Science & Culture PoliticsEngland France Latin America Extra SCIENCE AND CULTURE 100 Who developed the heliocentric theory? SCIENCE AND CULTURE 100 Who developed the heliocentric theory? Nicolaus Copernicus SCIENCE AND CULTURE BONUS 50 Who improved the telescope to support the heliocentric theory? SCIENCE AND CULTURE BONUS 50 Who improved the telescope to support the heliocentric theory? Galileo Galilei SCIENCE AND CULTURE 200 Who discovered planetary motion? SCIENCE AND CULTURE 200 Who discovered planetary motion? Johannes Kepler SCIENCE AND CULTURE BONUS 100 Who formulated the law of gravity? SCIENCE AND CULTURE BONUS 100 Who formulated the law of gravity? Isaac Newton SCIENCE AND CULTURE 300 Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart is to classical music as Johann Sebastian Bach is to? SCIENCE AND CULTURE 300 Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart is to classical music as Johann Sebastian Bach is to? Baroque Music SCIENCE AND CULTURE BONUS 150 What method was formulated during the Scientific Revolution? SCIENCE AND CULTURE BONUS 150 What method was formulated during the Scientific Revolution? Scientific Method SCIENCE AND CULTURE 400 Who wrote one of the first modern novels? SCIENCE AND CULTURE 400 Who wrote one of the first modern novels? Miguel de Cervantes SCIENCE AND CULTURE BONUS 200 What did he write? SCIENCE AND CULTURE BONUS 200 What did he write? Don Quixote SCIENCE AND CULTURE 500 What was the main focus of Romantic art during the Age of Reason (4)? SCIENCE AND CULTURE 500 What was the main focus of Romantic art during the Age of Reason (4)? Classical subjects Public events Natural scenes Living people SCIENCE AND CULTURE BONUS 250 What did the Scientific Revolution emphasize (2)? SCIENCE AND CULTURE BONUS 250 What did the Scientific Revolution emphasize (2)? Reason and systematic observation of nature POLITICS 100 What is the name of the era that applied reason to the human world, as well as to the rest of the natural world?? POLITICS 100 What is the name of the era that applied reason to the human world, as well as to the rest of the natural world? The Enlightenment POLITICS BONUS 50 Who wrote Leviathan? POLITICS BONUS 50 Who wrote Leviathan? Thomas Hobbes POLITICS 200 Who believed the best form of government includes a separation of powers? POLITICS 200 Who believed the best form of government includes a separation of powers? Montesquieu POLITICS BONUS 100 Who believed people are sovereign and consent to government for protection of natural rights to life, liberty, and property? POLITICS BONUS 100 Who believed people are sovereign and consent to government for protection of natural rights to life, liberty, and property? John Locke POLITICS 300 Who wrote The Social Contract? POLITICS 300 Who wrote The Social Contract? Jean-Jacques Rousseau POLITICS BONUS 150 Who wrote Two Treatises on Government? POLITICS BONUS 150 Who wrote Two Treatises on Government? John Locke POLITICS 400 Who believed religious toleration should triumph over religious fanaticism? POLITICS 400 Who believed religious toleration should triumph over religious fanaticism? Voltaire POLITICS BONUS 200 Who believed humans exist in a primitive state of nature and consent to government for self-protection? POLITICS BONUS 200 Who believed humans exist in a primitive state of nature and consent to government for self-protection? Thomas Hobbes POLITICS 500 What are two characteristics of absolute monarchies? POLITICS 500 What are two characteristics of absolute monarchies? Centralization of power Concept of rule by divine right POLITICS BONUS 250 Who westernized Russia? POLITICS BONUS 250 Who westernized Russia? Peter the Great ENGLAND 100 Which leader of the Roundheads was responsible for the execution of Charles I? ENGLAND 100 Which leader of the Roundheads was responsible for the execution of Charles I? Oliver Cromwell ENGLAND BONUS 50 Which merry monarch was restored after the failure of the British Commonwealth? ENGLAND BONUS 50 Which merry monarch was restored after the failure of the British Commonwealth? Charles II ENGLAND 200 Political democracy rests on which principle? ENGLAND 200 Political democracy rests on which principle? Power derived from consent of the governed ENGLAND BONUS 100 The Glorious Revolution brought to the British throne which monarch(s)? ENGLAND BONUS 100 The Glorious Revolution brought to the British throne which monarch(s)? William and Mary ENGLAND 300 A difference in political ideology developed which groups? ENGLAND 300 A difference in political ideology developed which groups? Political parties/factions ENGLAND BONUS 150 Under which monarch was the Petition of Rights signed? ENGLAND BONUS 150 Under which monarch was the Petition of Rights signed? Charles I ENGLAND 400 As a result of the Glorious Revolution, which power increased? ENGLAND 400 As a result of the Glorious Revolution, which power increased? Parliamentary Power ENGLAND BONUS 200 As a result of the Glorious Revolution, which power decreased? ENGLAND BONUS 200 As a result of the Glorious Revolution, which power decreased? Royal Power ENGLAND 500 In order to rule, William and Mary had to sign which document? ENGLAND 500 In order to rule, William and Mary had to sign which document? English Bill of Rights ENGLAND BONUS 250 Which early British document was the first to guarantee jury trial and common law? ENGLAND BONUS 250 Which early British document was the first to guarantee jury trial and common law? Magna Carta FRANCE 100 Which French monarch built the Palace at Versailles? FRANCE 100 Which French monarch built the Palace at Versailles? Louis XIV FRANCE BONUS 50 The French Revolution ended the reign of which absolute monarch? FRANCE BONUS 50 The French Revolution ended the reign of which absolute monarch? Louis XVI FRANCE 200 Which architectural structure was the epitome of absolutism? FRANCE 200 Which architectural structure was the epitome of absolutism? Palace at Versailles FRANCE BONUS 100 Which event was the official start of the French Revolution? FRANCE BONUS 100 Which event was the official start of the French Revolution? Storming of the Bastille FRANCE 300 Which era began with the execution of Louis XVI and ended with the execution of Robespierre? FRANCE 300 Which era began with the execution of Louis XVI and ended with the execution of Robespierre? The Reign of Terror FRANCE BONUS 150 Which oath taken by the Third Estate promised to fight for equal rights? FRANCE BONUS 150 Which oath taken by the Third Estate promised to fight for equal rights? Tennis Court Oath FRANCE 400 Who emerged from the French Revolution as a powerful figure? FRANCE 400 Who emerged from the French Revolution as a powerful figure? Napoleon Bonaparte FRANCE BONUS 200 Which document influenced by the Enlightenment was written by the Third Estate? FRANCE BONUS 200 Which document influenced by the Enlightenment was written by the Third Estate? Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen FRANCE 500 What were the two causes of the French Revolution? FRANCE 500 What were the two causes of the French Revolution? The Enlightenment The American Revolution FRANCE BONUS 250 Who lost her head just a few months after her husband lost his head? FRANCE BONUS 250 Who lost her head just a few months after her husband lost his head? Marie Antoinette LATIN AMERICA 100 Which countrys conquest of Latin America saw the rapid decline of the native population? LATIN AMERICA 100 Which countrys conquest of Latin America saw the rapid decline of the native population? Spain LATIN AMERICA BONUS 50 List the five levels of the Latin American class structure, in order. LATIN AMERICA BONUS 50 List the five levels of the Latin American class structure, in order. Viceroys Peninsulares Creoles Mulattos and Mestizos African American and Native American (slaves) LATIN AMERICA 200 List the five major cities established as outposts of colonial authority. LATIN AMERICA 200 List the five major cities established as outposts of colonial authority. Havana Mexico City Lima Sao Paulo Buenos Aires LATIN AMERICA BONUS 100 What was a major element of the economy of the colonies in Latin America? LATIN AMERICA BONUS 100 What was a major element of the economy of the colonies in Latin America? Mining of precious metals LATIN AMERICA 300 Who was responsible for the independence of Haiti and the abolition of slavery? LATIN AMERICA 300 Who was responsible for the independence of Haiti and the abolition of slavery? Toussaint LOuverture LATIN AMERICA BONUS 150 Which three foreign powers did Toussaint LOuverture defeat? LATIN AMERICA BONUS 150 Which three foreign powers did Toussaint LOuverture defeat? Spain France Britain LATIN AMERICA 400 Who fought for the independence of Mexico? LATIN AMERICA 400 Who fought for the independence of Mexico? Father Miguel Hidalgo LATIN AMERICA BONUS 200 Who liberated the northern areas of Latin America? LATIN AMERICA BONUS 200 Who liberated the northern areas of Latin America? Simon Bolivar LATIN AMERICA 500 Which doctrine, issued in 1823, alerted European powers that the American continents should not be considered for any future colonization? LATIN AMERICA 500 Which doctrine, issued in 1823, alerted European powers that the American continents should not be considered for any future colonization? Monroe Doctrine LATIN AMERICA BONUS 250 Which European countries lost colonies to independence? LATIN AMERICA BONUS 250 Which European countries lost colonies to independence? France Spain Portugal Traditionally, what was the relationship between Parliament and the kings of England? Use at least two examples. British kings have always had some version of Parliament. Kings would traditionally ask the advice of Parliament; especially when it came to taxes. King Edward I feared the wrath of Parliament and accepted the rule that king cannot tax without consent of Parliament. Queen Elizabeth I often consulted Parliament. Traditionally, what was the relationship between Parliament and the kings of England? Use at least two examples. Explain the conflict between king and Parliament. How did this end? Be specific! Kings would often need money for many things, mainly wars. Traditionally kings would need the permission of Parliament when it came to money. Some kings believed in Divine Right, in which Parliament had no role. And so they conflicted. After every conflict, a document was written guaranteeing the need of Parliaments permission to tax (Magna Carta, Petition of Rights). This conflict ended with the Glorious Revolution when William and Mary were invited to rule England on the condition they sign the English Bill of Rights, which further limited the powers of the monarch, thus ending the conflict between king and Parliament. Parliament won. Explain the conflict between king and Parliament. How did this end? Be specific! What led to the development of political parties in Great Britain? Be specific! James II was a Catholic monarch, which was a problem in Protestant England. There were those who believed that since James had hereditary rights to the throne, he had the right to rule regardless of religion, even if he was Catholic. These were the Tories and they fought to keep James as monarch. There were those who believed that a strong Parliament was necessary at the expense of a weaker monarch, especially a Catholic monarch. These were Whigs and they fought to replace James with a Protestant monarch, or at least a Catholic monarch with limited power. What led to the development of political parties in Great Britain? Be specific! Discuss at least four Enlightenment ideas that Thomas Jefferson incorporated into the Declaration of Independence. Include the names of the philosophers responsible for these ideas. Purpose of government is for self-protection Hobbes. People are sovereign and consent for protection of natural rights to life, liberty, and property Locke. Government is a contract between rulers and the people Rousseau. If a government breaks its contract with the people, the people have a right to revolt and change their government to one that will not break its contract Locke. Discuss at least four Enlightenment ideas that Thomas Jefferson incorporated into the Declaration of Independence. Include the names of the philosophers responsible for these ideas. Discuss at least two Enlightenment ideas that influenced the U.S. Constitution. Include the names of the philosophers responsible for these ideas. Best form of government includes a separation of powers; legislative, executive, judicial Montesquieu. Religious toleration should triumph over religious fanaticism; there should be a separation of church and state Voltaire. Discuss at least two Enlightenment ideas that influenced the U.S. Constitution. Include the names of the philosophers responsible for these ideas. Explain the significance of the storming of the Bastille. Bastille was a huge fortress in the middle of Paris that served as both a prison and an armory. Was a symbol of the strength and dominance of the French monarchy. The storming of the Bastille was the start of the French Revolution. Explain the significance of the storming of the Bastille. Why did each of the following countries attack France during the French Revolution: Austria, Prussia, Spain, and Great Britain. Austria: Marie Antoinette was Austrian and the monarch (her brother) did not want her to lose the throne. Prussia: Did not want these revolutionary ideas to spread into Prussia. Spain: Did not want these revolutionary ideas to spread into Spain. Great Britain: Was an opportunity to diminish the power of their enemy; and wanted to get back at France for their help in the American Revolution. Why did each of the following countries attack France during the French Revolution: Austria, Prussia, Spain, and Great Britain. What are two outcomes of the French Revolution? Absolute monarchy came to an end in France. Provided opportunity for Napoleon to shine and eventually rise to power. What are two outcomes of the French Revolution?