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Slide 2 Science [kxu] of the mind Xiang fa and behavior [xngwi]. Slide 3 There are two kinds of psychology: Clinical psychology [ln chung xn l xu] Helping [bngzh] people be happy and healthy directly - face to face [jinmin). Helps people with problems. Experimental psychology [shynxnl xu] Doing research in psychology Slide 4 A person that does psychology Is called a psychologist. DIALOG Q: What is your job? A: Im a psychologist. Q: What kind of psychologist are you? A: Im a clinical psychologist. Slide 5 Discussion Which do you think is more interesting? Clinical psychology ln chung xn l xu OR Experimental psychology shynxnl xu ] ? I think ________________ is more interesting. I think both are equally interesting. I think both are boring. Slide 6 Sigmund Freud was the founder [chungsh rn] of the modern science of psychology. He believed that people are primarily [zh yode] motivated shqgozh ngde by unconscious qinysh forces. ( Clinical psychology ) Slide 7 He thought that people Are motivated shqgozh ngde mainly by sex xngjio and aggression bdu. ( Clinical psychology ) Slide 8 More modern xindi psychologists believe people are also motivated by things like: Love Transcendence [cho rn cn zi] Hope xwng Greed [tnxn], fear , envy Slide 9 Slide 10 What motivates you? Sex? Aggression? bdu ; Money? Love? Transcendence? [cho rn cn zi] Hope? xwng Fear? ____________________? Slide 11 Freud also believed in something called the Ego zzn which are your feelings about yourself. If you have a big ego, you think youre so great. If you have a small ego, you think youre not good, stupid bn de, ugly ch ulu, worthless howjizhde. ( Clinical psychology ) Slide 12 He also believed in Ego Defenses ) Denial : Rationalization Projection Passive aggression Dissociation Regression Withdrawal Slide 13 Freuds Personality theory Freud believed we all have three personalities in us: Id = Creative, selfish , childish bn w Ego = Conscious mind qngx ng & zzn Superego = responsible, a parent-like self Slide 14 I am _______% childish yuzh de _______% adult chngninrn ________% responsible like a parent fm Slide 15 Freudian psychology is called Psychoanalysis In psychoanalysis the therapist [zhliozhunji] helps the client [hunzh] explore their dreams and early childhood traumas. [tng nin q chung shng Slide 16 Another branch of psychology is Called: Transactional Analysis or T.A. [xing h zu yng fn x] They believe: Im OK and Youre OK! And everyone deserves respect [znzhng]. Slide 17 T.A. Parent: Controlling [kngzh] and authoritarian, can be good or bad Adult : Realistic [xin sh de] balanced Child: helpless, rebellious , self- pity [zlin] Slide 18 T.A. Part of being happy and healthy in T.A. is letting go of [sngki] childhood games like helpless, , rebellious , self-pity [zlin], and becoming responsible kko de. ( Clinical psychology ) Slide 19 T.A. Another part of T.A. is that you choose [tioxu n] your own story. You dont have to [bng] re-play [chngxnb si] old games, but can make your own destiny . Slide 20 Another branch of psychology Humanistic Psychology is the 2 nd major branch of psychology. It started mainly with Carl Rogers who believed 1. people are basically healthy and need to develop their 2. full potential and have a 3. self actualization need. [ z w sh xin x yo] The love psychologist ( Clinical psychology ) Slide 21 What percent of your potential are you using? I use ____ % of my potential. at work in my social life I use _____% of my physical potential. I use _____% of my intellectual potential. Why dont you use a larger part of your potential? Slide 22 Another Humanist Psychologist Was Abraham Maslow. Pyramid of needs Slide 23 The 3 rd major branch of psychology Is called behaviorism. xngwizh y Behaviorists dont believe in an unconscious (like Freud), or in a need to develop full-potential (like Rogers and Maslow). Behaviorists only believe in learning. We are what we learn. Thats all. Nothing more. ( Clinical psychology ) Slide 24 Behaviorists also dont believe In free will z yu y zh ln Behaviorism is the most scientific psychology. There are 3 keys to learning: Positive Reinforcement [yng xng qing hu] Negative reinforcement [f xng qing hu] Punishment chngf Slide 25 Slide 26 Schools use reinforcements For example, if students do well on tests, they get good scores, and go up to higher grades. Slide 27 Life uses reinforcement Be good get rewarded Be bad get punished. Slide 28 Discussion What do you believe? 1. Freudian psychology ( People are motivated by unconscious forces unconscious qinysh forces. 1. 2. Humanistic psychology People have a pyramid of needs to fulfill potential. 2. 3. Behavioral psychology: Learning, i.e. rewards and 3. punishments control behavior ( Clinical psychology ) Slide 29 Experimental psychology is about researching anything (!) that people do or might do, anything they think, or feel! Why are some people kind y uh o, and others cruel [ ? What are some people highly motivated and others not? What makes people buy one thing and not another? (marketing xioshu ) * What makes one person attractive wn rn m but not another? Slide 30 Example: Are you a flirt? [tioqng] Do you make long eye-contact [y n jng ji ch] ? Smile wixio at strangers [mshngrn] ? Get closer than normal to other people? Talk with strangers ? If the answer to all four is Yes you are a flirt! DO you flirt when your boyfriend or girlfriend is there with you? a. All the time! b. Sometimes, if weve been arguing. c. Never http://www.betterlovetests.com/quiz-flirting.html Slide 31 Experimental psychologists Study ANYTHING, and EVERYTHING! For more information see +Psychology Today magazine http://www.psychologytoday.com/magazine Slide 32 Psychopathology [fngrn] = Mental illness * Depression: yyzhng The problem roots in her depression. * Bipolar disorder: Slide 33 Psychopathology = Mental illness 2 Neurosis: Her behavior points to a severe neurosis. Psychosis: Poor insight increases relapse and re-admission to hospital in people with non-affective psychosis. Slide 34 Slide 35 Psychopathology 3 Attention Deficit Disorder ADD Split personality [rn g fn li] Sociopath: [f n sh hu zh] Slide 36 Psychopathology quiz A client tells you he or she has been very, very sad for a long, long time. Answer: (Depression) Slide 37 Psychopathology Quiz Sometimes hes so extremely happy, then extremely sad. He has wild mood swings. Answer: Bipolar illness Slide 38 What is this? Slide 39 Whats this? Thinks people are always watching or wants to hurt him or her, but its not real. Paranoid Slide 40 Psychotic Neurotic Slide 41 Addiction [yn] Slide 42 PMS (not mental illness!) Up to 40 per cent of women have premenstrual syndrome (PMS), including mood swings, bloating, food cravings and pain. Slide 43 PMS Slide 44 Some of my favorite books about psychology In and out of the garbage pail by Fredrick S. Perls The further reaches of human nature by A. Maslow Beyond freedom and dignity, by B.F. Skinner Im OK, youre OK by Thomas Harris The basic writings of Sigmund Freud by S. Freud The interpretation of Dreams by Sigmund Freud Memories, Dreams, Reflections by Carl Jung Slide 45 This is just the ABCs of Psychology I hope you found it interesting!