schneider ppt - autorecloser _ sectionalizer (1)
TRANSCRIPT
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ISGF Technology Session
Improving System Reliability throughAutomating Rural Feeders and
Substations
Amit Sharma
27thApril 2012
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Automatic Circuit Reclosers and Sectionalizers
Amit Sharma24thNov 2011
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Schneider Electric 3- EnergyMONTHLY REVIEW
Overhead Faults 60% - 70% of faults are of a transient (temporary) nature:
Conductors clashing in the wind
Tree branches falling on overhead conductors
Animals or birds getting curious
Careless motor vehicle drivers
Lightning strikes
Operating error : leaving earths connected etc
Some are more permanent:
An auto-reclosecycle should clear the fault
lock out of the section
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Schneider Electric 4- EnergyMONTHLY REVIEW
What is a Recloser ?
A Recloseris a protection device:
For overhead power lines
It is a circuit breaker with more arduoustest & install conditions
Designed to RECLOSE on to a fault.
Terminology
The auto-reclosecycle
Will detect a fault and open for a pre-programmed time,
before closing again automatically
This cycle can be repeated 3 times
Lockout typically on the fourth trip
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Schneider Electric 5- EnergyMONTHLY REVIEW
What is a Sectionaliser ?
A Sectionaliseris a switch: It is used in conjunction with an upstream recloser or circuit breaker
It counts the interruption created by a recloser during a fault sequence.
On a preset count
trips during the dead time of the up stream recloser
Isolates a faulty network section
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Schneider Electric 6- EnergyMONTHLY REVIEW
Benefit to the Customer
Improved reliability of power supply Quality of supplyAutomatic recloser function - supply restoration after temporary faults
Reduced outage time
Minimise revenue loss
Event Log and Remote control
Reduce cost of fault finding Better knowledge of the network
Reduction in the number of customer complaints
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MV NETWORK
MANAGEMENT
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- why improve MV distribution?
To obtain the best possible power
quality
The main issue is to reduce
outage time and cost to the utility
and its customers
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- how can outage time be reduced?
By improving
MV networks: By improving the MV
networks management:
Large number of short
sectionsRedundant networks
Reliable components
With Fault Passage
Indicators (FPIs)
Or with remote
controlled load break
switches
Or with fully automated
reclosers andsectionalizers
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R
- different types of devices
R2
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- overhead networks: types of faults Temporary
faults
Permanent
faults
80% 20%
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- temporary faults
Temporary faults can be cleared by the
use of Automatic Circuit Reclosers(ACRs)
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R
- temporary fault: one recloser
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R
15
s
C
O
Time
100%
- temporary fault: one recloser
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R
15
s
C
O
15
s
Time
100%
- temporary fault: one recloser
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Schneider Electric 16- EnergyMONTHLY REVIEW
R
15
s
C
O
15
s
Time
100%
- temporary fault: one recloser
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Schneider Electric 17- EnergyMONTHLY REVIEW
R
15
s
C
O
15
s
15
s
Time
100%
- temporary fault: one recloser
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Schneider Electric 18- EnergyMONTHLY REVIEW
R
15
s
C
O
15
s
15
s
Time2
mn
100%
- temporary fault: one recloser
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R1
- temporary fault: TWOreclosers
R2
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Schneider Electric 20- EnergyMONTHLY REVIEW
R1Network A-
50%
Network B-
50%
NetworkB
Time
- temporary fault: TWOreclosers
R2
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Schneider Electric 21- EnergyMONTHLY REVIEW
- permanent faults
Permanent faults cannot be cleared by
automatic reclosing
To manage permanent faults, the
best solution is to add some
sectionalizers
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Schneider Electric 22- EnergyMONTHLY REVIEW
R
5H6H
100%
- case 1: no network automationPermanent fault
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R
5H6H
100% 95%
- case 1: no network automationPermanent fault
2 f f
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R
- case 2: addition of non-communicatingfault
passage indicators (FPI)
An FPI for each branch of the network
Add an FPI around
each majorobstacle
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- case 3: addition ofcommunicating FPIs
R
Put several
communicating
FPIs in strategic
locations
case 4: addition of communicating FPIs and remote
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Schneider Electric 26- EnergyMONTHLY REVIEW
- case 4: addition ofcommunicating FPIs and remote
controlled load break switches
RT
TT
T
T remote controlled load breakswitchesCommunicating FPI
5 l d ti li l d b k
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- case 5: recloser and sectionalizer load break
switches
R
case 5: recloser and
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- case 5: recloser andsectionalizer load break switches
S1 = opens after ONE reclosing
operation
S2 = opens after TWO reclosing
operations S3 = opens after THREE reclosing
operations
S4 = opens after FOUR reclosingo erations
Sectionaliser load break switches are
always associated with a recloseror circuit
breaker:
case 5: recloser and
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S4
S3
S3
S2
S1
S2
- case 5: recloser andsectionalizer load break switches
R
Permanent fault
case 5: recloser and
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S4
S3
S3
S2
S1
2 2
2
S2
- case 5: recloser and
sectionalizer load break switches
R
Permanent fault
case 5: recloser and
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S4
S3
S3
S2
S1
2 2
2 S2
- case 5: recloser and
sectionalizer load break switches
R
Permanent fault
2
case : rec oser an
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S4
S3
S3 S2
S2
S1
- case : rec oser ansectionalizer load break switches
R
Permanent fault
2 60
75
%
95
%
f h d k
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- summary of overhead networks 1/2Permanent fault
95%
Case 2A recloser
+ FPIs3 h
6 h
95%
Case 1
A recloser
95%Case 3
A recloser
+ FPI with Com1h30
f h d k
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- summary of overhead networks 2/2
Permanent fault
95%
1h2
75 %Case 5
A recloser
and sectionalizers
95%
1
h
10
70 %Case 4: A recloser,
remote controlled
switches
and FPI with Com
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Schneider Electric 35- EnergyMONTHLY REVIEW
SAIDI (System Average Interruption Duration Index) can vary from a
few minutes to several hours,
SAIFI (System Average Interruption Frequency Index) can vary from
1to10and more, depending on :
population density (ruralor urbanarea)
proportion between undergroundand overheaddistribution
maximum accepted costsfor non distributed energy
Excellent Average PoorUrban area < 10 mn 30 mn >2 hrs
Rural area < 30 mn 2 hrs >10 hrs
Permanent Interruptions (>1 mn)
SAIDI/SAIFI variationsQuality Power
33/11 KV U d R t
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33/11 KV Unmanned Remote
Controlled S/s
C t U d R t t ll d 33/11 KV S/ ith
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Compact, Unmanned, Remote controlled 33/11 KV S/s with
2 transformers each up to 10 MVA.
Half space than a conventional s/s. Economic as very less civil work.
Saving in execution time and costly land in urban areas app.
Remote regular maintenance.
CB,Current & Voltage sensors are life sealed ,insensitive to the environment.
All types of protection OC,EF,UV,OV,OF,UF,DF, measurementKW,KWH,KVArH, data logging and event recording & self diagnostic facility
helps to analyze the system and energy consumption.
Delivers quality power.
Automatic callout to the remote control station in case of predefined critical
alarms. Communication with the remote central control station using GPRS Network
or other media like GSM, 3G, PSTN, Leased Lines, Radio, VSAT etc. using
established and field proven IEC 60870-5-104. Scalable to SCADA.
Sub-station will have a unique aesthetic view in a crowded city.
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33/11 KV
unmanned
Remotecontrolled s/s
within
25Mx15M
space
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33/11 KV s/s at Judges Filed Guwahati with 2 Nos. 5 MVA
Transformers.
33/11 KV S/s at Kamakhya Guwahati
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33/11 KV S/s at Kamakhya, Guwahati
with 2x5MVA Trfr.
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Unmanned 33/11 KV , 10 MVA s/s at Nalagarh, HP
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Pole mounted 11 KV Breakers/AR ( Sub station Application)
Channel Mounted 33 KV Breakers (SS Aplication)
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Channel Mounted 33 KV Breakers (SS Aplication)
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Typical layout of 33/11 KV s/s with 2 Nos. 5 MVA Trfr.
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ArchitectureGPRS
Future Substations (up to 30 nos.)
14 LCD
Remote Accessto maintenance
staff
ADSL Line
Substation # 1
Ethernet Switch
Leased Line
BreakerControlCubicle
BreakerControlCubicle
BreakerControlCubicle
BreakerControlCubicle
BreakerControlCubicle
Rs232 toEthernet
Converters(If required)
RS 232or
Ethernet Port
RS 232Nulec Direct
Protocol
RS 232Nulec Direct
Protocol
RS 232Nulec Direct
Protocol
RS 232Nulec Direct
Protocol
1
SEPAMT-87
EnergyMeters
Twisted Pair Cu
CA
T5
RS 485 (Modbus)
2 3 4 n
GPRS Router
Ethernet Switch
Leased Line
CAT
5
GPRS Router
14 LCD
Control Center
ADSL Line
M2MGateway
GPRS Cloud
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ArchitectureASEB (Judges Field S/S)
GPRS(DHBVNs Scope)
GPRS M2M GatewayLeased Line with Static IP
VPN Tunnel
Nulec Direct TCP/Modbus
VPN Tunnelusing Remote Moblie VPN
WSOS
SMSor
3rd party SCADA
Judges Field S/S
Judges Field S/S
Protocol GatewayTwo way with Dynamic IPs
Service provider independent VPN
Data encryption
Firewall
Scalable to any third party SCADA
33KV Remote controlled VCB substation application
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33KV Remote controlled VCB- substation application
33KV substation and feeder breaker
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33 KV b k i 33/11 KV S/S ith 33/11 KV t f
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33 KV breaker in 33/11 KV S/S with 33/11 KV transformer
33KV outdoor VCB Breaker in Pandav-Nagar ( Delhi)
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33KV Pole Mounted Breaker protecting a 10 MVA 33/11 KV
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Schneider Electric 52- EnergyMONTHLY REVIEW
33KV Pole Mounted Breaker protecting a 10 MVA 33/11 KV
Transformer
M k th t
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Make the mostof your energy
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Thank You!!