49.890 MHz) or 2.4 GHz. Devices using other frequencies must not be ailowed to compete.

DOCUMENTS: In addition to the Device, teams must develop and submit at check-in (or as announced bythe tournament director) the following three technical documents-examples available at http:/iwww.soinc.orga. Engineering Drawings (hand-drawings are acceptable), either as 3-views or projected views, of the basic

structure of the Device that must show:i. All motors andlor actuators on the Arm(s)ii. All energy sourcesiii. All Arm(s) end effectors (parts that interact with the items on the Competition Area)iv. Controls the competitors are using to interact with the Arm(s)

b. $dividual Component List for every component of the Arm(s), except fasteners, with the followinginformation. A preassembled component (one not assembled by the team) counts as one component:i. Name of each componentii. Location/vendor from which the component can be obtainediii. Two or more key properties of the component (e.g., weight, dimensions, voltage rating, etc-)iv. Energy source irf ttre component (n/a- is an acceptable entry if the component is a voltage/current

source or if the component is not energized)c. Operating Descriptim

i. Device reaction to each control inputii. Tentative/Proposed plan of movement (i.e., which items in the Competition Area will be moved; how

the Device will move each item)EOMPETITION AREA: The Competition Area is a taped 70.0 cm x 70.0 cm square using the inside edge-o@TheSuperviiormustdesignateeachofthe4sidesasNorth,East,South,andWest.a. Ataped 30.0 cm x 30.0 cm square (the "Arm Square") is marked inside of, centered on, and touching the

South edge of the Competition Area. The outside tape edge is used to mark the Arm 9quute __

b. Goal Boies are labeled- W, N, & E and placed inside the Competition Area centered on the West, North,and East sides, touching the edges of tlie Competition Area. Goal boxes must be a bottom_ portion of ahalf-gallon milk jug, cut to a height between 9.5 and 10.5 cm with the opening fac118 up. They must notbe seiured to the-surface. The Device may move them anywhere after Competition Time begins.

c. The Competition Area is divided into North and South Zones along a 35.0 cm Center Line that is definedby the northern edge of a piece of tape running from the East to West edges_ of the Competitio_n Area.

d. At the beginning of each Competition Time, 5 "Yz inch nominal size" PVC pipes (9.5_-_10.5 cm long), 5

ferromagietic niils (9.5 - 105 cm long), and 5 unsharpened#2 penclls qre spaced 7.5 cm apart andplaced p-erpendicular to the edges of the Arm Square in a row. The head of each nail, the eraser end of-each

pencil, and an end of eaclipipe touches the edges of the Arm Square,. and points ayay from it.e. The pencils are placed along the West edge, the nails along the North gdge al{ the pipes along.the East

edge. 4 upright D batteries aie centered between each pair of nails with the positive terminal (nub) up.

@2012-c20

ROBOTARM (CONT.)ScIpNcnOLYMPIAD

Read the General Rules in the manuals and on www.soinc.org as they appty to every event.

f. One unmodified half-gallon jug with the cap removed (the,"Bonus Box") is placed at one of the two

North corners of the iompetii6n Area by the Event Supervisor. Placement is the same for all teams. Itmust not be secured to the ground. The Device may move it anywhere after_Competition.Time begins.^

6. COMPETITIQN: At check iln, the Event Supervisof inspects and measures the device, selects 4 items from

the technical documentation, and has the competitors point them out on their device.

a. Teams have 5 minutes ofPrep Time to set up and test their Device in the Competition Area.

b. Teams have 3 minutes of Competition Tim^e to complete the task of moving the scoreable items, which

begins once the team notifies th'e Supervisor they are ieady and initiate movement of the Device.

c. Thi run must stop if any of the following occur:i. 3 minutes has elapsedii. The team says "Stop"iii. The team steps onto the Competition

Area a second time after being warnedonce

iv. Any end effectors aremoved by anything ..--

besides stored energyin the Device

v. Any paft of the Devicetouching the Arrn Squaresurface exits the Arm Square

vi. The Device is physically moved by theconnections to the control box(es)

vii.The Arm(s) become detached from the optional Base id. Teams who wish to file an appeal must leave their

documentation and Device with the Supervisor.SqORING: High score wins.a. If the team or control box(es) connections move any of the scoreable items (pencils, nails, pipes.

batteries), or if any scoreabloitem touches the surface outside o_f the Competition Area, even if itjs under

the control of the hrm(sl, ifr", item is out of play and must not be used to attain any points. The Goal and

Bonus Boxes may touch the surface outside the Competition Area.

U. Teams receive pointr for items completely supported by_Goal Boxes at the end of the Competition Time

as listed below. points attributed to an item irthe Goal-Box must only be counted if that item was placed

while the box was upright. yfglt qaql Lql NqthGqalEaa Eaqt Saql ialPencil -3 2 2

Nail 232PVC223

Teams receive 4 points for each Goal Box that completely supports one or more batteries.(12 points ryax )At the end of the run, any item that is completely within ihe Nbrtfr Zone andnot completely supported by

one of the Goal or Bonus Boxes receives 1 point.i0 p;i"tr-f* each item type (except batLeri6s) completely. in the Bonus Box- (30 points max.) - -tf alt least one item is fuliy in the North Zone'or suppgrted by_ a Goal Box when time is stopped 5. points

are awarded for each Goil Box that did not lie completely sideways al any time' (15 points max.)

The maximum number of points possible is 94.reu*, with complete technical dbcuments receive their full score. For each complete document missing

ai;-;l,teams t..iirr. a l0o/o penalty off of their final score (up to 30%). For each ilcomplete-document

i"-g ,'inr Drawings do not inilude a motor on the device) teams receive a 5oh penalty.(up to f 5'/t.ip?i"iir r"Lttu.T.o for each missing or inconectly identified item during the check-in inspection.

Ties are broken by:i. Least number of electrical, hydraulic or pneumatlc motors used.

Pgssible BonusJug l-ecations

Narth lGoal

WestGoal

30 cm7S cnr

d.

f.

5.h.

ii. Quality of technical documentation.k. Tiers:

i. Tier 1: Devices that meet all requirements are ranked by highest scofe ..ii. Tier 2: Devices that fail to meet a spec. under "Constru-ction Parameter" are ranked by highest score'

iii. Tier 3: Devices with Competition violations are ranked by highest score. 1 riv. participation points only:bevices that violate the frequency rules; that have no capability, by design or

construction, to scole points via moving objects; oI are unable to.compete'

Recommended Resouices:'Al1 reference, sairple documents and tra_ining resources including the Rotlot

Arrn DVD, adtaiG6le{n the Official Scienc^e Olympiad Store or Website at http://www'soinc.org

@20I2-C2L

ROCKSAND MINERALSScTnNcnOLYMPTAD


1. DESCRIPTION: Teams will demonstrate their knowledse of rocks and minerals.

A TEAM OF UP TO: 2 APPROXIMATE TIME: 40-50 Minutes

EYENT PARAMETERS: Each team may bring only one magnifying glass; one published fieldguide that they may tab and write in and one 3-ring binder (any size) containing information inany form from any source. The materials must be 3-hole punched and inserted into the rings (sheetprotectors are allowed).

@:a. Equal time intervals, as determined by the supervisor, will be allotted for each station. When the

start signal is given, participants will begin work at their initial station.b. Participants may not move to the next station until prompted to do so, may not skip stations, or

retuin to any previously visited station.c. Specimens and other materials placed at the various stations may not be taken to other stations.d. HCI will not be provided, nor may it be brought to or be used during the competition. Written

descriptions as to how a specimen might react were it to be tested with HCI may be provided.e. Only those specimens appearing on the Official Science Olympiad Rock and Mineral List (see

www.soinc.org) will be used in the competition with the following exception: TournamentDirectors may include up to five additional specimens important to their own state. If additionalspecimens are to be included, all teams must be notified no later than three weeks prior to the

aJ.

competlilon.

4. Topics may include, but are not limited to:

a. Specimen identificationb. Rock cyclec. Properties of mineralsd. Mineral groupse. Economic importancef. Formation and properties of igneous, sedimentary,

and metamorphic rocksg. Clues to past environmentsh. Composition and structure of mineralsi. Bowen's reaction series

5. REPRESENTATIVE STATION ACTIVITIES:

a. Using the materials provided, fingernails included, determine the relative hardness of each ofthese six minerals. List the specimens, by name and number, in order of increasing hardness.

b. Match each metamorphic rock with the fype of rock from which it may have been formed.

6. SCORING: Total scores will determine rankings in this event. Ties will be broken by the accuracyor quality of answers to selected questions.

Recommended Resources: A11 reference and training resources including the Science Olympiad Rock& Mineral Teaching Guide, the Bio/Earth CD and the National Audubon Society Field Guide toNorth American Rocks and Minerals are available on the Official Science Olympiad Store or Websiteat http://www.soinc.org. Also, Rocks and Minerals kits (*excluding only silver, gold, and diamond)may be purchased by check or School Purchase Order from ESES, P.O. Box 503, Lee's Summit, MO64063 (No Credit Cards or Phone Orders-PH 816-524-5635; FAX 816-525-4263) item OLY01 at $85.00.Price quoted includes shipping and handling.

The Rock Gycle

,dPrlmii#'J.';l l-iffi; /\,fi*,.s A/#r /^vt-1

-lfm-1-.E""=/

MetamorphicRocks

@20t2-c22

SOUNDS OF MUSICScTnNcnOLYMPTAD

i.


DESCRIPTION: Prior to the competition each team must build two different instruments, of any type,based on a 12 tone tempered scale, prepare to describe the principles behind their operation and be able toperform a major scale, a required melody and a chosen melody with each.

{ TEAM OF: 2 EYE PROTECTION: None Required APPROXIMATE TIME: 20 min/Set-up 5 minEIIENT PARAMETERS:a. Teams must provide a score of all music (both chosen and required) to be performed and submit it in

notated form at the beginning of their presentation. Copies of this rules page must not be accepted.b. All music must be written in the appropriate clef for each of the instruments as stated in the charl below.c. Each competitor must play at least one instrument.d. Notes, calculators, books, etc. must not be allowed for any portion of the judging. Sheet music is allowed.coNSTRUCTTONa. Each instrument must be capable of playing the required lines as written or as transposed into a key

adapted to their instrument but staying within the allowable range.

b. Electric or electronic devices, toy or professional instruments or parts of such instruments must not be

permitted (e.g., bells, whistles, mouthpieces, reeds or reed blocks, audio-oscillators, rosin, tuning pegs,

etc.). The only exception is that strings of any type (instrument or others) are permitted.c. No electricity is allowed. A11 energy put into the instruments must originate from the competitors.d. Instruments must be able to go through a standard 80cm wide door without alteration or disassembly.THE COMPETITION:a. Part 1: Instrument Evaluation and Accuracy

i. Instruments must be evaluated on creativity/originality, variety, and workmanship (appearance, ease

of play, durability, etc.) through an interview process.

ii. Competitors must play a specific note from the required scale that must be judged for accuracy.b. Part 2: Range and Sound Quality

i. Each competitor must play the Mandatory scale as given in the following chart and must be evaluatedon range, pitch, and sound quality.

ii. Range will also be evaluated on range size. lnstruments capable of playing above and/or belolvthe mandatory scale will receive more points. Corresponding frequencies for each note below have

been rounded to the nearest whole number.

4.

ScaleMandatorv ScaleAllowable Scoring Range F3 to G5 ll75-784H2)Music submitted in Treble Clef

Instrument I lnstrument 2

C major (C4 to C51262-523 Hz)) G major (G2 to G3 [98-196 Hz])C2 Io D4 165-29a HzlBass Clef

s LnL.i !il* f.{ d** F$:r\ rn* aas sr {€c' t:llf, a:rririrr* €i* 6._;s,i=j f{n* r}c4 &cq! {* h_o i4il L.rL!/_, Ftri &s:ff s& slid :; is !s!: ud *ij:] 3s gf,g:::I:::J:3i1 t?k n:i;:,ii +.i;s. ;$t tt; iEGc] r's-' ges €F +L4as tr'! .oc6 {t4 .tFs rJil cN{ gc '34* :

i H t i t * * g: t I t:: :; r s 5 E d I H H B H ii H H I f; $ 4 B $ $ $ { F T:: F- F; s F t il { # $ E i ;H S * * * t H H . F * t S S a r s rl E s a E r o ri B lj s; ft ti iirs s € s x t 3; i f g ii 3 *j t g;: I i

ts Ed o v r{ { c., 35 |n f: trJ tr :l n F,:r' {-\aar' -

F rJ..j rv n, N Rl r.r L) SiIEETTE r H t t E * S s H * & E S F F F* F H I 5 * r 1l t x tPart 3: Sound of the Ensemblei. The team must then perform, in any key within the musical ranges specified, the lines of mustc

included below. The piece must be played as a duet including melody and harmony. Competitors must

supply their own harmony.ii. They must also play a duet of their choosing which best demonstrates their instruments' capabilities.iii.Evaluation factors for both include rhythm, intonation, dynamics, quality and blend.iv. Competitors must be given a maximum of 4 minutes to play both the required duet and the chosen duet.

@20t2-c23

souNDs oF MUSIC (CONT.)scmNcpoLYMPIAD


d. Part 4: Knowledgei. The competitors must be asked to describe the scientific principles used in the design and construction

of their instruments (e.g., How it makes sound; What determines the pitch? How is volume changed?).ii. This must be done as an oral interview andlor with a written set of questions, with approximately 3 to 6

pre-selected questions adaptable to various instruments.iii.Competitors must be able to define or explain basic terminology regarding sound, sound production,

and related science terms. These include the fundamental elements of wave theory. Bernoulli Effect,acoustics, musical sound perception, and harmonics.

5. SCORING:a. Al1 scoring must be done by the same set ofjudges (preferably 2-3).If more than one person is judging,

each judge must score a separate part of the competition.b. All sections must be added for the total score.

c. Judges must have knowledge of both music and the physics of sound.

d. A complete scoring rubric is available on the Sounds of Music page on soinc.orge. Part 1: Instrument Evaluation and Accuracy (Judge 1)

i. Ori ginah Q I cr e atl t\r (traditional/unusual)ii. Appropriate varieties of instruments usediii.Workmanship (appearance, easy to play, durability, etc.)iv.Accuracy of specified note

f. Part 2: Range and Sound Quality (Judge 1)

i. Demonstrated range _ octaves (for instrument #1) _ notesii. Sound quality (compared to standard instruments #1)iii.Demonstrated range _ octaves (for instrument #2) _ notes

iv. Sound quality (compared to standard instruments #2)g. Part 3: Sound of the ensemble (Judge 3)

i. Points for both songs must be based on harmony, blend, technique, timbre,suitability of tune for instruments, rhythm, interpretation of music, etc.

ii. Group Performance for the required songiii.Group Performance for the chosen song

h. Part 4: Knowledge (Judge 2)i. Theoretical basis of instruments; Includes participation of both team members.

i. Other scored items: Each of the following must receive the specified points.i. Teams that furnish music for the judges with team name and numberii. Teams that write their music in the correct clefs and corectly notatediii.Teams that play all music in the correct rangeiv. Teams that use only allowed materials in building and playing

j. Tiebreaker: lst, score on part 4:

k.

I.

knowledge ; 2nd,, range ofinstrumentsRequired Song: St. AnthonyChoraleCompetitors must transpose musicinto a suitable key to fit the assignedranges of their instruments.

Recommended Resources: A11 reference and training resources including the Sounds of Music DVD are

available on the Official Science Olympiad Store or Website athttp:llwww.soinc.org

@2012-c24

(25 points total max)5 points max5 points max12 points max3 points max(22 points total max)6 points max5 points max6 points max5 points max(25 points total max)

10 points max15 points max(30 points total max)30 points max(20 points total max)5 points max5 points max5 points max5 points max

TECHNICAL PROBLEM SOLVINGSctpNcoOLt-arPrAD


1. DESCRTPTION: Teams will gather and process data to solve problems.

A TEAM OF UP TO:2 EYE PROTECTION: #4 APPROXIMATE TIME: 50 minutes

2. EVENT PARAMETERS: Students may bring only non-programmable and non-graphing calculators.Where a station requires a more advanced calculator, probes or other lab equipment, the event supervisorwill provide them. The event supervisor will provide a list of mathematical relationship, formulas orconstants. No other resources are allowed. Students must bring and use chemical/splash protection goggleswhere required.

3. THE COMPETITION: The event will consist of up to three lab stations and use materials commonlyfound in a high school laboratory.

a. students will apply scientific theories and principles in the solution ofthe problems. Students will make measurements and determine specificvalues. Intermediate measurements and calculations may be required.

b. All data collected and equations used must be shown in an organizedmanner on the answer sheet.

c. Students must show their work using correct formulas. calculations andunits.

d. Supervisors are encouraged to use calculators and probes wherever possible or provide sfudents withdata sets collected by such sensors/probes following a data collection demonstration. At the State level,teams will be required to utilize probes at one or more stations. Students may be asked to collect data tosolve a problem using probeware that has been provided, set up, and demonstrated by the Supervisor. Atthe national level teams will be required to utilize probes at two or more stations. Only thefollowing probes and topics will be used at the regional, stateo and national levels: Colorimeter(absorption and its relationship to concentrations), Temperature (colligative properties of aqueoussolutions), CBR2 motion detector (motion and unbalanced forces).

4. SCORING: Teams will be ranked based on the highest total points as determined by the sum of the scoresof each individual station. In case of ties, one task will be designated as the tiebreaker prior to thecompetition. No points will be awarded for answers that are not supported by data and calculations. Pointswill be deducted for failure to clearly show work, inaccuracy of calculations, and failure to express values inthe proper units.

Recommended Resources: A11 reference and training resources including the Problem Solving/TechnologyCD are available on the Official Science Olympiad Store or Website at www.soinc.org

THIS EVENT IS SPONSORED BY TEXAS INSTRUMENTS

@2012-c25

THERMODYNAMICSScmNcnOLYlrPrAD


1. DESCRIPTION: Teams must construct an insulated device prior to the tournament that is designed toretain heat. Students must also complete a written test on thermodynamic concepts.

A TEAM OF UP TO: 2 EYE PROTECTION: #4 IMPOUND: Yes APPROX. TIME: 50 Minutes

EVENT PARAMETERS:a. Competitors must bring their insulating device, 2 identical 250 mL Pyrex beakers, eye protection, plots

and writing utensils and may bring any notes, parts/supplies, or type of calculators for use during any partof the competition. Notes of any kind must be 3-hole punched and secured in a 3-ring binder of any size,so that regardless of orientation nothing falls out.

b. Event supervisors must supply the hot water, devices for transferring measured volumes from the watersource to the team's beakers, and thermometers or probes (recommended).

c. Prior to the day of the competition, the team must calibrate their devices by preparing up to 4 plots (eitheron separate graphs or overlaid on the same graph) showing the relationship between elapsed cooling timeand ending water temperafure for various quantities of water and starting water temperatures. If handdrawn, they must be on graph paper. All plots must be properly labeled and marked to identify the team.i. Teams may be required to submit their plots prior to the tournament as requested by the supervisor.ii. Teams must have a duplicate set to use during competition, as those submitted may not be returned.iii. Students must be prepared to answer questions about the data collection and how the plots are used.iv. Example plots are available on the Thermodynamics Lab page on soinc.org

d. The team's device, parts and any supplies (beakers, tools, notes, plots, etc.) must be impounded beforethe event starts. Eye protection does not need to be impounded. Appeals by teams will not be processedafter they remove their device from the competition area unless the appeals committee has released it.

e. Competitors must wear splash rated eye protection during set up and while loading their devices withwater. They may remove it for Part 2 of the competition. Teams without proper eye protection must beimmediately informed and given a chance to obtain eye protection if time allows, otherwise they will notbe allowed to compete in Part 1.

CONSTRUCTION: The device must fit within a20.0 cm x 20.0 cm x 20.0 cm cube.a. The only materials permitted in the device are: wood, paper, cardboard, natural fibers, organic granular

material, aluminum foil and fastening materials (tape, glue, screws, bolts, nuts, nails, string, etc.).Fastening materials may only be utilized to secure the device components together, not to contribute tothe insulating properties of the device.

b. Examples of prohibited materials: any type of foam (plastic, metal, expandable glue, etc.), plastic (exceptfor as part of the fastening materials listed above), bubblewrap, glass, commercial insulation, etc.

c. Within the device, students must be able to easily insert and remove a250 mL standard, unaltered, emptyPyrex (or similar brand name) beaker that they supply (height -1.4 times the diameter).

d. The device must also easily accommodate the insertion and removal of a thermometer/probe into thebeaker via a hole at least 1.5 cm in diameter directly above the beaker. The top surface of the hole mustbe less than 5 cm above the top lip of the beaker. The hole must remain open during the competition.

e. Devices must be inspected to ensure that there are no energy sources (e.g., no electrical components,small battery powered heaters, chemical reactions, etc.) to help keep the water warrn. At the eventsupervisor's discretion, teams must disassemble their devices at the end of the testing period in order toverify the materials used in construction.

f. All parts of the device must not be significantly different from room temperature at impound.

THE COMPETITION:a. Part 1: Device Testing

i. After all devices are impounded, the event supervisors must announce the temperature of the sourcewater bath (60 to 90oC), the volume of water to be used (50 to 150 mL, tn 25 mL increments atRegional competitions, 10 mL at State competitions, 1 mL at the National competition) and theamount of cooling time allowed (20 to 40 mins). These variables must be the same for all teams.

2.

3.

4.

@20t2-c26

ScmncnOLYMPrADTHERMODYNAMICS (CONT.)Read the General Rules in the manuals and on www.soinc.org as they apply to every event.

The event supervisor must also announce the curent room temperature.Teams must have a max of 5 minutes to set up their devices at the start of the competition.Each team, in a staggered sequence, must have the set amount of water poured into their 2 beakers,one of which they must then insert into their device, the other must be placed on an open surface nextto the device. Teams may secure andlot close access panels with fastening materials after insertingthe beaker. Event supelisors must record the time each team receives their water.Teams may elect to add up to 100 mL of water from an ice bath to their beakers immediately afterreceiving the hot water for bonus points.Teams must use their plots to calculate the temperature of the water in their beaker at the end of thecooling time. They must provide the event supervisors with their estimate at the end of this period,prior to the supervisor measuring the acfual temperature.

vii. At the end of the cooling period, the event supervisor must record the temperature in each beaker tothe best precision of the available instrument. Supervisors may leave thermometers/probes in thedevices and the un-insulated beakers for the entire cooling period, but must announce if they will doso before impound. Otherwise they must first insert a thermometer/probe into the un-insulated beaker,wait at least 10 seconds, and record the resulting temperature. The event supervisor must then wipeany residual water off the thermometer/probe and repeat the same process with the beaker inside ofthe students' device. Multiple thermometersiprobes may be used at the supervisor's discretion.

b. Part 2: Written Testi. Students must take a test on thermodynamic concepts for the remaining time after all devices have

been loaded with water. All teams must have the same amount of time to take the test.ii. The test must be worth 50 pointsiii. Topics may include, but are not limited to: temperature conversions, definitions of heat units, thermal

conductivity,heat capacity, specific heat, the laws of thermodynamics, the history of thermodynamicsand thermodynamic processes.

5. SCQRI}fG: High score wins.a. All scoring calculations are to be done in degrees Celsius.b. Teams must be tiered as follows:

i. Tier 1: Teams with no violations of any of the rules above.ii. Tier 2: Teams with violations of any of the rules above.One of the submitted plots, selected by the event supervisor, must be scored as follows:i. Partial credit may be given. The max Plot Score possible is 10 points.ii. 2 points if labeled with school and student's names.iii. 2 points for appropriate title of plot and X and Y-axis labels.iv. 2 points for appropriate units and axis increments.v. 1 point for each data plot on a graph or graphs turned in (up to 4 total).The final score is the sum of five components (a scoring calculation spreadsheet is available at soinc.org):i. Test Score : max of 50 pointsii. Plot Score: max of 10 pointsiii. Heat Retention Score: ((intemal beaker water temp lexternal beaker water temp) - 1) x 50 pointsiv. Prediction Score: (1-(abs (final internal beaker water temp - predicted internal beaker water temp) /

final internal beaker water temp)) x 25 pointsv. Ice Water Bonus: (volume of ice water in ml/ 8) pointsScoring Example: A team gets 22 out of 25 questions on the test correct, submits 4 accwately labeledplots, predicts a final internal beaker temp of 35.0 degrees C, and adds 40 mL of ice water. The actualfinal internal beaker temp was 32.1 degrees C and the external beaker had a final temp of 27 .0 degrees C.

Test Score : (22 I 25) x 50 : 44; Heat Retention Score : ((32.1 I 27.0)-l) x 50 : 9.4;Plot Score: 10; Prediction Score : (1-(abs(32.1-35)132.1)) x 25 :22.7;Ice WaterBonus :4018:5 points; Total Score :44 + 10 +9.q +22.7 + 5:91.1.

Recommended Resources: All reference and training resources including the Chem/Phy Sci CD are availableon the Official Science Olympiad Store and Website athtp:llwww.soinc.org

@2012-c27

V.

vi.

d.

TOWERSScrrxcpOL\.I,IPTAD


t. DESCRIPTION: The objective of this event is to design and build the most efficient Tower meeting therequirements specified in these rules.A TEAM OF UP TO: 2 IMPOUND: NO EYE PROTECTION: #2 MAXIMUM TIME: 10 minutes

Z EVENT PARAMETERS:a. Each team is allowed to enter only one tower, built prior to the competition.b. Team members must wear eye protection during the set-up and testing of the tower. Teams without

proper eye protection must be immediately informed and given a chance to obtain eye protection iftime allows, otherwise they must not be allowed to compete and scored as a no-show.

c. The Event Supervisor must provide all assessment devices, testing apparatus, hardware, and clean, drysand or similar dry, free-flowing material (referred to subsequently as 'osand").

3. CONSTRUCTION PARAMETERS:a. The Tower must span a 20.0 cm x 20.0 cm opening on a Test Base (see 4.b.) and may be placed on the

Test Base surface in any configuration such that the loading chain is suspended within 2.5 cm of thecenter of the opening in the Test Base.

b. The Tower must not be braced against any edge of the Test Base for lateral support at any time. Noportion of the Tower is allowed to extend below the top surface of the Test Base prior to testing.

c. The Tower must support a Loading Block (see 4.a.) a minimum of 40.0 cm above the Test Base. Towerheights between 40.0 cm and 70.0 cm are scored as described under Scoring (See 6.b and 6.c). Thereis no maximum Tower height.

d. The portion of the Tower more than 30.0 cm above the Test Base for Division B, or more than 15.0 cmabove the Test Base for Division C, must fit through an 8.0 cm diameter circular opening or hole.

e. The loading point on the Tower must be constructed to permit placement of a chain and Loading Blockon and through the Tower (see 4.c.), to support the bucket (see 4.d.).

f. The tower must be constructed such that only the loading block supports the chain and bucket.g. The Tower must be a single structure, with no separate or detachable pieces.h. The Tower must be constructed of wood and bonded by glue. No other materials are permitted (e.g. no

particleboard, wood composites, bamboo, paper, or commercially laminated wood).i. There are no limits on the cross section sizes of individual pieces of wood. Wood may be laminated

without restriction by the team.j. Any type of commercially available bonding material (glue) may be used. Adhesive putty is not

permitted.+. TESTING APPARATUS:

a. The Loading Block must be a square block measuring 5.0 cm x 5.0 cm x approximately 2.0 cm with ahole in the center of the square faces for a ll4" or 5116" threaded eyebolt.

b. The Test Base must be a solid, level surface as follows:i. The Test Base must be at least 32.0 cm long x 32.0 cm wide.ii. The Test Base must have a20.0 cm x 20.0 cm square opening at its center.iii. The Test Base must have a smooth, hard, low-friction surface (e.g. metal, high-pressure plastic

laminate (Formica), Melamine, etc.) and must not bend noticeably when loaded.c. A chain and ll4o' or 5116" threaded eyebolt must be suspended from the Loading Block through

the Tower. Clearance within the Tower must accommodate these dimensions for the testingapparatus:i. The end of the eyebolt must be at least 5.0 cm and no more than 12.0 cm below the loading

block.ii. The head of the eyebolt and the chain must fit through a 3.0 cm diameter hole.

d. An ordinary five-gallon plastic bucket must be suspended from the chain by means of one or more S-

hooks, with enough clearance above the floor to allow for Tower deflection.e. The Event Supervisor must provide sand for loading the Towers, and must veri8r that the combined mass

of the Loading Block, chain, bucket, sand, and attaching hardware is at least 15.000 kg and no more than15.200 kg prior to testing.

@2012-c28

TOWERS (CONT.)ScInNcsOLYNTPTAD


f. At the event supervisor's discretion, more than one testing apparatus may be used to ensure allteams can compete in a timely manner.

s. COMPETITION:a. No alterations, substitutions, or repairs may be made to the Tower after check-in for competition. Once

teams enter the event area to compete, they must not leave or receive outside assistance, materials, orcommunication until they are finished competing.

b. All Towers must be assessed prior to testing for compliance with construction parameters.c. The Event Supervisor must measure the Tower height in cm to the nearest 0.1 cm.d. Team members must place their Towers on the scale for the Event Supervisor to determine the Tower

mass, in grams to the nearest 0.01 g.

e. Team members must place the Tower on the Test Base and assemble the Loading Block, eyebolt andchain, and hang the bucket from the chain, as required to load the Tower. Team members maydisassemble the block and eyebolt if necessary.

f. Team members must be allowed to adjust the Tower until they start loading sand. Once loading of sand

has begun, the Tower must not be further adjusted.g. The Event Supervisor must allow team members to safely and effectively stabilize the bucket from

movement caused by loading of the sand.h. Team members must have a maximum of ten minutes to set up and test their Towers either to the

maximum load or failure.i. Towers that fail before supporting 15.000 kg must be scored according to the actual weight supported at

time of failure (see 6.a.), measured to the nearest gram or best precision available. Loading must stopimmediately when a failure occurs. The Event Supervisor may remove any sand added after failure,

1. Failure is defined as: the inability of the Tower to carry any additional load, any part of the load issupported by anything other than the Tower, or deflection such that any portion of the Tower gainslateral support from any edge of the Test Base.

k. Pending no arbitrations, teams may take their Towers with them after testing. If a Tower is removed therecan be no further challenges for scoring or ranking.

O. SCORING:a. The load scored must not exceed 15.000 Kg, and includes the mass of all testing apparatus supported by

the Tower. The least amount of load to be scored must be the mass of the Loading Block.b. Tower heights greater than 70.0 cm must be scored as 70.0 cm.c. Towers must be scored and ranked within each tier by the following equations:

i. Score for Regional Tournaments : (Load supported/Nlass of Tower)*(Height of Tower-S)ii. Score for State Tournaments : (Load supported/Mass of Tower)*(Height of Tower-l5)iii. Score for National Tournament : (Load supported/Mass of Tower)*(Height of Tower-25)

d. Tiers:i. Tier 1: Towers meeting all the Construction Parameters are ranked by highest score.ii. Tier 2: Towers not meeting one or more Construction Parameters are ranked by highest score.iii. Tier 3: Towers not meeting one or more Competition Parameters are ranked by highest score.iv. Tier 4: Towers unable to be loaded for any reason (e.g. cannot accommodate loading block, chain, etc.,

or failure to wear eye protection) are ranked by lowest mass.Ties: are broken by this sequence: 1. Lowest Tower mass, 2. Tallest Tower HeightExample score calculations:i. Tower 1: mass : 15.12 g, height : 40.3 cm, load supported : 12.134 Kg

Regional Score:28.329 Stute Score = 20,304 National Score = 12.278ii. Tower 2: mass :12.32 g, height = 56.0 cm,load supported: 13.213 Kg

Regionul Score: 54.697 State Score: 43.972 Nationsl Score = 33.247iii. Tower 3: mass : 10.62 g, height : 64.2 cm, load supported : 13.971Kg

Regional Score: 77.880 State Score: 64.724 Nutional Score = 51.569

Recommended Resources: All reference and training resources including the Towers DVI)are available on the Official Science Olympiad Store or Website at http://www.soinc.org

f.

@2012-c29

WATER QUALITYScTpNcpOLYMPTAD

1. DESCRIPTION: The

4. SCORING:Ties will be

2.

J.

A TEAM OF UP TO: 2 EYE PROTECTION: #4 APPROXIMATE TIME: 50 Minutes

EVENT PARAMETERS: Each team may bring only one 8.5" x 11" two-sided page of notes that containinformation in any form from any source and up to 2 non-programmable, non-graphing calculators. Eachparticipant must bring 287 chemical splash goggles.

THE COMPETITION: This event will be composed of three sections of approximately equal point value.This may include analysis, interpretation or use of charts, graphs and sample data. Supervisors are expectedto utilize freshwater "lakes, ponds, or rivers" scenarios and have students analyze and evaluate comparativemacroinvertebrates, and water quality data. In subsequent years this event will cover estuarine and oceanecology. Process skills may include equipment use, collecting and interpreting data, measuring, calculating,classifzing, and making inferences.

a. This section will use multiple choice, matching, fi11-in-the-blank andlor short answers in areas such as:

aquatic ecology, the water cycle, nutrient cycling, aquatic chemistry (and its implications for life),potable water treatment, waste water treatment, aquatic food chains and webs, community interactions,population dynamics, watershed resource management issues, sedimentation pollution and harmfulspecies.

b. Macro-flora and fauna Section will include the identification (common name only) of immature andadult macroinvertebrates & aquatic nuisance organisms, their importance as indicators of water &wetland quality. In addition Division C will also be expected to know the general ecology, life cycles,and feedins habits of alllisted orsanisms.

Aquatic Nuisance Plants: Purple Loosestrife, Eurasian Water Milfoil and Water Hyacinth.Aquatic Nuisance Animals: Zebra Mussel, Spiny Water Flea, Asian Tiger Mosquito and Carp

c. Water Monitoring and Analysis Section - Students are expected to understand and interpret data relatedto testing procedures and purposes for collecting data related to salinity, pH, phosphates, turbiditydissolved oxygen, temperature, nitrates, fecal coliform, alkalinity, total solids and biochemical oxygendemand and their relationship to one another. Actual testing will be limited to salinity. Teams mustbuild, calibrate, bring and demonstrate a salinometer,/hydrometer capable of measuring saltwaterconcentrations betwee n I - I0o/o.


event will focus on evaluating aquatic environments.

Questions will be assigned point values. Students will be ranked from highest to lowest score.broken by pre-determined tiebreaker questions.

Recommended Resources: All reference and training resources including the Water Quality & Bio/EarthCDs are available on the Official Science Olympiad Store or Website at http://www.soinc.org.

Class l-pollution sensitive Class 2-moderately sen. Class 3-moderately tolerant Class 4-pollution tolerant Class 5 Air Breathing

Mavflv Aouatic Sowbus Water Mite Air Breathine Snail Whirlieis BeetleCaddisfly Damselfly Midee Deer/Horse Fly Water Strider

Stonefly Drasonflv Blackfly Tubifex MosquitoDobsonflv Scuds Flatworm Blood Midee Giant Water BueGilled Snails Crane Fly Leeches Back SwimmerWater Pennv Water BoatmanRiffle Beetle Predacious Divine BeetleWater Scomior

@20t2-c30

WRITE IT/DO ITScTnNcnOLYMPTAD


t. DESCRIPTION: One student will write a description of an object and how to build it, and then the other

student will attempt to construct the object from this description.

A TEAM,O.F: 2

2, THE COMPETITION:

APPROXIMATE TIME: 55 Minutes

a. A student is shown an object (which may be abstract and is the same for all teams) built from, but not

limited to, such items as science materials, inexpensive materials (e.g., straws, push pins, Styrofoamballs, paper cups, Popsicle sticks, etc.) or commercial sets (e.g., Googoplex, K'nex, Tinker Toys, Lego,

Lincoln Logs, etc.).

b. The student has twenty-five (25) minutes to write a description of the

object and how to build it. There will be no advantage to finishingearly. Only numerals, words and single letters may be used. Symbols,

drawings and diagrams are not allowed, with the exception ofcommon punctuation and editing symbols. Printable punctuationmarks/editing symbols that can be produced on a PC standard 101 keykeyboard by pressing a single key or a single key in combination withthe shift key may be used. These must be used in their normal contextand not as symbols to form a key/code. Al1 abbreviations (not

symbols) must be defined either at the beginning or when the

abbreviation is first used. No prepared abbreviations on labels will be

oennitted.

c. The supervisor of the event will pass the description to the remaining team member who will take the

description and attempt to recreate (build) the original object in twenty (20) minutes.

d. Supervisors will attempt to use different materials than the materials that were used last year.

3. SCORING:

a. The team that builds the object nearest to the original and has properly written instructions is declared

the winner.

b. Points will be given for each piece of material placed in the proper connection and location compared to

the model.

c. Pieces that are connected correctly beyond the incorect connection will be counted in the score. Nopenalty will be assessed for parts that were not used.

d. Scoring Violations: Use of diagrams or drawings will result in disqualification. A one percent (1%)

penalty will be assessed for each minor infraction (e.g., unlabeled abbreviations or improper use ofediting symbols or codes). Scoring Example: If a team has seven infractions and the total possible score

is 50, then the team score would be 46.5: 50-[7(50x.01)].

e. Time for the construction phase will be used as a tiebreaker.

Recommended Resources: All reference and training resources including the Problem Solving/TechnologyCD are available on the Official Science Olympiad Store or Website at www.soinc.org

National Science Education Standard: Content Standard G: Science as a human endeavor ooSome scientists

work in teams and some work alone, but all communicate extensively with others." Please see the Website at

http://www.soinc.org for references to all other event content standards from the National Science EducationStandards.

@2012-c3r

GENERALRULESScTpNcpOLYMPTAD


GENERAL RULES, CODE OF ETHICS AND SPIRIT OF THE PROBLEMStudents, coaches, event supervisors, parents, and guests are expected to follow current Science Olympiad Rules.The goal of competition is to give one's best efforl while displaying honesty, integrity, and sportsmanship, and notviolate the spirit of the problem. All are expected to display couftesy and respect toward one another. Failure toshow honesty or courtesy by a participant, coach, or guest of the team may result in penalty points being assessed ordisqualification of the team from the event, the entire tournament or future tournaments. Our collective example willpromote the spirit of cooperation among all participants. Therefore:

1. Teams may not interpret the rules so that they have an unfair advantage over the rules or another team.2. Unless otherwise stated, it is generally understood that if writing utensils, notes, resources, calculators,

actions, etc., are not excluded, then they are permitted unless they violate the spirit of the problem.3. All non-permitted electronic devices must be turned off and if so directed, left in a designated spot.4. Once teams have entered the event area to compete, they must not: leave until they are finished, retunt once

they have left, communicate with outside resources, including people, places, etc. by any means (thiseffectively excludes the use of any computer, PDA, calculators, wireless devices, phones, etc. that have access

to external communication or data retrieval during an event unless specifically permitted).5. Safety is of the utmost importance. Event superuisors are obligated to prevent unsafe acts and devices. Safety

decisions are not subject to appeal. Students should not risk being penalized for safety violations such as

activating devices or removing goggles without supervisor permission. Contestants must not bring harmfulitems to a tournament. Teams may only bring items that are specified in the rules.

6. Coaches, teachers, parents, students, and other adults are responsible for ensuring that any applicable laws,regulations, and school policies are not broken.

7 . One or more of the 15 current team members must have constructed all pre-built devices presented for judging.Any of the curent team members may demonstrate or operate the device at the competition unless stated

otherwise in the rrrles.8. Any person designated by the coach can impound devices unless stated otherwise in the rules.9. Dependinguponthelevelofaninfraction,atthesupervisor'sortournamentofficial'sdiscretion,astudentor

team may be penalized, removed from the event at that point, or disqualified.

Tentative Division C Schedule 2012 Sc.ience Olympiad Nationll Tournament at the Uniyersity of Central FloridaEvent lmpound 7:00 to 8:15 to ' 9:30 to 10:45 to 12:00 to 1:15 to 2:30 to

? 8:00 am 9:15 am 10:30 am 11:45 am i 1:00 pm 2:15 pm 3:30 pm

Anatomy and Physiology

Chemistry Lab

01-10 7t-20 2t-30 31-40,41-50j51-607t-20 2t-30 31-40Astronomy 41-50 51-60 01-10 .

Disease D-91q9tives

Dyna.11ic Ptan.et .

Ep91ime=n!aI D,esign

Fermi QuestionsForelsic_s. _ .

Forestry

Gravity Vehicle

HelicopterMicrobe Mission

Optics

Protein Modeling

Remote Sensing

Robot Arm

Rocks and Minerals

Sounds of Music

Technical. Problem Solving

ThermodynamicsTower BuildingWater QualityWrite lt Do lt

: 5.1-50

All Teams

01-10 LL-20

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Trial events and times will be announced online at UCF 201'2 website

a20n-c32

science olympiat) division c manual · science olympiat) optics .....16 protein modeling .....18...

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