science hs staar review for biology
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Science HS STAAR Review for biology. Reporting category #5- Interdependence within Environmental systems. SE 11- biological systems work to achieve & maintain balance. How organisms respond to external factors. Abiotic factors= non-living. Biotic factors= living. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
SCIENCE HS STAAR REVIEW FOR BIOLOGY
REPORTING CATEGORY #5- INTERDEPENDENCE
WITHIN ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS
SE 11- BIOLOGICAL SYSTEMS WORK TO
ACHIEVE & MAINTAIN BALANCE
HOW ORGANISMS RESPOND TO EXTERNAL FACTORS
Abiotic factors= non-living Biotic factors= living
HOW POPULATIONS RESPOND TO EXTERNAL FACTORS
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HOW COMMUNITIES RESPOND TO EXTERNAL FACTORS
SAMPLE QUESTION:Question #1:Besides temperature, what other abiotic factor greatly affects the amount of dissolved oxygen in a body of water?
A. growth rate of populationsB. size of soil particlesC. length of light periodD. number of fish species
Question #2:Why is it important for organisms to respond to external environmental factors?
A. to maintain homeostasisB. to increase tolerance of environmental
extremesC. to adapt to their environmentD. to accelerate the process of natural
selection
MICROORGANISMS MAINTAIN HEALTH
MICROORGANISMS DISRUPT HEALTH
Bacteria
Fungi
MICROORGANISMS MAINTAIN & DISRUPT ECOSYSTEMS
Plankton- ocean food
chain
Algal bloom
MICROORGANISMS MAINTAIN & DISRUPT ECOSYSTEMS
Remember- viruses are not living!
SAMPLE QUESTION:Question #1:Bacteria decompose dead matter by:
A. carrying out photosynthesis.B. going through binary fission.C. using plant & animal material as food.D. reproducing rapidly.
Question #2:How can viruses be treated medically to reduce their numbers & prevent them from spreading?
A. Use antibiotics to kill them & use vaccines to prevent them from spreading.
B. Use vaccines to kill them & use antibiotics to prevent them from spreading.
C. Prevent them from spreading using vaccines, but do not treat them with antibiotics.
D. Prevent them from spreading using antibiotics, but do not treat them with vaccines.
PRIMARY SUCCESSION
SECONDARY SUCCESSION
SAMPLE QUESTION:Question #1:A volcanic eruption devastates an area directly southeast of a volcano. Which of the following organisms would be the first to grow in this area?
A. a shrubby bushB. a hardwood treeC. a climbing vineD. a lichen
Question #2:What term refers to the final stage of a forest’s development?
A. pioneer speciesB. secondary forestC. climax communityD. conifer forest
SE 12- INTERDEPENDENCE & INTERACTIONS OCCUR
WITHIN AN ENVIRONMENTAL
SYSTEM
COMPETITION FOR BIOTIC & ABIOTIC FACTORS
PREDATION
PARASITISM
+ / -
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COMMENSALISM
+ / Neutral
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MUTUALISM
+ / +
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SAMPLE QUESTION:Question #1:When two organisms in a mutualistic relationship are physically separated, which of the following will most likely occur?
A. both organisms will become parasitesB. one organism will consume the other
organismC. one organism will benefit, but the
other will dieD. both organisms’ chances of survival
will be reduced
SAMPLE QUESTION:Question #2:The roots of a mistletoe plant absorb nutrients from living oak trees causing some damage to the tissues of the trees. This is an example of:
A. mutualism.B. commensalism.C. parasitism.D. saprophytism.
ORGANISMS ADAPT TO THEIR ECOSYSTEM
Arctic fox- winter & summerSugar glider-
jungle
Fennec fox- desert
Mountain goat
Star-nosed mole-
underground
VARIATION / ADAPTATION WITHIN A SPECIES THAT ENHANCES SURVIVAL
Polar bear Cactus
Giant water lilyMushroom
SAMPLE QUESTION:Question #1:Why are there more plant & animal species in tropical rainforests than in deserts?
A. because there is more available water in tropical rainforests
B. because there is too much sand in desertsC. because there is more carbon dioxide in desert
atmospheresD. because there is more sunlight in tropical
rainforestsQuestion #2:A lichen results from an interaction between two organisms, a fungus & an alga. The alga supplies food, while the fungus traps water & keeps the alga moist. This is an example of which of the following?
A. commensalismB. mutualismC. parasitismD. predation
AUTOTROPHIC= SELF + NOURISHING
Makes own food!
PRODUCER
HETEROTROPH= DIFFERENT OR OTHER + NOURISHING
Does not make its own food!
CONSUMER
FOOD CHAIN
FOOD CHAIN
Indicates the
Direction energyflows
FOOD WEB
TROPHIC LEVEL
TROPHIC LEVEL
10%
TROPHIC LEVEL
90%
10% Rule
SAMPLE QUESTION:Question #1:If an ecosystem contains 100 units of energy at the producer trophic level, then it will most likely contain about how many units of energy at the secondary consumer level?
A. 1B. 10C. 100D. 1,000
SAMPLE QUESTION:
Question #2:Study the above illustration of a food web. What would happen if coyotes were removed from the ecosystem?
A. The population of hawks & snakes would decrease.
B. The population of grasses & shrubs would greatly increase.
C. The rabbit & rat population would greatly decrease.
D. The rabbit & rat population would increase.
SPECIES SURVIVAL & LIMITED RESOURCES
Nile crocodile vs. wildebeest
Humpback whales bubble-
net feed on herring
Cheetah vs. gazelle
Great white shark vs. seal
SAMPLE QUESTION:Question #1:
The desert tortoise feeds on prickly pear cactus & other desert plants.
Which of these best describes the desert tortoise in this desert community food web?
A. the desert tortoise is a herbivoreB. the desert tortoise is a producerC. the desert tortoise is a predatorD. the desert tortoise is a carnivore
CYCLING OF MATTER IN AN ECOSYSTEM
Carbon
Nitrogen
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SAMPLE QUESTION:Question #1:Some marine organisms participate in the carbon cycle by using dissolved carbon dioxide in photosynthesis. This process is accompanied by which energy change?
A. solar energy being destroyedB. solar energy being transformed into
matterC. solar energy being split into its
component partsD. solar energy being transformed into
chemical energy
SAMPLE QUESTION:Question #2:All of the organisms in a typical ecosystem are interdependent, helping to maintain the equilibrium of the ecosystem & sustaining each other. Which of the following processes can bacteria perform that is not possible for the other members of a typical ecosystem?
A. converting radiant energy into chemical energy
B. conserving waterC. using nitrogen from the atmosphereD. decomposing the remains of dead
organisms
ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE CAN IMPACT ECOSYSTEM STABILITY
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SAMPLE QUESTION:Question #1:
A person living near this pond wants to reduce the mosquito population. The mosquito population in this ecosystem could be reduced by:
A. planting more duckweed.B. catching more minnows.C. removing some martin houses.D. adding more shelter for frogs.
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